Objetivos: Comparar o efeito do controle estrito do biofilme supragengival (SUPRA), em comparação ao controle combinado dos biofilmes supra e subgengival (SUPRA+SUB), na microbiota subgengival de pacientes durante a fase de manutenção periódica preventiva (MPP), ao longo de 1 ano. Materiais e métodos: Sessenta e dois pacientes com periodontite moderada ou avançada (idade média 50.97 ± 9.26 anos, 40 mulheres, 24 fumantes) foram tratados de acordo com um protocolo não-cirúrgico. Finalizada a fase terapêutica, os pacientes iniciaram a fase de MPP e foram randomicamente alocados para receber a intervenção SUPRA ou SUPRA+SUB. Exames periodontais, instruções de higiene bucal, e as respectivas intervenções (SUPRA ou SUPRA+SUB) foram realizados em consultas trimestrais. Biofilme subgengival foi coletado ao baseline, 3, 6 e 12 meses. Técnica de PCR em Tempo Real foi utilizada para quantificar as espécies bacterianas Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Treponema denticola (Td), Tannerella forsythia (Tf), e o domínio Eubacteria (Bactérias totais). Equações de estimação generalizadas foram usadas para se estimar os efeitos dos tratamentos considerando-se a avaliação longitudinal. Resultados: Não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre os grupos para as contagens de Pg, Td, Tf, e Bactérias totais ao longo de 1 ano. Contudo, a partir dos 3 meses, as contagens de Pg e Tf aumentaram significativamente em ambos os grupos. As contagens de Bactérias totais e Td foram mantidas longitudinalmente. Por outro lado, as contagens médias das espécies bacterianas alvo permaneceram em baixos níveis (≤ 103) durante todo o estudo. Paralelamente, os parâmetros clínicos foram mantidos sem alterações significativas. Conclusões: As intervenções de manutenção investigadas produziram resultados microbiológicos semelhantes ao longo do tempo, o que demonstra o grande e importante impacto do controle do biofilme supragengival durante a fase de MPP. / Aim: Compare the effects of supragingival scaling alone (SPG) against the combined supra and subgingival scaling (SPG+SBG), on subgingival microbiota from patients during periodontal maintenance period (PMP), along 1 year. Material and Methods: Sixty-two patients with moderate or severe periodontitis (mean age 50.97 ± 9.26, 40 females, 24 smokers) were treated according to a non-surgical protocol. Ended the therapy phase, they entered a PMP and were randomly allocated to receive SPG or SPG+SBG interventions. Periodontal exams, oral hygiene instructions, and the respective intervention (SPG or SPG+SBG) were performed at quarterly appointments. Subgingival biofilm was sampled at baseline, 3, 6 and 12 months. Real-time PCR technique was used to quantify the bacteria species Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Treponema denticola (Td), Tannerella forsythia (Tf), and Eubacteria domain (Total bacteria). Generalized estimating equations were used to estimate treatment effects while accounting for longitudinal evaluation. Results: No significant inter-groups differences were observed to Pg, Td, Tf, and Total bacteria counts over 1 year. However, from 3 months onward, Pg and Tf counts increased significantly in both groups. Total bacteria and Td counts were maintained overtime. Still, the mean counts of target bacteria species remained at low levels (≤ 103) throughout the study. In parallel, the clinical parameters were maintained without significant changes. Conclusions: The PMP interventions yielded similar microbiological results along time, demonstrating the great impact and importance of supragingival biofilm control during PMP.

abstract: There is a lack of music therapy services for college students who have problems with depression and/or anxiety. Even among universities and colleges that offer music therapy degrees, there are no known programs offering music therapy to the institution's students. Female college students are particularly vulnerable to depression and anxiety symptoms compared to their male counterparts. Many students who experience mental health problems do not receive treatment, because of lack of knowledge, lack of services, or refusal of treatment. Music therapy is proposed as a reliable and valid complement or even an alternative to traditional counseling and pharmacotherapy because of the appeal of music to young women and the potential for a music therapy group to help isolated students form supportive networks. The present study recruited 14 female university students to participate in a randomized controlled trial of short-term group music therapy to address symptoms of depression and anxiety. The students were randomly divided into either the treatment group or the control group. Over 4 weeks, each group completed surveys related to depression and anxiety. Results indicate that the treatment group's depression and anxiety scores gradually decreased over the span of the treatment protocol. The control group showed either maintenance or slight worsening of depression and anxiety scores. Although none of the results were statistically significant, the general trend indicates that group music therapy was beneficial for the students. A qualitative analysis was also conducted for the treatment group. Common themes were financial concerns, relationship problems, loneliness, and time management/academic stress. All participants indicated that they benefited from the sessions. The group progressed in its cohesion and the participants bonded to the extent that they formed a supportive network which lasted beyond the end of the protocol. The results of this study are by no means conclusive, but do indicate that colleges with music therapy degree programs should consider adding music therapy services for their general student bodies. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.M. Music Therapy 2013

Objetivos: Comparar o efeito do controle estrito do biofilme supragengival (SUPRA), em comparação ao controle combinado dos biofilmes supra e subgengival (SUPRA+SUB), na microbiota subgengival de pacientes durante a fase de manutenção periódica preventiva (MPP), ao longo de 1 ano. Materiais e métodos: Sessenta e dois pacientes com periodontite moderada ou avançada (idade média 50.97 ± 9.26 anos, 40 mulheres, 24 fumantes) foram tratados de acordo com um protocolo não-cirúrgico. Finalizada a fase terapêutica, os pacientes iniciaram a fase de MPP e foram randomicamente alocados para receber a intervenção SUPRA ou SUPRA+SUB. Exames periodontais, instruções de higiene bucal, e as respectivas intervenções (SUPRA ou SUPRA+SUB) foram realizados em consultas trimestrais. Biofilme subgengival foi coletado ao baseline, 3, 6 e 12 meses. Técnica de PCR em Tempo Real foi utilizada para quantificar as espécies bacterianas Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Treponema denticola (Td), Tannerella forsythia (Tf), e o domínio Eubacteria (Bactérias totais). Equações de estimação generalizadas foram usadas para se estimar os efeitos dos tratamentos considerando-se a avaliação longitudinal. Resultados: Não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre os grupos para as contagens de Pg, Td, Tf, e Bactérias totais ao longo de 1 ano. Contudo, a partir dos 3 meses, as contagens de Pg e Tf aumentaram significativamente em ambos os grupos. As contagens de Bactérias totais e Td foram mantidas longitudinalmente. Por outro lado, as contagens médias das espécies bacterianas alvo permaneceram em baixos níveis (≤ 103) durante todo o estudo. Paralelamente, os parâmetros clínicos foram mantidos sem alterações significativas. Conclusões: As intervenções de manutenção investigadas produziram resultados microbiológicos semelhantes ao longo do tempo, o que demonstra o grande e importante impacto do controle do biofilme supragengival durante a fase de MPP. / Aim: Compare the effects of supragingival scaling alone (SPG) against the combined supra and subgingival scaling (SPG+SBG), on subgingival microbiota from patients during periodontal maintenance period (PMP), along 1 year. Material and Methods: Sixty-two patients with moderate or severe periodontitis (mean age 50.97 ± 9.26, 40 females, 24 smokers) were treated according to a non-surgical protocol. Ended the therapy phase, they entered a PMP and were randomly allocated to receive SPG or SPG+SBG interventions. Periodontal exams, oral hygiene instructions, and the respective intervention (SPG or SPG+SBG) were performed at quarterly appointments. Subgingival biofilm was sampled at baseline, 3, 6 and 12 months. Real-time PCR technique was used to quantify the bacteria species Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Treponema denticola (Td), Tannerella forsythia (Tf), and Eubacteria domain (Total bacteria). Generalized estimating equations were used to estimate treatment effects while accounting for longitudinal evaluation. Results: No significant inter-groups differences were observed to Pg, Td, Tf, and Total bacteria counts over 1 year. However, from 3 months onward, Pg and Tf counts increased significantly in both groups. Total bacteria and Td counts were maintained overtime. Still, the mean counts of target bacteria species remained at low levels (≤ 103) throughout the study. In parallel, the clinical parameters were maintained without significant changes. Conclusions: The PMP interventions yielded similar microbiological results along time, demonstrating the great impact and importance of supragingival biofilm control during PMP.

A associação entre o período gestacional e o periodonto vem sendo relatada tendo diferentes plausibilidades biológicas. O periodonto é reconhecido como tecido alvo para a ação dos hormônios que têm seus níveis elevados ao longo da gestação. Uma alta prevalência de alterações periodontais tem sido relatada nesse período. Estudos recentes têm questionado a influência do período gestacional em produzir alterações significativas no periodonto. Atualmente, uma possível associação entre a presença de doenças periodontais na gestação e desfechos obstétricos tais como, o nascimento de bebês prematuros e/ou com baixo peso tem sido relatada na literatura. Para o planejamento de políticas de saúde que visem o bem estar das gestantes, bem como almejem a realização de procedimentos preventivos e terapêuticos é necessário o conhecimento de como esse período influência os diferentes órgãos, assim como diferentes condições sistêmicas e comportamentais podem interferir no curso fisiológico da gestação. Avaliar as alterações periodontais associadas a períodos com diferentes concentrações hormonais, tais como durante a gestação e no período pós-parto, assim como comparar a eficácia da terapia periodontal realizada durante a gestação com os resultados obtidos quando a mesma é executada após o parto foram os objetivos dessa tese. Gestantes com até 20 semanas de gestação realizando pré-natal no Hospital Materno Infantil Presidente Vargas, foram convidadas a participar do estudo e randomizadas em dois grupos (teste e controle). Exames clínicos avaliando a presença de placa (IPI), inflamação gengival (IG), presença de fatores retentivos de placa (FRP), profundidade de sondagem (PS), nível clínico de inserção(NIC), sangramento à sondagem (SS) e volume de fluido crevicular gengival (FCG) foram realizados no início do estudo e repetidos entre a 26-28ª semanas de gestação, 30 dias após o parto e 30 dias após a realização do tratamento periodontal para as mulheres randomizadas para o grupo controle. Após o exame inicial, as mulheres do grupo controle receberam somente 1 consulta de tratamento odontológico (padrão no hospital), tendo sido o tratamento completo realizado 30 dias após o parto. As mulheres pertencentes ao grupo teste receberam tratamento clínico e periodontal durante a gestação e foram examinadas nos mesmos momentos até 30 dias após o parto. Para as mulheres pertencentes ao grupo controle, alterações nos níveis de placa não foram observadas durante a gestação e 30 dias após o parto. Durante esse período observacional alterações estatisticamente significantes foram observadas para o IG, PS, NIC e SS. Profundidade de sondagem e SS tiveram comportamentos semelhantes, suas estimativas aumentaram durante a gestação(PS de 2.51 para 2.57mm) e (SS de 50.36 para 54.19%) e foram reduzidas após o parto (PS 2.52mm e SS 50.40%). O tratamento periodontal realizado nos dois períodos experimentais foi eficaz em restabelecer a saúde do periodonto. O percentual médio de SS após o tratamento no grupo teste foi de 11.10±7.84e no grupo controle de 8.07±5.21. Houve reduções estatisticamente significantes no IPI, IG, PS, SS e FCG nos dois grupos experimentais. Alterações no NIC não foram observadas. Entre os grupos as alterações clínicas observadas não foram estatisticamente significantes, com exceção no percentual médio de redução de SS em sítios que tinham inicialmente PS>=4mm. Pode ser concluído que durante o período gestacional alterações nos parâmetros inflamatórios relacionados ao periodonto foram observados no grupo controle. O significado clínico deve ser avaliado criticamente. A eficácia da terapia periodontal pode ser obtida de maneira similar quando o tratamento foi realizado durante a gestação ou no período pós-parto. / The association between gestational period and the periodontium has been related with different biological plausibilities. The periodontium is recognized as a target tissue for the action of the hormones whose levels increase during pregnancy. A high prevalence of periodontal alterations has been reported in that period. Recent studies recent have been questioning the influence of the gestational period in producing significant alterations in the periodontium. Currently, a possible association among the presence of periodontal diseases during pregnancy and negative obstetric outcomes such as preterm labor and/or low birth weight infants has been reported. For the planning of health policies that seek the well being of pregnant women, as well for achieving preventive and therapeutic measures it is necessary to know how this period influences different organs, as well as how different systemic and behavioral conditions may interfere in the physiologic course of pregnancy. To evaluate periodontal alterations associated periods with different hormonal concentrations such as during pregnancy and postpartum, as well comparing the efficacy of periodontal therapy performed during pregnancy with the results obtained when the same therapy is performed after delivery were the objectives this thesis. Pregnant women with up to 20 gestational weeks accomplishing prenatal care in the Hospital Materno Infantil Presidente Vargas were invited to participate in the study and randomized in two groups (test and control). Clinical examinations comprised the presence of plaque (PU), gingival inflammation(GI), presence of plaque retentive factors (FRP), probing depth(PD), clinical attchment levei (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP) and gingival crevicular fluid(CGF) volume and was Rerformed at baseline and repeated between 26-28th gestational weeks, 30 days after delivery and 30 days after the completion of periodontal treatment for women randomized for the control group. After baseline examination, women of the control group received only 1 session of dental treatment (hospital patter), with the comprehensive periodontal care performed 30 days after delivery. Women belonging to the test group received clinical and periodontal treatment during pregnancy and were examined in the same moments up 30 days after delivery. For the women belonging to the control group, alterations in the plaque levels were not observed during pregnancy and 30 days after delivery. During the observational period, statistically significant alterations were observed for GI, PO, CAL and BOP. Probing depth and SS behaved similary, with their estimates increasing during pregnancy (PD from 2.51 to 2.57mm) and (BOP from 50.36 to 54.19%) and reducing after delivery after delivery (PD 2.52mm and BOP 50.40%). Periodontal performed in both groups was efficacious in reestablishing periodontal health. The mean percentage of BOP after the treatment in the test group was of 11.10±7.84and in the control group was of 8.07±5.21. Statistically significant differences in PU,GI, PD, BOP and GCF were observed in both groups. Alterations in CAL were not observed. Among groups, the clinical alterations observed were not statistically significant, with the exception in the mean percent reduction of BOP in with PD>=4mm at baseline. It may be concluded that alterations in the inflammatory parameters related to periodontium were observed during pregnancy in the control group. The clinical significance of this finding should be critically appraised. The efficacy of periodontal therapy can be obtained similarly if the treatment is performed during pregnancy or after the delivery.

Introdução: Déficits cognitivos são parte integrante do quadro clinico da esquizofrenia. Vários estudos procuram métodos de treinamento cognitivo (remediação cognitiva) para melhora destes déficits, pouco responsivos ao tratamento medicamentoso. Ensaios clínicos de treinamento de remediação cognitiva utilizam diversas técnicas, com estimulação de vários domínios cognitivos simultaneamente. Muitos deles utilizam a técnica de errorless learning (aprendizagem sem erros). Pesquisas recentes indicam que alguns domínios cognitivos subjacentes à aprendizagem matemática (atenção, função executiva e memória de trabalho) estão também comprometidos na esquizofrenia. Entretanto não foram encontrados estudos de remediação cognitiva focados no treinamento aritmético em portadores de esquizofrenia. O método de cálculos aritméticos proposto pelo método Kumon utiliza técnica de aprendizagem sem erros e é amplamente utilizado como reforço pedagógico. Dois ensaios randomizados de remediação cognitiva através do método de cálculo aritmético Kumon em idosos sadios e em idosos com Alzheimer mostraram melhora de funções cognitivas com esta intervenção. Este estudo avaliou a eficácia do método de cálculos aritméticos Kumon como remediação cognitiva da memória de trabalho, função executiva e atenção na população com esquizofrenia. Método: 51 sujeitos com o diagnóstico de esquizofrenia (DSM-IV), de ambos os gêneros, idade entre 18 e 55 anos, alfabetizados foram incluídos e randomizados para treinamento de cálculos aritméticos pelo método Kumon (grupo experimental) ou atividades de recreação (grupo controle). Os sujeitos fizeram 48 sessões de intervenção ao longo de 6 meses. Os sujeitos foram avaliados através de uma bateria neuropsicológica, o desfecho clínico através da escala Escala de Síndromes Positiva e Negativa (PANSS) e funcionamento pessoal e social através da PSP no inicio da intervenção, após 6 meses (término da intervenção) e após 6 meses sem a intervenção. Resultados: O grupo experimental apresentou tendência de melhora em atenção sustentada (p=0.075), mas sem manutenção dos ganhos após 6 meses sem intervenção. Ambos os grupos apresentaram melhora em atenção seletiva e função executiva após 6 meses sem manutenção dos ganhos após 1 ano, sem diferenças entre os grupos. Não foram encontradas diferenças no funcionamento social entre os dois grupos e ao longo dos 12 meses de acompanhamento. Através da análise fatorial da PANSS utilizando 5 fatores (proposto por Van der Gaag 2006) não houve mudança significativa nos fatores ,,positivo\", ,,negativo\", ,,desorganização\" e ,,estresse emocional\" ao longo do tempo e entre os grupos. Apenas o grupo placebo demonstrou melhora significativa no fator \"excitação\" após 6 meses em comparação com o grupo experimental, que não persistiu após 6 meses sem intervenção. Conclusão: O treino cognitivo aritmético pelo método Kumon tende a melhorar a atenção sustentada após 6 meses, sem impacto na função executiva e na memória de trabalho. Esta tendência não se manteve após 6 meses sem intervenção / Introduction: Cognitive deficits are an integral part of the clinical picture of schizophrenia. Various studies seek cognitive training (cognitive remediation) methods in order to improve those deficits, which are poorly responsive to pharmacological treatment. Clinical trials of cognitive remediation training use a variety of techniques, with the stimulation of several cognitive domains simultaneously. Many of them employ the \"errorless learning\" technique. Recent research indicates that some cognitive domains underlying mathematical learning (attention, executive function and working memory) are also impaired in schizophrenia. However, no cognitive remediation studies were found focusing on arithmetic training in individuals with schizophrenia. The arithmetic calculation method proposed by Kumon employs the errorless learning technique and is widely used for supplemental education. Two randomized trials of cognitive remediation using the arithmetic calculation method Kumon with healthy elderly subjects as well as elderly subjects who had Alzheimer\'s disease showed cognitive function improvement with this intervention. The present study evaluated the effectiveness of the arithmetic calculation of the Kumon method as cognitive remediation for working memory, executive function and attention in a sample with schizophrenia. Method: 51 subjects with a diagnosis of schizophrenia (DSM-IV), male and female, literate, aged between 18-55 years, were included in the trial and randomized to arithmetic calculation training by the Kumon method (experimental group) or recreational activities (control group). The subjects received 48 intervention sessions over the course of 6 months. The subjects were evaluated through a neuropsychological battery; the clinical outcome was assessed by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), and personal and social functioning was evaluated using the Personal and Social Performance (PSP) scale at baseline, at 6 months (discontinuation of interventions) and after 6 months without interventions. Results: The experimental group tended to an improvement in sustained attention (p=0.075), yet this was not maintained after 6 months without interventions. Both groups showed improvements in selective attention and executive function at 6 months, which were not maintained after one year, with no differences between groups. No differences were found in social functioning between the groups and throughout the 12 follow-up months. The factor analysis of the 5-factor PANSS (as proposed by Van der Gaag, 2006) showed no significant change in the factors \"positive\", \"negative\", \"disorganization\" and \"emotional distress\" over time and between groups. Only the placebo group exhibited a significant improvement in the factor \"excitement\" after 6 months compared with the experimental group, which was not maintained after 6 months without interventions. Conclusion: The cognitive arithmetic training by the Kumon method tends to improve sustained attention after 6 months, with no impact on either executive function or working memory. This trend was not sustained after 6 months without interventions

A migrânea está relacionada às disfunções das estruturas da coluna cervical, impulsos aferentes desse local podem ser facilitadores ou mesmo gatilhos da dor. Tratamentos com manipulação cervical isolada e combinada a medicação já foram testados, porém os resultados são conflitantes. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o efeito adicional da fisioterapia ao tratamento medicamentoso da migrânea na frequência, intensidade e duração da dor de cabeça. Foram inclusas mulheres com migrânea, na faixa etária de 18 e 55 anos, com mínimo de 06 dias de dor por mês, e que apresentasse dor na região craniocervical através do relato. Cinquenta mulheres foram igualmente randomizadas para um dos dois grupos de tratamento, Grupo Fisioterapia (terapia manual + medicação) e Grupo Controle (medicação). O diagnóstico de migrânea foi realizado por uma única neurologista, segundo a Classificação Internacional de Cefaleias. Foram realizadas 12 sessões de terapia manual, duas vezes por semana, durante 50 minutos, por uma única fisioterapeuta. A avaliação, a reavaliação e follow-up foram cegos. Os desfechos primários de frequência, intensidade e duração da dor de cabeça, foram avaliados por meio do diário de dor; e secundários, Limiar de dor por pressão (Algômetro), incapacidade relacionada à cefaleia (Migraine disability assessment program) e a coluna cervical (Neck disability índex), Patient Health Questionnaire eight-item depression scale (PHQ-8), alodinia com Allodynia Sympton Checklist (ASC- /12) e satisfação com Patients Global Impression of Change Scale (PGIC). A análise foi realizada por intenção de tratamento e foi utilizado o Modelo Linear de efeitos mistos e para atribuir relevância clínica o Effect size (ES) e Mínima mudança importante (MID). Não foram observadas diferenças entre os grupos na avaliação inicial. O GF apresentou redução de 37% na frequência de dias de dor de cabeça comparado ao GC que apresentou 22% (p<0.05 e ES 0,4) e (p<0.05 e ES 0,3) respectivamente. Não foram observadas diferenças clínicas significativas entre os grupos na duração e na intensidade da dor de cabeça. Também foi observado aumento significativo (p<0,05) do limiar de dor por pressão, bem como maior satisfação e percepção de mudança da doença ao paciente (p<0,05) no GF em comparação ao GC. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas nos demais parâmetros avaliados. A redução do limiar de dor dos músculos cervicais com o tratamento fisioterapêutico promoveu um efeito benéfico adicional ao medicamentoso, com maior redução da frequência de dias de dor de cabeça e maior satisfação e percepção de melhora dos pacientes. REBEC nº RBR-6kvx74 / Migraine is related to disorders of the cervical spine structures, afferent impulses that location can be facilitators or even triggers pain. Treatments with cervical manipulation alone and combined medication have been tested, but results are conflicting. The aim of this study was to evaluate the additional effect of physical therapy to drug treatment of migraine in frequency, intensity and duration of headache. Women with migraine were included, aged 18 to 55 years, with a minimum of 06 days of pain per month and report of pain in the craniocervical region. Fifty women were equally randomized to one of the two treatment groups, Physiotherapy Group (manual therapy and medication) and control group (medication). The diagnosis of migraine was performed according to the International Classification of headache by a single neurologist. All subjects received similar medications. 12 sessions of manual therapy, twice per week, during for 50 minutes, were done by same physical therapist. The assessment, revaluation and follow-up were blind. The primary endpoints of frequency, intensity and duration of headache were evaluated through diary pain, and secondary endpoints like pain threshold pressure (algometer), headache related disability (Migraine disability assessment program) and cervical spine (Neck disability index), patient Health Questionnaire eight- item depression scale (PHQ-8), with the severity of Allodynia Sympton Checklist (ASC-12) and patients Global Impression of Change Scale to assess satisfaction and perception of patient changes as its disease condition. The analysis was by intention to treat and we used the linear mixed effects model. To assign the clinical relevance Effect size (ES) and Minimum important change (MID) were used. No differences between groups were observed at baseline. The PG showed a 37% reduction in the frequency of headache days compared to GC showed that 22 % (p<0.05 to ES0.4) and (p<0.05 to ES0.3) respectively. No clinically significant differences were observed between groups regarding the duration and intensity of the headache. Significant increase (p<0.05) pain threshold pressure was also observed, as well as greater satisfaction and changing perception of the disease to the patient (p<0.05) in the PG compared with the CG. No significant differences were observed in the other parameters. The reduction of the pain threshold of cervical muscles with physical therapy promoted a beneficial additional effect to medication, with greater reduction in frequency of headache days and greater satisfaction and perceived improvement of patients. REBEC no RBR - 6kvx74

Orientador: Enilson Antonio Sallum / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T18:53:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Moreira_AnaReginaOliveira_M.pdf: 1385721 bytes, checksum: d11464d4ccf02ff2d2d33193a7be737f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: O objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar o resultado clínico do retalho posicionado coronariamente associado (RPC) ou não a enxerto de matriz de colágeno de origem suína (MG) no tratamento de retrações gengivais localizadas. Para este estudo clínico controlado, randomizado, cego, foram selecionados 30 pacientes com retrações gengivais Classe I ou II de Miller ? 2 mm, em dentes caninos ou pré-molares superiores. Os 30 defeitos foram aleatoriamente designados para o grupo RPC ou para o grupo RPC+MG. Os parâmetros clínicos avaliados foram: profundidade de sondagem, nível de inserção clínico, altura e largura da retração gengival, altura e espessura de tecido queratinizado, altura e largura da papila interdental, hipersensibilidade dentinária e satisfação estética. As medidas clínicas foram tomadas imediatamente antes da cirurgia e 45 dias, 2, 3 e 6 meses após as cirurgias. Nenhuma diferença estatisticamente significante foi observada entre os grupos em relação à redução da retração gengival, embora tenha sido encontrada maior porcentagem de cobertura radicular no grupo RPC+MG (77,8%), quando comparado ao RPC (72,5%) (p<0,05). Cobertura radicular completa foi obtida em 40% dos sítios tanto no RPC quanto no grupo RPC+MG. Ao final do estudo, o ganho na espessura de tecido queratinizado foi 0,21 mm maior para o grupo RPC+MG (p<0,05). Nenhum dos tratamentos reduziu hipersensibilidade dentinária de forma significativa (p>0,05), mas resultaram em aumento estatisticamente significante na satisfação estética dos pacientes (p<0,05), sendo esta maior quando o MG não foi utilizado (p<0,05). Dentro dos limites do presente estudo pôde-se concluir que o RPC, associado ou não a MG, levou a redução significativa da retração gengival, sem diferença estatística entre os grupos. Entretanto, quando MG foi utilizado, houve ganhado adicional na espessura de tecido queratinizado / Abstract: The aim of this study was to compare the clinical outcome of the coronally advanced flap technique (CAF) associated or not to a porcine collagen matrix graft (MG) in the treatment of localized gingival recessions. For this blinded randomized controlled clinical trial, 30 patients with Miller Class I or II gingival recession ? 2 mm in canines or premolars were selected. The 30 defects were randomly assigned to the CAF group or to the CAF+MG group. The clinical parameters evaluated were probing depth, clinical attachment level, gingival recession height, gingival recession width, height and thickness of keratinized tissue, height and width of interdental papilla, dentin hypersensitivity and aesthetic satisfaction. Clinical measurements were taken at baseline and 45 days, 2, 3 and 6 months after surgery. No statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups regarding gingival recession reduction, although it was found the highest percentage of root coverage in CAF + MG group (77.8%) compared to the CAF alone (72.5%) (p<0.05). Complete root coverage was achieved in 40% of the sites in both CAF and CAF + MG group. At the end of the study, the gain in keratinized tissue thickness was 0.21 mm higher in CAF + MG group (p <0.05). None of the treatments significantly reduced dentin hypersensitivity (0>0.05), but resulted in increased patient-reported aesthetic satisfaction (p<0.05), which was higher when the MG was not used (p<0.05). Within the limits of this study, it can be concluded that CAF, with or without MG, resulted in significant gingival recession reduction, with no statistical difference between groups. However, when MG was used, there was additional gain in keratinized tissue thickness / Mestrado / Periodontia / Mestra em Clínica Odontológica

Introduction : L’allaitement maternel est recommandé par les instances nationales et internationales pour ses bénéfices sur la santé des mères et des enfants. Près de neuf mères sur dix initient l’allaitement au Québec. Pour celles qui arrêtent dans le premier mois, une sur deux met en cause des problèmes mécaniques de succion chez le bébé en dépit du support de consultantes en lactation (CL). Les ostéopathes, dans le monde entier, reçoivent ces bébés. Cependant, peu d’études scientifiques sont publiées sur la contribution de cette profession à ce sujet. L’objectif primaire de cette étude était de déterminer l’efficacité d’un traitement ostéopathique, couplé à des consultations d’allaitement usuelles, chez les nouveau-nés ayant des difficultés mécaniques de succion. Méthode : Un essai contrôlé randomisé en simple aveugle portant sur 97 dyades maman-bébé référées par des CL a été réalisé. Les dyades étaient réparties en deux groupes : intervention ostéopathique ou soins usuels. Quatre temps de mesure sur une période de 10 jours, ont permis de déterminer l’efficacité de la succion pré et post intervention, l’intensité de la douleur chez la mère ainsi que tout effets secondaires perçus. Les lésions ostéopathiques ont été colligées afin de dresser un profil. Des tests-t, des Chi-carrés ainsi que des modèles de régression ont permis l’analyse des différences entre les deux groupes à l’étude. Résultats : Les bébés ayant reçu l’intervention ostéopathique ont montré une efficacité de succion cliniquement et statistiquement supérieure au groupe de soins usuels (p<0.001). Les analyses n’ont pas montré de différence statistiquement significative entre les groupes quant à la douleur ressentie par la mère aux différents temps de mesure. Cependant, à 3 jours post intervention, les mères du groupe intervention ont perçu une diminution significative de leur douleur (p=0.001). Un profil des bébés recrutés a pu être dressé avec des dysfonctions en postérieur du crâne chez 84,5% d’entre eux. Aucun effet secondaire grave ni sévère n’a été rapporté. Conclusion : L’ostéopathie couplée à un suivi par des CL, semble une approche prometteuse pour les dyades mère-bébé ayant des difficultés mécaniques de succion. D’autres recherches seraient à prévoir pour bonifier l’intervention ostéopathique en terme de moment, de bébés pouvant profiter de ce type de suivi, et aussi la documentation des zones en lésion. / Abstract: Background: National and international policies recommend breastfeeding for its benefits on mothers’ and infants’ health. In Quebec, almost nine out of ten mothers initiate breastfeeding with their baby but half of these stop during the first month, due to biomechanical sucking difficulties, and this, despite increasing support from lactation consultants (LC). Osteopaths worldwide work with these babies, but there is little empirical evidence for this type of treatment. The primary objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of an osteopathic treatment coupled with usual lactation consultations on infants’ identified as having biomechanical sucking difficulties. Methods: A single blind randomized controlled trial including 97 mother-infant dyads referred by LC. The dyads were randomized into two groups: osteopathic intervention or usual care. Four measurement times over a 10-day period (pre and post intervention) allowed for the determination of the babies’ ability to latch, the intensity of pain felt by mothers as well as any perceived side effects. Osteopathic lesions were documented in an effort to establish a profile T-tests and Chi-square tests as well as regression models were used to compare groups. Results: Babies having received the osteopathic intervention showed a clinically and statistically significant increase (p<0.001) in their ability to latch compared to the usual care group. Analyses did not show any statistically significant difference between groups with regard to the pain felt by mothers at the different measurement times. However, 3 days post intervention, the mothers in the intervention group perceived a significant decrease in their level of pain (p=0.001). A profile of osteopathic dysfunctions in these babies was generated with 84,5% of them found to have a posterior skull dysfunction. No serious or severe side effects were reported. Conclusion: Osteopathic treatment coupled with lactation consultations seem to be a promising avenue for mother-infant dyads with biomechanical sucking dysfunctions. Further research is needed to optimize osteopathic treatment in terms of targeting babies, timing and duration of interventions and also to better document and standardize areas with osteopathic lesions.

Bakgrund: Akupunktur är en gammal behandlingsmetod, beräknad ungefär 4100 år gammal och kommer från Kina. Elektroakupunktur är en något nyare behandlingsmetod där man för ström mellan nålarna. Denna behandlingsmetod används främst av fysioterapeuter. Behandlingarna som fysioterapeuten utför kräver ett vetenskapligt stöd, därför finns ett behov att granska den litteratur som behandlingsmetoden grundas på. Inom forskning och verksamhet använder man olika namn för denna metod, både “electroacupuncture” och “percutaneouselectricalnervestimulation” (PENS). Ryggsmärta är ett vanligt problem bland världens befolkning, det är beräknat att upptill 70% av befolkningen kommer någon gång i sitt liv uppleva ryggssmärta. Det är även beräknat att vara den vanligaste smärtförekomsten. Om elektroakupunktur fungerar mot ländryggssmärta kan terapeuter använda denna behandlingsmetod. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka vilket vetenskapligt stöd det finns för elektroakupunktur som behandlingsmetod vid ländryggssmärta. Metod: En systematisk sökning utfördes i databaserna CinAHL, PubMed, PEDro, Scopus och Web of Science angående elektroakupunktur och ländryggssmärta. Sökorden som användes var “electroacupuncture”, “lowback pain ”, “percuteaneous electricalnervestimulation” och “randomized controlled trial”. Resultat: Sammanlagt 15 RCT – studier inkluderades i denna studie. Sammanlagt 11 av 15 studier fann signifikanta skillnader i resultat. 8 studier behandlade kronisk ländryggssmärta, 4 behandlade diskogena besvär och resterande 3 behandlade andra ryggdiagnoser. Elektroakupunktur har visat ge en smärtlindring vid ländryggssmärta. Konklusion: Samtliga inkluderade studier fann smärtlindring av behandlingen, dock visade inte alla signifikanta skillnader. Det finns även metodologiska brister i den befintliga litteraturen vilket innebär att bör se resultaten kritiskt. Mer forskning inom området behövs.

abstract: Introduction: A diet high in fermented, oligio-, di-, monosaccharide, and polyols (FODMAP) has been shown to exacerbate symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Previous literature has shown significant improvement in IBS symptoms after adherence to a low FODMAP diet (LFD). However, dietary adherence to the LFD is difficult with patients stating that information provided by healthcare providers (HCPs) is generalized and nonspecific requiring them to search for supplementary information to fit their needs. Notably, studies that have used a combination of online and in-person methods for treatment have shown improved adherence to the LFD. Objective: To determine whether a novel artificial intelligence (AI) dietary mobile application will improve adherence to the LFD compared to a standard online dietary intervention (CON) in populations with IBS or IBS-like symptoms over a 4- week period. Methods: Participants were randomized into two groups: APP or CON. The intervention group was provided access to an AI mobile application, a dietary resource verified by registered dietitians which uses artificial intelligence to individualize dietary guidance in real-time with the ability to scan menus and barcodes and provide individuals with food scores based on their dietary preferences. Primary measures included mobile app engagement, dietary adherence, and manifestation of IBS-like symptoms. Baseline Results: A total of 58 participants were randomized to groups. This is an ongoing study and this thesis details the methodology and baseline characteristics of the participants at baseline and intervention start. Validation of the application could improve the range of offerings for lifestyle diseases treatable through dietary modification. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Nutrition 2020