Public library services are evolving in response to the changing informational needs and behaviours of the citizens of the knowledge society. Reference statistics are declining and the move to self-service, virtual reference and an increasing use of mediating information and communication technologies calls into question the ongoing role of human, face-to-face information interaction at the public library’s front-line reference “desk”. An ethnographic case study of face-to-face adult reference service was conducted in a large Canadian urban public library. Over 8 months during 2006, a pilot study was conducted, followed by 170 hours of observations at the reference desks in three branch libraries of varying sizes and semi-structured interviews with front-line reference staff, library managers and reference service clients. 480 reference interactions were documented and policy documents were reviewed. An inductive staged process of analytical abstraction, a narrative approach to the interpretations and a critical reflexivity as participant researcher were employed. The main contribution of this study is the articulation of a practice framework for understanding and studying the reference service within the public library as organization. Sharing knowledge, finding meaning and learning are the outcomes of this epistemic practice. A typology of four reference encounters characterized in three dimensions of interpersonal communication; information exchange and mode of practice is detailed. This study challenges previous interpretations of reference services as a transactional, unitized question-answer activity and depicts it in a larger context as an interactional, relational set of activities that altogether characterize an epistemic practice. The three dimensions of structure (library organization), agency (reference staff and clients) and objects (library collections) anchor this conceptual framework – they are interdependent dimensions interacting to illuminate a robust understanding of face-to-face reference service. This study responds to previous research in which the reference process is studied separately from its social practice and its structural-organizational contexts.

Public library services are evolving in response to the changing informational needs and behaviours of the citizens of the knowledge society. Reference statistics are declining and the move to self-service, virtual reference and an increasing use of mediating information and communication technologies calls into question the ongoing role of human, face-to-face information interaction at the public library’s front-line reference “desk”. An ethnographic case study of face-to-face adult reference service was conducted in a large Canadian urban public library. Over 8 months during 2006, a pilot study was conducted, followed by 170 hours of observations at the reference desks in three branch libraries of varying sizes and semi-structured interviews with front-line reference staff, library managers and reference service clients. 480 reference interactions were documented and policy documents were reviewed. An inductive staged process of analytical abstraction, a narrative approach to the interpretations and a critical reflexivity as participant researcher were employed. The main contribution of this study is the articulation of a practice framework for understanding and studying the reference service within the public library as organization. Sharing knowledge, finding meaning and learning are the outcomes of this epistemic practice. A typology of four reference encounters characterized in three dimensions of interpersonal communication; information exchange and mode of practice is detailed. This study challenges previous interpretations of reference services as a transactional, unitized question-answer activity and depicts it in a larger context as an interactional, relational set of activities that altogether characterize an epistemic practice. The three dimensions of structure (library organization), agency (reference staff and clients) and objects (library collections) anchor this conceptual framework – they are interdependent dimensions interacting to illuminate a robust understanding of face-to-face reference service. This study responds to previous research in which the reference process is studied separately from its social practice and its structural-organizational contexts.

In 1995 a survey was made at six public libraries in the county of Ostergotland in order to examine the reference service and the use of reference collections. In this paper the methods of the survey are described and the results from two libraries in Norrkoping and Linkoping are being analysed. In the survey several methods were used. During a fortnight observations were made of the use of reference books by the visitors in the reference section. The books were listed. The librarians work at the information desk were also observed at the same time and the librarians wrote all their transactions down as well as their use of reference tools. Two questionnaires were distributed, one to the visitors at the reference section, one to the visitors at the information desk. The results in short: The collections of reference books were extensive, old and not so well used. The visitors used these collections more than the librarians (6-7% versus 1-2%). The location of the reference books means much to the use. The users of reference books are mostly students. There are many questions asked by the visitors and often queus are formed at the information desk . Most questions are simple to solve and depending on diffculties of the visitors to find the books on the right shelves. Both libraries have small assets and shortages in the collections make requested books and subjects hard to find for the visitors. At the information desk there are a lot of other transactions than reference questions like selling, reservations, Pc-help and so on. The librarians used the library catalogue in nearly half of the questions but that was the only reference tool which was used more than marginal. The visitors at the reference desk were mostly students but there were no big differences between students frequency and the general public. Finally the survey shows that the quality of the reference service can and must be improved. There are needs for organisational changes as well as further education of the staff. The libraries in the survey need to focus on the customer's quality more to improve their reference service.

O presente trabalho consistiu em investigar e refletir, sob o ponto de vista clínico, a respeito do processo de implantação de um serviço de Psicologia clínica voltada à saúde da pessoa idosa, num centro de referência do idoso da cidade de São Paulo, contemplado no Sistema Único de Saúde, o SUS. O interesse por esta pesquisa foi despertado pela necessidade de se compreender as demandas específicas desse tipo de população, para buscar manejos adequados ao atendimento clínico do idoso. Empregamos como método de investigação a pesquisa-ação, que serviu para apresentação e análise das ações propostas ao longo da criação do serviço de Psicologia frente às problemáticas e necessidades clínicas dessa população. A fim de tecer considerações teóricas e clínicas sobre o processo de implantação e a especificidade dessa clínica, partimos da teoria psicanalítica winnicottiana sobre o processo maturacional, das contribuições de Safra e da noção do conceito de perdão em Arendt. Assim, a partir da experiência de implantação e da reflexão desse processo, chegamos a uma concepção de clínica do envelhecimento, a qual contempla alguns eixos clínicos, tais como: 1) a necessidade de a pessoa idosa, na velhice, contar com um ambiente de alteridade que oferte e sustente um lugar ético de interlocução para revisão do sentido da vida; 2) uma clínica oriunda do diálogo contínuo acerca da desconstrução do self e da elaboração dos lutos, aspectos estes que favorecem a possibilidade de o idoso acolher a velhice e a sua própria morte como respostas ao percurso de vida; 3) a necessidade de se viver as várias facetas do perdão, como oportunidade de abrir novos espaços, a fim de sonhar um fim último possível e destinar a continuidade da vida para as futuras gerações; 4) a urgência de reflexões clínicas quando as necessidades acima descritas não são possíveis e se instauram situações de adoecimento e intensas agonias; 5) a presença do clínico como testemunho da vida e da morte / This work investigated and reflected, in light of a clinical view, about the implementation process of a Psychological Clinic Service that focused on the health of the elderly, in a reference centre for the aged in the city of São Paulo, contemplated by Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). The interest for this specific research arose due to the need to understand the specific demands of this population, in order to search for proper management for the elderly therapy setting. Action research was the investigation method chosen to present and analyze the actions proposed throughout the design of the Psychology Service, considering the problems and the needs of this particular population. For the theoretical and clinical considerations about the implementation process and the setting specificity, we addressed the Winnicottian Psychoanalytic Theory about the maturational process, the contributions of Safra and the concept of forgiveness from Arendt. Therefore, having as starting points the implementation experience and the reflection on the process, we conceive the concept of the ageing clinic that addresses some clinical axis, such as: 1) the necessity of the elderly, at the old age, to rely on an environment of alterity that provides and supports an ethical space of interaction to revisit the meaning of life; 2) a clinic that continuously establishes a dialogue with the deconstruction of the self and the elaboration of mournings, aspects that create room for the elderly to welcome old age and their own death as part of the life course; 3) the need to live the various aspects of forgiveness, as an opportunity to open new spaces, in order to dream with a possible end and ensure life continuity to the future generations; 4) the call for clinical reflections when the needs previously described are not possible, and when we have situations of illnesses and intense agony; 5) the presence of the clinician as a testimony of life and death

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No. of bitstreams: 1 Texto Dissertação 19_08_2014.pdf: 6873636 bytes, checksum: 0da192bb47f6068fb0ae55317e8ab051 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-18 / Item merged in doublecheck by Juliano Benedito Ferreira (julianoferreira@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2017-03-28T19:39:25Z Item was identical to item(s): 108486, 112974 at handle(s): http://hdl.handle.net/11449/110289, http://hdl.handle.net/11449/113866 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Desde o seu surgimento, a Internet, e nela a Web, têm se popularizado de maneira a tornar-se tecnologia essencial de informação e comunicação, tanto nos países desenvolvidos, quanto em países emergentes. Com o advento da Web Colaborativa, as bibliotecas acadêmicas no mundo todo têm enfrentado o desafio de continuamente repensar a maneira como seus serviços vêm sendo disponibilizados de forma a atingir seus usuários, em especial a geração dos nativos digitais. Nesse contexto de dinamicidade tecnológica surgiu a biblioteca denominada 2.0, que passou a oferecer Serviços de Referência Virtual (SRV) disponibilizando em seus sites, dentre outros serviços, a possibilidade de se comunicar com o bibliotecário através de email e posteriormente chats (ou mensagem instantânea) em tempo real. Este estudo objetivou primeiramente apresentar e delinear as características de um software gratuito de videoconferência e chat que usa tecnologia VoiP utilizado para referência em bibliotecas norte-americanas. Encontrou-se que, embora esse software tenha sido implantando em várias bibliotecas universitárias norte-americanas, com o tempo, essas decidiram por descontinuar o seu uso. Portanto, o foco do estudo se ampliou para a análise dos software para os quais essas bibliotecas migraram e as características dos seus sistemas. Analisa-se também as iniciativas de bibliotecas de universidades brasileiras que implantaram o SRV por meio de chat, os software que estão utilizando atualmente e os fatores considerados por essas instituições no momento da decisão pela implantação do sistema. A permissão para a tradução para a língua portuguesa do guia de Boas Práticas, Políticas e Procedimentos do QuestionPoint 24/7 foi obtida a fim de complementar esse estudo e nortear as bibliotecas brasileiras desejosas de disponibilizar o SRV via chat. A metodologia de pesquisa consistiu em um aporte teórico realizado a partir da literatura produzida nacional e internacionalmente sobre o tema, bem como pesquisa exploratória e observações participantes nos sites de bibliotecas universitárias brasileiras e norte-americanas que disponibilizam o SRV via chat. Este estudo concluiu que o SRV via chat traz benefícios à comunidade e coloca a biblioteca em consonância com as demandas tecnológicas de informação e comunicação sendo apropriado à realidade de bibliotecas acadêmicas brasileiras. Ainda, descobriu que algumas bibliotecas norte-americanas estão fazendo o uso de um software para oferecer o que chamam de Serviço de Referência Proativo. / Since its development, the Internet, and the Web in it, has gained popularity and become core technology of information and communication, both in developed countries and emerging countries. With the advent of Collaborative Web, academic libraries worldwide have faced the challenge of continually rethink the way their services is being made available to achieve its patrons, especially the generation of digital natives. In this context of technological dynamism, Library 2.0 arose, offering Virtual Reference Service (VRS), making available on their websites, among other services, the possibility to communicate with the librarian via email and then chat (or Instant Message) in real time. This study aimed primarily to present and outline the features of a free chat and video chat software that uses VoIP technology used for reference in U.S. libraries. It was found that although this software had been used by several U.S. academic libraries, with time, these institutions decided to discontinue its use. Therefore, the focus of the study was extended to the analysis of the software for which those libraries migrated and the features of their systems. The study also analyses the initiatives of Brazilian academic libraries that have implemented the SRV via chat, the software they are currently using and the factors considered by these institutions when deciding the implementation. Permission to translate QuestionPoint 24/7 Best Practices, Policies and Procedures into Portuguese was obtained in order to complement this study and guide the Brazilian libraries wishing to provide the VRS chat. The research methodology consisted of a theoretical contribution from the literature produced nationally and internationally on the topic, as well as exploratory research and participant observations on the Brazilian and American university libraries which offer the SRV chat on their website. This study concluded that VRS via chat brings benefits to the community and puts the library in line with the technological demands of information and communication therefore it is appropriate to the reality of Brazilian academic libraries. In addition, the investigation found out that some American libraries are making use of software to offer what is being called Proactive Reference Service.

O presente trabalho consistiu em investigar e refletir, sob o ponto de vista clínico, a respeito do processo de implantação de um serviço de Psicologia clínica voltada à saúde da pessoa idosa, num centro de referência do idoso da cidade de São Paulo, contemplado no Sistema Único de Saúde, o SUS. O interesse por esta pesquisa foi despertado pela necessidade de se compreender as demandas específicas desse tipo de população, para buscar manejos adequados ao atendimento clínico do idoso. Empregamos como método de investigação a pesquisa-ação, que serviu para apresentação e análise das ações propostas ao longo da criação do serviço de Psicologia frente às problemáticas e necessidades clínicas dessa população. A fim de tecer considerações teóricas e clínicas sobre o processo de implantação e a especificidade dessa clínica, partimos da teoria psicanalítica winnicottiana sobre o processo maturacional, das contribuições de Safra e da noção do conceito de perdão em Arendt. Assim, a partir da experiência de implantação e da reflexão desse processo, chegamos a uma concepção de clínica do envelhecimento, a qual contempla alguns eixos clínicos, tais como: 1) a necessidade de a pessoa idosa, na velhice, contar com um ambiente de alteridade que oferte e sustente um lugar ético de interlocução para revisão do sentido da vida; 2) uma clínica oriunda do diálogo contínuo acerca da desconstrução do self e da elaboração dos lutos, aspectos estes que favorecem a possibilidade de o idoso acolher a velhice e a sua própria morte como respostas ao percurso de vida; 3) a necessidade de se viver as várias facetas do perdão, como oportunidade de abrir novos espaços, a fim de sonhar um fim último possível e destinar a continuidade da vida para as futuras gerações; 4) a urgência de reflexões clínicas quando as necessidades acima descritas não são possíveis e se instauram situações de adoecimento e intensas agonias; 5) a presença do clínico como testemunho da vida e da morte / This work investigated and reflected, in light of a clinical view, about the implementation process of a Psychological Clinic Service that focused on the health of the elderly, in a reference centre for the aged in the city of São Paulo, contemplated by Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). The interest for this specific research arose due to the need to understand the specific demands of this population, in order to search for proper management for the elderly therapy setting. Action research was the investigation method chosen to present and analyze the actions proposed throughout the design of the Psychology Service, considering the problems and the needs of this particular population. For the theoretical and clinical considerations about the implementation process and the setting specificity, we addressed the Winnicottian Psychoanalytic Theory about the maturational process, the contributions of Safra and the concept of forgiveness from Arendt. Therefore, having as starting points the implementation experience and the reflection on the process, we conceive the concept of the ageing clinic that addresses some clinical axis, such as: 1) the necessity of the elderly, at the old age, to rely on an environment of alterity that provides and supports an ethical space of interaction to revisit the meaning of life; 2) a clinic that continuously establishes a dialogue with the deconstruction of the self and the elaboration of mournings, aspects that create room for the elderly to welcome old age and their own death as part of the life course; 3) the need to live the various aspects of forgiveness, as an opportunity to open new spaces, in order to dream with a possible end and ensure life continuity to the future generations; 4) the call for clinical reflections when the needs previously described are not possible, and when we have situations of illnesses and intense agony; 5) the presence of the clinician as a testimony of life and death

Orientador: Plácida Leopoldina Ventura Amorim da Costa Santos / Banca: Silvana Aparecida Borsetti Gregório Vidotti / Banca: Edberto Ferneda / Resumo: O ambiente eletrônico para a disponibilização de informações vem incorporando com freqüência os serviços oferecidos pelas bibliotecas, procurando proporcionar facilidades na localização de informações e de documentos nas redes eletrônicas. Entretanto, muitos usuários encontram dificuldades na interação com certas interfaces, o que torna a busca por informações desestimulante e muitas vezes estressante. Deste modo, buscam-se alternativas para tornar as interfaces humano-computador mais amigáveis e "inteligentes". O desenvolvimento e utilização de sistemas de agentes de interface apresentam-se como uma boa opção para minimizar este tipo de problema. Estes sistemas têm como função interagir com o usuário, como se fossem personagens que auxiliam na realização de determinadas tarefas. Nesse sentido, o objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar e desenvolver um agente de interface que atuará como um agente de referência em um site simulado de uma biblioteca oferecendo um serviço de busca personalizado a partir das relações do usuário com um sistema digital. O agente de interface, possuindo as informações fornecidas pelos usuários, construirá uma estratégia de busca que determina as palavras significativas do texto apresentado pelo usuário e passa a atuar como um pesquisador em catálogos de bibliotecas disponíveis na Internet e no índice Google para oferecer respostas às solicitações. Com a aplicação do agente de interface pretende-se avaliar a atuação deste tipo de software como facilitador da interação do usuário com acervos disponíveis, via catálogos digitais, não como mera ilustração, mas como um assistente pessoal no processo de busca à informação. E ainda verificar através do experimento com o protótipo, baseado na metodologia de avaliação heurística quais ações deverão ser tomadas para a correção dos erros que afetam a... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The electronic environment for the dispose of information is frequently incorporating the services offered by the libraries, aiming to provide means to find information and documents in electronic nets. However, many users have difficulties in the interaction with certain interfaces, which turns the search for information uninteresting and, most of the time, stressful. That way, alternatives are being searched to turn the human-computer interfaces more friendly and "intelligent". The development and use of interface agent systems are good alternatives to minimize this type of problem. These systems function to interact with the user, as if they were characters that help in the accomplishment of certain tasks. In that sense, the objective of this research is to analyze and develop an interface agent that acts as a reference agent in a simulated website of a library, offering a personalized search service starting from the user's relationships with a digital system. The interface agent, having the information provided by the users, will build a search strategy that determines the significant words of a text presented by the user and will act as a researcher in catalogs of available libraries on Internet and in the Google index in order to offer answers to the solicitations. With the application of the interface agent the author intends to evaluate the performance of this type of software as a facilitator of the user's interaction with available collections, through digital catalogs, not as a mere illustration, but as a personal assistant in the information search process, as well as to verify through experiments with the prototype, based on the heuristic evaluation methodology, which actions should be taken for the correction of mistakes that affect the interface usability, confirming the hypothesis of effectiveness of a system of that nature... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below) / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2005-08-26Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:14:02Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 moreno_ps_me_mar.pdf: 1148360 bytes, checksum: 6a75eaeae9628dd943c8adfffeac69aa (MD5) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / O ambiente eletrônico para a disponibilização de informações vem incorporando com freqüência os serviços oferecidos pelas bibliotecas, procurando proporcionar facilidades na localização de informações e de documentos nas redes eletrônicas. Entretanto, muitos usuários encontram dificuldades na interação com certas interfaces, o que torna a busca por informações desestimulante e muitas vezes estressante. Deste modo, buscam-se alternativas para tornar as interfaces humano-computador mais amigáveis e inteligentes. O desenvolvimento e utilização de sistemas de agentes de interface apresentam-se como uma boa opção para minimizar este tipo de problema. Estes sistemas têm como função interagir com o usuário, como se fossem personagens que auxiliam na realização de determinadas tarefas. Nesse sentido, o objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar e desenvolver um agente de interface que atuará como um agente de referência em um site simulado de uma biblioteca oferecendo um serviço de busca personalizado a partir das relações do usuário com um sistema digital. O agente de interface, possuindo as informações fornecidas pelos usuários, construirá uma estratégia de busca que determina as palavras significativas do texto apresentado pelo usuário e passa a atuar como um pesquisador em catálogos de bibliotecas disponíveis na Internet e no índice Google para oferecer respostas às solicitações. Com a aplicação do agente de interface pretende-se avaliar a atuação deste tipo de software como facilitador da interação do usuário com acervos disponíveis, via catálogos digitais, não como mera ilustração, mas como um assistente pessoal no processo de busca à informação. E ainda verificar através do experimento com o protótipo, baseado na metodologia de avaliação heurística quais ações deverão ser tomadas para a correção dos erros que afetam a... / The electronic environment for the dispose of information is frequently incorporating the services offered by the libraries, aiming to provide means to find information and documents in electronic nets. However, many users have difficulties in the interaction with certain interfaces, which turns the search for information uninteresting and, most of the time, stressful. That way, alternatives are being searched to turn the human-computer interfaces more friendly and intelligent. The development and use of interface agent systems are good alternatives to minimize this type of problem. These systems function to interact with the user, as if they were characters that help in the accomplishment of certain tasks. In that sense, the objective of this research is to analyze and develop an interface agent that acts as a reference agent in a simulated website of a library, offering a personalized search service starting from the user's relationships with a digital system. The interface agent, having the information provided by the users, will build a search strategy that determines the significant words of a text presented by the user and will act as a researcher in catalogs of available libraries on Internet and in the Google index in order to offer answers to the solicitations. With the application of the interface agent the author intends to evaluate the performance of this type of software as a facilitator of the user's interaction with available collections, through digital catalogs, not as a mere illustration, but as a personal assistant in the information search process, as well as to verify through experiments with the prototype, based on the heuristic evaluation methodology, which actions should be taken for the correction of mistakes that affect the interface usability, confirming the hypothesis of effectiveness of a system of that nature... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below)

A partir da análise da formação e desenvolvimento de coleções e do serviço de referência e informação realizado na Biblioteca Francisco Montojos do Instituto de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de São Paulo - IFSP, este trabalho busca verificar a relação da Política de Desenvolvimento de Coleções existente, com a missão do IFSP além de identificar a percepção dos usuários sobre os serviços oferecidos pela Biblioteca. Para isso, utiliza os métodos descritivo e exploratório, com a aplicação dos instrumentos de coleta de dados e análise documental e questionário. Realiza a análise documental do Plano de Desenvolvimento Institucional (PDI) e da Política de Desenvolvimento de Coleções do IFSP, e aplica questionários à comunidade acadêmica do IFSP campus São Paulo. Os resultados revelam que o Plano de Desenvolvimento Institucional (PDI) reconhece a biblioteca como espaço de apoio ao desenvolvimento do ensino, pesquisa e extensão, e necessidade de alinhamento das ações da biblioteca com as propostas pedagógicas dos cursos oferecidos pela instituição. Da mesma forma a Política de Desenvolvimento de Coleções do IFSP apresenta os objetivos gerais alinhados com o Plano de Desenvolvimento (PDI). Os questionários identificam a percepção da comunidade acadêmica quanto aos pontos fracos do serviço de referência que precisam ser revistos. / Based on the analysis of the formation and development of collections and the service of reference and information realized in the Francisco Montojos Library of the Institute of Education, Science and Technology of São Paulo - IFSP, this work seeks to verify the relation of the existing Policy of Development of Collections, with the mission of the IFSP as well as identifying users\' perceptions about the services offered by the Library. For this, it uses the descriptive and exploratory methods, with the application of the instruments of data collection and documentary analysis and questionnaire. It performs the documentary analysis of the Institutional Development Plan (IDP) and the Collection Development Policy of the IFSP, and applies questionnaires to the academic community of the IFSP campus São Paulo. The results show that the Institutional Development Plan (IDP) recognizes the library as a space to support the development of teaching, research and extension, and the need to align the library\'s actions with the pedagogical proposals of the courses offered by the institution. Likewise, the IFSP Collection Development Policy outlines the general objectives aligned with the Development Plan (IDP). The questionnaires identify the perception of the academic community as to the weaknesses of the referral service that need to be reviewed.