Yes / Risk Management is one of the most relevant approaches and systematic application of strategies, procedures and practices management that have been introduced in literature to identifying and analysing risks which exist through the whole life of a product or a process. As a quality management tool, the novelty of this paper suggests a modified Failure Modes and Effect Analysis (FMEA) for understanding the non-technical risk comprehensively, and to attain a systemic methodology by decomposing the risk for nine risk categories including an appropriate 84 Risk Indicators (RI's) within all those categories through the Life Cycle (LC) stages of power plants. These risk categories have been identified as: economic risks, environmental and safety health risks, social risks, technological risks, customer/demand risks, supply chain risks, internal and operational business process risks, human resources risks and management risks. These indicators are collected from literatures. The enhanced FMEA has combined the exponential and the weighted geometric mean (WGM) to calculate the Exponential Weighted Geometric Mean-RPN (EWGM-RPN). The EWGM-RPN can be used to evaluate the risk level, after which the high-risk areas can be determined. Subsequently, effective actions either preventive or corrective can be taken in time to reduce the risk to an acceptable level. However, in this paper the FMEA will not adapt an action plan. Due to that, all RPN's will be considered depending on the point scale (1 to 5) afterward, the results will be combined and extended later with AHP. This developed methodology is able to boost effective decision- making about risks, improve the awareness towards the risk management at power plants, and assist the top management to have an acceptable and preferable understanding of the organisation than lower level managers do who are close to the day-to-day (tactical plan). Additionally, this will support the organisation to develop strategic plans which are for long term. And the essential part of applying this methodology is the economic benefit. Also, this paper includes developed sustainability perspective indicators with a new fourth pillar, which is the technological dimension. The results of the analysis show that the potential strategic makers should pay special attention to the environmental and internal and operational business process risks. The developed methodology will be applied and validated for different power plants in the Middle East. An expanded validation is required to completely prove drawbacks and benefits after completing the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) model. / Hashemite University, Jordan

[pt] O chamado Novo Imperialismo e os processos colonizatórios levados a cabo pelas grandes potências europeias nos séculos XIX e XX não apenas tiveram um papel fortemente constitutivo nas disciplinas da História, Sociologia, Antropologia e Relações Internacionais como também definiram em grande medida a geopolítica do sistema internacional contemporâneo. Apagado pela sequência de acontecimentos que fizeram do século XX um dos mais conturbados da História Ocidental, o colonialismo alemão tem passado nas últimas décadas por uma revisão profunda do ponto de vista historiográfico. O presente trabalho apresenta os marcos da inserção da mulher durante o Kaiserreich questionando as narrativas que a apresentam como questão. Uma das soluções à Frauenfrage será a criação das escolas coloniais femininas de Witzenhausen, Bad Weilbach e Rendsburg, temática retomada aqui a partir das lentes epistemológicas da História Global. A partir não apenas da história da experiência de formação colonial feminina, mas também de achados documentais que atestam uma troca de cartas entre as egressas da escola por mais de 20 anos, a pesquisa é guiada pelas seguintes perguntas: onde estão, ou estiveram, as mulheres no projeto de formação colonial? (Enloe, 2014) E o que disseram sobre o mundo ao seu redor? As percepções da realidade política e social partilhadas nas Rundbriefe - correspondências que circularam entre a narrativa pública e privada entre os anos o de 1938 e 1960 - desvelam um outro mapa de relações transnacionais: uma cartografia em que mulheres reescreveram os destinos traçados pelo modelo de formação colonial e política populacional da Alemanha imperial definidos no início do século passado, escreveram a partir de novos lugares materiais e sociais e, por fim, construíram narrativas da geopolítica do decorrer do século XX com efeitos até os dias de hoje. / [en] During the XIX and XX centuries, what was known as New Imperialism and the wave of colonization fuelled by major European powers played a leading role in structuring studies of History, Sociology, Anthropology and International Relations, while also defining the international framework of contemporary geopolitics, to a great extent. Eclipsed by the string of events that made the XX century one of the most turbulent in Western History, German colonialism has undergone a sweeping review during the past few decades from the historiographic standpoint. This analysis explores the roles of women during the Kaiserreich, examining narratives presenting them as a question. One of the solutions to Frauenfrage was to set up colonial girls schools at Witzenhausen, Bad Weilbach and Rendsburg, exploring this topic here through the epistemological lenses of Global History. Based not only on the track-record of colonial schooling for women, but also documentary findings reflecting exchanges of letters between school friends for more than twenty years, this research project is steered by the following questions; where are (or were) the women addressed by the colonial schooling project? (Enloe, 2014) What did they say about the world around them? Perceptions of the political and social realities are shared in these Rundbriefe that move seamlessly between public and private narratives between 1938 and 1960, disclosing very different depictions of transnational relationships. In this personal cartography, women rewrote the fates shaped for them by the colonial education model and population policies of Imperial Germany defined at the start of the past century. Described from unsuspected locations both in material and social terms, they built up geopolitical narratives that streamed through the XX century, with effects that extend through today.

Des études récentes montrent une part croissante de requêtes sur les moteurs de recherche du Web comportant des critères géographiques. Cette part est encore plus conséquente sur des corpus plus spécifiques tels que des documents patrimoniaux (récits de voyages par exemple). On admet que l'information géographique est composée de trois facettes : le spatial, le temporel et le thématique. Les travaux effectués dans notre laboratoire visent l'extraction et la construction d'index indépendants et spécifiques aux trois facettes (spatiales, temporelles et thématiques). L'objet de ce travail de thèse est de combiner les trois facettes pour effectuer des recherches multicritère. Ce travail s'intègre au croisement de plusieurs disciplines : Traitement Automatique des Langages Naturels (TALN), Systèmes d'Information Géographique (SIG), Recherche d'Information classique (RI) et Recherche d'Information Géographique (RIG). Notre première contribution porte sur une méthode originale de combinaison des index spécifiques. Lors de l'interrogation il s'agit de questionner de manières indépendantes les différents index puis de combiner les listes de résultats restitués lors de leur interrogation. De plus, nous proposons à un utilisateur de personnaliser cette combinaison par des contraintes. Pour pouvoir effectuer cette combinaison, nous proposons d'imiter les approches d'homogénéisation utilisées dans les stratégies de RI classiques portant sur des termes et les lemmes correspondants. Pour les informations géographiques il s'agit de les redécouper en tuiles et de travailler sur leur fréquence d'apparition. Notre deuxième contribution porte sur une approche d'uniformisation générique mise en œuvre sur l'information spatiale et l'information temporelle. Afin d'évaluer ces différentes propositions, nous les avons testées et validées via différents prototypes et expérimentations. La dernière contribution consiste en un cadre d'évaluation d'un système de recherche géographique. Grâce à ce cadre nous avons pu vérifier et quantifier l'apport de la combinaison de critères géographiques ainsi que comparer différentes approches de combinaisons.

This thesis illustrates a general sense of national identity within the Taiwanese people brought on by the Kuomintang (KMT) and existing throughout the KMT's reign over the island, and contrasts this with the new identity that came to exist in the post-KMT period. Comparisons are centered around two works of literature: Sayonara, Zaijian!, written in 1979 by Chunming Huang, and My Diary of Japanomania, written in 1999 by Hari Xingzi. Louis Althusser's view of history-based on structural materialism, complexity and overdetermination---will be employed to discuss and explain the contrast between Sayonara, Zaijian! and My Diary of Japanomania in order to discover how national subject is formed and how it interacts within ideology.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:47:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ThaisLM.pdf: 1906269 bytes, checksum: 4f1de4c844201f3665e0b05a98f48baf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-02-17 / The software development processes proposed by the most recent approaches in Software Engineering make use old models. UML was proposed as the standard language for modeling. The user interface is an important part of the software and has a fundamental importance to improve its usability. Unfortunately the standard UML does not offer appropriate resources to model user interfaces. Some proposals have already been proposed to solve this problem: some authors have been using models in the development of interfaces (Model Based Development) and some proposals to extend UML have been elaborated. But none of them considers the theoretical perspective presented by the semiotic engineering, that considers that, through the system, the designer should be able to communicate to the user what he can do, and how to use the system itself. This work presents Visual IMML, an UML Profile that emphasizes the aspects of the semiotic engineering. This Profile is based on IMML, that is a declarative textual language. The Visual IMML is a proposal that aims to improve the specification process by using a visual modeling (using diagrams) language. It proposes a new set of modeling elements (stereotypes) specifically designed to the specification and documentation of user interfaces, considering the aspects of communication, interaction and functionality in an integrated manner / Os processos de desenvolvimento de software proposto pelas abordagens mais recentes da Engenharia de Software utilizam modelos e a UML foi proposta como a linguagem padr?o para a modelagem. A interface de usu?rio ? uma parte importante do software e fundamental para melhorar a usabilidade. Por?m a UML padr?o n?o oferece recursos adequados para a modelagem da interface de usu?rio. V?rias propostas v?m surgindo para solucionar esse problema. Alguns autores t?m utilizado modelos no desenvolvimento de interface (Desenvolvimento Baseado em Modelos) e v?rias propostas de extens?es da UML t?m sido elaboradas. No entanto, nenhuma delas considera a perspectiva te?rica proposta pela engenharia semi?tica que considera que atrav?s do sistema o designer deve comunicar para o usu?rio o que ele pode fazer e como ele utiliza o pr?prio sistema. Este trabalho apresenta um Perfil UML que enfatiza os aspectos da perspectiva da engenharia semi?tica. Esse Perfil est? baseado na IMML que ? uma linguagem textual declarativa. A Visual IMML, como ? denominada, ? uma proposta que vem melhorar o processo de especifica??o com a IMML atrav?s de uma modelagem visual (diagram?tica). Ela prop?e um conjunto de novos elementos de modelagem (estere?tipos) elaborados para a especifica??o e documenta??o de interfaces de usu?rio, considerando os aspectos de comunica??o, intera??o e funcionais de forma integrada

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T12:30:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Nilton1.pdf: 309498 bytes, checksum: 6ff7b61112c990518cb71495d6dd4fb6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-02-27 / The purpose of this study is showing that clear semantics and user-friendly navigability on IR websites are essential to communicate with single investors as well as their understanding of the Good Corporate Governance Practices adopted by firms that joined Bovespa s Novo Mercado. This work is divided into four stages. The first chapter explains what Corporate Governance is and how this concept was implemented in Brazil, introduces the stock market, Bovespa s Novo Mercado (New Market) and discusses subjects related to the financial sector. Next, it focuses on the evolution of corporate communications and how the organizations had to adapt their corporate culture and communications channels due to the ongoing and non-stop series of transactions (mergers & acquisitions and incorporations) that has been happening in Brazil since 1994, after Plano Real. This process enabled a geopolitical, cultural, economical and social alteration within corporations. Still in this chapter, the study shows the communications channels characteristics used by corporations in order to interact with their key public. Also, it displays how the internet and all digital media have integrated in this corporate process, the relationship with the investors, IR websites of the New Market firms and individual investor s profile. At last, the study shows the evaluation of IR websites, adopted criteria in order to examining homepage and further pages construction. At this point, the goal was to evaluate clear semantics, that is, the way the information is delivered to individual investors, the accessibility of this communication channel such as the number o clicks needed to obtain access to any piece of information and if the websites have specific areas for this public. Finally, the results are presented, as well as an analysis of corporate communication before and after joining Bovespa s New Market and the final conclusions.(AU) / O estudo pretende mostrar que a clareza semântica e a fácil navegabilidade nos sites de Relações com Investidores são essenciais para a comunicação com os investidores individuais bem como para a sua compreensão das Boas Práticas da Governança Corporativa adotadas pelas empresas que aderiram ao Novo Mercado da Bovespa. O trabalho está dividido em quatro etapas. O primeiro capítulo explica o que é Governança Corporativa, como esse conceito foi implementado no Brasil, apresenta o mercado de ações, o Novo Mercado e aborda os temas relacionados ao setor financeiro. Em seguida, aborda a evolução da comunicação empresarial e como as organizações tiveram que adaptar a sua cultura organizacional e os canais de comunicação devido à constante e ininterrupta série de transações (aquisições, fusões e incorporações) que acontecem no Brasil desde 1994, com o início do Plano Real. Esse processo proporcionou uma alteração geopolítica, cultural, econômica e social nas corporações. Ainda nesse capítulo o estudo apresenta as características dos canais que as organizações utilizam para se comunicar com os públicos de referência. Mostra também como a internet e as demais mídias digitais se integraram nesse processo corporativo, a relação com os investidores, os sites de RI das empresas do Novo Mercado e o perfil do investidor individual. Por último, o estudo apresenta a avaliação dos sites de RI, os critérios adotados para analisar a construção das homepages e demais páginas. Nesse ponto, o objetivo foi avaliar a clareza semântica, ou seja, a maneira como as informações são transmitidas para os investidores individuais, a acessibilidade desse canal de comunicação como a quantidade de cliques necessária para ter acesso a qualquer informação e se os sites possuem espaços específicos para esse público. Finalmente, são apresentados os resultados e uma análise da comunicação empresarial dessas empresas antes e depois da entrada das mesmas no Novo Mercado da Bovespa e as considerações finais.(AU)

Cette thèse se situe dans le contexte des modèles logique de Recherche d'Information (RI). Le travail présenté dans la thèse est principalement motivé par l'inexactitude de l'hypothèse sur l'indépendance de termes. En effet, cette hypothèse communément acceptée en RI stipule que les termes d'indexation sont indépendant les un des autres. Cette hypothèse est fausse en pratique mais permet tout de même aux systèmes de RI de donner de bon résultats. La proposition contenue dans cette thèse met également l'emphase sur la nature déductive du processus de jugement de pertinence. Les logiques formelles sont bien adaptées pour la représentation des connaissances. Elles permettent ainsi de représenter les relations entre les termes. Les logiques formelles sont également des systèmes d'inférence, ainsi la RI à base de logique constitue une piste de travail pour construire des systèmes efficaces de RI. Cependant, en étudiant les modèles actuels de RI basés sur la logique, nous montrons que ces modèles ont généralement des lacunes. Premièrement, les modèles de RI logiques proposent normalement des représentations complexes de document et des requête et difficile à obtenir automatiquement. Deuxièmement, la décision de pertinence d->q, qui représente la correspondance entre un document d et une requête q, pourrait être difficile à vérifier. Enfin, la mesure de l'incertitude U(d->q) est soit ad-hoc ou difficile à mettre en oeuvre. Dans cette thèse, nous proposons un nouveau modèle de RI logique afin de surmonter la plupart des limites mentionnées ci-dessus. Nous utilisons la logique propositionnelle (PL). Nous représentons les documents et les requêtes comme des phrases logiques écrites en Forme Normale Disjonctive. Nous argumentons également que la décision de pertinence d->q pourrait être remplacée par la validité de l'implication matérielle. Pour vérifier si d->q est valide ou non, nous exploitons la relation potentielle entre PL et la théorie des treillis. Nous proposons d'abord une représentation intermédiaire des phrases logiques, où elles deviennent des noeuds dans un treillis ayant une relation d'ordre partiel équivalent à la validité de l'implication matérielle. En conséquence, nous transformons la vérification de validité de d->q, ce qui est un calcul intensif, en une série de vérifications simples d'inclusion d'ensembles. Afin de mesurer l'incertitude de la décision de pertinence U(d->q), nous utilisons la fonction du degré d'inclusion Z, qui est capable de quantifier les relations d'ordre partielles définies sur des treillis. Enfin, notre modèle est capable de travailler efficacement sur toutes les phrases logiques sans aucune restriction, et est applicable aux données à grande échelle. Notre modèle apporte également quelques conclusions théoriques comme: la formalisation de l'hypothèse de van Rijsbergen sur l'estimation de l'incertitude logique U(d->q) en utilisant la probabilité conditionnelle P(q|d), la redéfinition des deux notions Exhaustivité et Spécificité, et finalement ce modèle a également la possibilité de reproduire les modèles les plus classiques de RI. De manière pratique, nous construisons trois instances opérationnelles de notre modèle. Une instance pour étudier l'importance de Exhaustivité et Spécificité, et deux autres pour montrer l'insuffisance de l'hypothèse sur l'indépendance des termes. Nos résultats expérimentaux montrent un gain de performance lors de l'intégration Exhaustivité et Spécificité. Cependant, les résultats de l'utilisation de relations sémantiques entre les termes ne sont pas suffisants pour tirer des conclusions claires. Le travail présenté dans cette thèse doit être poursuivit par plus d'expérimentations, en particulier sur l'utilisation de relations, et par des études théoriques en profondeur, en particulier sur les propriétés de la fonction Z. / This thesis is situated in the context of logic-based Information Retrieval (IR) models. The work presented in this thesis is mainly motivated by the inadequate term-independence assumption, which is well-accepted in IR although terms are normally related, and also by the inferential nature of the relevance judgment process. Since formal logics are well-adapted for knowledge representation, and then for representing relations between terms, and since formal logics are also powerful systems for inference, logic-based IR thus forms a candidate piste of work for building effective IR systems. However, a study of current logic-based IR models shows that these models generally have some shortcomings. First, logic-based IR models normally propose complex, and hard to obtain, representations for documents and queries. Second, the retrieval decision d->q, which represents the matching between a document d and a query q, could be difficult to verify or check. Finally, the uncertainty measure U(d->q) is either ad-hoc or hard to implement. In this thesis, we propose a new logic-based IR model to overcome most of the previous limits. We use Propositional Logic (PL) as an underlying logical framework. We represent documents and queries as logical sentences written in Disjunctive Normal Form. We also argue that the retrieval decision d->q could be replaced by the validity of material implication. We then exploit the potential relation between PL and lattice theory to check if d->q is valid or not. We first propose an intermediate representation of logical sentences, where they become nodes in a lattice having a partial order relation that is equivalent to the validity of material implication. Accordingly, we transform the checking of the validity of d->q, which is a computationally intensive task, to a series of simple set-inclusion checking. In order to measure the uncertainty of the retrieval decision U(d->q), we use the degree of inclusion function Z that is capable of quantifying partial order relations defined on lattices. Finally, our model is capable of working efficiently on any logical sentence without any restrictions, and is applicable to large-scale data. Our model also has some theoretical conclusions, including, formalizing and showing the adequacy of van Rijsbergen assumption about estimating the logical uncertainty U(d->q) through the conditional probability P(q|d), redefining the two notions Exhaustivity and Specificity, and the possibility of reproducing most classical IR models as instances of our model. We build three operational instances of our model. An instance to study the importance of Exhaustivity and Specificity, and two others to show the inadequacy of the term-independence assumption. Our experimental results show worthy gain in performance when integrating Exhaustivity and Specificity into one concrete IR model. However, the results of using semantic relations between terms were not sufficient to draw clear conclusions. On the contrary, experiments on exploiting structural relations between terms were promising. The work presented in this thesis can be developed either by doing more experiments, especially about using relations, or by more in-depth theoretical study, especially about the properties of the Z function.

No description available.

[pt] Esta dissertação tem como objetivo investigar como entendimentos teóricos tradicionais (tanto nas Relações Internacionais como na teoria política no geral) sobre comunidades políticas são desafiados na contemporaneidade, tendo como ponto de vista as comunidades de fãs articuladas na internet (fandoms). Abordagens teóricas mainstream postulam que a comunidade política exemplar e a única que, portanto, tem impacto na condução da política e deve ser analisada é o Estado-nação. O Estado é tratado, por essas teorias, como uma entidade atemporal e a-histórica, natural ao sistema internacional. Estas características traçam limites às formas de imaginação da comunidade política, resultando em implicações acerca da territorialidade e vinculação do Estado com uma nação. Esses limites à imaginação possível da comunidade política têm sido cada vez mais questionados nas RI, inclusive através de análises que desnaturalizam o Estado como forma única de organização da vida política. A dissertação caminha nesta mesma direção, tendo os fandoms como ponto de vista. O argumento principal da dissertação é que fandoms apresentam desafios às concepções tradicionais do que são as comunidades políticas, especialmente através de dois aspectos: a territorialidade, visto que fandoms existem na internet, que é desterritorializada; e a nacionalidade, visto que os apegos emocionais que fundam e mantêm a comunidade existindo são ao objeto de fã e a outros fãs. / [en] This dissertation aims to investigate how traditional theoretical understandings (both in International Relations and in political theory in general) about political communities are challenged in contemporary times, through the point of view of fan communities articulated on the internet (fandoms). Mainstream theoretical approaches postulate that the exemplary political community and the only one that has an impact on politics and should be analysed is the nation-state. The state is treated, by these theories, as a timeless and a-historical entity, natural to the international system. These characteristics draw limits to the forms of imagination of the political community, resulting in implications about the territoriality and link between the state and a nation. These limits to the possible imagination of the political community have been increasingly questioned in IR, including through analyses that denaturalize the state as the only way of organizing political life. The dissertation moves in the same direction, taking fandoms as a point of view. The main argument of the dissertation is that fandoms present challenges to the traditional conceptions of what political communities are, especially through two aspects: territoriality, since fandoms exist on the internet, which is deterritorialized; and nationality, since the emotional attachments that found and maintain the community are to the fan object and other fans.

No description available.