This diploma thesis deals with the reconstruction and rehabilitation of a real cultural monument in Fulnek. It is a four-winged object with almost rectangular atrium. The main subject of the diploma thesis is the change in the use of the building and the proposals for remediation of damp walls. Knurr's palace has three above-ground floors and is non-decked, covered by a classic shell with fiber cement. The use of the object is mainly designed as a civic amenities, now the building is not used. The building is located in close proximity to the slope and the building is adjacent to the building. The project is solved at the level of the documentation for construction.

One of the methods utilized for quantification of environmental impacts of human activities is Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA). This dissertation applies the method on renovations of residential buildings in the Czech Republic. The reason is high potential for environmental savings in existing building stock and lack of such works in the Czech conditions. Therefore the dissertation deals with LCA of building renovations to increase the knowledge in this field. Moreover it also questions and evaluates accuracy of building LCA in general to increase understanding of differences and inaccuracies that are often admitted, but seldom analysed in literature. The dissertation includes five LCAs of two case studies: a block-of-flats in Brno and a terraced house in a nearby village. First case study includes LCAs of the original state and renovation of the block-of-flats. The second case study describes LCAs of the original state, partial reconstruction or demolition and new construction of the terraced house. The LCAs are performed in two software tools: Eco-Bat 4.0 and GaBi 4. Detailed models of the evaluated buildings are based on available designs. Environmental impacts are calculated in four impact categories predefined in Eco-Bat 4.0 to enable comparison of results: Ecological Scarcity, Cumulative Energy Demand (or Primary Energy in GaBi 4), Non-Renewable Energy and Global Warming Potential. The accuracy of the performed LCAs is tested in up to 324 different scenario combinations considering variable service life of building materials, construction waste quantities, waste management and transport distances. Generally, the results confirm environmental efficiency of building renovations. The renovation of block-of-flats results in 17.39% average reduction of total environmental impacts. Demolition and new construction of the terraced house result in 76.83% average savings. However, the variation of results is rather high due to tested scenario combinations: up to 56.06%.

Diploma thesis ‚The project of a small water reservoir in the Níhov cadastral area’ has goal to introduce to reader the small water reservoir as the important landscape element. Small water reservoir is cornerstone of local ecological stability, which has important income for microclima in the closes surrounding. Furthermore, the function of constant improvement water quality in the basis or contribute to increasing of ground water level. Thesis is divided into two parts. In the first theoretical part thesis describes the topic of small water reservoirs briefly. The first part shortly describes the details of designing process or inner process within the reservoir. In the second practical part is created basic project documentation based on the data collected and measured in the affected area. The project was created in cooperation and upon request of investor the representation of the village Níhov.

This thesis is about renovations and municipal housing companies, and more generally, it concerns housing inequality and urban restructuring. The Swedish housing market is strongly characterized by housing inequality, and, in addition, large parts of the affordable rental stock are facing need for renovations. Renovations which risk making the rental stock less accessible and, in addition, reinforce inequality and displacement. Half of all the properties facing renovation in Sweden are owned by municipal housing companies, allmännyttan, which are obliged to provide good and accessible housing for everyone and the common benefit. However, since 2011, the municipal housing companies are at the same time to operate under preconditions that require profit. In the light of this potential conflict of interest, the overarching purpose has been to provide an empirical exploration and problematization of how renovations are managed and motivated within allmännyttan and what potential implications this has on supplying good housing for all. Through the case of the municipal housing company Bostads AB Poseidon and the district Frölunda Torg in Gothenburg, renovations have been explored within a municipal setting and larger urban restructuring process. The material that formed the empirical data was qualitative and comprised three parts: policy, communication with tenants, and interviews with employees at Bostads AB Poseidon. Central concepts in exploring the renovations have been displacement pressure, urban restructuring, and hegemonic gaze. The thesis has identified several aspects concerning renovations and the altered role of allmännyttan which raises questions whether the renovations can be understood as for the common benefit.

The theoretic part of this diploma thesis interprets historical procedures of lime mortar manufacturing and modern options for the historical lime plaster renovation. The experimental part of this diploma thesis aims for the comparison of physical-mechanic characteristic of lime mortar manufactured with different kinds of lime. The main goal is verifying of positive influence of using the aged lime mortar on its physical-mechanic characteristics.

This thesis is focused on laser measuring system. It describes comprehensively single components of laser system, its aplication within calibration, subsequent evaluation of results and performance of renovation of the microscope.

The topic of the diploma thesis „ The impact of executing new thermal insulation on an administrative building in Blansko on the expenses associated with its operation“ is a draft and appraisal of four variants of thermal insulation of the building (EPS, EPS G, Mineral wool, Phenolic foam). It deals with an actual building situated in Blansko. All the variants are projected according to the same technical specifications (thermal transmittance) and their thermal parameters, technical parameters and the rate of return have been assessed. The assessed building (The A building) is at rectangular shape. It has six above - ground floors and a basement, it contains mainly administration sites. The construction system is concrete frame, which has curtain wall made of perforated blocks with thickness 250 mm. The building has got reinforced concrete floors, the roofing is made of double-skin roof construction. The supply for heating is a separate gas boiler room.

The aim of this thesis is assessment of existing condition reinforced concrete factory chimney, who has undergone structural and technical survey, under which was found many failures caused of horizontally tension - significant vertical cracks in the chimney stack. The object of this work will also make appropriate proposals rehabilitation of concrete stack by design prestressed cables monostrand in horizontal direction, grouting open cracks and reprofiling surface of chimney stack.

Cette recherche a pour but de répondre à deux impératifs : travailler pour un secteur d’activité porteur économiquement, mais peu étudié scientifiquement : le domaine de la Rénovation, et proposer aux acteurs de ce secteur des outils d’accompagnement forts pour leur permettre de réussir leur transition numérique, enjeu majeur du XXIe siècle. L’état de l’art initial a démontré que, dans un contexte lié à la diffusion d’un Système d’Information tel que le BIM, il était indispensable de s’appuyer sur des leviers contribuant à son implantation : les Facteurs Clés de Succès, les fondamentaux du management de projet, la rédaction de Conventions BIM, l’Approche Intégrée de Projet et enfin les Modèles de Maturité. Pour s’assurer de l’adéquation entre ces différents leviers et les spécificités de la Rénovation, une enquête a été réalisée auprès d’un panel représentatif des petites entreprises qui le composent majoritairement. Elle a permis de confirmer l’état peu avancé de ce secteur dans la transition numérique en raison de la taille des structures elles-mêmes et de situations économiques réduisant souvent l’horizon de projection. Les acteurs ne sont, par ailleurs, pas toujours conscients de la nécessité du changement (se satisfaisant généralement de la 2D et de procédés artisanaux) et sont donc peu enclins à investir dans des solutions numériques telles que le BIM. En dépit des réticences qui ont pu être exprimées, la plupart des acteurs ont toutefois bien conscience que pour tirer parti de la transition au lieu de la subir, il faut qu’ils puissent être dotés d’outils d’accompagnement spécifiques à leurs usages et pratiques. Un référentiel permettant de mesurer leur maturité et ensuite de définir de façon réaliste leurs propres objectifs de développement : « BIM Maturity Model For Renovation » ou BiM²FR a donc été conçu. Le format choisi et la simplicité voulue de mise en œuvre devraient permettre aux petites entreprises de facilement caractériser leur situation et d’identifier leurs points faibles et forts, puis d’élaborer les grandes lignes de plans d'action individuels et appropriés à leurs activités. Les facteurs clés de succès étudiés et intégrés en filigrane dans le BiM²FR sont les marqueurs et gages de succès qui permettront aux entreprises de progresser au cours de la mise en œuvre du BIM. Pour élargir la portée de ce travail, une interface WEB libre permettant aux entreprises d’effectuer leur diagnostic de maturité BIM, a été développée. Le site www.BiM2FR.eu, outre l’aide qu’il peut apporter aux entreprises, offre, par l’intermédiaire des données collectées et échangées, un grand nombre de perspectives de recherches. / This research aims to answer two imperatives: 1) promote an economically promising sector, Renovation, that has not been subject to much scientific study; and 2) offer companies in this sector useful tools to help them succeed in their digital transition, a major challenge of the 21st century. When it comes to disseminating an Information System such as BIM, it is essential to use levers that enhance its implementation: the Critical Success Factor, fundamentals of Project Management, drafting BIM Execution Plans, an Integrated Project Delivery approach and Maturity Models. To ensure the right fit between these different levers and the specific needs of the Renovation segment, we conducted a survey with a representative panel of small enterprises, predominant in this sector. This survey confirmed that the sector is still in the early days of digital transition due to the small size of companies and economic situations that often reduce visibility and the ability to make long-term investment decisions. Small renovation firms are not always aware of the need for change (they are generally satisfied with 2D drawings and artisanal processes) and are therefore reluctant to invest in digital solutions such as BIM. In spite of this, most stakeholders are aware that in order to benefit from the transition or risk being left behind, they must find support in tools specific to their uses and practices. To measure their maturity and then realistically define their own development objectives, we therefore developed a "BIM Maturity Model for Renovation" or BiM²FR. The format and ease of implementation should enable small enterprises to identify their situation, emphasize their strengths and weaknesses, and then outline individual action plans suited to their activities. The Critical Success Factors analyzed and presented within BiM²FR should guarantee successful progress as companies implement BIM. In order to broaden the scope of this work, we created a free web interface for companies to make their own BIM maturity diagnosis. The site www.BiM2FR.eu, in addition to helping these companies, offers us, through the data collected and exchanged, a large number of research opportunities.

Most of the housing stock in European cities needs to be updated to fulfill current requirements. Although energy and climate have been prioritized in European policies, other sustainable development challenges are sometimes disregarded. Retrofitting plays a part in addressing social concerns such as unemployment and poverty. Therefore, these issues also need to be tackled during the decision-making process.Decision makers need assessment methods to help them to comprehensively address complex processes such as retrofitting on a territorial scale. Several tools are available to address certain aspects of building sustainability, but these often disregard social inclusion aspects. The life cycle sustainability assessment (LCSA) methodology seems to be an appropriate framework, but it needs further adaptation and development for the intended application; that is, to guide policy-making related to housing retrofitting in a given territory towards a more sustainable model of development.This PhD thesis develops an assessment tool in the framework of LCSA. The proposal combines environmental assessment methods with a set of specifically developed socioeconomic models. The socioeconomic models address social and socioeconomic concerns, which are relevant in housing retrofitting processes, for which a cause-effect relationship can be established. The so-called characterization models result from the identification, combination and adaptation of available methods developed within various research fields. These methods analyze damages to the health of workers involved in the life cycle and to the health of the household living in the retrofitted dwelling. Impacts on human well-being and dignity are addressed through prosperity, in terms of fair employment, alleviation of fuel poverty of households, and contribution to economic growth.Two retrofits are analyzed and compared in multiple scenarios of household and housing conditions. The impacts of the retrofitting on sustainable development are calculated considering their remaining life period and taking into account the reference situation where retrofitting would not be undertaken. Some of the results are unexpected, whereas others were more predictable, and the tool helps to properly quantifying them. However, the tool does not provide a unique solution: the “best-performing” scenarios regarding natural environment are the “less-performing” scenarios regarding health and well-being, and vice versa. Decisions therefore need to be adjusted and aim for a combination of job creation, meeting environmental targets, overcoming poverty thresholds and using available public resources. This LCSA proposal helps to adapt measures which promote retrofitting to housing typologies, household type and dwelling conditions. This tool also serves to identify scenarios to prioritize and quantify the potential improvements in the retrofitting process. / En Europe, la plupart du parc bâti de logements doit être rénové en accord avec les besoins actuels. Dans les politiques européennes, la priorité est donnée à l’énergie et au climat et d’autres défis liés au développement durable semblent être négligés. La rénovation parait pouvoir atténuer des problèmes sociaux tels que le taux de chômage, la pauvreté ou l’exclusion sociale et doit donc aussi être considérées.Les décideurs publics ont besoin de méthodes d’analyse qui leur permettent d’aborder des processus complexes comme la rénovation de logements au niveau du territoire. Il y plusieurs outils à disposition pour analyser certains aspects de la durabilité des bâtiments mais, souvent, ces outils ne prennent pas en compte des aspects d’inclusion sociale. La méthodologie d’analyse de la durabilité du cycle de vie (LCSA en anglais) s’avère un cadre approprié pour aborder cette problématique mais il est encore nécessaire de la développer et de l’adapter pour l’appliquer à l’objet de cette étude ,c’est-à-dire, guider la prise de décisions publiques, en relation avec la rénovation de bâtiments à l’échelle du territoire, vers un développement plus durable.Cette recherche développe « sur mesure » un outil d’analyse dans le cadre du LCSA. La méthodologie proposée combine des méthodes d’analyse environnementale avec un ensemble de modèles socioéconomiques, dits modèles de caractérisation. Ces derniers, spécifiquement développés, ciblent des préoccupations sociales et socioéconomiques qui concernent le processus de rénovation du logement et dont la relation cause-effet peut être établie. Ils résultent de l’identification, la combinaison et l’adaptation de méthodes existantes développées dans différents domaines. Ces méthodes analysent les impacts sur la santé des travailleurs impliqués dans tout le cycle de vie et sur la santé du ménage qui habite le logement. Les impacts sur le bien-être et la dignité humaine sont analysés au moyen de la prospérité, en termes de travail juste, de la lutte contre la précarité énergétique et de la contribution au développement économique.Les effets produits par deux rénovations à Bruxelles sont analysés et comparés dans plusieurs scénarios, pour la période de vie qui reste au logement. Quelques résultats s’écartent de ceux attendus ;d’autres pouvaient être pressentis mais cet outil permet de les quantifier de manière appropriée. Cependant, l’outil ne dégage pas de solution unique :dans certains cas, les bénéfices en termes de bien-être sont moindres pour les scénarios où la rénovation produit les meilleurs résultats environnementaux, et vice versa. Les décisions résultent de l’ajustement et la combinaison entre les objectifs en termes d’environnement, de création d’emploi, seuils de seuil de pauvreté et les ressources publiques disponibles. Cet outil aide à l’adaptation des politiques et mesures d’encouragement aux typologies de bâti, aux types de ménages et aux conditions du logement. Il permet l’identification de scénarios à rendre prioritaire, ainsi que de quantifier les effets d’éventuelles améliorations à apporter au processus de rénovation urbaine. / Doctorat en Art de bâtir et urbanisme (Polytechnique) / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished