Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:46:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RitaAA.pdf: 960356 bytes, checksum: f9e847ea1f26025bb6b2c335c57a94f1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-10-17 / This work shows the professional staff of the Family Health Program (PSF) in Santana do Matos City perceive the Unified Health System (SUS). Their discourse and recognition of the advances of SUS, as well as their participation on the implementation of the system, are analyzed. The Brazilian Ministry of Health instituted it in 1994 in order to rebuild the health politics on a new basis, substituting the traditional model. The city-centered implementation of SUS was instituted on May 27, 1992 by the act n? 631/92 and today it experiences a Full Management of Basic Attention. In July 2001 the PSF program was started in the city with 5 teams: 2 in the urban zone and 3 in the rural one. The methodology was developed with the combination of qualitative and quantitative research with the employment of a questionnaire with both open and closed inquiries to 31 members of the program. The study appointed that, no matter how positive and enlarged be the staff s concept of health and SUS, they dont s have on understanding of the total chain of the system on its integrality, hierarchy and regionality what hinders the system performance close to the users. The PSF incorporates and reaffirms the basic principles of the SUS; however, on its everyday employment it has not yet abandoned totally the curative model, which is reinforced by the hospital-centered and physiscian-centerend culture / A pesquisa mostra como os profissionais do Programa Sa?de da Fam?lia (PSF) de Santana do Matos v?em o Sistema ?nico de Sa?de (SUS), analisando o discurso e o reconhecimento por parte da equipe dos avan?os, desafios e do seu papel enquanto integrante na implementa??o do SUS. O Minist?rio da Sa?de criou o PSF, em 1994, com o prop?sito de reorganizar a aten??o ? sa?de substituindo o modelo tradicional. A municipaliza??o de sa?de deu-se no dia 27 de maio de 1992, atrav?s do conv?nio n? 631/92 e hoje vivencia uma Gest?o Plena de Aten??o B?sica. Em julho de 2001 foi implantado o PSF na cidade, composto de 05 equipes: duas na zona urbana e tr?s na rural. A metodologia foi desenvolvida atrav?s da combina??o de pesquisa qualitativa e quantitativa com um roteiro de entrevista de perguntas abertas e fechadas a 31 integrantes do programa. O estudo identificou que os profissionais do PSF, por mais que tenham uma vis?o positiva e ampliada do conceito de sa?de e do SUS, n?o t?m uma compreens?o da cadeia total do sistema integrado, hierarquizado e regionalizado, o que dificulta sua atua??o junto aos usu?rios. O PSF incorpora e reafirma os princ?pios b?sicos do SUS; no entanto, no seu cotidiano ainda n?o rompeu totalmente com o modelo curativo, refor?ado pela cultura hospitaloc?ntrica e medicoc?ntrica.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-12-12T17:33:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JulianaMotaFerreira_TESE.pdf: 2586511 bytes, checksum: 541ae9e7da732f4f7939f6e4b0f4b8d4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-12-13T17:02:34Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 JulianaMotaFerreira_TESE.pdf: 2586511 bytes, checksum: 541ae9e7da732f4f7939f6e4b0f4b8d4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-13T17:02:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JulianaMotaFerreira_TESE.pdf: 2586511 bytes, checksum: 541ae9e7da732f4f7939f6e4b0f4b8d4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09-15 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / A Aten??o Prim?ria ? Sa?de (APS) possui quatro atributos essenciais: acesso de primeiro contato, continuidade e integralidade da aten??o, e coordena??o da assist?ncia; e mais tr?s atributos derivados: aten??o centrada na fam?lia, orienta??o comunit?ria e compet?ncia cultural. A identifica??o da presen?a e extens?o desses atributos ? importante para definir um servi?o como orientado para a APS, e permite verificar a associa??o entre estes e os resultados da aten??o sobre a sa?de da popula??o. Todavia, avaliar o servi?o de sa?de consiste apenas na fase inicial do processo de qualifica??o, devendo ser seguido pelo desenvolvimento de estrat?gias para a melhoria da qualidade da APS. Dentro desse contexto, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os atributos da APS em um munic?pio do Nordeste do Brasil, e descrever estrat?gias utilizadas em ?mbito nacional e internacional para melhoria dos servi?os. Foi realizado um estudo transversal descritivo para avaliar a presen?a e extens?o dos atributos da APS, por meio da aplica??o do instrumento PCATool-Brasil, sendo classificados como alto escore os atributos que obtinham valores iguais ou maiores que 6,6. A an?lise final mostrou pontua??o total m?dia de 6,88 ? 0,91. A pontua??o m?dia para o atributo essencial foi 6,61 ? 0,91 e para o atributo derivado foi 7,80 ? 1,30. O componente de primeiro contato-acesso mostrou m?dia baixa (3,76 ? 1,11), enquanto que o sistema de coordena??o de informa??es apresentou a maior pontua??o m?dia (8,06 ? 1,60). Em um segundo momento, foram realizadas duas revis?es da literatura, buscando descrever experi?ncias internacionais relacionadas a melhorias na APS, e estrat?gias utilizadas no Brasil para ampliar a qualidade dos resultados. A maioria dos estudos internacionais estavam relacionados ? coordena??o do cuidado, programas ou modelos para gerenciar as pr?ticas, e ferramentas de tecnologia. As estrat?gias descritas no Brasil foram, em sua maioria, direcionadas para promo??o da sa?de e preven??o de agravos, utilizando educa??o em sa?de, orienta??o farmac?utica e nutricional e recursos tecnol?gicos. Concluiu-se que a avalia??o dos atributos mostrou forte orienta??o para APS, considerando a acessibilidade como um grande desafio no Brasil. A revis?o das experi?ncias para melhoria da APS mostrou ser um mecanismo relevante na identifica??o de poss?veis solu??es para superar obst?culos e alcan?ar melhores resultados em sa?de. / Primary Health Care (PHC) has four essential attributes: first contact access, ongoing care, comprehensiveness and coordination of care, and three derivative attributes: family centeredness, community orientation, and cultural competence. The identification of the presence and extension of these attributes is important in defining a service as oriented to PHC, and allows for the verification of the association between these and the results of the delivered care on the targeted population?s health. However, to evaluate the health service consists of the initial phase of the qualification process, and must be followed by the development of strategies aimed at improving PHC quality. Within this context, the present study aims to evaluate the attributes of APS in a municipality in the Northeast of Brazil, and to describe strategies used at the national and international level to improve services. A cross-sectional and descriptive study was carried out to evaluate the presence and extent of attributes of APS, through the PCATool-Brazil instrument, being classified as high score the attributes that obtained values equal or greater than 6.6. The final analysis showed the total average score of 6.88?0.91. The average score for essential attribute was 6.61?0.91, and for the derived attribute was 7.80 ? 1.30. The first contact-access component showed low average (3.76 ? 1.11), while the coordination-information system showed the highest average score (8.06 ? 1.60). Second, two reviews of the literature were carried out, that sought to describe international experiences related to improvements in PHC, and strategies used in Brazil to increase the quality of outcomes. The majority of the international studies were related to the coordination of care, programs or models to manage the practices, and technological tools. The strategies described in Brazil were mostly directed at health promotion and disease prevention, using health education, pharmaceutical and nutritional guidance, and technological resources. It was concluded that the evaluation showed strong orientation to primary health care, considering accessibility as a great challenge in Brazil. The review of experiences to improve PHC has proven to be a relevant mechanism to identify possible solutions to overcome obstacles and achieve better health outcomes.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:46:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LaurianaMC.pdf: 1879462 bytes, checksum: deb097f100adaf7f2fcf3d998acf9e8c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-04-08 / This is an analytic research of a qualitative nature whose purpose is to examine the learning process involving students of the Nursing Program of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte UFRN who are attending the Supervised Clerkship in Nursing (SCN) in Family Health Strategy (FHS), based on learning through daily living. In order to do this, a historical overview of this academic activity in the teaching of nursing was presented, and the importance of FHS as the scene where professional health education takes place was discussed. For the empirical investigation, ten eighth-semester students involved in clerkship activities at family health units in the Western Sanitary District of Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, were interviewed. The theoretical approach relied, as epistemological presupposition, on the ideas of educator Humberto Maturana who showed that learning, both in nature and among human beings, takes place within dialogic living relationships wherein acceptance of the other, affectivity (love) and dialoguing are essential stimuli to learning. Students discourses gradually became part of the analytic categories that had been established beforehand. There has been verified that the students went through meaningful learning encouraged by all who shared the living environment, that is: nurse/instructor, teacher/supervisor, family health staff, and the community. Several feelings were involved in the process, such as joy, satisfaction, self-reliance, affectivity and, in the opposite direction, sadness, indignation, a feeling of impotence, and fear. The learning of interpersonal relationship was describe as the most relevant of the academic experiences and, therefore, thus emphasizing the relevance of affectivity to the learning process as Maturana points out. It is suggested that the teaching of nursing keep on giving priority to family health units as the Basic Care educational scene, with attention to the importance of placing the students in welcoming environments, in such a way as to encourage learning / Trata-se de uma pesquisa anal?tica de cunho qualitativo, com o objetivo de analisar o processo de aprendizagem de estudantes do Curso de Enfermagem da UFRN em Est?gio Curricular Supervisionado (ECS) na Estrat?gia de Sa?de da Fam?lia (ESF), tendo como fio condutor a aprendizagem na conviv?ncia. Para isto, foi apresentado um resgate hist?rico desta atividade acad?mica no ensino de enfermagem, assim como foi discutida a relev?ncia da ESF como cen?rio da forma??o profissional em sa?de. Para a investiga??o emp?rica, foram entrevistados dez estudantes do oitavo per?odo do curso, que estagiavam em unidades de sa?de da fam?lia do Distrito Sanit?rio Oeste de Natal/RN. O aporte referencial teve como pressuposto epistemol?gico as id?ias do educador Humberto Maturana, o qual demonstrou que a aprendizagem na natureza e tamb?m entre seres humanos acontece dentro das rela??es dial?gicas de conviv?ncia, nas quais ? essencial a aceita??o do outro, a afetividade (o amor) e o di?logo, como est?mulos ? aprendizagem. As falas dos estudantes foram sendo incorporadas ?s categorias anal?ticas, definidas ? priori. Ficou demonstrado que o estudante vivenciou uma aprendizagem significativa, estimulada por todos aqueles que compartilharam da conviv?ncia, a saber: enfermeiro/preceptor, docente/supervisor, equipe de sa?de da fam?lia e comunidade. Neste processo, foram comuns v?rios sentimentos, como a alegria, a satisfa??o, a autoconfian?a, a afetividade, assim como, em um sentido oposto, a tristeza, a indigna??o, a sensa??o de impot?ncia e o medo. O aprendizado do relacionamento interpessoal foi apresentado como o mais relevante da experi?ncia acad?mica, dando conta, portanto, da import?ncia da afetividade no processo de aprendizagem, conforme assinala Maturana. Recomenda-se que o ensino de enfermagem continue priorizando as unidades de sa?de da fam?lia como cen?rio educativo na Aten??o B?sica, observando-se a import?ncia de inserir os estudantes em ambientes acolhedores, de forma que a aprendizagem possa ser estimulada

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:46:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 KeliannyPB_DISSERT.pdf: 2273560 bytes, checksum: 7e684e368b5c23b02247027c1f2392e3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-10-29 / The family violence against children became visible, in the context of public health, due to the damage and injuries generated in the lives of children and to the growing need of investment in physical and human resources to fill this demand. In this context, it is believed that intervention could prevent such events and are configured as primary strategies to prevent the corollaries generated by the violence. In this perspective, this study aims to analyze the performance of nurses dealing with the Strategy of Family Health viewing to identify actions based on the paradigm of health distribution. This is a descriptive, exploratory and qualitative research. The data were analyzed based on the content analysis about the method proposed by Bardin. The study was conducted in Mossor?-RN and the participants were 14 nurses working for the Family Health Strategy in Health Units of this town. The instrument for data collection was a semi-structured questionnaire, with questions answered by the participants themselves. It was evident to the study that the nurses believe that health education are the main tool for dealing with domestic violence against children, being developed, however, in its positivist and vertical way. The actions used to develop health performed by the team on their daily lives are limited to educational activities and are carried exactly when cases of family violence against children are notified. Barriers to the practice emerged from fear of reprisals from the agressor, overwork, lack of management support and difficulty for the realization of interdisciplinary, intersectorality and comprehensive care. / A viol?ncia intrafamiliar contra a crian?a assumiu import?ncia no contexto da sa?de p?blica devido aos danos e sequelas gerados na vida das crian?as e ? necessidade crescente de investimento em recursos f?sicos e humanos para o atendimento a essa demanda. Neste sentido, acredita-se que medidas de interven??o capazes de prevenir tais eventos configuram estrat?gias primordiais para evitar os corol?rios gerados pela viol?ncia. Diante desta problem?tica, o presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar a atua??o dos enfermeiros inseridos na Estrat?gia de Sa?de da Fam?lia, com vistas a identificar a??es de preven??o da viol?ncia intrafamiliar contra a crian?a. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva e explorat?ria de cunho qualitativo. As informa??es foram analisadas com base na an?lise de conte?do, modalidade tem?tica proposta por Bardin. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida no Munic?pio de Mossor?- RN e teve como participantes 14 enfermeiros atuantes na Estrat?gia de Sa?de da Fam?lia em Unidades de Sa?de da Fam?lia do referido munic?pio. O instrumento para coleta de informa??es foi um question?rio semiestruturado, contendo perguntas abertas, respondidas pelos pr?prios participantes. Evidenciou-se com o estudo que os enfermeiros acreditam na educa??o em sa?de como principal instrumento para o enfrentamento da viol?ncia intrafamiliar contra a crian?a, desenvolvendo-a, por?m, na sua forma positivista e verticalizada. As a??es de promo??o ? sa?de, efetivadas pela equipe no seu cotidiano, limitam-se ?s atividades educativas e s?o desenvolvidas no momento em que se notificam os casos de viol?ncia intrafamiliar contra a crian?a. Como barreiras para a atua??o, emergiram o medo de repres?lias do agente agressor, a sobrecarga de trabalho, a falta de apoio dos gestores e a dificuldade para a materializa??o da interdisciplinaridade, intersetorialidade e integralidade da aten??o.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:46:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FranciscaIS_DISSERT.pdf: 698728 bytes, checksum: d5b3ecdfe3d7e4112f5d3a60378897cc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-12-29 / It is about a study of an exploratory/descriptive type with a qualitative approach whose aim was to analyze the actuation of nursing technicians in Family Health Strategy (FHS), taking into consideration the defined attributions by the Ministry of Health (MH). Thus, it was sought to identify what activities they carry out, the difficulties encountered, what contributed to their professional performance, and what vision they have about FHS and about themselves in the context. Based on the assumption that the practice of Nursing Technician is not still geared to completeness and that the developed actions by this professional are predominantly individual and curative. We know that FHS proposes the work organization as a team, with territory definition, prioritization of promotion actions, protection and recovery of the individual/family/community health, choosing as a central point the establishment of entails between the professionals and the same ones. However, the team work pass through interdisciplinary, tying and competence, starting making the difference in the way of thinking and doing health. To the accomplishment of this study were interviewed twenty one Nursing Technicians of Family Health Units from Sanit?rio Oeste district in Natal-RN, using semistructured instrument. From the analysis, three empiric categories emerged: starting from the first, The reality of a dream: what FHS is for the Nursing Technician, we obtained two classifications: one inherent to the own conception they have about FHS, nominated The realization of a dream in the possible and another that corresponds to what they think about FHS, while project that doesn't take place fully, denominated of The beauty of a dream that doesn't take place. The second category was The FHS: a dream built in the daily of Nursing Technician treats of the day by day information of that professional; the activities they perform and how those are established. This created three other items, to know: The role of a Nursing Technician: a project that became routine; The pre-determined role of a Nursing Technician: the scale as factor of (non-)autonomy; and, Knowledge about the practice in FHS: challenges that are presented to the role of Nursing Technician. The third category, denominated of Charms and disenchantment in the beginning of a new practice, it is related to the facilities or difficulties in professional's actuation and how he sees himself in the context. From it emerged the "flowers" and the "thorns" found on the construction of a dream, which gave this study the title. The results indicate that, being considered the characteristics of researched professional category, it becomes fundamental the resizing of labor relations in FHS, being imperative that new glances is conducted, so that the way as those Nursing Technicians interacts with the families can become compatible, together with the team, as well as to return the attention for their possibilities and limits in face of the work process in FHS. Besides, it is necessary changes in the professional formation, so that it can guarantee the conceptual bases in the construction of new practices, seeking to answer to the model of current attention. / Trata de estudo do tipo explorat?rio/descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa, cujo foi objetivo analisar a atua??o do T?cnico em Enfermagem na Estrat?gia Sa?de da Fam?lia (ESF), levando em considera??o as atribui??es definidas pelo Minist?rio da Sa?de (MS). Para tanto, buscou-se identificar quais as atividades que desempenha, as dificuldades enfrentadas, o que contribuiu para a atua??o profissional, e qual a vis?o que tem da ESF e de si mesmo no contexto. Parte do pressuposto de que a pr?tica do T?cnico em Enfermagem, ainda n?o est? voltada para a integralidade e que as a??es desenvolvidas por esse profissional s?o predominantemente individuais e curativas. Sabemos que a ESF prop?e a organiza??o do trabalho em equipe, com defini??o de territ?rio, prioriza??o das a??es de promo??o, prote??o e recupera??o da sa?de do indiv?duo/fam?lia/comunidade, elegendo como ponto central o estabelecimento de v?nculos entre os profissionais e os mesmos. Para tanto, o trabalho em equipe, passa pela interdisciplinaridade, vincula??o e compet?ncia, passando a fazer diferen?a, na forma de pensar e fazer sa?de. Para a realiza??o do estudo foram entrevistados vinte e um T?cnicos em Enfermagem, de Unidades de Sa?de da Fam?lia, do Distrito Sanit?rio Oeste de Natal/RN, utilizando-se instrumento semiestruturado. Da an?lise, emergiram tr?s categorias emp?ricas: a partir da primeira, A realidade de um sonho: o que ? a ESF para o T?cnico em Enfermagem, obtivemos duas classifica??es: uma inerente ? pr?pria concep??o que tem da ESF, nominada A realiza??o do sonho no poss?vel e outra que corresponde ao que pensa acerca da ESF, enquanto projeto que n?o se realiza plenamente, denominada de A boniteza de um sonho que n?o se realiza. A segunda categoria foi A ESF: um sonho constru?do no cotidiano do T?cnico em Enfermagem trata das informa??es do dia-a-dia desse profissional; as atividades que realiza e como estas s?o estabelecidas. Esta deu origem a tr?s outros itens, a saber: O fazer do T?cnico em Enfermagem: um projeto que virou rotina; O fazer pr?-determinado do T?cnico em Enfermagem: a escala como fator de (des)autonomia; e, Saberes da pr?tica na ESF: desafios que se apresentam ao fazer do T?cnico em Enfermagem. A terceira categoria, denominada de Encantos e desencantos no desabrochar de uma nova pr?tica, est? relacionada ?s facilidades ou dificuldades na atua??o do profissional e como ele se v? no contexto. Dela emergiu as flores e os espinhos encontrados na constru??o de um sonho, o que deu origem ao t?tulo deste estudo. Os resultados indicam que, considerandose as caracter?sticas da categoria profissional pesquisada, torna-se fundamental o redimensionamento das rela??es de trabalho na ESF, sendo imperativo, que novos olhares sejam dirigidos, para que se possa compatibilizar a forma como esses T?cnicos em Enfermagem interage com as fam?lias, junto ? equipe, bem como voltar a aten??o para o as suas possibilidades e limites ante o processo de trabalho na ESF. Al?m disso, s?o necess?rias mudan?as na forma??o profissional, para se possa garantir as bases conceituais na constru??o de novas pr?ticas, visando responder ao modelo de aten??o vigente

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:46:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ArianeRSMO_DISSERT.pdf: 1969348 bytes, checksum: c1e9d0216fc19a8611a11585d8f9445d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-12-29 / Alma-Ata declaration bring the Primary Attention to the Health (PAH) as first level of health attention for individuals, family and community, which considers infant group as priority. Several initiatives that gave bases to integral attention to the children health formalized in the principles of Unique Health System. Family Health Strategy (FHS) comes to strengthen this attention, instituting new ways of work organization and professional practices that gave impact in their quality indicators. One of them is children mortality, showing decline in their values. Though, studies indicates persistence of avoidable infant deaths. In Natal RN, this reality is also perceptible leading to inquietudes, mainly at the space of services production, it means, which motivated the accomplishment of the present study intending to analyse the way that the organizational and structural processes as long as the professional practices in FHS interfered in the quality of children s health attention who died by avoidable death in the year of 2007 in municipal district of Natal-RN. It treats, therefore, to an exploratory and descriptive survey of cases study type, thar had as primary sources the oficial documents of MH, the family prontuary, pregnant card, child card and testimony obt ined from instrument of research elaborated based in investigation form of infant death by MH, applied to 10 mothers of children who had avoidable death. In analysis it was appealed silmultaneous triangulation of methods and sources, allowing a bigger aproximation from obtained informations. To elucidate the cases, the aspects studied were analyzed to the light of explicative model of Social Determinants of Health. Among individual and family aspects were highlighted the related to age, schooling, family habits and customs and mother s economic condition, besides of pregnancy age, newborn weight and associated diseases, which don t differ from literature about the theme. Reffering to the factors organizational and structural processes and professionals practice, highlihgted, the treatment given by the professionals, the territorialization and adscription of areas, the difficulty of having access to the services or sleepers and the reference and counterreference. But also, the ausence or few greet, the lack of communication, few assiduity and ponctuality by professionals in service, among others. In a general way mothers considers the attendance received in the hospital good and very good , opnions that in the Basic Attention weren t so favorable, in spite of many of predictible actions in this level have been performed in the studied cases. It is observed, therefore, that the social determinants of health has a strong influence in ocurrence of infant deaths, what implicates in a large actuation by Infant Mortality Committee from municipal district. This way, it becomes fundamental the reflection and evaluation about the effectiveness and execution by the processes of vigilance to health in FHUs; the rethink about the social determinants of health in a wide and articulate way to the services quality, to permanent education, to management in service, to the given attention and to the way how it is installed the popular participation and social control. To the professionals it is presented the great challenge to review their daily practice, their values, behaviors and commitment, which ones must be guided by logical of sharing, work in team, humanescence and alterity, not only by the accomplishment of a professional duty / A Declara??o de Alma-Ata trouxe a Aten??o Prim?ria ? Sa?de (APS) como o primeiro n?vel de aten??o em sa?de para indiv?duos, fam?lia e comunidade, o qual considera o grupo infantil como priorit?rio. Diversas iniciativas deram bases para aten??o integral ? sa?de da crian?a formalizada nos princ?pios do Sistema ?nico de Sa?de (SUS). A Estrat?gia Sa?de da Fam?lia (ESF) vem fortalecer essa aten??o, instituindo novas formas de organiza??o do trabalho e pr?ticas profissionais que impactam nos seus indicadores de qualidade. Sendo um deles a mortalidade infantil, ao apresentar decl?nio de seus valores. Todavia, estudos indicam a persist?ncia de ?bitos infantis evit?veis. Em Natal RN, esta realidade tamb?m ? percept?vel, gerando inquieta??es rincipalmente, no espa?o da produ??o dos servi?os, o que motivou a realiza??o do presente estudo com vistas a analisar de que modo os processos organizacionais e estruturais, bem como, a pr?tica dos profissionais na ESF interferiram na qualidade da aten??o ? sa?de das crian?as que foram a ?bito evit?vel no ano de 2007, no munic?pio de Natal-RN. Trata-se, portanto, de uma pesquisa explorat?ria e descritiva do tipo estudo de casos, que tomou como fontes prim?rias os ocumentos oficiais do MS; o prontu?rio da fam?lia, cart?o da gestante, e da crian?a e os depoimentos obtidos a partir do instrumento de pesquisa elaborado com base na ficha de investiga??o de ?bito infantil do MS, aplicado a 10 m?es das crian?as que foram a ?bito evit?vel. Na an?lise recorreu-se a triangula??o simult?nea de m?todos e fontes, permitindo uma maior aproxima??o das informa??es obtidas. Para elucidar os casos, os aspectos estudados foram analisados ? luz do modelo explicativo dos Determinantes Sociais da Sa?de. Dentre os aspectos individuais e familiares ressaltaram os relacionados ? idade, escolaridade, h?bitos e costumes familiares e condi??o econ?mica da m?e, al?m da idade gestacional, peso do neonato e doen?as associadas, os quais n?o diferem da literatura sobre o tema. Quanto aos fatores organizacionais, estruturais e a pr?tica dos profissionais, ressaltam-se o tratamento dispensado pelos profissionais, a territorializa??o e adscri??o de ?reas, a dificuldade de acesso aos servi?os ou leitos e a refer?ncia e contra refer?ncia. Mas tamb?m, a aus?ncia ou pouco acolhimento, a falta de comunica??o, a pouca assiduidade e pontualidade dos profissionais no servi?o, dentre outros. De maneira geral as m?es consideraram o atendimento recebido no hospital bom e muito bom , opini?es que na Aten??o B?sica n?o foram t?o favor?veis, apesar de que muitas das a??es previstas nesse n?vel de aten??o tenham sido realizadas nos casos estudados. Observa-se, portanto, que os determinantes sociais da sa?de exercem forte influ?ncia na ocorr?ncia dos ?bitos infantis. Desse modo, torna-se fundamental a reflex?o e a avalia??o acerca da efetiva??o e efic?cia dos processos de vigil?ncia ? sa?de nas USF; o repensar sobre os determinantes sociais da sa?de de forma ampliada e articulada ? qualidade dos servi?o, ? educa??o permanente, ? gest?o em servi?o, ? aten??o dispensada e ? forma como se instala a participa??o popular e o controle social. Para os profissionais apresenta-se o grande desafio de rever a sua pr?tica cotidiana, seus valores, comportamentos e compromissos, os quais devem orientar-se pela l?gica do compartilhamento, do trabalho em equipe, da humanesc?ncia e alteridade e n?o apenas do cumprimento de um dever profissional

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:46:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FranciscoSC_DISSERT.pdf: 1500210 bytes, checksum: cd4a1fbd01929e10f33c27206d5abfb1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-10-28 / Tuberculosis is considered one of the most ancient human diseases, cases were registered 3900 years before Christ, and it is currently regarded as a serious public health problem in the world due to several factors such as income mismanagement, precarious standard of life and some sort of prejudice comprised by the word tuberculosis. Taking this into consideration, it was developed a descriptive and exploratory study aiming at analyzing the social representations of tuberculosis made by its patient from the Unidades de Sa?de da Fam?lia (Family Health Units a public health program) in Campina Grande City PB, in relation to the decentralization of the policies that administrate the disease. It was interviewed 34 tuberculosis patient that were being treated from 2007 to 2008. The age group of the interviewees varied from 10 to 60 years old, but most of them were between 36 and 60 years old (58,8%, n=20), some were young adult and adult (21 35 years old), with 11 (32,3%) respondents, and, less frequent, children and teenagers (11 20 years old), with 03 (8,8%) participants. Data was collected through semi-structured interview. The questions that guided the research were elaborated based on the operational recommendations of DOTS strategy; that is: access to laboratory examinations; medication guarantee; directly observed treatment. Besides that, the experiences of the patient were considered in their relation with the family and the different social groups. The analysis of the discursive material was submitted to the Analyse Lexicale par Context d un Ensemble de Segments de Texte software - ALCESTE 4.7. Data interpretation showed five categories for the social representations of the tuberculosis patient that participated in DOTS strategy: 1) the accessibility of the health assistance service; 2) the patient perspective of the disease; 3) the change in the operation of the productive life; 4) the signals and symptoms of the tuberculosis disease; 5) the rearrangement and mechanisms used to face the disease. The Central Nucleus reveals that tuberculosis is a transmissible disease that can be prevented by people through educational practices, health promotion, active search for symptomatic respiratory and control of the carriers communication; these mechanisms should be incorporated to the routine of all participants of the family health groups. The Intermediate Elements, based on quotidian life, as well as the individual experiences of the tuberculosis patient, reveals prejudiced attitude and beliefs that lead to isolation and restriction of interpersonal relationship. Peripheral Elements were constituted by themes that showed the patient feelings of indignation because of the social barriers they had to face in the Family Health Units during the treatment. These elements demonstrate a negative perspective of the representation concerning the accessibility, i.e. inadequate structure of the health service; long distance to the Health Centre, this factormakes it difficult for the patient to continue the treatment; scheduling delay; and limited service regarding other requests (doctor, dentist etc). One expects to contribute for the construction of a new perspective of the health question between the different agents who make the assistencial institutions and formation of professionals, either in central or local scope / A tuberculose, considerada uma das mais antigas doen?as que acometem a humanidade, cujos registros datam desde o ano 3900 antes de Cristo, atualmente constitui-se, no cen?rio mundial, como um grave problema de sa?de p?blica, reflexo da m? distribui??o de renda e conseq?ente precariedade das condi??es de vida, dentre outros fatores. Nesse sentido, desenvolveu-se um estudo explorat?rio e descritivo, com o objetivo de analisar as representa??es sociais da tuberculose pelos usu?rios das Unidades de Sa?de da Fam?lia do Munic?pio de Campina Grande-PB, frente ? descentraliza??o das a??es de controle da doen?a. Entrevistou-se 34 doentes de Tuberculose que realizaram tratamento no per?odo de 2007 a 2008. A faixa et?ria dos entrevistados variou entre 10 e 60 anos, com predom?nio dos 36 aos 60 (58,8%, n=20); em seguida, adulto jovem e adulto (21- 35 anos), com 11 (32,3%) respondentes e, em menor freq??ncia, a faixa correspondente a crian?as e adolescentes (11-20 anos), com 03 (8,8%) participantes. Os dados foram coletados atrav?s de entrevista semi-estruturada. As quest?es norteadoras foram elaboradas com base nas recomenda??es operacionais propostas pela Estrat?gia DOTS, a saber: acesso aos exames laboratoriais; garantia de medicamentos; tratamento diretamente observado. Al?m disso, foram consideradas as experi?ncias do usu?rio nas rela??es familiares e com os diferentes grupos sociais. A an?lise do material discursivo foi submetida ao software Analyse Lexicale par Context d un Ensemble de Segments de Texte - ALCESTE 4.7. A interpreta??o dos dados apontou cinco categorias tem?ticas em que est?o organizadas as representa??es sociais relacionadas aos doentes de tuberculose atendidos na estrat?gia DOTS: 1) A acessibilidade sobre o atendimento nos servi?os de sa?de; 2) A doen?a entendida pelos usu?rios; 3) A mudan?a de funcionamento na vida produtiva; 4) Os sinais e sintomas de estar doente com tuberculose; 5) Os rearranjos e mecanismos de enfrentamento. O N?cleo Central evidenciou a compreens?o da tuberculose como uma doen?a transmiss?vel que pode ser prevenida atrav?s de pr?ticas educativas, promo??o da sa?de, busca ativa de sintom?ticos respirat?rios, controle dos comunicantes; mecanismos que devem estar incorporados ? rotina de atividades de todos os membros das equipes de sa?de da fam?lia. Os Elementos Intermedi?rios, ancorados no cotidiano, e experi?ncias individuais dos doentes de tuberculose, apontam quest?es relacionadas a atitudes e cren?as circundadas pelo preconceito, levando ao isolamento, bem como ? restri??o dos relacionamentos interpessoais. Os Elementos Perif?ricos foram constitu?dos por temas cercados por sentimentos de indigna??o do doente de tuberculose frente ?s barreiras encontradas nas Unidades B?sicas de Sa?de da Fam?lia durante o tratamento. Estes elementos denotam um conte?do negativo da representa??o quanto ? acessibilidade, a saber: estrutura inadequada dos servi?os de sa?de; dist?ncia para o Centro de Refer?ncia (Centro de Sa?de), o que dificulta a continuidade do atendimento; demora no agendamento e resultados dos exames; limita??o dos servi?os em responder a outras demandas (m?dico, dentista, entre outras). Espera-se contribuir para a constru??o de uma nova perspectiva da quest?o sa?de entre os diferentes agentes que fazem as institui??es assistenciais e de forma??o de profissionais, seja em ?mbito central ou local.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:46:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PalmyraSG_DISSERT.pdf: 1338526 bytes, checksum: 3d012c28089b81468222d36dd24a4274 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-16 / Universidade Estadual do Rio Grande do Norte / This study makes an analysis of the work of nurse of the, uncovering the meaning of work and of precarious work for the nurse. aims to analyze the forms of precariousness of work of the nurse of Family Health Strategy the municipality of Pau dos Ferros-RN, Brazil. This is a qualitative study with analysis of the categories that emerged from search through dialog with the authors studied in theoretical framework of the sense of human work, the world of work actual and the precariousness of work in health. Used if the methodology of thematic oral history and semi-structured interview as an instrument for data collection and information. Participated 07 nurses of. There was predominance of females, with civil state married, with age between 29 and 47 years, inserted as nurses in Family Health Strategy 1 to 9 years. All referred satisfaction with work. Emerged 02 main meanings of work, whichever the design of work as a source of human and practical transforming of reality, with the sense of perform an action by the individual facilitator and suffers change. Include the precarious work not only as the absence of links labor and social protection, unlike the thought of the Ministry of Health, similar to the design of the study, the precariousness understood yet as the absence of participation of workers in the spaces work management and running of the work and the absence of structural conditions and infra-structural where the work process takes place. evidenced the totality of nurses inserted in Family Health Strategy by public tender. Refer have labor rights guaranteed. Don?t include under which legal arrangements are governed. The researched reality does not have a policy desprecariza??o nursing work of Family Health Strategy. Concluded the municipality presents progress and setbacks for the precariousness of work of the nurse of Family Health Strategy. The collective work in health is a challenge in researched reality and the policy of desprecariza??o of the work of the management of education and work was not evidenced. Despite the implementation of the public tender these professionals have a degree of precariousness of work, with the accumulation gradient of responsibilities, some lack of working conditions in structural aspects, infra-structural and means and instruments / O estudo faz uma an?lise do trabalho do enfermeiro da Estrat?gia Sa?de da Fam?lia, desvelando o significado do trabalho e do trabalho precarizado para esse enfermeiro. Objetiva analisar as formas de precariza??o do trabalho do enfermeiro da ESF do munic?pio de Pau dos Ferros, regi?o do Alto Oeste Potiguar. Trata-se de um estudo de abordagem qualitativa, com an?lise das categorias que emergiram da pesquisa atrav?s do di?logo com os autores estudados, conforme indicados no referencial te?rico, do sentido do trabalho humano, o mundo do trabalho atual e a precariza??o do trabalho em sa?de. Utilizou-se a metodologia da hist?ria oral tem?tica e a entrevista semi-estruturada com perguntas geradoras como instrumento de coleta de informa??es. Participaram sete (07) enfermeiros da ESF daquele munic?pio. Houve predom?nio do sexo feminino, com estado civil casado, com faixa et?ria entre 29 e 47 anos, e com 1 a 9 anos de atua??o como enfermeiros na ESF. Todos referem satisfa??o com o trabalho. Emergiram dois (02) principais significados do trabalho, prevalecendo ? concep??o de trabalho como fonte de realiza??o humana e pr?tica transformadora da realidade, com o sentido de realiza??o de uma a??o pelo indiv?duo que promove e sofre mudan?a. Compreendem o trabalho precarizado n?o somente como aus?ncia de v?nculos trabalhistas e prote??o social; diferentemente do pensamento do Minist?rio da Sa?de e semelhante ? concep??o do estudo, a precariza??o compreendida ainda como aus?ncia de participa??o dos trabalhadores nos espa?os de gest?o e autogest?o do trabalho e aus?ncia das condi??es estruturais e infra-estruturais onde o processo de trabalho se realiza. Evidenciou-se que a totalidade dos enfermeiros entrevistados se inseriu na ESF atrav?s de concurso p?blico e referem ter direitos trabalhistas assegurados. N?o compreendem sob qual regime jur?dico s?o regidos. A realidade pesquisada n?o tem um PCCS-SUS ou pol?tica de desprecariza??o do trabalho do enfermeiro da ESF. Concluiu-se que o munic?pio apresenta avan?os e retrocessos em rela??o ? precariza??o do trabalho do enfermeiro da ESF. O trabalho coletivo em sa?de ? um desafio, na realidade pesquisada, e a pol?tica de desprecariza??o do trabalho, da gest?o, e da educa??o n?o foi evidenciada. Apesar da realiza??o do concurso p?blico, esses profissionais apresentam um grau de precariza??o do trabalho, com o ac?mulo gradual de responsabilidades, alguma falta de condi??es de trabalho em aspectos estruturais, infra-estruturais, bem como de meios e instrumentos.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:46:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FlaviaAPSS_DISSERT.pdf: 1084245 bytes, checksum: 10d214929a073fa991a59c62dd416cb2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-29 / The consultation for women during the postpartum period should occur between the seventh and tenth days, and 42 days after childbirth, to decrease the incidence of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. However, the effectiveness of such assistance in primary health care has not been achieved, especially in the forty-second day of puerperium. Facing this reality, the research aimed to understand the views of women about postpartum consultation. This is an exploratory and descriptive research with qualitative approach, developed in the municipality of Lajes/RN, Brazil, with women inscribed on the four teams that make up the Family Health Strategy. Data were collected through semistructured interviews with 15 women who met the following criteria: be enrolled in ESF; have health mental preserved, have been entered in the Humanization Program of Prenatal and Birth, and that was, at maximum, 60 days postpartum. The data were organized according to the precepts of content analysis according to Bardin, generating three categories: prevention of puerperal complications, feelings related to life changes after childbirth, and postpartum care. This process of coding and categorizing a central theme emerged: the experience of women in the postpartum period. The data were analyzed according to the principles of symbolic interactionism, according to Blumer. The study revealed that the meanings attributed to the postpartum period for prevention of complications were directly related to home, to the consultation and postpartum care provided by family members and health professionals. The interviewees strictly complied with the rest under the influence of the context in which they were entered. But that has not happened with the postpartum revision because few mothers underwent this procedure. Therefore, the interaction of the interviewed people in their living standard as well as the feelings that permeated the post-partum were crucial to consider whether or not the post-partum visit as significant. According to the results, it was noted that disability guidelines and counter-references has impaired the access of women to postpartum review. Thus, further studies are needed on the subject, as well as a reorientation of health care activities in view of the consolidation of postpartum consultation in primary care / A consulta ? mulher durante o puerp?rio deve acontecer entre o s?timo e o d?cimo dia, e com 42 dias ap?s o nascimento da crian?a, visando diminuir a incid?ncia de morbidade e mortalidade materna e neonatal. No entanto, a efetiva??o dessa assist?ncia no n?vel prim?rio de aten??o ? sa?de ainda n?o foi conseguida, principalmente no quadrag?simo segundo dia de puerp?rio. Frente a essa realidade, a pesquisa teve como objetivo compreender as concep??es da mulher acerca da consulta p?s-parto. Trata-se de um estudo explorat?rio e descritivo de abordagem qualitativa, desenvolvido no Munic?pio de Lajes/RN, Brasil, com mulheres adscritas nas quatro equipes que comp?em a Estrat?gia Sa?de da Fam?lia. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de entrevista semiestruturada junto a 15 mulheres que atenderam aos seguintes crit?rios de inclus?o: ser adscrita na ESF; ter sa?de mental preservada; ter sido inscrita no Programa de Humaniza??o do Pr?-Natal e Nascimento, e que estivesse, no m?ximo, com 60 dias p?s-parto. As informa??es coletadas foram organizadas conforme os preceitos de an?lise de conte?do segundo Bardin, originando tr?s categorias: preven??o de complica??es puerperais; sentimentos relacionados ?s mudan?as de vida ap?s o parto; e cuidados p?s-parto. Desse processo de codifica??o e categoriza??o emergiu uma tem?tica central: Viv?ncia da mulher no puerp?rio. Os dados foram analisados conforme os princ?pios do Interacionismo Simb?lico, segundo Blumer. O estudo revelou que os significados atribu?dos ao puerp?rio relativos ? preven??o de complica??es estavam diretamente relacionados ao repouso, ? realiza??o da consulta puerperal e aos cuidados prestados pelos familiares e profissionais de sa?de. As entrevistadas cumpriram rigorosamente o repouso sob influ?ncia do contexto no qual estavam inseridas. Por?m, isso n?o aconteceu com a revis?o p?s-parto, pois pequeno n?mero de pu?rperas se submeteu a esse procedimento. Portanto, a intera??o das entrevistadas com as pessoas do seu conv?vio habitual, bem como os sentimentos que permearam o p?s-parto foram decisivos para considerarem, ou n?o, a consulta puerperal significativa. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, percebeu-se que a defici?ncia de orienta??es e da contrarrefer?ncia, tem dificultado o acesso dessa mulher ? revis?o p?s-parto. Assim, se fazem necess?rios novos estudos sobre o assunto, bem como uma reorienta??o das a??es assistenciais, na perspectiva da consolida??o da consulta p?s-parto na aten??o b?sica

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:46:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ReginaCD_DISSERT.pdf: 4065706 bytes, checksum: 3728d95ddfb6dc0370f79da6d3a87956 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-12-19 / This research, which appears in the form of a dissertation, entitled: Integrative Therapy Community: construction of a listening space to health care workers in primary care, addresses the Integrative Community Therapy (ICT) as a tool to create meeting spaces between health professionals where they can be receptive among one another. With the completion of this study aimed to analyze the ICT as a therapeutic approach and space of listening and speaking for health professionals cited here in order to identify their anxieties, doubts, worries and uncertainties arising from the context of labor relations and the impact of therapeutic experiences under the view of the participants. It was developed as an action-science research, involving several steps. The field of research was the ICT meetings of workers from the units under the Family Health Strategy of Northern Health Districts I and II of the city of Natal, using a qualitative approach. The interpretation of data collected was based on content analysis proposed by Bardin. Finally, this study showed the ICT as a space for dialogue and sharing, with repercussions on labor relations and expansions beyond the ICT meetings, reaching out to family and social relationships, contributing to creating bonds and solidarity networks. Under the view of the participants it was recognized as an experience that optimized the socialization, promoting the alleviation of suffering and increasing the well-being. Based on the study findings, it is inferred that ICT can be considered a viable tool for the receptiveness and humanized care of health care workers. / Esta pesquisa, que se apresenta no formato de uma disserta??o de mestrado, cujo t?tulo ?: TERAPIA COMUNIT?RIA INTEGRATIVA: constru??o de um espa?o de escuta para os trabalhadores da aten??o b?sica da sa?de, aborda a Terapia Comunit?ria Integrativa (TCI) como ferramenta para a cria??o de lugares de encontros entre os profissionais da sa?de, nos quais cada componente pode acolher o outro e ser acolhido tamb?m. Com a realiza??o desse estudo, objetivou-se analisar a referida terapia como abordagem terap?utica e espa?o de escuta dos depoimentos dos profissionais aqui citados, visando identificar suas ang?stias, d?vidas, inquietudes e incertezas decorrentes do contexto das rela??es de trabalho, bem como a repercuss?o das viv?ncias terap?uticas na vis?o dos participantes. O mesmo foi desenvolvido como uma pesquisa-a??o que envolveu v?rias etapas. Seu campo de investiga??o foram as rodas de TCI com trabalhadores das Unidades da Estrat?gia Sa?de da Fam?lia dos Distritos Sanit?rios Norte I e II do munic?pio de Natal-RN, utilizando-se uma abordagem qualitativa. A interpreta??o dos dados obtidos foi fundamentada na an?lise de conte?do proposta por Bardin. Por fim, este trabalho evidenciou a TCI como um espa?o de di?logo e de partilha, com repercuss?es nas rela??es de trabalho e expans?es para al?m das rodas, alcan?ando as rela??es familiares e sociais e contribuindo para a cria??o de v?nculos e a forma??o de redes solid?rias. Na vis?o dos participantes, este estudo foi reconhecido como uma experi?ncia que aperfei?oou a socializa??o, promoveu a atenua??o de sofrimentos e potencializou o bem-estar. Diante das conclus?es, infere-se que a TCI pode ser considerada uma ferramenta vi?vel para o acolhimento e cuidado humanizado dos trabalhadores da sa?de.