Preparation of a hearing in the civil procedure The topic of this thesis is preparation of a hearing in civil procedure. It represents a phase of civil procedure which starts the moment the action it brought to the court and ends with the hearing itself. The hearing should be regarded as the culmination of the whole procedure, which is why the right approach to the preparation of a hearing is not any less important than the hearing itself. The aim of this thesis is to give a comprehensive overview of this issue by reviewing the past, analysing the present legislation and providing de lege ferenda reflection. The thesis is divided into three parts. The first one is a historical overview, in which the author describes the legal development of the preparation of a hearing since 19th century until present. Legal principles, that has formed during this legal evolution and that are affecting today's legislation, are described in the beginning of the second part of the thesis. Principle of concentration and of single hearing being the two most emphasized principles. The majority of the second part deals with the current legislation, which is primarily contained in the art. 114 to 114c of the Czech Civil Procedure Code. The thesis describes the specific steps that the court has to undertake after the...

There has been limited research completed to identify supports or supporting behaviors that assisted candidates while they were completing the national board certification process. Identifying support factors that assisted national board certified teachers to the successful completion of the process was the primary focus of this study. A qualitative research method was used to interview national board certified teachers, their teaching colleagues, and their administrators. Questions were posed from the interview guides developed for each of the three targeted groups. Information derived from the interviews focused on the perceived supports that lead to the successful attainment of the national board certification. Each interview was audio taped and transcribed verbatim and then systematically coded and analyzed. The thick and rich descriptions provided an opportunity for professionals to identify with the study's participants and therefore established the applicability of the study. The specific findings were organized and clustered around the research questions. Subtopics that emerged from the data analysis process were also addressed as they related to the five researched topics. The information that accumulated prompted the formation of specific recommendations. This study should be of interest to the National Board for Professional Teaching Standards (NBPTS) as they continue to revisit their set of rigorous standards and the certification process. It should also be of interest to prospective teachers seeking the certification along with their administrators as supporters. The study could also be of interest to school system administrators who seek to promote staff development experiences for their teachers or to those individuals who desire to assist teachers in becoming highly qualified. Prompted by the No Child Left Behind legislation, our nation began to focus on the effects of teacher quality and students' achievement. The national board certification provided by the NBPTS is one means of meeting the criteria set forth to be deemed highly qualified.

Rationale for this research was based on recent legislative requirements that all teachers must meet the No Child Left Behind of 2001 and Individuals with Disabilities Improvement Act of 2004 highly qualified requirements by the end of the 2005-2006 school year. The purpose of the study was to determine the extent to which state Department of Education officials representing the 50 states addressed the issue of NCLB of 2001 highly qualified personnel provisions for secondary special education co-teachers. Information for this study was represented by online documents that were retrieved from DOE websites across the United States. Findings suggested that information provided in online documents from state DOE websites that represented the 50 states included a variety of options for special education co-teachers who were required to demonstrate core subject provisions. This study presented five themes regarding the definitions of special education co-teachers. Results in this study showed that depending upon the theme of co-teaching definition cited in online documents a range of six highly qualified options were provided. The information in this study was intended to describe current state policies and aid researchers in the review of the status of secondary special education co-teachers, analysis of current policies, and development on new policies.

Background: The nursing workforce needs to be adequately prepared to deliver care to an increasingly diverse patient population in the United Kingdom (UK). The Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) expects newly qualified nurses (NQNs) to deliver culturally sensitive and respectful care. Aim: The study aimed to explore NQNs’ perceptions of culturally competent practice during the first 9 months post qualification. Methods: A qualitative longitudinal study was conducted with a volunteer sample of 14 NQNs recruited from 3 Higher Education Institutions in the north of England. Data was collected using directed reflections (at 2-3 and 5-6 months) and semi-structured interviews (at 8-9 months) and analysed using a phenomenological approach informed by symbolic interactionism. Results: Perceptions of culturally competent nursing practice were associated with core concepts such as individualised patient care, compassionate and respectful care, respecting individual differences, professionalism and patient trust. Specific behaviours were associated with verbal and non-verbal communication, care planning and diversity-specific adjustments. Discussion: Self-perceived competence and confidence in caring for, and interacting with, patients from diverse backgrounds developed and changed throughout the transition period with experience and interaction opportunities. An ability to reflect upon and learn from novel experiences, plus an enabling ward culture and environment which responded positively to nurses seeking advice and support was important. Conclusion: Educational preparation may have enabled NQNs’ opportunities to develop some but not necessarily all of the skills and behaviours required to demonstrate culturally competent practice. During transition, supported development and professional socialisation can assist in enhancing competence and confidence.

Тема представленной магистерской диссертации посвящена чрезвычайно актуальной проблеме сопровождение высококвалифицированных сотрудников. В теоретической части представлен обзор ключевых понятий в области управления талантами, ключевые подходы и технологии работы с высококвалифицированными сотрудниками, опыт работы с высококвалифицированным персоналом в зарубежных и российских компаниях. В практической части проведен анализ системы сопровождения талантов в организации и оценка технологий работы с ними. На основе полученных данных разработаны предложения по совершенствованию технологий работы с высококвалифицированными специалистами и кандидатами в ВКС. / Тема представленной магистерской диссертации посвящена чрезвычайно актуальной проблеме сопровождение высококвалифицированных сотрудников. В теоретической части представлен обзор ключевых понятий в области управления талантами, ключевые подходы и технологии работы с высококвалифицированными сотрудниками, опыт работы с высококвалифицированным персоналом в зарубежных и российских компаниях. В практической части проведен анализ системы сопровождения талантов в организации и оценка технологий работы с ними. На основе полученных данных разработаны предложения по совершенствованию технологий работы с высококвалифицированными специалистами и кандидатами в ВКС.

Employer provided Qualified Plans ("Qualified Plans") are the most efficient supplement to Social Security savings and benefits. Given the significance of the benefits provided as well as the short-term Revenue constraints upon the Federal government in the form of substantially protracted tax deferrals, Qualified Plan legislation should maintain a conservative disposition. Incremental legislative action in the right direction will steadily graduate ERISA to its intended purpose. Unfortunately ERISA is a convoluted maze of formalities, definitions, and regulation that are only substantially understood by an expert and have yet to be adequately explained to the public at large. Recent publications such as Retirement Heist rouse the public's consciousness of retirement Plans by enumerating perceived abuses by large corporations. These alleged abuses certainly reflect innovative manipulations within the constraints of Qualified Plans. However, my thesis will prove that these "abuses" reflect the United States' disposition toward the rights of proprietorship regarding the Qualified Plan. The intent of the thesis is to illustrate this disposition through a study of the Amara v. Cigna Corp. case as well as a review of an actual LLC's defined benefit plan conversion to a cash balance plan. I will compare and contrast the different approaches taken by these two employers and justify the varied success they each experienced in converting their plans. Through this process, the thesis shall draw conclusions on the United States' dispositions toward ownership of the qualified plan.

As part of the reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act the federal government has added the requirement that all schools receiving Title I funds must have "highly qualified teachers" in every classroom. The term "highly qualified teacher" comes from the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001. What exactly is a "highly qualified" teacher? This part of the law is widely debated throughout the fifty states, but most agree that a teacher's subject-matter knowledge and experience result in increased student achievement.(Ansell& McCase, 2003) Some states have made progress in meeting the "highly qualified" requirement of NCLB. However, most states have merely established the criteria for determining if a teacher is highly qualified (Keller, 2003). The Education Trust has called for clarification from the Department of Education on the guidelines for the teacher quality provision of the law. Ten states have put into law all the requirements of the federal law, 22 have done some work toward that goal, and 18 states still have a long way to go (Keller). With so many states still grappling with compliance to the law, this study may well give policy makers in those states options that are being used in other states to consider. In addition, the study focuses on middle school and the possible impact these requirements will have on staffing of middle schools. Policy makers would do well to look at this aspect closely since middle school is often where education "loses" many students to dropping out. Also, the middle school is where the greatest number of non-certified teachers are working and where the greatest percentage (44%) of teachers are teaching without even a minor in the subject they teach (Ingersoll, 2002).

This thesis deals with basic principles of electronic signature and functions of certificate authorities, which is complemented with description of legislation environment in Czech Republic. The second part of the thesis includes methodology for comparison of certificate authority's functions in the field of qualified personal certificates. This methodology is afterwards applied for comparison of functions of accredited certificate authorities operating in Czech Republic and for determination of the best authority according to defined criteria and their significance weights.

A morbi-mortalidade materna é considerada um problema mundial e representa um desafio à Saúde Pública. O aumento progressivo nos índices de cesarianas tem produzido impactos negativos na qualidade da assistência obstétrica. A atenção qualificada às parturientes é de fundamental importância para a redução desses índices e para a promoção da maternidade segura. Este estudo buscou conhecer a realidade da assistência prestada pelos profissionais de enfermagem às parturientes, no município de Alfenas - MG. Objetivos: Caracterizar os profissionais que compõem a equipe de enfermagem que atuam no atendimento às parturientes e identificar as ações desenvolvidas por eles na prática, correlacionando-as com as competências essenciais ao exercício básico da obstetrícia. Metodologia: Estudo descritivo de corte transversal, de abordagem quantitativa, realizado em duas maternidades. A população estudada foi composta por 24 profissionais de enfermagem (10 enfermeiros, cinco técnicas em enfermagem e nove auxiliares de enfermagem). A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevista e observação sistemática, não participante, das ações desenvolvidas pela equipe de enfermagem durante a assistência obstétrica. Foram observadas 38 admissões de parturientes, 38 mulheres em trabalho de parto, 25 partos, 25 mulheres em pós-parto imediato e 25 recepções de recém-nascidos. A estatística descritiva e o teste exato de Fisher foram utilizados para análise das variáveis. Resultados: Os profissionais de enfermagem que prestam assistência às parturientes nas maternidades estudadas são em sua maioria (58,3%) de nível médio, predominantemente do sexo feminino (91,7%) com idade média de 38,25 anos; 54,2% são casadas e 70,8% têm um ou mais filhos; a carga horária média semanal de trabalho é de 49,17 horas sendo que 25% trabalham em dois empregos; 87,5% dos profissionais não participaram de nenhum evento científico na área nos últimos cinco anos; 58,3% dos profissionais estão formados há mais de cinco anos, sendo que, destes, 71,4% são profissionais de enfermagem de nível médio os quais possuem maior tempo de trabalho em maternidade. Profissionais de nível médio que prestam assistência às mulheres durante o trabalho de parto desenvolvendo atividades consideradas de maior complexidade e realizam o parto na ausência do médico, receberam treinamento informal na própria maternidade durante a jornada de trabalho e não são considerados qualificados para esse tipo de atendimento. Os enfermeiros atuam na supervisão e gerenciamento da assistência de enfermagem. Muitas das competências essenciais em obstetrícia, preconizadas pela ICM, são desenvolvidas de forma incompleta, com baixa frequência ou não são desenvolvidas. Práticas obstétricas baseadas em evidências científicas, recomendadas pela OMS, são adotadas nas maternidades; outras, não recomendadas, ainda são utilizadas. Conclusão: De acordo com critérios e requisitos estabelecidos internacionalmente sobre atenção obstétrica qualificada, a realidade apresenta carência de profissionais de enfermagem qualificados para o atendimento às parturientes. O modelo de atenção materna não prioriza a qualificação da equipe de enfermagem e apresenta formas diferentes com relação à divisão do trabalho. Muitas das competências essenciais em obstetrícia não estão sendo desempenhadas. O estudo revela a necessidade de qualificação dos profissionais para executar um atendimento condizente com as metas estabelecidas pela Iniciativa Global por uma Maternidade Sem Risco. / The maternal morbidity mortality is considered a world problem and it represents a challenge to the Public Health. The progressive increase in the indexes of Cesarean has been producing negative impacts in the quality of the obstetric attendance. The qualified attentions to the parturients are of fundamental importance for the reduction of those indexes and for the promotion of the safe maternity. This study looked for knowing the reality of the attendance rendered by the nursing professionals to the parturients, in the municipal district of Alfenas - MG. Objective: To characterize the professionals that compose the nursing team that act in the service to the parturients and to identify the actions developed by them in practice, correlating them with the essential competences to the basic exercise of the obstetrics. Methodology: Descriptive study of traverse cut, of quantitative approach, accomplished at two maternities. The studied population was composed by 24 nursing professionals (10 nurses, five techniques in nursing and nine auxiliaries nursing). The collection of data was accomplished through interview and systematic observation, no participant, of the actions developed by the nursing team during the obstetric attendance. Were observed 38 admissions of parturients, 38 women in stage of labor, 25 childbirths, and 25 women in immediate postpartum and 25 receptions of newborn. The descriptive statistics and the exact test of Fisher were used for analysis of the variables. Results: The nursing professionals that render attendance to the parturients in the studied maternities are in his/her majority (58,3%) of medium level, predominantly female (91,7%) with medium age 38,25 years old; 54,2% are married and 70,8% have one or more children; the medium workload of work weekly is of 49,17 hours, and 25% of workers work in two jobs; 87,5% of the professionals did not participate in any scientific event in the area in the last five years; 58,3% of the professionals are formed more than five years, and, of these, 71,4% are professional of nursing of medium level which possess larger time of work in maternity. Professionals of medium level that render attendance to the women during the labor stage developing activities considered of larger complexity and they accomplish the childbirth in the doctor\'s absence, they received informal training in the own maternity during the work day and they are not considered qualified for that kind of service. The nurses act in the supervision and administration of the nursing attendance. Many of the essential competences in obstetrics, approved by ICM, are developed in an incomplete way, with low frequency or they are not developed. Obstetric practices based on scientific evidences, recommended by WHO, are adopted at the maternities; other, no recommended, they are not used yet. Conclusion: In agreement with criteria and requirements established internationally about attention obstetric qualified, the reality presents lack of professionals of nursing qualified for the service to the parturients. The model of maternal attention does not prioritize the qualification of the nursing team and it presents different forms regarding of the division of the work. Many of the essential competences in obstetrics are not being carried out. The study reveals the need of the professionals\' qualification to execute an suitable service with the established goals for the Global Initiative for a Maternity Without Risk.

A atenção qualificada ao parto tem sido um dos principais focos de ação da Iniciativa Maternidade Sem Risco (IMSR), no intuito de se obter gestações e partos mais seguros para as mulheres e os recém-nascidos e consequentemente diminuir as taxas de morbimortalidade materno-infantil. Este estudo buscou conhecer a assistência que as mulheres, atendidas nos serviços públicos de saúde do município de São Carlos/SP, recebem durante o ciclo gravídico-puerperal, evidenciando as ações desenvolvidas pela equipe de enfermagem. Objetivos: Descrever o perfil dos profissionais de enfermagem que atuam na atenção ao ciclo gravídico-puerperal e identificar as ações desenvolvidas por estes na assistência ao pré-natal, trabalho de parto, parto e puerpério, correlacionando com as competências essenciais ao exercício básico da obstetrícia recomendadas pela Confederação Internacional das Parteiras (ICM). Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo exploratório descritivo, com uma abordagem quantitativa, que utilizou para a coleta de dados a entrevista estruturada e a observação sistemática das ações desenvolvidas pelos profissionais de enfermagem na assistência ao ciclo gravídico-puerperal. A população estudada foi composta de 84 profissionais de enfermagem, sendo 37 da atenção básica que prestam assistência ao pré-natal e puerpério e 47 da maternidade, que prestam assistência ao parto. Foram observadas na atenção básica, 52 pré-consultas e 47 pós-consultas de pré-natal, 05 abertura de SISPRENATAL, 05 acolhimentos, 05 consulta de pré-natal e 02 consultas puerperais realizadas pelas enfermeiras. Na atenção ao parto foram observadas 22 avaliações obstétricas admissionais, 15 trabalhos de parto, 12 partos normais, 10 cesáreas, 18 recepções de recém-nascido e 18 assistências no alojamento conjunto. A estatística descritiva foi utilizada para descrever e sintetizar os dados. Resultados: Os profissionais são predominantemente do sexo feminino, média de 35,1 anos, casados (62,2%) e com filhos. A média de carga horária encontrada entre os profissionais de enfermagem que prestam assistência na atenção básica foi de 41,6 horas e de 53,9 horas na assistência ao parto, sendo que respectivamente 8,1% e 32% destes profissionais têm mais de um emprego. A média de salários dos auxiliares e técnicos de enfermagem que atendem a mulher no o pré-natal e no parto correspondem respectivamente a 43,2% e 37,3% da remuneração média das enfermeiras. Quanto à qualificação profissional, todas as enfermeiras entrevistadas na atenção básica do município referiram ter cursado ou estar cursando pós-graduação lato sensu, sendo 57,14% em saúde da família, 21,43% em enfermagem obstétrica, 7,14% em saúde da família e enfermagem obstétrica, 7,14% em saúde da família e saúde mental e 7,14% em administração hospitalar. Na maternidade, as seis enfermeiras eram especialistas em obstétrica. O tempo de experiência profissional no atendimento às mulheres no ciclo gravídico-puerperal entre os profissionais da atenção básica variou de 1 mês a 20 anos e na maternidade de 1 mês a 25 anos. Os resultados revelam que todos os profissionais são qualificados para a atenção ao ciclo gravídicopuerperal. Quanto às habilidades essenciais em obstetrícia, preconizadas pela ICM, muitas foram realizadas de forma incompletas e outras deixaram de ser realizadas. Conclusões: Na atenção básica as ações desenvolvidas pelo profissional de enfermagem no cuidado à mulher no pré-natal foram predominantemente de suporte, apoio e complementação da assistência médica, sendo discreta a participação da enfermeira na consulta de pré-natal. Na maternidade as enfermeiras atendem na admissão, acompanham o trabalho de parto e realizam a maior parte dos partos normais. Embora ainda existam habilidades específicas a serem realizadas, demonstraram ações moduladas por princípios da humanização, bem como da atenção qualificada. O estudo aponta a necessidade da reorganização da assistência ao pré-natal, inserindo efetivamente o enfermeiro, bem como que a assistência ao parto busque cada vez mais uma assistência qualificada e humanizada, com reconhecimento e autonomia do enfermeiro. / The qualified attention on childbirth has been one of the main focus on the Making Pregnancy Safer Initiative (MPR) in order to obtain safer pregnancies and childbirth to women and the newborns and consequently reduce the rates of maternal and newborns mortality. This study sought to know the assistance that women have in São Carlos/SP city during the puerperal pregnancy cycle spotlighting the nursing team. Objectives: Describe the profile of nursing professionals who work in puerperal pregnancy cycle and identify the actions developed for them in prenatal assistance, labour, childbirth and post-natal period correlating with the essentials competences to the obstetric basic exercising obstetrics recommended by the International Conferation of Midwives (ICM). Metodology: This study is a exploratory descriptive with a quantitative approach which used to collect data structured interview and systematic observation of the actions taken by nursing professionals in assisting puerperal pregnancy cycle. The studied population was composed of 84 nursing professionals being 37 of basic attention that provide assistance to prenatal and post-natal period and 47 of maternity that provide assistance to childbirth. Were observed in basic attention, 52 pre consults and 47 post consults, 05 SISPRENATAL opening, 05 receptiveness, 05 prenatal consults anda 05 puerperal consults undertaken by the nurses. On attention to childbirth were observed 22 admisions, 15 labours, 12 normal births, 10 cesarean, 18 newborn receipts and 18 assistances in accommodation set. It used the descriptive statistics describe and summarise data. Results: Professionals are predominantly female average 31,5 years, married (62,2%) and with children. The average of hourly charge between nursing professionals who provide assistance in basic attention was 41.6 hours and 53.9 hours on birth assistance being respectively 8,1% and 32% of these professionals have more than a job.The average salary of nursing assistants and technicians that assist women on prenatal and birth correspond respectively to 43.2% and 37,3% of the average remuneration of nurses. As vocational qualification, all nurses interviewed in city basic attention mentioned have attended or being attending a post graduation lato sensu being 57,14% in family health, 21,43% in obstetrical nursing, 7,14% in family health and obstetrical nursing, one 7,14% in family health and mental health and just one 7,14% in hospital administration. At maternity all the six nurses were obstetrical experts. Professional experience in assistance to women on puerperal pregnancy cycle between basic attention professionals ranged from 1 month to 20 years and at maternity from 1 month to 25 years.The results reveal that that all professionals are skilled attention to puerperal pregnancy cycle. As regards the essential skills in obstetrics, advocated by the ICM, many were so incomplete and other not performed. Conclusions: On basic attention the actions developed by nursing professionals on women prenatal care were predominantly of support and medical assistance complementation being discreet nurse\'s participation in prenatal consult. Maternity nurses serve in the admission, accompany labour and perform most normal births. Although there are specific skills to be performed, demonstrated actions modulated by principles of humanization as well as qualified attention. The study revels the need for reorganization of prenatal assistance inserting effectively the nurse as well as assistance to childbirth look increasingly a qualified and humanized assistance with recognition and autonomy of the nurse.