The enrolment of international students at Canadian institutions of higher learning has tripled to 318,153 in 2018/2019 from 101,304 in 2008/2009 (Statistics Canada, 2020). Similarly, the number of international students in B.C.’s post-secondary institutions has significantly risen (BC Council on Admissions & Transfer, 2019). A significant proportion of these international students for whom English is an additional language first encounter Canadian higher education through their enrolment in English-for-academic-purposes (EAP) programs, which prepare students for English-language coursework and offer a path for enrolment at Canadian institutions without an institution’s required documentation of English language proficiency. For international English-as-an-additional-language (EAL) students who initially enrol in EAP programs in order to later pursue higher studies in Canada, reading a variety of academic texts can be challenging, since reading comprehension “involves the ability to integrate various sources of information in order to construct” meaning (Li & D’Angelo, 2016, p. 159). To facilitate reading comprehension, second language (L2) researchers have identified a variety of reading strategies, and extensive research has been conducted to examine the efficacy of reading strategy instruction. However, the research on the effect of reading strategy instruction remains inconclusive due to the interplay of various contextual and individual variables (e.g., Cohen, 2011; Plonsky, 2011). This study reports a mixed methods-action research project involving 52 intermediate-level EAP students conducted to investigate the efficacy of L2 reading strategy instruction at a post-secondary institution in Canada. Implemented through five phases: diagnosing, reconnoitering, planning, acting, and evaluation (Ivankova, 2015), the study used Mokhtari and Sheorey’s (2002) Survey of Reading Strategies (SORS) to capture the participants’ reading strategy use and a standardized reading comprehension test to measure the participants’ reading comprehension abilities. Further, participants’ weekly post-task verbal reflections and post-intervention interviews provided qualitative data about learners’ use of reading strategies over time. Through both qualitative (i.e., content analysis) and quantitative data analyses (i.e., descriptive statistics, paired-sample t-test, Pearson’s correlation, and MANOVA tests), the results showed higher awareness and use of reading strategies and reading performance among the participants after the intervention. In strategy use and reading comprehension, the experimental groups that received reading strategy instruction outperformed the comparison group that simply received regular instruction on reading with no instruction on strategy use. Statistically significant correlations were found between participants’ overall strategy use and reading performance. The analysis of the qualitative data revealed that the participants used a wide variety of global, problem-solving, and support reading strategies depending on reading academic texts in English. / Graduate

This study investigates the incorporation of literature in teaching practices in English as a second language (ESL) and its influence on education. It explores how teachers integrate literature reading into their instruction, the materials they choose, the underlying purposes, and the assessment methods employed. The research aims to uncover teachers' strategies for promoting literature reading and their perspectives on the value of literature in schools. Through a qualitative approach, semi-structured interviews were conducted with five teachers from two municipalities in Skane, Sweden, ensuring a diverse range of perspectives and experiences. The findings highlight the various approaches adopted by teachers when promoting literature reading. While some actively employ strategies to engage students with literature, others may not prioritize its use. The study also reveals divergent viewpoints regarding the value of literature in education. While some teachers recognize its ability to foster critical thinking, empathy, and cultural understanding, others may consider it less relevant compared to other academic subjects. These findings have significant implications for educational practices, emphasizing the importance of effective strategies to integrate literature into teaching. Such integration can enhance students' reading skills and overall educational experience. By grasping teachers' perspectives and approaches, educational institutions can promote a comprehensive and impactful use of literature in the classroom.

Studiens syfte är att få en inblick i hur verksamma svensklärare i årskurs 4–6 arbetar med värdegrundsarbete och lässtrategier under skönlitterär läsförståelseundervisning. Tidigare forskning beskriver skönlitteratur som ett bra läromedel för värdegrundsarbete samtidigt som den synliggör brister kring värdegrundsarbete i samband med skönlitterär läsning i skolverksamheten.Lässtrategier är ett omdebatterat ämne gällande nyttan av att ha dessa kunskaper. Genom intervjuer med tre verksamma svensklärare har studiens data samlats in för att få en överblick i hur de använder skönlitteraturen som en utgångspunkt för både värdegrundsarbete och lässtrategier. Den insamlade datan har bidragit med deras åsikter om värdegrundsarbete, lässtrategier och utmaningar som finns inom skönlitterär läsförståelse. Utifrån intervjuerna kan slutsatser kring hur de uppfattar undervisning av skönlitteratur kopplat till både värdegrundsarbete och lässtrategier göras, samt vilka utmaningar som utmärker sig. Skönlitteratur är ett bra läromedel för att prata om olika situationer där värdegrund spelar en stor roll. Lärarna ser dessutom en positiv utveckling av elevers läsförståelse med hjälp av att tillämpa olika lässtrategier.Den tidigare forskningen visar problematik kring lässtrategier och bedömning av elevers läsförståelse. Studiens lärare både bekräftar och dementerar forskningens problematik kring områdena men uppmärksammar även andra problem som att det är tidskrävande och att resurser som behövs inte finns tillgängliga.

Reading ability impacts “high stakes” standardized tests that science students need to graduate, to enter college or to enter the work force. As a result, the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) require science teachers to implement vocabulary techniques amongst other reading strategies for improved content comprehension and test performance. Simple linear regression was applied to determine the effect of average ACT reading scores on average ACT science scores. Path analysis was utilized to explain the impact of science teacher self-efficacy (X1SEFF) and teaching of important terms/facts (N1TERMS) on average ACT reading scores (AVGACTREAD) and average ACT science scores (AVGACTSCI). Those students who have higher average ACT reading scores tend to have higher average ACT science scores. Path coefficients showed that for every standard deviation in X1SEFF, AVGAVTREAD scores increased by .25 standard deviation units. Also, for every standard deviation in X1SEFF, AVGACTSCI scores increased by .20 standard units. On the other hand, science teachers’ emphasis on important science terms produced a statistically nonsignificant negative relationship with students’ average ACT reading scores and average ACT science scores. Thus, for every standard deviation in N1TERMS, AVGACTREAD scores decrease by -.09 standard units. Additionally, for every standard deviation in N1TERMS, AVGACTSCI scores decrease by -.06 standard units. The results implied that when science teachers feel confident about their ability to teach science, there students’ standardized reading and science t est scores are higher. On the other hand, when science teachers placed moderate to heavy emphasis on teaching important science terms and facts, science students’ standardized test scores decreased. As a result, quality professional development on effective reading strategies particularly vocabulary could improve science teachers’ instructional practices on teaching science terms and facts to improve students’ standardized test scores.

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論文提要內容：由於電腦科技的進步，多媒體光碟課體已應用在外語的學習；這種全新的媒體會不會直接或間接影響閱讀策略之使用，及閱讀理解之能力？是本研究所關心並感興趣的主題。 這個研究主要是觀察六十位以英語為外語學習目標的學生，他們在閱讀電腦光碟及閱讀書面時，如何使用閱讀策略？研究的方法包括出聲思考及實驗比較兩種方式。結果發現，使用資源型(resourcing)閱讀策略比傳統閱讀策略(local-meaning-getting, global-meaning-getting, monitoring/ regulatory reading strategies)來得多；但書面閱讀的閱讀理解能力表現卻比多媒體閱讀來得好。 所以，語言學習者不應該太仰賴那些不須自己花太多功夫，隨手可得的線上資源型閱讀策略；然而多媒體閱讀課體仍可以提供讀者很多相關背景知識來輔助他們閱讀。因此閱讀策略的教學應該列入語言教師的教學計畫裏，傳統閱讀策略的使用應該在閱讀中被視為一個很重要而且根本的元素，資源型閱讀策略是無法取代它們的。 透過這個研究，我們希望提供一些實證資料及有用的建議給語言學習者，讓他們利用電腦科技來成功地學習語言。 / Due to the advancement of computer technology, multimedia CD-ROM courseware is applied to foreign language learning. Will this brand-new media directly bring about an impact on reading strategies and indirectly make a contribution to reading comprehension? This is the main concern and interest of the study. The study investigated how 60 EFL students used reading strategies in CD-ROM and in printed context. The research methods included think-aloud protocol and experimental comparison approach. It was found that resourcing strategies are used more than the traditional reading strategies, that is, local-meaning-getting, gtobal-meaning-getting, and monitoring/ regulatory strategies. However, the reading comprehension performance in paper reading is better than that in multimedia reading. Thus, language. learners should be taught not to refer to on-line resourcing strategies too much without exercising efforts themselves, but they can take much background knowledge from reading courseware to facilitate their reading. The instruction of reading strategies should be included in the teaching programs of language teachers. Traditional reading strategies ought to be regarded as a fundamental element in reading and can not be replaced by resourcing strategies. Through this study, it is hoped that learning language with computer technology can bring a success to language learners by providing empirical data and useful suggestions.

Reading is considered to be a vital skill for academic success, yet it is seldom taught to or practised with students. Students begin to `read to learn' during primary and secondary schooling. However, at tertiary level the academic demands are much greater than before and involve more extensive reading of conceptually more complex texts. This study investigates the implementation of an intensive reading programme for post-matric English Second Language Science students, based on the assumption that reading improves reading. In addition, this study investigates the effect that reading ability has on academic performance in Science, which relies inter alia, on the ability to read, comprehend and interpret word problems. An intervention group and a control group were used to ascertain the effects of an intensive reading programme and the findings suggest that any reading (intensive or extensive) improves reading and language skills. This in turn impacts on academic performance in Science, if students have an ability in Science to begin with. / Linguistics / MA - SP APPLIED LINGUISTICS

Many L2 students in Namibia are not adequately prepared for the academic demands of university courses, mainly because of poor reading skills in the L2. University students reading below their maturational levels, can mainly be attributed to their print-impoverished backgrounds, as reading is a skill that develops mainly through reading. Without any assistance, poor readers at university will continue to read poorly and as a result perform weaker in their academic courses compared to their peers who are better readers. The overall aim of this study is to explore the effects of a reading intervention program on a group of university students in Namibia. A quasiexperimental method with a control and an intervention group was employed. The effect of reading ability on academic performance was also investigated. In addition, through a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods, the pre-literacy experiences of students, the differences between good and poor readers at university, their views about the reading intervention program as well as the attitudes and practices of university lecturers towards reading instruction at tertiary level were examined. / Linguistics / M.A. (with specialisation in Applied Linguistics)

Submitted by SBI Biblioteca Digital (sbi.bibliotecadigital@puc-campinas.edu.br) on 2017-10-04T13:00:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 SIMONE ALVES PEDERSEN.pdf: 2829069 bytes, checksum: 7fdf0c308b9011e695fe37e352c61e19 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-04T13:00:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SIMONE ALVES PEDERSEN.pdf: 2829069 bytes, checksum: 7fdf0c308b9011e695fe37e352c61e19 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-09 / The children's literature has been the object of much research in the reader?s development and has generated interest in several areas. In this study, it was assumed that the procedures used by teachers and the selection of literature books are essential elements for the development of the reader. Based on that, this master degree research, entitled "The Continued Formation of Teachers and Literature: strategies of reading and selection of literature book", had as a research problem the following question: the exploration of strategies of reading and selection of literature books, in a teaching training, can assist the participating teachers in their work with reading? The general objective was to verify if there were changes in the teachers' practice of exploration of reading modes, strategies of reading and selection of literature books. The specific objectives were to implement a reading course for teachers, to introduce self-regulation of reading, to discuss the selection of literary works for use in the classroom and to analyze the extent to which the participants applied the knowledge built in the course. The methodology adopted in this qualitative research with principles of action-strategic research, was constituted initially of national and international bibliographical survey. A reading course for teachers was offered to 12 teachers and 4 coordinators of the municipal network of a municipality in the state of S?o Paulo. During the 4 meetings, in a total of 9 hours, independent reading, double reading, close reading and other reading strategies were presented, based on the self-regulation and the studies of Social Cognitive Theory. The instruments used were: field diary, questionnaire, narrative and semi-structured interview. The participants of the research applied the content of the formative course, in the classroom. There was an exchange of experiences about reading and use of literary books in the classroom, which made it possible to think and rethink practices, to hear about the experience of other teachers and to narrate successes and challenges that are part of reading teaching. The data were analyzed by the content analysis and the implications of these analyzes showed that there were changes in the reading practices used by the participants in the classroom, there was an increase in reading comprehension with teaching practices that prioritized the student's role and there were also changes in the participants' conception of children?s literature and their selection. International research shows that self-regulation of reading, using reading strategies under the light of Social Cognitive Theory, is a promising path for the promotion of competent and critical readers. However, studies on self-regulation of reading practically do not exist in our country. / A literatura infantil tem sido objeto de muitas pesquisas na forma??o do leitor e tem gerado interesse em diversas ?reas. Nesse estudo, partiu-se do pressuposto de que os procedimentos utilizados pelos docentes e a sele??o de obras s?o elementos essenciais para a forma??o do leitor. Diante desse contexto, essa pesquisa de mestrado denominada A Forma??o Continuada de Professores e a Literatura: estrat?gias de leitura e sele??o de obra prop?s por problema de pesquisa a seguinte quest?o: a explora??o de estrat?gias de leitura e sele??o de obras, em um curso de forma??o continuada, pode auxiliar os professores participantes em seu trabalho com leitura? O objetivo geral foi verificar se houve mudan?as na pr?tica dos professores sobre a explora??o de modos de leitura, estrat?gias de leitura e sele??o de obras no trabalho com leitura. Os objetivos espec?ficos foram implementar um modelo de forma??o continuada em leitura, apresentar a autorregula??o da leitura, discutir a sele??o das obras liter?rias para uso em sala de aula e analisar em que medida as participantes aplicaram o conhecimento constru?do na forma??o. A metodologia adotada nessa pesquisa qualitativa com princ?pios da pesquisa a??o-estrat?gica constituiu-se, inicialmente, de levantamento bibliogr?fico nacional e internacional. Ministrou-se um curso de forma??o continuada para 12 professoras e 4 coordenadoras da rede municipal de um munic?pio do estado de S?o Paulo. Durante os 4 encontros, no total de 9 horas, apresentaram-se a leitura independente, leitura em dupla, close reading e outras estrat?gias de leitura, a partir dos pressupostos te?ricos da autorregula??o, pautados nos estudos da Teoria Social Cognitiva. Os instrumentos utilizados foram: di?rio de campo, question?rio, narrativa e entrevista semiestruturada. As participantes da pesquisa aplicaram o conte?do dos encontros formativos, em sala de aula. Houve troca de experi?ncias sobre leitura e uso de obras liter?rias durante os encontros, que possibilitaram o pensar e repensar pr?ticas, ouvir sobre a experi?ncia de outros professores e narrar sucessos e desafios que fazem parte da doc?ncia e da leitura. Os dados foram analisados a partir da an?lise de conte?do, e as infer?ncias decorrentes dessas an?lises mostraram que houve mudan?as quanto ?s pr?ticas de leitura usadas pelas participantes em sala de aula, houve aumento da compreens?o leitora com pr?ticas docentes que priorizam o protagonismo do aluno e houve, tamb?m, mudan?as na concep??o das participantes sobre as obras liter?rias e sua sele??o. Pesquisas internacionais demonstram que a autorregula??o da leitura, por meio do uso de estrat?gias de leitura sob a luz da teoria sociocognitiva, ? um caminho promissor para a promo??o de leitores competentes e cr?ticos. Todavia, estudos sobre a autorregula??o da leitura praticamente inexistem em nosso pa?s.