Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-08T16:44:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PGPV08MA045.pdf: 1539949 bytes, checksum: 63ef5195cb1b2a7d44e1a311ac45277e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-12-15 / This report aimed to correlate the incidence of stem blight and root rot with different populations of plants of soybean cultivars CD 213 RR and BRS 255 RR in an area of no till under rotation of crops with maize and under the succession of wheat. As auxiliary tools, were evaluated the number of stems, the final plant height and diameter of the base stem of the plants. The experiments were conducted in the county of Muitos Capões, RS, during the harvests of 2006/07 and 2007/08. Were tested densities of 12, 18, 24, 30 and 36 viable seeds m2-1, with space among line of 45 cm.The experimental units were plots of 5 m of width and 10 m of length, arranged in randomized experimental configuration of blocks, with four replications. The incidence of stem blight was measured at different phenological stages of culture and the determination of the number of stems and height of plants was made when the plants were complete maturity. The data were submitted to the regression analysis. There were positive and significant correlation between the increase of the plant population and increment of incidence of stem blight for two cultivars in two harvests. There was no significant correlation between incidence of Phomopsis sojae in grains and increase in the population of plants, nor when it was correlated with the incidence of stem blight. The height and number of stems per plant had influence of different populations of plants with positive and significant correlations. The results showed that the management of soybean avoiding high population of plants contributes to reduce the incidence of stem blight, which is correlated with the modifications made by the height and number of stems per plant. The incidence of root rot was measured at the stage of complete maturity, with identification of the predominant fungi and determination of the diameter of the stem base of the plant. There was positive and significant correlation between increase in population of plants and increment in the incidence of root rot for CD 213 RR in the both seasons. In BRS 255 RR there was no correlation. Both cultivars showed negative and significant correlation between increment of the population of plants and diameter of the stem base. In the CD 213 RR there was negative and significant correlation between the stem base diameter and incidence of root rot, the same did not occurred for BRS 255 RR cultivar. There were differences between the predominant species of fungi found infecting the roots for the two cultivars, however there was no difference between the harvests. The incidence of fungi species associated with root rot showed no significant correlation with the increase in population of plants in the two cultivars and harvests. In the two harvests and cultivars there was no significant difference in yield of grains. The results allow to conclude for CD 213 RR cultivar that the root rot can be reduced avoiding populations higher than 24 plants per m2 / O objetivo deste trabalho foi correlacionar a incidência da seca da haste e de podridões radiculares em diferentes populações de plantas de soja cultivares CD 213 RR e BRS 255 RR em área de plantio direto sob rotação de culturas com milho e sucessão ao trigo. Além da incidência foram avaliadas o número de hastes, a altura final das plantas e o diâmetro do colo das plantas. Os experimentos foram conduzidos no município de Muitos Capões, RS, durante as safras agrícolas de 2006/07 e 2007/08. Foram testadas densidades de 12, 18, 24, 30 e 36 sementes aptas m2-1, com espaçamento entre linha de 45 cm. As unidades experimentais foram parcelas de 5 m de largura e 10 m de comprimento, arranjadas em delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições. A incidência da seca da haste foi quantificada em diferentes estádios fenológicos da cultura e a determinação do número de hastes e da altura de plantas foi feita quando as plantas se encontravam em maturação completa. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de regressão. Houve correlação positiva e significativa entre o aumento da população de plantas e incremento na incidência de seca da haste para duas cultivares nas duas safras. Não houve correlação significativa entre incidência de Phomopsis sp. nos grãos e aumento na população de plantas, nem tampouco quando se correlacionou com a incidência da seca da haste. A altura e o número de hastes por planta sofreram influência das diferentes populações de plantas, com correlações positivas e significativas. Os resultados mostraram que o manejo da soja evitando elevada população de plantas contribui para reduzir a incidência da seca da haste, que está correlacionada com as modificações sofridas pela altura e o número de hastes por planta. A incidência das podridões radiculares foi quantificada no estádio de maturação completa, com identificação dos fungos predominantes e também determinação do diâmetro do colo da planta. Houve correlação positiva e significativa entre aumento na população de plantas e incremento na incidência de podridões radiculares para CD 213 RR nas duas safras. Na BRS 255 RR não houve correlação. Nas duas cultivares houve correlação negativa e significativa entre aumento na população de plantas e diâmetro do colo. Na CD 213 RR houve correlação negativa e significativa entre diâmetro do colo e incidência de podridões radiculares; o mesmo não ocorreu para cultivar BRS 255 RR. Houve diferenças entre as espécies predominantes de fungos encontrados infectando as raízes para as duas cultivares, porém não houve diferença entre as safras. A incidência das espécies de fungos associadas às podridões radiculares não apresentou correlação significativa com o aumento na população de plantas nas duas cultivares e safras, bem como no rendimento de grãos. Os resultados permitem concluir para cultivar CD 213 RR que as podridões radiculares podem ser reduzidas evitando populações acima de 24 plantas por m2

Apesar das excelentes condições edafoclimáticas para a produção de abacates no Brasil, a cultura encontra limitações relacionadas à baixa produtividade e suscetibilidade à podridão da raiz causada por Phytophthora cinnamomi, a principal doença da cultura nas distintas regiões produtoras. A aplicação de coberturas naturais ao solo é uma das estratégias que visa o controle desta doença, e entre seus benefícios estão a maior disponibilidade de água e nutrientes, menor competição das plantas daninhas, melhoria da estrutura, porosidade e fertilidade do solo e melhor aspecto sanitário das plantas, por favorecer a formação de um ambiente supressivo ao desenvolvimento do patógeno, pelo aumento do sistema radicular e da população de microorganismos antagônicos. Todos estes benefícios das coberturas naturais, junto ao aporte de nutrientes após sua incorporação, favorecem indiretamente a produção e o crescimento dos frutos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar distintos manejos da vegetação intercalar em abacateiros \'Hass\' visando à obtenção de coberturas naturais que, aplicadas ao solo, permitam minimizar a incidência da podridão radicular, promovendo melhorias no estado sanitário das plantas e na produção. Entre 2011 e 2013 foram avaliados cinco tratamentos: T1: ausência de vegetação intercalar, sem aplicação de cobertura morta sob a copa das plantas; T2: ausência de vegetação intercalar e duas aplicações externas de cobertura morta sob a copa; T3: duas deposições de cobertura morta sob a copa, obtida pelo corte da vegetação intercalar com roçadeira enleiradora lateral (REL); T4: três deposições de cobertura morta sob a copa, obtida pelo corte da vegetação intercalar com REL, e T5: manutenção da vegetação intercalar com três cortes anuais utilizando roçadeira convencional, sem deposição de cobertura morta sob a copa. O delineamento estatístico foi em blocos aleatorizados, com 6 repetições e 3 plantas úteis por parcela, nas quais foram avaliados: os teores de macronutrientes e micronutrientes em folhas e no solo; desenvolvimento vegetativo e radicular, produção de frutos, aspecto visual das plantas, massa seca da vegetação intercalar, espessura da cobertura morta e características químicas e microbiológicas do solo. A aplicação de coberturas vegetais resultou em um maior crescimento das plantas e maior tamanho dos frutos, sem efeito significativo sobre a produção. A deposição de cobertura morta obtida com REL favoreceu o desenvolvimento das raízes na camada superficial do solo. No entanto, os tratamentos não influenciaram significativamente o aspecto visual sanitário das plantas, nem os teores de macronutrientes e micronutrientes nas folhas e no solo. O manejo da vegetação intercalar com roçadeira convencional resultou em maior volume de massa seca, já o manejo desta com dois ou três cortes anuais utilizando REL depositou uma quantidade similar de cobertura morta sob a copa, que foi inferior à depositada pela aplicação externa de cobertura (T2). Todos os tratamentos com deposição de cobertura vegetal suprimiram o desenvolvimento de plantas daninhas sob a copa. No tratamento sem aplicação de cobertura morta e sem vegetação intercalar, houve aumento na população de P. cinnamomi no solo. Comparativamente, no período de dois anos, não foram observadas diferenças na população de actinomicetos no solo dos distintos tratamentos. / Despite the excellent soil and climatic conditions for avocado production in Brazil, the culture has limitations related to low productivity and susceptibility to avocado root rot caused by Phytophthora cinnamomi, the main crop disease in all producing areas. Mulching is one of the strategies utilized for controlling this disease, with several benefits such as an improved soil water and nutrients availability for roots, reduced weed competition, improved soil structure, porosity and fertility and enhanced plant health condition, due to the creation of a suppressive environment for the development of the pathogen, by increasing root density and the population of antagonistic microorganisms. All these benefits of natural mulches, together with the supply of nutrients and assimilates after their incorporation to the soil, indirectly enhance fruit yield and size. The aim of this work was to evaluate different managements of inter-row vegetation in an adult \'Hass\' avocado orchard in order to obtain mulches which, after being applied to the soil, will allow reducing root rot incidence, thus promoting improvement of plant sanitary condition, with positive effects on fruit yield. From 2011 through 2013, five treatments were evaluated: T1: absence of inter-row vegetation, without mulch application under the canopy; T2: absence of inter-row vegetation and two applications of external mulch under the canopy: T3: two mulch depositions under the canopy obtained after cutting off the inter-row vegetation with a lateral alignment mower (LAM); T4: three mulch depositions under the canopy obtained after cutting off the inter-row vegetation with a LAM, and T5: maintenance of natural inter-row vegetation with three annual cuttings using a conventional mower, without mulch deposition under the canopy. The experiment was conducted in randomized blocks, with 6 repetitions and 3 plants per plot, on which the following variables were measured: levels of macro and micronutrients in leaves and soil; root and plant size development; fruit yield and size; plant sanitary condition visually assessed with a 10-note scale; biomass of inter-row vegetation; mulch thickness and chemical and microbiological soil characteristics. Mulching resulted in larger plant growth and fruit size, with no significant effects on fruit yield. Application of mulch obtained with a LAM enhanced root growth in the surface soil layer. Nonetheless, the treatments did not significantly affect nor the plant sanitary aspect, neither the leaf or soil levels of macro and micronutrients. Management of inter-row vegetation with a conventional mower resulted in larger biomass development, while managing inter-row vegetation with two or three cuttings with LAM per year resulted in similar amounts of mulch laid down under the canopy, yet less than with the application of external mulch (T2). All the treatments with mulch deposition suppressed weed growth under the canopy. In the treatment with no mulch and no inter-row cropping, a larger population of P. cinnamomi was recorded. There were no differences in the Actinomycetes soil population among treatments.

Dans un contexte d’agriculture durable, la création de variétés combinant des facteurs génétiques de résistance et d’architecture de la plante présente un intérêt majeur pour limiter le développement des maladies. La thèse a visé à analyser l’interdépendance des déterminants génétiques de l’architecture racinaire et de la résistance à A. euteiches, agent pathogène tellurique majeur du pois. Une analyse de génétique d’association conduite sur tout le génome, à partir d’une collection de 266 lignées de pois, a permis d’identifier 150 locus de résistance et d’architecture et de les comparer aux QTL précédemment étudiés. Une région commune à effet majeur a été associée à la résistance et à un caractère de développement racinaire intrinsèque. Plusieurs régions ont été détectées à la fois pour la résistance et des caractères de vigueur racinaire en réponse à l’infection.La combinaison de la résistance et de caractères d’architecture dans une sélection de lignées a été associée à une réduction des pertes de rendement au champ. Les résultats ont permis d’apporter des connaissances originales sur la génétique comparative de la résistance aux maladies et de l’architecture des plantes au niveau racinaire. Ils fournissent des outils, géniteurs et éléments de choix de QTL de résistance et d’architecture racinaire à combiner pour la sélection de futures variétés de pois résistantes à A. euteiches. / In a sustainable agriculture context, breeding for varieties combining genetic resistance and plant architecture is of major interest to limit diseases impacts in crops. The aim of this thesis was to analyze the interpendance of the genetic determinants of root architecture and resistance to Aphanomyces euteiches, a major soil born pathogen of peas. A genome wide association analysis among a 266-pea-line collection enabled us to pinpoint a total of 150 loci associated with resistance and plant architecture, and to compare them with QTL detected in previous studies. A common major locus was associated with resistance and an intrinsic root architecture trait.Several loci were detected for both resistance and disease-induced architecture. The combination of resistance and some architecture traits in selected pea lines was associated with reduced yield losses in infested fields. Results provide original knowledge on comparative genetics of disease resistance and plant architecture for root rot diseases. They provide tools (SNPs and marker haplotypes), parental lines and information for the choice of resistance and architecture QTL to combine in breeding strategies to improve resistance to A. euteiches in future pea varieties.

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Submitted by Marlene Santos (marlene.bc.ufg@gmail.com) on 2018-08-01T17:33:51Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Maythsulene Inácio de Sousa Oliveira - 2015.pdf: 3135445 bytes, checksum: a08e11c7f2df635f3ff7726cfde58f49 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-08-02T11:09:15Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Maythsulene Inácio de Sousa Oliveira - 2015.pdf: 3135445 bytes, checksum: a08e11c7f2df635f3ff7726cfde58f49 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-02T11:09:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Maythsulene Inácio de Sousa Oliveira - 2015.pdf: 3135445 bytes, checksum: a08e11c7f2df635f3ff7726cfde58f49 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-04-11 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is grown in Brazil in three different cropping seasons, and in diverse agroecosystems. In such different environments, the crop is exposed to several constraints responsible for yield losses, such as pathogenic organisms. Among common bean relevant diseases, fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli), dry root-rot (Fusarium solani) and Curtobacterium wilt (Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens) have similar symptoms, hindering diagnosis in the field, and whose identification in seed health testing is also limited. In both cases, identification at species level is an important step to manage this root pathogen complex, whose detection can be improved by molecular biology tools. Therefore, this study aimed to: 1) to develop and validate a multiplex PCR (m-PCR) method for simultaneous identification of three common bean pathogens, F. oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli, F. solani and C. flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens; and 2) develop an isothermal amplification of DNA (LAMP) method to detect of F. oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli on seeds. M-PCR method was developed for identification of isolated colonies, as well as infected seeds. In seeds, total DNA was obtained by alkaline lysis method, which inactivates nucleases during the extraction process. M-PCR allowed the identification of all pathogens, with detection of C. flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens, F. oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli and F. solani amplicons in agarose gel with respectively 306, 609 and 143 base pairs. Furthermore, m-PCR also reduced costs and time to detect Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli from 10 days to three hours. It was not possible to develop an optimized protocol for detection of F. oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli by the LAMP method, using only the tf1 gene for design of primers, since such primers were functional only for amplifying large amounts of target DNA. Based on the negative results with LAMP, it is suggested that further studies should be performed using other DNA sequences available in GenBank database. / O feijoeiro-comum (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) é cultivado durante todo o ano no território brasileiro, em três épocas distintas e em vários agroecosistemas. Nestes ambientes distintos, a cultura está exposta a diversos fatores que causam perdas de rendimento, como o ataque de patógenos. Dentre as doenças do feijoeiro-comum encontram-se a murcha-de-fusarium (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli), a podridão-radicular-seca (Fusarium solani) e a murcha-de-curtobacterium (Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens) que apresentam sintomas semelhantes, dificultando seu diagnóstico no campo, e cuja identificação em testes de sanidade de sementes também é limitada. Em ambos os casos, a identificação em nível de espécie é uma importante etapa do manejo deste complexo de patógenos, cuja detecção pode ser aperfeiçoada com a adoção de ferramentas de biologia molecular. Portanto, este estudo teve como objetivos: 1) Desenvolver e validar um método de multiplex PCR (m-PCR) para identificação simultânea de três espécies de patógenos do feijoeiro-comum, F. oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli, F. solani e C. flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens; e 2) desenvolver a técnica de amplificação isotérmica de DNA (LAMP) para detecção de F. oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli em sementes. O método de m-PCR foi desenvolvido para identificação de colônias isoladas bem como sementes infectadas. Nas sementes, o DNA total foi obtido pela lise alcalina, método que inativa nucleases durante o processo de extração. A m-PCR possibilitou a identificação de todos os patógenos, com detecção de C. flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens, F. oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli e F. solani em bandas formadas em gel de agarose respectivamente com 306, 609 e 143 pares de base. Além disso, a extração do DNA total das sementes pela lise alcalina em combinação com a m-PCR também possibilitou redução de custos e tempo de realização do diagnóstico de Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli, de 10 dias para três horas. Não foi possível estabelecer um protocolo otimizado para detecção de F. oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli pelo método LAMP, utilizando somente o gene tf1 para desenho dos iniciadores, uma vez que, os iniciadores revelaram-se funcionais apenas para a amplificação com grandes quantidades de DNA alvo. Diante dos resultados obtidos com LAMP, sugere-se que estudos posteriores sejam realizados empregando outras sequências de DNA disponíveis no banco de dados GenBank.

La vanille, utilisée en alimentation et parfumerie, est une orchidée originaire d’Amérique centrale et maintenant cultivée dans l’océan indien (Vanilla planifolia, 97% de la production mondiale) et dans l’océan pacifique (Vanilla tahitensis, 3% de la production mondiale, essentiellement en Polynésie française).J’ai montré que Vanilla tahitensis était aussi sensible que Vanilla planifolia à la fusariose et représentait la maladie principale de la vanille en Polynésie française comme dans le reste des zones de production des vanilles aromatiques. J’ai participé à démontrer qu’il s’agissait d’une nouvelle espèce de Fusarium oxysporum « f. sp. radicis-vanillae » car elle ne s’attaque qu’au cortex racinaire et ne pénètre que peu dans les tissus vasculaires. J’ai suivi pendant 4 ans l’évolution qualitative et quantitative des dégâts dus à 6 pathogènes et ravageurs dans 51 plantations à Raiatea, principalement des ombrières. J’ai ainsi montré que, contrairement aux autres pathologies et ravageurs, la fusariose connaissait un développement presqu’exponentiel ces 3 dernières années, comme c’est également le cas sur Vanilla planifolia dans le reste du monde. Ayant, par ailleurs, conduit un travail d’enquête auprès des producteurs, j’ai indiqué (l’analyse statistique et la modélisation afférente ne sont pas terminées) que le soin apporté aux lianes par les producteurs était essentiel au bon contrôle de la fusariose. / Vanilla species, used for aroma and flagrances, are orchidaceae originated from central America. They are now mostly cultivated in the Indian ocean (Vanilla planifolia, 97%, mainly in Madagascar, Indonesia, India and smaller islands from the Indian ocean) and in the Pacific ocean (Vanilla tahitensis, 3%, mainly French Polynesia).I have shown that Vanilla tahitensis was as susceptible as Vanilla planifolia towards fusarium root rot. It does represent the major losses on Vanilla tahitensis in Raiatea like reported for all the other areas of vanilla production worldly. I have participated to show that this fungus was delimited to root cortex maceration and did not invade vascular tissues, reason for which we use a new name for this pathogen : Fusarium oxysporum f sp radicis-vanillae.I have followed the etiological and epidemiological characteristics of this disease and of 5 other pathogens and insects on 51 Vanilla plantations, mainly shade-houses, during 4 years, for each vine in cohort analysis manner. I have shown, among this 6 biological causes of loss, fusarium root rot was the only one to present an exponential trajectory within the last 3 years, while the other causes remain stable or display a year increase because of climatic reasons. I did interview all the producers owning these plantations and analyze statistically the answers to the very numerous questions. The statistical and modelling analysis is not yet finished. Nevertheless, I can already claim that regular vine cleaning is absolutely necessary to maintain the vanilla plantations healthy, something which, unfortunately is not a rule for everyone.

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Dans la forêt de pin maritime (Pinus pinaster) des Landes de Gascogne (sud-ouest de France), la mortalité des pins causée par le champignon pourridié Armillaria ostoyae (Basidiomycète) a augmenté au cours des 30 dernières années. Les premiers cas de cette maladie ont été signalés quelques années après un changement majeur dans l'utilisation des terres, qui a eu lieu dans cette région suite au remplacement des landes et marais d'origine par une forêt plantée et gérée da façon intensive. Notre objectif était de comprendre les facteurs à l'origine de cette maladie émergente. Pour cela, nous avons étudié la distribution spatiale des dommages causés par le pathogène en relation avec des facteurs historiques, estimé la variabilité des traits fongiques liés au parasitisme et saprophytisme, et étudié l'histoire démographique d'A. ostoyae. La répartition actuelle de la mortalité induite par A. ostoyae est apparue dépendre de la présence des forêts préexistantes, ce qui suggère qu'A. ostoyae était fréquent dans ces zones forestières anciennes, qui ont agi comme un réservoir pour la colonisation des forêts plantées récentes. La production de rhizomorphes était significativement corrélée avec la virulence, suggérant que ce trait joue un rôle important dans le stade parasitaire d'A. ostoyae. Aucune relation significative entre le parasitisme et saprophytisme n'a été détectée, suggérant une absence de compromis évolutif entre ces traits. Enfin, le meilleur scénario démographique pour expliquer la structure de la population d'A. ostoyae dans la forêt des Landes est un scénario en deux étapes : il y aurait eu d'abord une diminution puis une expansion de la population fongique, qui semblait suivre la dynamique de la population d'hôtes. Le temps de génération d’A. ostoyae a été estimé entre 10 et 20 ans. / In the maritime pine (Pinus pinaster) forest of the Landes de Gascogne (south-western France), pine mortality due to the root rot fungus Armillaria ostoyae (Basidiomycete) has been increasing over the last 30 years. The first cases of this disease were reported a few years after a major change in land use which occurred in this region following the replacement of original moors by an intensively managed planted forest. Our aim was to understand the factors driving this disease emergence. For this, we investigated the spatial distribution of pathogen damage related to historical factors, estimated the variation in fungal traits related to parasitism and saprophytism and investigated the demographic history of A. ostoyae. The current distribution of A. ostoyae mortality appeared depending on the pre-existing forests, suggesting that A. ostoyae was commonly distributed in pre-existing forest areas which acted as a reservoir for the colonization of recent planted forests. The rhizomorphs production was significantly correlated with virulence, suggesting that this trait plays an important role in the parasitic stage of A. ostoyae, but no significant relationship between parasitism and saprophytism components was detected, which may suggest that there is no trade-off between these traits. Finally, the best demographic scenario to explain A. ostoyae population structure in the Landes forest is a two step scenario: there was first a decrease and then an expansion in the fungal population, which appeared to follow the dynamics of the host population. The generation time of A. ostoyae was estimated between 10 and 20 years.

Differences in pea (Pisum sativum L.) and chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) microbial compatibility and/ or their associated farming practices may influence root fungi of the following crop and affect the yield. The main objective of this research was to explain the difference in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L.) yield the year after pea and chickpea crops through changes in the functional diversity of wheat root fungi. The effect of fungicides used on chickpea on the root fungi of a following durum wheat crop was studied using plate culture and pyrosequencing. Pyrosequencing detected more Fusarium spp. in the roots of durum wheat after fungicide-treated chickpea than in non-fungicide treated chickpea. Plate culture revealed that the functional groups of fungi responded differently to fungicide use in the field but the effect on total community was non-significant. Highly virulent pathogens were not affected, but antagonists were suppressed. More fungal antagonists were detected after the chickpea CDC Luna than CDC Vanguard. Fungal species responded differently to the use of fungicides in vitro, but the aggregate inhibition effect on antagonists and highly virulent pathogens was similar. The effect of chickpea vs. pea previous crop and different chickpea termination times on root fungi of a following durum wheat crop was studied. The abundance of Fusarium spp. increased after cultivation of both cultivars of chickpea as compared to pea according to pyrosequencing and was negatively correlated with durum yield. Plate culture analysis revealed that fungal antagonists were more prevalent after pea than both cultivars of chickpea and chickpea CDC Vanguard increased the abundance of highly virulent pathogens. The abundance of highly virulent pathogens in durum wheat roots was negatively correlated to durum yield. Early termination of chickpea did not change the community of culturable fungi in the roots of a following durum crop. It is noteworthy that Fusarium redolens was identified for the first time in Saskatchewan and its pathogenicity was confirmed on durum wheat, pea and chickpea. The classical method of root disease diagnostics in cereals is based on the examination of the subcrown internode. I evaluated the method by comparing the fungal communities associated with different subterranean organs of durum wheat. The fungal community of the subcrown internode was different from that of roots and crown, suggesting cautious use of this method.