Submitted by Edisangela Bastos (edisangela@ufpa.br) on 2017-01-20T14:11:25Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_LeiMuwajiDiscursos.pdf: 1218589 bytes, checksum: 2962f6afecf374f2900213672e2428a8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Edisangela Bastos (edisangela@ufpa.br) on 2017-01-23T12:04:20Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_LeiMuwajiDiscursos.pdf: 1218589 bytes, checksum: 2962f6afecf374f2900213672e2428a8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-23T12:04:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_LeiMuwajiDiscursos.pdf: 1218589 bytes, checksum: 2962f6afecf374f2900213672e2428a8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-06-28 / CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Esta dissertação tem por objetivo analisar a constitucionalidade do Projeto de Lei nº 1.057/2007, mais conhecido como Lei Muwaji, o qual dispõe sobre a criminalização e o combate às práticas tradicionais dos povos indígenas que, de acordo com o seu texto, são “nocivas” aos direitos humanos das crianças. Chegamos à conclusão de que o referido projeto é inconstitucional, por desrespeitar o direito à autodeterminação daqueles povos. Primeiramente, fere o princípio da igualdade, o direito à não-discriminação e a convenção do mútuo reconhecimento. Trata as minorias indígenas de maneira discriminatória. Em segundo lugar, não são respeitados o princípio da equidade, o direito ao autogoverno e a convenção do consentimento. Os povos indígenas não participaram devidamente dos processos de deliberação política. Por fim, não são levados em consideração o princípio da integridade, o direito à integridade cultural e a convenção da continuidade. As perspectivas ameríndias sobre a infância não são respeitadas. Como método, utilizamos a teoria do direito como integridade de Ronald Dworkin. / This dissertation analyses the constitutionality of the legal project nº 1.057/2007, mostly known as Muwaji Law, that deals with, according to its text, the struggle against indigenous peoples’ traditional customs that are “harmful” to the human rights of children. We concluded that this project is unconstitutional for disrespecting the self-determination right of these peoples. First, it undermines the equality principle, the right to non-discrimination and the mutual recognition convention. The indigenous minorities are treated in a discriminatory manner. Secondly, the fairness principle, the self-government right and the convention of consent are not respected. Indigenous peoples did not participate in due processes of political deliberation. Finally, the integrity principle, the right to cultural integrity and the convention of continuity are not taken into account. The Amerindian perspectives on childhood are not respected. As a method, we use the theory of law as integrity by Ronald Dworkin.

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This dissertation treats about the relation between information and action in moral judgments. First of all, we explicit the logical problem, called antinomy, present in the descriptive ethics theories which do not admit the prescriptive factor of the moral judgments. Secondly we present the logical problem, called paradox, present in Austin s linguistic theory (which gave rise to the ethical prescriptivism) that does not admit the descriptive factor of moral judgments. After that, we present Hare s theory as synthesis, which gathers descriptive and prescriptive factors, and, because of this, does not make the same mistakes of the theories previously developed. Although, some critics - Geach, Sen and Azevedo accused Hare of being an existential descriptivist. More precisely, Sen and Geach accused him of being descriptivist, whereas Sen and Azevedo accused him of being existentialist. This work shows that those accusations occur because of the failure in the interpretation of the relation between descriptive and prescriptive factors on Hare s formulation about moral judgments. For the author, the supervenience (which guarantees that the moral choices must be the same when the same factual elements are presented) is the fundament of the universalizability (which guarantees that the moral action must be the same independently of the roles played on the moral action). However, these formulations do not prevent that the author of the moral judgment gather more information and start acting differently, which would not be possible for a descriptivist. Because of this, we formulated a symbolic model, which relates cultural pattern, prescribed pattern and value; and, moreover, which shows the temporal aspects and the change aspects. Another issue is about the necessity of the critical thought, for Hare, in the formulation of universal ethics. So, this work will explicit the reasons why Hare cannot be called existential descriptivist. / Esta dissertação trata da relação entre informação e ação nos juízos morais. Primeiramente é explicitado o problema lógico, denominado de antinomia, presentes nas teorias éticas descritivistas que não admitem o fator prescritivo dos juízos morais. Em segundo lugar, é apresentado o problema lógico, denominado de paradoxo, presente na teoria lingüística de Austin (que deu origem ao prescritivismo ético) a qual não admite o fator descritivo dos juízos morais. Posteriormente, a teoria de Hare é apresentada como síntese, que une o fator descritivo e o prescritivo, e que, por isso, não comete os mesmos erros das teorias desenvolvidas anteriormente. Porém, alguns críticos Geach, Sen e Azevedo acusaram Hare de ser um descritivista existencial. Mais precisamente: Sen e Geach o acusaram de ser descritivista; ao passo que Sen e Azevedo o acusaram de ser existencialista. Este trabalho mostra que estas acusações ocorrem pela falha na interpretação da relação entre fator descritivo e prescritivo na formulação de Hare sobre os juízos morais. Para o autor, a superveniência (que garante que as escolhas morais devem ser as mesmas, quando apresentados os mesmos elementos fatuais) é o fundamento da universalizabilidade (que garante que a ação moral deve ser a mesma independente dos papéis representados na ação moral). Mas, essas formulações não impedem que o autor do juízo moral reúna novas informações e passe a agir de forma diferente, o que não seria possível para um descritivista. Por isso, formulamos um modelo simbólico, o qual relaciona padrão cultural, padrão prescrito e valor; e, além disso, que mostra os aspectos temporais e de mudança. Outra questão gira em torno da necessidade do pensamento crítico, para Hare, na formulação de uma ética universal. Dessa forma, neste trabalho ficará explicitado os motivos pelos quais Hare não poder ser chamado de descritivista existencial. / Mestre em Filosofia

Orientador: Roberto Romano da Silva / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-12T21:51:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DaweJunior_FrankTessier_M.pdf: 573061 bytes, checksum: c730e42f831cb4bdd67b40f7f0a3bc74 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: O presente trabalho se propõe a realizar uma análise da tese contida na obra O império do direito, de Ronald Dworkin, em que esse autor desenvolve uma teoria do direito baseada nas premissas da interpretação construtiva dos textos e práticas legais, e da integridade tanto moral quanto político-social, propondo-a como a melhor solução para o debate sobre o aperfeiçoamento das doutrinas jurídicas. A análise infere que há incompletude na primeira premissa e inconsistência na segunda, apresentando-se portanto a teoria elaborada pelo autor como não suficiente para seu propósito de servir de referência para as decisões jurídicas. Verifica-se, portanto, a existência de uma propensão ao engano tanto nas doutrinas jurídicas correntes quanto na própria tese de Dworkin, e o 'Gênio Maligno' do título refere-se à personagem fictícia e metafórica criada por Descartes, cuja função é justamente a de induzir-nos ao erro, numa clara referência aos equívocos conceituais que genericamente ocorrem na área da Justiça e do Direito / Abstract: This paper is designed to analyze the thesis produced by Ronald Dworkin in his book Law's Empire, where the author develops a theory of law that is based on the premises of (i) constructive interpretation of law texts and practices and (ii) moral, political and social integrity, and proposes that they are the best solution for the debate on the improvement of law doctrines. After an analysis, one can perceive that the first premise lacks completeness and the second consistency. Therefore, the theory set forth by the author is regarded as not sufficient to fulfill its purpose to be used as a reference for juridical decisions. One can identify that there is a tendency for inaccurate explanation of both current law doctrines and Dworkin's own thesis, while the Evil Genius in the title refers to a metaphor and fictitious character created by Descartes whose role is to induce readers to conceptual misconstructions as a reference to misinterpretations that usually take place in the areas of Justice and Law / Mestrado / Mestre em Filosofia

M.Inf. / Belbin's team role theory is a popular team building tool. This study aims to establish whether Belbin's theory can be meaningfully applied to an information service enterprise. Belbin's team role theory is explained and its uniqueness, when compared with similar theories such as Margerison and McCann's team role theory and the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, is highlighted. Belbin's theory is then applied to a team in the Unisa Library to evaluate how the 'end-user', the trainee, views the value of this team role theory. Their views are then evaluated using a research/evaluation questionnaire. The findings are discussed and the conclusion is reached that Belbin's team role theory can be meaningfully applied in an information service enterprise. The feedback of the respondents indicates that they were satisfied with the accuracy and truthfulness of the results and that they were of the opinion that their team roles reflected their personalities rather than their values and culture. For them the main value lies in the renewed self-insight and increased self-confidence gained from the exercise. They also indicated its potential for improved cooperation and problem solving within team context. Furthermore they were confident that the team roles could be used when the reengineering plan is implemented in the Unisa Library. Finally it is recommended that team building needs to form an integral part of the reengineering implementation process. With regard to team development the need to focus on the 'task', 'team', 'individual' and the 'organisational context' is emphasised.

Restriction modification (R-M) systems are important components of the prokaryotic arsenal against invading genomes. R-M systems directly target the foreign DNA and are often considered as primitive immune systems in bacteria. The defense system comprises of two contrasting enzymatic activities – a restriction endonuclease (REase) and a methyltransferase (MTase). Functionally, REases cleave a specific DNA sequence endonucleolytically at the phosphodiester bonds generating 5' or 3' overhangs or blunt ends. MTases catalyze the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-Lmethionine to adenine or cytosine. Four types of R–M systems are found in bacteria, viz., Types I, II, III and IV. Type II R-M systems, comprising of a separate REase and MTase, are the most abundant and well-studied enzymes. Type II REases recognize and cleave DNA within or near their recognition sequences. Surprisingly, these enzymes share little or no sequence homology amongst them. All the enzymes identified so far can be grouped into conventional PD-(D/E)XK, ββα-Me, GIY-YIG, phospholipase-derived and half-pipe endonucleases according to their folds and active site structures. Owing to their high specificity and defined cleavage pattern, they have become indispensable tools in molecular biology and have been widely exploited for studying protein–DNA interactions. The work presented in this thesis deals with R.KpnI, which belongs to the HNH superfamily of nucleases and is characterized by the presence of a ββα-Me finger motif. The REase isolated from Klebsiella pneumoniae recognizes the palindromic DNA sequence GGTAC/C and cleaves DNA as indicated. The enzyme is unique in exhibiting promiscuous DNA cleavage in the presence of Mg2+, a natural co-factor for a vast majority of REases. Surprisingly, Ca2+ and Zn2+ completely suppress the Mg2+ mediated promiscuous activity and induce high fidelity cleavage. These unusual features of R.KpnI led to the functional characterization of the ββα-Me finger active site motif. In addition, the studies were aimed at understanding the mechanism and the biological significance of substrate and co-factor promiscuity exhibited by the enzyme. The salient aspects of the thesis are summarized below. A general introduction and overview of the literature on structure-function studies, mechanism of recognition and catalysis by REases with special emphasis on Type II enzymes is presented in the Chapter 1. An account of co-factor specificity in REases, role of metal ions in DNA binding as well as in phosphodiester bond hydrolysis is provided. The various aspects of R-M systems that target the invading DNA elements and counter strategies employed by the foreign genomes to evade the restriction are also covered. The new developments that provide insights in understanding the diversity of R-M systems and additional biological roles that could increase the fitness of the host organism harboring them are described. The features of substrate and metal ion specificity in REases and the efforts undertaken to alter the specificity have been dealt at the end of the chapter. From the structures of the several ββα-Me finger nucleases, the α-helix has been implicated in providing a structural scaffold for the correct juxtapositioning of the catalytic residues. However, no mutagenesis data exists to delineate its role. Homology modeling studies of R.KpnI suggested a crossover structure for the α-helix of the ββαMe finger active site motif, which could possibly form dimeric interface and/or structural scaffold for the active site. Chapter 2 describes the computational modeling and mutational analysis performed to understand the role of the residues present in this α-helix in intersubunit interactions and/or stabilization of the active site. Mutation of the residues present in the α-helix lead to the loss of the enzyme activity, but not dimerization ability. Subsequent biophysical experiments showed that the α-helix of the ββα-Me finger of R.KpnI plays an important role for the stability of the protein–DNA complex needed for its function. In Chapter 3, unusual co-factor flexibility for R.KpnI is shown by using a battery of divalent metal co-factors differing in ionic radii and coordination geometries. A number of alkaline earth and transition group metal ions function as co-factors for DNA cleavage. The metal ions replaced each other readily from the enzyme’s active site revealing the active site plasticity. Mutation of the invariant His residue of the HNH motif caused abolition of the enzyme activity with all the co-factors indicating that the enzyme follows single metal ion mechanism for DNA cleavage. The indispensability of the invariant His in nucleophile activation together with the broad co-factor tolerance of the enzyme indicated the role of metal ions in electrostatic stabilization during catalysis. At higher concentrations, Mg2+, Mn2+ or Co2+ stimulate promiscuous cleavage while Cd2+, Ni2+ or Zn2+ inhibit phosphodiester bond hydrolysis. The underlying molecular mechanisms for the modulation of the enzyme activity by the metal ion binding to the second site are presented. Regulation of the endonuclease activity and fidelity by a second metal ion binding is a unique feature of R.KpnI among REases and HNH nucleases. The identification of additional metal ion binding residues would help in engineering REase variants with enhanced activity and/or specificity. Chapter 4 describes the generation of an R.KpnI variant with altered co-factor specificity by exploiting the active site plasticity of the enzyme. The mutant enzyme is a Mn2+ -dependent endonuclease defective in DNA cleavage with Mg2+ and other divalent metal ions. In the engineered mutant, only Mn2+ is selectively bound at the active site, imparting in vitro activity while being dormant in vivo. In addition to the Mn2+ selectivity, the mutant is impaired in concerted double-stranded DNA cleavage leading to the accumulation of nicked intermediates. The nicking activity of the mutant enzyme is further enhanced by altering the reaction conditions. Thus, a single point mutation in the active site of R.KpnI generates a Mn2+ -dependent REase and a sequence specific nicking endonuclease. The potential applications of such enzymes engineered for selective metal ion dependent activities have been discussed. R.KpnI is peculiar in retaining robust promiscuous cleavage despite being a typical Type II REase in all other characteristics. Chapter 5 presents results of the growth properties and phage titer analysis carried out with R.KpnI and its high fidelity variant to understand the biological significance of promiscuous activity. The enzyme isolated from the K. pneumoniae exhibited biochemical properties similar to that of R.KpnI overexpressed in E.coli. It was observed that the wild type but not the high fidelity variant could effectively restrict bacteriophages methylated at GGTACC. These results show that the REase exhibits promiscuous activity in vivo, which would be advantageous for the organism to better target the incoming foreign DNA. The promiscuous behavior of the R.KpnI could be one of the counter strategies employed by the bacteria against the constantly evolving phages in the co-evolutionary arms race. In conclusion, the work described in this thesis provides new insights about structure, function and biology of REases in general and R.KpnI in particular. The co-factor and substrate promiscuity of R.KpnI may indicate its evolutionarily intermediate form that is yet to attain a high degree of specificity. Alternatively, it is possible that this unique feature is retained during the evolution of the HNH REases serving some unknown function(s) in the cell, in addition to having an edge in countering the phage infections.

Diplomová práce se zabývá vztahem práva a morálky v iusnaturalismu a iuspozitivismu, přičemž poukazuje na různé významové konotace pojmů právo a morálka. Naznačuje historický vývoj obou směrů až do období dvacátého století a u dílčích období vývoje uvádí i významné představitele, a to včetně jejich hlavních filosofických myšlenek. Těžiště práce však spočívá ve srovnání přístupů a pojetí vztahu práva a morálky v koncepcích významných právních filosofů H. L. A. Harta a R. M. Dworkina. Oba muži bývají považováni za představitele zmíněných směrů a jejich názorový střet lze pokládat za jeden z nejvýraznějších momentů ve filosofii práva druhé poloviny dvacátého století. Práce se tak detailně věnuje problematice práva a morálky nejprve u H. L. A. Harta a následně pak u R. M. Dworkina. Snaží se předložit základy jejich právních tezí, charakterizovat přístup k chápání morálky a v neposlední řadě také popsat již výše zmiňovaný vztah dvou normativních systémů - práva a morálky. Diplomová práce vychází ze studia řady pramenů, jako jsou monografie, učebnice, sborníky, články odborných časopisů či internetové zdroje. Klíčovými se však mezi použitými zdroji stala především díla obou právních filosofů, která umožnila pochopit jejich rozdílná stanoviska k problematice práva a morálky. Pro naplnění stanovených cílů...

Submitted by Rosana Moreira (rosanapsm@outlook.com) on 2018-08-22T20:22:43Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_DesacordosTeoricosFilosofia.pdf: 629038 bytes, checksum: fbf07a8526fd7a52db00d338b40453a0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Edisangela Bastos (edisangela@ufpa.br) on 2018-08-27T18:49:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_DesacordosTeoricosFilosofia.pdf: 629038 bytes, checksum: fbf07a8526fd7a52db00d338b40453a0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-27T18:49:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_DesacordosTeoricosFilosofia.pdf: 629038 bytes, checksum: fbf07a8526fd7a52db00d338b40453a0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-08 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Este trabalho tem como objetivo geral analisar influência da filosofia da linguagem no debate Hart-Dworkin e a tentativa de sua superação através da teoria dos planos de Scott Shapiro enfocando os desacordos teóricos. Este objetivo é buscado sempre pela mistura ou dialética de dois elementos ou dimensões. Em primeiro lugar, a exploração dos argumentos existentes na teoria do direito. Em segundo lugar, a relação destes argumentos com aqueles apresentados em campos da filosofia da linguagem. Nossa hipótese é a de que o estudo deste debate e desta relação nos mostra que a teoria dos desacordos de Dworkin é a melhor explicação do problema, mas, ao mesmo tempo, as teorias adversárias escolhidas utilizam de diversos elementos metodológicos que representam avanços que foram realizados na filosofia geral, como a perspectiva dos planos proposta por Michael Bratman. Tentamos demonstrar esta hipótese por meio da análise de quatro autores e suas influências. Estes autores são Ronald Dworkin, H. L. A. Hart, Jules Coleman e Scott Shapiro. Por meio desta análise, esperamos demonstrar como os fundamentos das teorias propostas foram se modificando da filosofia da linguagem para outros campos e qual é o estado da teoria do direito com este avanço. Como resultado, defendemos que a hipótese está certa e que mesmo sem ter a melhor capacidade explicativa, as novas teorias do direito precisam ser melhor analisadas e seus ganhos melhor considerados. / This work has as general objective to analyze the influence of philosophy of language on the Hart – Dworkin Debate and the overcoming tried by the planning theory of Scott Shapiro, focusing the theoretical disagreements. This objective is always sought by the mixture of two elements. In the first place, the exploration of the existing arguments in legal theory. Secondly, the relation of these arguments to those presented in fields of general philosophy. Our hypothesis is that the study of this debate and relationship show us that Dworkin's theory of disagreements is the best explanation of the problem, but at the same time the opposing theories chosen are using several methodological elements that represent advances that have been made in general philosophy, such as the perspective of the plans proposed by Michael Bratman. We attempt to demonstrate this hypothesis through the principal analysis of four authors and their influences, namely Ronald Dworkin, H.L.A. Hart, Jules Coleman, and Scott Shapiro. Through this analysis we hope to demonstrate how the foundations of the proposed theories have been changing the focus from philosophy of language to other fields and which is the state of legal theory with this advance. As result, we defend the point that the hypothesis is right and even without the best explanatory capacity, the new theories of law need to be better analyzed and their earnings better considered.

Submitted by Cleide Dantas (cleidedantas@ufpa.br) on 2014-03-13T15:56:02Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) Dissertacao_EquacaoIgualdadeLiberdade.pdf: 700639 bytes, checksum: 5c710d9406c4b438a9dec954581aa1c0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Rosa Silva (arosa@ufpa.br) on 2014-05-20T12:26:38Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) Dissertacao_EquacaoIgualdadeLiberdade.pdf: 700639 bytes, checksum: 5c710d9406c4b438a9dec954581aa1c0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T12:26:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) Dissertacao_EquacaoIgualdadeLiberdade.pdf: 700639 bytes, checksum: 5c710d9406c4b438a9dec954581aa1c0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / O presente estudo objetiva revisitar a equação igualdade-liberdade, especialmente as concepções de John Rawls, Ronald Dworkin e Hannah Arendt, para indicar qual dos dois valores possui valor normativo mais transcendente. Tendo em mente este desiderato, a referida equação foi analisada a partir das correntes doutrinárias do liberalismo do tempo presente confrontando-as com o pensamento político de Hannah Arendt, o que elevou o grau de complexidade da pesquisa considerando que ambos provêm de tradições filosóficas e políticas distintas. Ao longo do trabalho, procurou-se demonstrar, sobretudo amparado no pensamento político de Hannah Arendt, que a liberdade positiva, fundada no princípio do autogoverno e em combinação com a igualdade complexa, pode ser apontada como o valor mais transcendente dentro da famosa equação. / The present study aims to revisit the equality-freedom equation, especially in their concepts of John Rawls, Ronald Dworkin and Hannah Arendt, to indicate which of the two values owns normative value more transcendent. Having in mind this desideratum, this equation was analyzed from the current doctrinal of the liberalism of the present time confronting it with the political thought of Hannah Arendt, which increased the complexity of the research considering that both come from different philosophical and political traditions. Throughout this work, looked for demonstrate, mainly supported in political thought of Hannah Arendt, that the positive liberty, founded on the principle of self-government and in combination with the complex equality, can be pointed as the most transcendent value in the famous equation.