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This study deals with influence of filters on running of aluminum metal flow. The main objective was to describe hydraulic resistances of assorted filters and running of silting filters by inclusions. Theoretical part generally describes filtration process and also filtration from the point of view of aluminum alloys and the most important characteristics of each type of alumina inclusions. Experimental part deals with flow rate tests, influence of filters on gassiness of melt and metallographic analysis. It was find out, that filter GEPHAL made minimal hydraulic resistance, on the other hand ceramic foam filters type LD made the maximal hydraulic resistance. It is necessary to reduce filtration surface for study running of silting filters by inclusions. Metallographic analysis showed amorphous alumina film inclusions, spinell Al2O3.2MgO, sludge and carbide of silicon.

The presented diploma thesis deals with the measurement of car deceleration during engine braking from different starting speeds and different speed gears with a sample of vehicles. This piece of work consists of a theoretical part, where problem background is defined, selected driving parameters including the manner how to measure them are explained and the facts in the field of structural characteristics of the vehicle are given, further from a design of measurement methodology that gives an overall plan of implementation, all the respective information and a description of handling with decelerometer, further from a real measurement of the deceleration including an interpretation of partial obtained values and finally from the evaluation of all results with appropriate conclusions.

Diploma thesis deals with the deceleration of the motorcycles with the use of engine braking. Work can by divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part begins with the possibility of division motorcycles according to several criteria. Below is given the primary papers of literature, usable in connection with the issue of this work. Subsequently, the work discusses the factors which are affecting the course of the deceleration with the use of engine braking. The practical part acquaints the reader with available measuring devices, with the place of measurement and the methodology. The following are listed specific measured values for individual motorcycles, supplemented with graphical output. At the end of the practical part is for comparison a brief summary of the measured values of each tested vehicle. Interpretation and evaluation of the measured data are contained in the conclusion of the work.

Doctora en Ciencias Sociales / El propósito de esta tesis fue abrir un espacio de discusión acerca de un tipo de legislación penal en Chile, específicamente la Ley 18.314 -denominada comúnmente como Ley Antiterrorista- y su funcionalidad en el sistema democrático. Para ello se establecieron distintos niveles analíticos. El primero apunta a elaborar un mapa descriptivo sobre la aplicación de dicha ley desagregado en las variables sexo, edad, territorio y pertenencia étnica de los/as imputados/as, presentando un panorama donde se reconstruyen los datos estadísticos que posee la Defensoría Penal Pública sobre los sujetos a quienes se les invoca tal aparataje penal. El segundo horizonte revisa los argumentos esgrimidos para la invocación y uso de la Ley en tres juicios emblemáticos de nuestro país: Caso Lonkos, Fiscal Elgueta y Caso Bombas con sus respectivas sentencias, permitiéndonos conocer las maneras en que se despliega el uso o desestimación de dicho recurso penal. Por último, se posiciona una reflexión sobre la categoría de cuerpo a partir de dos procesos antagónicos: Dominación y resistencia, por parte de quienes han sido procesados, dando cuenta de las lógicas de castigo y su potencia como aparataje de control y disciplinamiento, para luego evidenciar posibilidades de contrapoder desde las huelgas de hambre / Abstract: The purpose of this thesis was to open a space for discussion about a type of criminal law in Chile, specifically Law 18.314 - commonly referred to as the Anti- Terror Law - and its functionality in the democratic system. For this, different analytical levels were established. The first one aims to elaborate a descriptive map on the application of this disaggregated law in the variables gender, age, territory and ethnicity of the imputed ones, presenting a panorama where the statistical data possessed by the Defensoría Penal Pública are reconstructed on the subjects to whom such criminal apparatus is invoked. The second horizon reviews the arguments used for invoking and using the Law in three emblematic cases of our country: Lonkos Case, Elgueta Prosecutor and Bombas Case with their respective sentences, allowing us to know the ways in which the use or rejection of the use is deployed Criminal appeal. Finally, a reflection on the category of body is posited based on two antagonistic processes: Domination and resistance, by those who have been prosecuted, giving an account of the logic of punishment and its power as an apparatus of control and discipline, and later To demonstrate possibilities of counterpower since hunger strikes

Les Escherichia coli producteur de Shiga-toxines (STEC) sont des bactéries pathogènes majeures en santé publique. Elles sont à l'origine d'épidémies de colites hémorragiques et d'une centaine de cas de syndrome hémolytique et urémique par an, en France. Une classification des STEC (plus de 200 sérotypes) a été établie sur la base d'évaluations du risque par l'étude de marqueurs moléculaires directement impliqués dans la virulence, et l'analyse de données épidémiologiques. La virulence n'est cependant pas toujours clairement associée à des facteurs connus ou suffisamment décrits. L'hypothèse des travaux de thèse a été que le niveau de risque associé aux souches pourrait non seulement s'expliquer par le profil de virulence mais également par des spécificités dans les propriétés métaboliques des sérotypes dont les capacités de résistance aux anti-microbiens. Peu de données sont disponibles sur la physiologie des STEC, hormis les propriétés métaboliques exploitées dans le développement de milieux de culture spécifiques. La grande majorité des études se sont concentrées sur le sérogroupe O157 et très peu sur les non-O157.L'objectif de ce travail a été d'approfondir les connaissances sur les capacités métaboliques des souches de STEC afin d'étudier les relations avec le niveau de risque associé aux souches. Ce travail a été divisé en trois parties : (i) l'étude de la résistance au tellurite de potassium (K2TeO3), un oxyanion fortement dommageable pour les membranes, (ii) l'étude des profils de métabolisation de substrats carbonés et (iii) l'étude des capacités de résistance aux antibiotiques et autres antimicrobiens. Une grande variabilité dans les profils de résistance au K2TeO3 a été observée, ainsi qu'un phénomène d'émergence de mutants spontanés. L'utilisation du tellurite pour la détection des STEC peut induire une sous-estimation de leur prévalence. Les classifications des souches en fonction de leur niveau de risque ont pu cependant être reliées à des profils métaboliques particuliers dont la capacité de résistance à certains antimicrobiens. Ces données ont permis d'observer des évolutions verticales spécifiques de certains sérogroupes mais également certaines convergences évolutives inter-sérogroupes. Ces travaux devraient permettre de faire évoluer la spécificité des méthodologies d'identification et de classification des STEC. Ces données pourront être employées par les gestionnaires du risque pour une identification plus fine des STEC pathogènes / Shiga-toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are major human pathogenic bacteria. These bacteria can cause hemorrhagic diarrheal diseases and Haemolytic and Uremic Syndromes. A risk assessment of more than 200 STEC serotypes has been performed using molecular markers of virulence and epidemiological datasets. However, virulence is not always associated with known or sufficiently described factors, questioning the reliability of such classifications. The hypothesis of this PhD work was that risk levels associated with STEC strains should be related not only to virulence specificities but also other metabolic properties such as a specialization for particular C-sources or resistances towards various antimicrobials. Few data were available on STEC physiology, with the exception of datasets regarding the metabolic properties exploited for the development of specific culture media. The aim of this work was to improve knowledge on STEC metabolic capacities and investigate relationships with their respective risk level. This work was divided into three parts: (i) a study of potassium tellurite (K2TeO3) resistance, an oxyanion highly toxic for cell membranes, (ii) a study of carbon metabolic profiles, and (iii) an exhaustive study of antibiotic and other antimicrobial resistances. A great variability in K2TeO3 resistance profiles was observed, as well as a phenomenon leading to the emergence of significant numbers of spontaneous mutants. The use of tellurite for STEC detection was found to lead to an underestimation of their prevalence in food products. Specific metabolic profiles including resistance to certain antimicrobial substances were found related to STEC classifications into risk levels. These data allowed us to observe specific vertical evolutions of these phenotypes per serogroup but some intergroup evolutionary convergences were also observed. These datasets led to the proposal of novel STEC detection and identification schemes. These schemes can be used by risk assessment managers for a better appreciation of STEC risk hazards among food and environmental samples

Na atual emergência da construção de um discurso social requerido para a identidade de remanescentes de quilombos, este trabalho busca refletir sobre as resistências dos trabalhadores escravizados na região mineradora do rio Guaporé, na Capitania de Mato Grosso, entre a fundação de Vila Bela da Santíssima Trindade em 1752 e anos iniciais do século 19, tendo como suporte fontes arqueológicas, documentais escritas e de memória. Propõe evidenciar as bases materiais para a construção de táticas de resistência e contraponto à estrutura repressora administrativa/senhorial escravista, e a partir delas o surgimento de quilombos como sua forma mais elaborada. Traz ainda uma possível interpretação dessa construção social em confluência com a invenção de uma economia mineradora paralela ao sistema colonial ao estabelecer os assentamentos quilombolas sobre terrenos auríferos. Ao final, sugere a existência na cidade de um reordenamento interno de falas autorizadas e ainda o surgimento de discursos a reconstruir um passado quilombola necessário. / The master\'s dissertation aims at discussing resistance strategies by enslaved workers, at the mining areas at Mato Grosso, since 1752 until the beginning of the 19th.c. The dissertation uses archaeological evidence and documents. It also aims at exploring the material culture strategies used by slaves to resist oppression, during colonial rule. It also studies maroons as a main resistance strategy, relating those settlements to alternative mining practices, out of colonial control. Last but not least, the dissertation explores the ways discourses about the past contribute to reconstruct maroon past experiences.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T20:20:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Anamaria Aguiar e Salles.pdf: 1150702 bytes, checksum: dd9cf50d89097102632f11a215d3f940 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-06-07 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The abolitionist thought redeminishes the criticism of the penal practices from the problematization of the existence of the reality of crime s ontology and of the universality of laws and punishments. In spite of the diversity of the lines of thoughts it interests itself in repairing the victims and to understand the offensors involved in problematic situations. It highlights that each conflictual situation that comes across in a person s life happens in a singular manner and that, thereafter, a problematic event will never be the same as another. Louk Hulsman, from his libertarian perspective proposes the direct conciliation between individuals involved in problematic situations. He understands penal abolitionism as a practice held in the present by refusing the language of the criminal justice system, and the resolution of problematic situations beyond its reach. The wish to affirm the abolitionism, took him travelling around the planet, establishing connections and promoting new ways of thinking from the events he experienced. The dissertation Louk Hulsman and penal abolitionism , intends to show the construction of Louk Hulsman s abolitionism thought and its repercussions, by including Brazil and Argentina, by means of the analysis of the papers produced by the abolitionist and interviews with intellectuals who were close to him. It is interested in tracing the battle waged by the abolitionist thinkers against a system of justice that is selective and reproduces violence, and to show captures and attempts of immobilization of the abolitionist thought in the actuality by incorporating its suggestions on alternative programs of justice / O pensamento abolicionista redimensionou a crítica às práticas penais a partir da problematização da existência da realidade ontológica do crime e do universalismo das leis e dos castigos. Apesar da diversidade nas linhas de pensamento, interessa-se em reparar as vítimas e compreender os infratores envolvidos em situações-problema. Destaca que cada situação conflituosa que atravessa a vida de uma pessoa acontece de maneira singular, e que, portanto, um evento problemático nunca será igual ao outro. Louk Hulsman, a partir de sua perspectiva libertária, propõe a conciliação direta entre os indivíduos envolvidos em situações-problema. Entende o abolicionismo penal enquanto prática que se exerce no presente, pela recusa da linguagem do sistema de justiça criminal, e pela resolução de situações-problema fora de sua esfera. A vontade de afirmar o abolicionismo o levou a viajar pelo planeta, estabelecendo conexões e provocando novos pensamentos a partir dos acontecimentos que vivenciava. Esta dissertação, Louk Hulsman e o abolicionismo penal , pretende mostrar a construção do pensamento abolicionista de Louk Hulsman e suas repercussões, incluindo o Brasil e a Argentina, por meio da análise dos escritos produzidos pelo abolicionista e por entrevistas com intelectuais que lhes foram próximos. Interessa-se em traçar a batalha travada pelos pensadores abolicionistas contra um sistema de justiça seletivo e reprodutor de violências, e em mostrar as capturas e tentativas de imobilização do pensamento abolicionista na atualidade ao incorporar suas sugestões a programas alternativos de justiça

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T20:20:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gustavo Ferreira Simoes.pdf: 26632165 bytes, checksum: ab38215424bd678db9b9d98e6ea5409e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-06-08 / Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo / The emergence of the author function in the 19th century, as pointed out by Michel Foucault, was characterized by the investment in organizing, affiliating and homogenizing the diffusion of discourses from previous centuries. The author signature has risen as an existence entitled with a different status from those that used the word ordinarily at the same time that it was identified as the possible danger to be fought. Considering Foucault s suggestions, I have followed Roberto Freire s writings, with no intent of explaining it, while articulating it with his life experiences since the liberation of DOPS s dungeons, in 1965, a year after the military coup of 1964, until the publication of his last writings in the end of the 20th century. Freire s writings update the exercise of social literature undertaken by some libertarians in the beginning of the 20th century in Brazil. However, his books are not inspired by the thought of the socalled classical anarchists, but by the practices that have emerged with the protests, particularly those connected to customs, triggered by the events of 1968. Freire, dissociating himself from the projects of revolution, began to value, in the 1970s, through his books and life, certain experiences with the body, in the present, associating it to an anarchist sensualization of the existence. The analysis of his journey since 1960 when he was an activist in Ação Popular and through his experiences with The Living Theater, Wilhem Reich and the anarchism in the 1980 and 1990 was possible given the distance he kept from the notion of author. Freire s writings have been developed in movement. Therefore, one cannot impose on it a unity or explanatory restrain. Freire has dangerously sailed with his literature in the late 20th century. The navigation, according to Michel Foucault, was a privileged metaphor to those immersed in an ethical and aesthetical life in the Hellenistic and Roman antiquity. By affirming this navigation, this existence, he moved like a libertarian pilot, like an anarchist pirate / A emergência da função autor , no século XIX, como salientou Michel Foucault, caracterizava-se pelo investimento em organizar, filiar e homogeinizar a dispersão dos discursos oriunda dos séculos anteriores. A assinatura do autor irrompia como existência que possuía um status distinto daqueles que utilizavam a palavra ordinariamente, ao mesmo tempo, em que era identificada como um possível perigo a ser combatido. Seguindo as sugestões de Foucault, observei a escrita de Roberto Freire visando não explicar mas acompanhá-la em seu movimento, articulando-a às experiências da vida de Freire, desde a liberação no porão do DOPS, em 1965, um ano após o golpe militar de 1964, até a publicação de seus últimos escritos no final do século XX. A escritura de Freire atualiza o exercício da literatura social empreendida por certos libertários do início do século XX, no Brasil. Entretanto, seus livros não são animados pela reflexão dos anarquistas considerados clássicos, mas pelas práticas que irromperam com as contestações, sobretudo as ligadas aos costumes, detonadas pelos acontecimentos de 1968. Afastando-se ao longo da vida dos projetos de revolução, Freire passou a valorizar a partir da década de 1970, em seus livros e na vida, certas experiências com o corpo, no presente, associando-as a uma sensualização anarquista da existência. A análise do percurso traçado por ele desde a década de 1960, quando ainda militava na Ação Popular, passando pela descoberta do Living Theater, Wilhem Reich e afirmação do anarquismo nas décadas de 1980 e 1990, foram possíveis precisamente por um afastamento da noção de autor. A escrita de Freire se desenhou em movimento. Portanto, não há como lhe impor uma unidade, um travão explicativo. Freire navegou, junto com sua literatura, durante a segunda metade do século XX, perigosamente. A navegação, segundo Michel Foucault, era metáfora privilegiada para aqueles que se ocupavam com a vida ética e esteticamente na antiguidade helenística e romana. Afirmando essa navegação, a existência, ele deslizou como um piloto libertário, um pirata anarquista

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T14:53:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Anamaria Aguiar e Salles.pdf: 1150702 bytes, checksum: dd9cf50d89097102632f11a215d3f940 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-06-07 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The abolitionist thought redeminishes the criticism of the penal practices from the problematization of the existence of the reality of crime s ontology and of the universality of laws and punishments. In spite of the diversity of the lines of thoughts it interests itself in repairing the victims and to understand the offensors involved in problematic situations. It highlights that each conflictual situation that comes across in a person s life happens in a singular manner and that, thereafter, a problematic event will never be the same as another. Louk Hulsman, from his libertarian perspective proposes the direct conciliation between individuals involved in problematic situations. He understands penal abolitionism as a practice held in the present by refusing the language of the criminal justice system, and the resolution of problematic situations beyond its reach. The wish to affirm the abolitionism, took him travelling around the planet, establishing connections and promoting new ways of thinking from the events he experienced. The dissertation Louk Hulsman and penal abolitionism , intends to show the construction of Louk Hulsman s abolitionism thought and its repercussions, by including Brazil and Argentina, by means of the analysis of the papers produced by the abolitionist and interviews with intellectuals who were close to him. It is interested in tracing the battle waged by the abolitionist thinkers against a system of justice that is selective and reproduces violence, and to show captures and attempts of immobilization of the abolitionist thought in the actuality by incorporating its suggestions on alternative programs of justice / O pensamento abolicionista redimensionou a crítica às práticas penais a partir da problematização da existência da realidade ontológica do crime e do universalismo das leis e dos castigos. Apesar da diversidade nas linhas de pensamento, interessa-se em reparar as vítimas e compreender os infratores envolvidos em situações-problema. Destaca que cada situação conflituosa que atravessa a vida de uma pessoa acontece de maneira singular, e que, portanto, um evento problemático nunca será igual ao outro. Louk Hulsman, a partir de sua perspectiva libertária, propõe a conciliação direta entre os indivíduos envolvidos em situações-problema. Entende o abolicionismo penal enquanto prática que se exerce no presente, pela recusa da linguagem do sistema de justiça criminal, e pela resolução de situações-problema fora de sua esfera. A vontade de afirmar o abolicionismo o levou a viajar pelo planeta, estabelecendo conexões e provocando novos pensamentos a partir dos acontecimentos que vivenciava. Esta dissertação, Louk Hulsman e o abolicionismo penal , pretende mostrar a construção do pensamento abolicionista de Louk Hulsman e suas repercussões, incluindo o Brasil e a Argentina, por meio da análise dos escritos produzidos pelo abolicionista e por entrevistas com intelectuais que lhes foram próximos. Interessa-se em traçar a batalha travada pelos pensadores abolicionistas contra um sistema de justiça seletivo e reprodutor de violências, e em mostrar as capturas e tentativas de imobilização do pensamento abolicionista na atualidade ao incorporar suas sugestões a programas alternativos de justiça