This study investigated the influencing factors to retirement home decisions in Taiwan. The effect of socio-demographic variables, health conditions, and needs to characteristics were examined. The objective of study was people whose age over 50 in Taiwan. The questionnaires were collected by mail and there were 755 valid samples. The findings from this study include the followings. First, using hierarchical logistic regression, the major predictors to decision to retirement home are: 1.insurance condition; 2.independence and autonomy; 3.comfort and convenience. Second, medical facilities and services are not major predictors to retirement home decision in Taiwan. This is quite different from the findings in America and European countries. The possible reason is that there are abundant medical resources and the medical accessibility is high in Taiwan.

The purpose of this study was to examine how retirement home staff promotes the sense of security of older persons receiving care in retirement homes. In qualitative interviews with staff the following research questions were studied: which factors are described as central for older people’s sense of security? How does retirement home staff promote security for older people in their daily work? Which potentials and difficulties is retirement home staff identifying in promoting security? Theoretical perspectives used in the analysis: the salutogenic perspective and the life-course perspective. Results: relationships, influence and knowledge were central for older people's sense of security. Staff's efforts to promote security were based on creating relationships and on being a handy resource, which created conditions for quality-care. Lack of time was presented as a difficulty. I argue that interpersonal relationships and the promotion of older people’s influence and knowledge should have a central role in care-work.

Bakgrund: Att vara äldre innebär förluster av många olika slag, bland annat fysiska förmågor, förlust av närstående, och förmågan att upprätthålla eller skapa nya relationer. På ett äldreboende är den äldre inte objektivt sett ensam, utan har alltid andra människor omkring sig. Trots det är det många äldre som upplever ensamhet sin sista tid i livet. Tidigare forskning har visat att det är av betydelse att vårdaren är lyhörd, öppen och visar ömsesidighet i vårdrelationen. Problem: För många ensamma äldre är vårdrelationen den enda relationen de har. Syfte: Att beskriva vårdrelationens betydelse för den ensamstående äldre på äldreboende. Metod: En systematisk litteraturöversikt utfördes på elva kvalitativa studier som analyserades med en beskrivande syntes. Resultatet visade att upplevelserna på äldreboendet för de äldre utan närstående påverkades mycket av vårdrelationen. Trivsel och uppfattningar om vårdkvalitén påverkades av vårdrelationen. Vidare påverkades deras känsla av mening och tillhörighet, och vårdrelationen var betydande för huruvida de äldre upplevde sig respekterade och bekräftade som unika individer. Det är viktigt att vårdarna förstår hur mycket vårdrelationen betyder för de äldres upplevelser och vidare forskning om ensamstående äldres upplevelser av ensamhet på äldreboendet är av yttersta vikt. / Background: Being older means losses of many kinds, including physical abilities, loss o fkin, and the ability to maintain or establish new relationships. At a nursing home, the elderly are not objectively alone, there’s always other people around. Despite this there are many older people who experience loneliness their last time in life. Previous research has shown that it is important that the caregiver is responsive, open and show reciprocity in the caring relationship. Problem: For many lonely elderly the care relationship is the only relationship they have. Aim: To describe the care relationships importance for the single elderly in retirement homes. A systematic literature review was performed on eleven qualitative studies that were analyzed using a descriptive synthesis. The results showed that the experiences of the elderly without relatives at the nursing home were greatly affected by the care relationship. Thriving and perceptions of quality of care were affected by the care relationship. Furthermore their sense of purpose and belonging were affected, and the caring relationship was significant for whether the elderly felt respected and affirmed as unique individuals. It is important that caregivers understand how much the care relationship means for older people's experiences and further research on single older people's experiences of loneliness in retirement homes is of utmost importance.

Bakgrund: Politiker och forskare har börjat uppmärksamma övergrepp mot äldre på äldreboende som ett globalt problem. Studier visar att övergrepp sker internationellt som nationellt. Syfte: Denna studie syftar till att uppmärksamma övergrepp av vårdpersonal mot äldre på äldreboende, att ta reda på om det finns några faktorer som bidrar till dessa övergrepp, samt att ta reda på hur detta problem kan hanteras och helst undvikas. Metod: Två fokusgrupper deltog i studien, där ena gruppen bestod av fem undersköterskor och den andra av fem vårdbiträden. Ett snöbollsurval användes för att finna de relevanta personerna. En halvstrukturerad intervjuguide användes i intervjuerna. Resultat: Nästan alla deltagare hade sett kollegor ta till övergrepp mot äldre på äldreboendet, några specifika faktorer som verkade mer bidragande till övergreppen än andra, var framför allt stress, tidsbrist samt dåligt tålamod. Vårdpersonalen ansåg att utbildningar, extra personal och att anpassa sig efter kundens önskemål var åtgärder som skulle minska övergreppen på äldreboendet. Fler och bredare studier behövs för den här typen av ämne. Att lära sig mer om faktorerna som bidrar till övergreppen, kan ett förebyggande arbete påbörjas och en minskning av övergreppen ske. / Background: Politicians and researchers have become to pay more attention to abuse against elderly in retirement home and it has become a global problem. Aim: Therefore was the aim of this study to investigate abuse against elderly by staff in retirement home and it was also to investigate if there were any possible risk factors which contributes the abuse and how to deal with it. Method: Focus group interviews was used, one group consisted of five nurses and the other by five nursing assistants. A snowball selection was used to find the relevant selection. Results: The results showed that almost all participants had witnessed abuse against elderly. It appeared that some risk factors may be more contributory to abuse than others, including stress, lack of time and poor patient. Education, more staff and adaptation to the elderly requirements would reduce the abuse. More and wider studies are relevant and needed for this type of topic. By learning more about the factors that contributes the abuse, it might reduce or learns how to work preventive against this problem.

The aim of the work is to evaluate the progress and the status of the public and private retirement homes from the view of provided services, the capacity, financing and the participation of the public and private sector. The chosen administrative district is the district of Příbram. In the practical part there is the characteristic of selected public and private retirement homes. After this part there follows the economical and financial study regarding of development and operation of a new private retirement home. The result of the work is that it will be necessary build up other facilities providing social services to pensioners in the future. The study of the development and the operation of a new private retirement home was evaluated as the efficient one.

The diploma thesis is focused on the ambiguous position of private retirement homes in terms of view of legislative anchoring, public funding, management, operation and quality standards. It also identifies problematic areas of private retirement homes, which is not well described phenomenon in the Czech Republic. The theoretical part deals with the concept of Public Private Partnership. The factual background develops in detail the situation of private retirement homes in the Czech Republic. The aim of this thesis is to find out how the legislative conditions are set to Czech private retirement home's financing, establishing and management. Another aim is to find out the differences between public and private retirement homes and to identify potential problem areas.

Sammanfattning Denna studie syftar till att undersöka hur enhetschefer inom äldreomsorgen resonerar kring begreppet värdighet hos äldre personer som bor på särskilt boende, samt hur de ser till att deras personal omsätter värdighet i det praktiska arbetet. Värdighetsbegreppet diskuteras främst i förhållande till komponenterna bemötande och självbestämmande. Studien genomfördes med en kvalitativ forskningsmetod i form av semisstrukturerade intervjuer med fem enhetschefer inom äldreomsorgen. I analysen användes fyra olika teorier om värdighet, nämligen (I) meritvärdighet, (II) värdighet som moralisk resning, (III) identitetsvärdighet samt (IV) människovärde. Studien visar att begreppet värdighet rymmer en mängd olika beståndsdelar enligt enhetschefer för äldreomsorgen. Bland annat nämns individualitet, god omvårdnad, respektfullhet och gott bemötande som viktiga delar av värdigheten. Enhetschefer inom äldreomsorgen lägger också mycket vikt vid sin personal och huruvida de uppfyller dessa komponenter i sitt praktiska arbete kring äldre. Studien indikerar även att begreppet identitetsvärdighet bör uppmärksammas och lämnas mer utrymme inom verksamheter som rör äldre. / Abstract This study aims to examine how unit managers in eldercare reason about the concept of the dignity of older people living in residential care, and how they ensure that their staff turnover of dignity in the practical work. Dignity concept is discussed mainly in relation to the components of treatment and self-determination. The study was a qualitative research in the form of semi-structured interviews with five heads of units in elderly care. The analysis used four different theories of dignity, namely (I) merit dignity, (II) dignity as moral stature, (III) the identity and dignity and (IV) human dignity. The study shows that the concept of dignity can accommodate a variety of ingredients according to unit managers for their care. Among others mentioned individuality, good care, respectfulness and good treatment as essential elements of dignity. Heads of Unit in elderly care also places much emphasis on their staff and their compliance with these components in the practical work around the elderly. The study also indicates that the concept of dignity as identity should be recognized and given more space in the activities related to the elderly.

3 ABSTRACT The theme of my thesis : Use of canisteraphy in the elderly retirement home. The theme: Theme of my thesis was to studying the effect of canisteraphy and its progress on the quality of live senior sof older people living in geriatric facilities. Qualitative study was focused primarily on ganges in sociability and social skills, cognitive area, especially perception of stimulation, memory training, attention and influence on overall to a new environment in a retirement home. Methods : The research had a qualitative charakter, since my direct participation during the theraphy in the retirement home the metod of my research became direct watching the seniors in combination with interwiev. The Results: Using interview and studies, we had introduced the process of canisteraphy and its progress in a retirement home. Results indicated a positive effect especially in the areas of sociability and social skills, cognitive and overall area of adaptation in new environment in a retirement home. Key words : canistheraphy, geriatrics, seniors, retirement home,

This diploma work deals with the topic -- the qualitative service deliveries for seniors and at the same time it investigates with the satisfaction of seniors in retirement homes. Theme diploma work is "Qualitative analysis of providing services in homes for seniors in Pelhřimov region". The aim of this work is: Quality charting of seniors' satisfaction in retirement homes. Seniors' satisfaction inquesting in retirement homes. For inquesting of needed information an anonymous questionnaire form was made, which was introduced to seniors, who come from the retirement homes Domov blaholsavené Bronilavy, retirement home Humpolec and retirement home Onšov.

Bakgrund: För äldre personer som inte längre klarar sig själva i hemmet är oftast alternativet en flytt till ett äldreboende. Att flytta innebär för de allra flesta en väldigt stor omställning och förändring i livet där den äldre personen behöver göra sig hemmastadd på en helt ny plats sent i livet. Både den fysiska och psykosociala miljön på äldreboendet kan spela stor roll för beteende och livskvalitet hos den äldre. Denna litteraturöversikt söker finna de faktorer i just den fysiska miljön som kan göra äldreboendet till en plats som gynnar livskvalitet. Syfte: Att sammanställa forskningsbaserad kunskap om sambandet mellan den fysiska miljön och äldre personers beteende på äldreboende med ett fokus på hur det påverkar livskvaliteten. Metod: Litteraturöversikt med resultat hämtat från databaserna PubMed och Cinahl. Resultat: Resultatet visar att faktorer i den fysiska miljön har stor betydelse för beteende och livskvalitet hos de äldre personerna. Några av de faktorer som framkom var: betydelsen av en hemlik fysisk miljö, en planlösning som gynnar mobilitet, orientering och säkerhet samt tillgång till utomhusmiljöer. Slutsats: Uppbyggnaden av äldreboenden bör utföras så att de gynnar bland annat mobilisering, orientering och livskvalitet för den äldre personen. Att ta del av äldre personers önskemål och behov innebär att använda sig av ett personcentrerat förhållningssätt med patientens delaktighet och självbestämmande i fokus. Detta kan i sin tur leda till ökad livskvalitet. / Background: For older people who no longer live at home, the option is usually to move into a retirement home. Moving away from home at such age often means a great readjustment in life. Both the physical and psychosocial environment at the retirement home can be of great matter to behaviour and quality of life. This literature review aims to find the factors that influence behavioural aspects and quality of life of the elderly person. Aim: To compile research-based knowledge about the relationship between the physical environment and the elderly's behavior in retirement homes, focusing on how it affects quality of life. Method: Literature review with results obtained from the databases PubMed and Cinahl Results: The result shows that factors in the physical environment are of great importance to the behavior and quality of life of the elderly. Some of the factors that emerged were: the importance of a homelike physical environment, a plan solution that promotes mobility, orientation and security as well as access to outdoor environments. Conclusion: Construction of retirement homes should be conducted to promote mobilization, orientation and quality of life for the elderly. To address the wishes and needs of the elderly means using a person-centered approach with the patient's involvement and self-determination in focus. This can lead to increased quality of life.