This study is set in the broad context of the changing world of work that is characterised by the dissolution of full-time stable employment and the emergence of precarious, insecure forms of work (see e.g. Gorz, 1999, Hardt and Negri, 2005, Huws, 2016, Lorey, 2015, Ross, 2003, Ross, 2009, Smith, 2001, Standing, 2011). As a response to these labour market uncertainties a growing number of individuals are managing multiple areas of the self as part of their work or occupation. This trend has been termed 'the new worker-subjectivity' or 'the entrepreneurial self' that is formed through practices of self-management (Bührmann, 2005, Lorey, 2009). Despite increasing awareness of the emergence of the entrepreneurial worker-subjectivity, research into practices of self-management has only focused on occupational groups in formal work. Knowledge about the trend in the context of virtual workers who operate outside of conventional working relations and have no publicly recognised work identity is largely missing. In order to address this gap, this study explores how entrepreneurial worker-subjectivities manifest in professional online poker players as an emerging online occupation. It investigates how these workers manage themselves in the absence of formal organisational control and socially recognised occupational norms, and asks what are the effects of this self-management on the quality of their working lives? The study is based on 39 in-depth interviews with people involved in online poker or other similar activities such as online gaming or trading. The interviews were conducted either face-to-face in Estonia, Bulgaria, Romania and UK or over Skype between December 2012 and May 2014. The study develops an analytical framework for researching entrepreneurial worker-subjectivities in the context of an emerging occupation and a three-stage-model of the trajectory that provides a basis for exploring the career paths of professional online poker players. Using these framework, the study finds that professional online poker players manage various areas of the self by following informal occupational rules and that their sense of professionalism is largely derived from various practices of self-management that help them distinguish from recreational players. The study also discovers conflicting relations of autonomy and control among the workers and a range of negative effects that self-management practices have on professional online poker players. It concludes that professional online poker is not a sustainable long-term career option. These findings contribute to a better understanding of virtual work, the emergence of online poker playing as a form of work and the development of the entrepreneurial worker-subjectivity.

Förmågan till effektiv självreglering är väsentlig för personers självpresentation. Enligt teorin om "ego depletion" är självreglering en begränsad resurs vilken tillfälligt försämras om den överanvänds. I en förhörssituation kan detta bli problematiskt eftersom en självuttömd självpresentation kan bidra till minskad trovärdighet och ökad mottaglighet för ledande frågor. Detta kan förstärkas om vittnesmålet dessutom erläggs på ett annat språk än modersmålet. Syftet med studien var att undersöka om annat vittnesspråk än modersmål påverkar trovärdighet och erhållandet av ledande frågor. I ett experiment fick 60 personer uppskatta trovärdighet och formulera frågor till svenska respektive engelska vittnesmål. Därefter fick 12 oberoende personer skatta frågornas suggestibilitet. Resultatet visade att engelska vittnesmål (andraspråk) tenderade erhålla lägre trovärdighetsskattningar vilket kan bero på uttömd självreglering och misslyckade självpresentationer. Detta antyder att språk har inverkan på trovärdighet. Trots detta uppvisades ingen skillnad i andel ledande frågor beroende på språk. Framtida studier uppmanas testa effekten av "ego depletion" i autentiska förhörssituationer.

An experiment was conducted to contrast the effectiveness of Behavior Therapy administered in self, individual, or group therapy versus a no-treatment control condition. The therapy conditions were administered to two subgroups, high and low self reinforcers, as defined by Rosensky and Bellack (1976). The general hypothesis was that high self reinforcers would engage in countercontrol and therefore do poorly in group and individual therapy, but would lose weight in self therapy. Individual behavior therapy showed the best long term results, but self and group therapies also showed significant weight loss. It was also found that low self reinforcers as a group lost more weight than did high self reinforcers.

Submitted by admin tede (tede@pucgoias.edu.br) on 2018-11-19T17:28:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CARLA DE OLIVEIRA JARDIM.pdf: 838398 bytes, checksum: edc6fcacf736fb424d6ed3cf2e73a489 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-19T17:28:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CARLA DE OLIVEIRA JARDIM.pdf: 838398 bytes, checksum: edc6fcacf736fb424d6ed3cf2e73a489 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-08-09 / The objective of the following study was to evaluate the control exerted by the antecedent and consequent events of behavioral excesses and deficits from 2 diagnosed participants with class III obesity, also known morbid obesity. The objective also included the treatment of the behavior utilizing a self-control program. In order to evaluate the behavior, it was implemented indirect functional assessment using interviews and functional assessment direct observation of the participants during different moments throughout their daily routine. In order to control the procedure during the self-control sessions, it was used reversal- replication (ABAB) design, followed by follow-up within 30 days. The results indicated high occurrences of the behavioral deficits and excesses during the baseline phase and significant reductions during the intervention phase, such as gradual weight-loss for both participants. These reductions were maintained during the follow-up. These results demonstrated the importance of functional assessment for the efficiency of the self-control program. Based on these results, it is justified the implement of a self-control program in studies which required behavioral modifications for obese individuals in many classes, including morbid obesity. / O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o controle exercido pelos eventos antecedentes e consequentes dos excessos e déficits comportamentais de duas participantes diagnosticadas com o grau III de obesidade, também descrita como mórbida. Objetivou-se também tratar estes tipos de comportamentos com o uso de um programa de autocontrole. Para avaliar os comportamentos foi empregada a avaliação funcional indireta com o uso de entrevistas e a avaliação funcional direta por meio de observação dos comportamentos das participantes em diferentes momentos de suas rotinas. Para as sessões do autocontrole foi usado o delineamento de reversão-replicação do tipo ABAB, seguido de follow-up de 30 dias. Os resultados apontaram altas ocorrências dos excessos e déficits comportamentais durante a fase de linha de base e importantes reduções destes comportamentos durante a fase de intervenção, bem como a perda de peso gradual de ambas as participantes, reduções estas que se mantiveram no follow-up. Estes resultados demonstram a importância da avaliação funcional para a eficácia do programa de intervenção. Em função destes resultados, justifica-se o emprego de um programa de autocontrole em estudos que exigem mudança comportamental para indivíduos obesos em diversos graus, inclusive a obesidade mórbida.

In my thesis I have dealt with the overweight and obesity and its reduction by using interventional program lasting 12 weeks. The whole research was a part of a three-year research project called {\clqq}Positive Effects of Self-Control and Self-Esteem Development on Overweight control through Intervention of Yoga training`` and this project was supported by a grant from the Czech Grant Agency GACR No 406/05/2431 aimed at gender, age and overweight reduction, where four hundred volunteers took part. In my researching project 30 elderly men suffering from overweight and obesity of the first degree participated. I have used the interventional active plan with 15 elderly people in the experimental group from February 2008 till May 2008. The program of my diploma work focused not only on measuring the degree of overweight and obesity by using the values of BMI, BIA, and by measuring the amount of subcutaneous fat with a caliper, but also on identifying the role of Self-concept and Self-esteem and consequently on the positive influence of that on their mental and social parameters during the process of decreasing the current body weight by using yoga training and keeping healthy lifestyle. On concluding of the interventional active plan the gained results were evaluated by the use of statistic methods, which are included in the publication from doc. Krejčí, Factors of self-control and self-esteem in overweight reduction. The results proved that through doing yoga training regularly, at least 30 minutes a day, along with keeping healthy diet and practicing relaxation techniques, we managed decrease overweight and obesity of the first degree, maintained the weight and improved the mental state.

Kriminalitet är ett stort problem för samhället och dess invånare, eftersom det stör den allmänna ordningen och inskränker medborgarnas säkerhet. Kriminalvårdens arbete ska därför vara brottsförebyggande, öka människors trygghet och bidra till ett tryggare samhälle. Kriminalvårdens viktiga samhällsuppdrag är att säkerställa att straff blir verkställda, samt även arbeta för att förebygga brottslighet i samhället. Kriminalvården erbjuder behandlingsprogram som främst riktas mot allmän kriminalitet, vålds-och sexualbrott, relationsbrott, samt drog- och alkoholmissbruk. Studiens syfte är att undersöka hur programledare inom Kriminalvården upplever att behandlingsprogrammet PULS (Problemlösning, Umgänge, Livsmål och Självkontroll) fungerar brottsförebyggande, med fokus på resultat, förutsättningar och utmaningar i genomförandet av programmet. Datamaterialet samlades in genom 11 semistrukturerade intervjuer. Analysen av datamaterialet har sedan gjorts genom tematisk analys där datamaterialet systematiskt har behandlats och delats in i teman. Resultatet visar att programledarnas förväntade resultat av behandlingsprogrammet är att de berörda deltagarna ska använda de verktyg som erbjuds för att kontrollera sitt beteende och undvika att hamna i situationer som uppmanar till våld eller hot. En förutsättning för att det ska ske är samspelet mellan programledaren och deltagare. Resultatet visar att den främsta utmaningen i genomförandet av programmet är deltagarnas programstörande beteende. / Crime is a major problem for society and its inhabitants, as it disrupts public order and restricts the security of citizens. The Prison and Probation Service's work must therefore be crime prevention, increase people's security and contribute to a safer society. The Prison and Probation Service's important social mission is to ensure that punishments are enforced, but also to work to prevent crime in society. The Swedish Prison and Probation Service offers treatment programs that are primarily aimed at general crime, violent and sexual crimes, relationship crimes, as well as drug and alcohol abuse. The purpose of the study is to investigate how program leaders within the Swedish Prison and Probation Service experience that the treatment program PULS (Problem solving, Socializing, Life goals and Self-control) functions as crime prevention, with a focus on results, conditions, and challenges in the implementation of the program. The data material was collected through 11 semi-structured interviews. The analysis of the data material has then been done through thematic analysis where the data material has been systematically processed and divided into themes. The results show that the presenters' expected results of the treatment program are that the affected clients should use the tools offered to control their behavior and avoid ending up in situations that call for violence or threats. A prerequisite for this to happen is the interaction between the host and the client. The results show that the main challenge in the implementation of the program is the clients' disruptive behavior. / <p>2021-01-14</p>

Este estudio se centra en determinar las evidencias psicométricas de la versión española del la Escala Breve de Autocontrol de Tangney, Baumeister y Boone en adolescentes de Lima. La muestra está compuesta por 329 estudiantes de tercero a quinto de secundaria de entre 14 a 17 años, siendo un 60% de sexo masculino y 40% de sexo femenino. Se les administró la Escala Breve de Autocontrol de, así como la versión adaptada del Cuestionario de Agresión de Buss y Perry. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que el análisis descriptivo, basado en la asimetría y curtosis, proporcionó información para la detección de la no-normalidad de los datos. A su vez, el análisis factorial exploratorio reveló la existencia de dos factores, los cuales brindaron una buena confiabilidad; y se identificaron diversas correlaciones positivas moderadas entre las dimensiones de los dos cuestionarios. En base a los resultados se concluye que la escala breve de autocontrol cuenta con adecuadas evidencias de validez y fiabilidad para evaluar el autocontrol en una muestra peruana de adolescentes. / This study focuses on determining the psychometric evidence of the Spanish version of the Brief Scale of Self-Control of Tangney, Baumeister and Boone in adolescents of Lima Metropolitana. The sample is made up of 329 students from third to fifth grade of secondary school between 14 to 17 years old, being 60% males and 40% females. They were administered the Brief Self-Control Scale, as well as the adapted version of the Buss and Perry Assault Questionnaire. The results obtained show that the descriptive analysis, based on skewness and kurtosis, provided information for the detection of non-normality of the data. In turn, exploratory factor analysis revealed the existence of two factors, which provided a good reliability; and several moderate positive correlations were identified between the dimensions of the two questionnaires. Based on the results, it is concluded that the Brief Scale of Self-Control does have adequate evidence of validity and reliability to assess self-control in a Peruvian sample of adolescents.

Violent video games have been questioned in its influence toward violence and aggressivebehavior in nowadays especially with adolescents and young adults which usually spend theirtime playing games more than other activity. The aim of this research is to find a correlationbetween violent video games exposure, aggressive behavior and self-control in an individual toanswer the question that “Is playing violent video games can lead a person to be more violence,aggressive and lack of self-control more than it should be?” The research will be studied with351 people in the Thailand Gamer Community. An aggressive behavior and impulsive behaviorwill be look into by self-questionnaire: Buss – Perry aggression questionnaire: BPAQ – ShortForm to measure aggressive behavior, the short version of the Self-Control Scale to measure animpulsive behavior and for a violent video games exposure, it will be measured by the time thatparticipants playing video games and how violent it exposure to violent video games andaggressive behavior but the results only show a slightly correlation between these two variables.Nevertheless, the results show no correlation between violent video games exposure andimpulsive behavior.

En 2015, les pathologies cardiovasculaires étaient responsables de 18 millions de décès par an dans le monde, ce qui en fait la principale cause de mortalité liée aux maladies non-transmissibles. Il a été mis en évidence que des changements de comportements multiples en termes d’activité physique, d’alimentation, de consommation de tabac, et d’observance médicamenteuse, représentaient des moyens efficaces de prévenir l’émergence de cardiopathies chez des populations générales, et des rechutes après un accident cardiaque. En psychologie sociale et de la santé, la compréhension des déterminants des comportements de santé s’est principalement appuyée sur deux approches : l’approche socio-cognitive et l’approche duale. Bien que ces modèles aient identifié plusieurs prédicteurs du comportement, ils sont porteurs de limites qui les rendent difficilement applicables au cadre du changement de comportements multiples. D’une part, ces approches proposent des déterminants spécifiques à un comportement, ce qui ne permet pas de comprendre ce qui détermine l’adoption de plusieurs comportements simultanément. D’autre part, ils ne prennent pas en compte la nature des comportements de santé. Or, les comportements diffèrent sur un certain nombre de caractéristiques, et les comportements pathogènes peuvent s’opposer aux comportements salutogènes, générant alors un conflit chez l’individu. Dans le cadre des changements de comportements multiples, une mauvaise gestion de ce conflit pourrait expliquer la prévalence des comportements pathogènes. Ce travail doctoral a investigué le rôle de deux processus de réduction du conflit pertinent dans le cadre du changement de comportements multiples : les cognitions compensatrices et le contrôle de soi. Plus précisément, ils ont cherché à évaluer (1) dans quelle mesure le mécanisme inter-comportemental des cognitions compensatrices pouvait perturber la formation d’intention envers des comportements de santé ; et (2) si le contrôle de soi était un déterminant aspécifique permettant l’émergence de plusieurs comportements de santé. Nous avons répondu à ces questionnements à travers quatre études empiriques décrites dans trois manuscrtis. Le premier a évalué le rôle délétère des cognitions compensatrices (en dissociant celles-ci selon la nature des comportements) sur la formation d’intentions envers différents comportements de santé, chez des individus atteints de cardiopathies. Les résultats ont montré que ces croyances peuvent avoir des effets négatifs sur les intentions à certains niveaux d’auto-efficacité et de risques perçus. Le deuxième manuscrit présente une étude qui a évalué dans quelle mesure le modèle du contrôle de soi, auquel nous avons intégré une mesure de l’état de la capacité de contrôle de soi, prédisait les comportements de santé. Nos résultats montrent des processus globalement différenciés selon le type de comportement : activité physique/sédentarité, alimentation équilibrée/déséquilibrée, et consommation de tabac. Plus précisément, ils suggèrent que l’effort de contrôle de soi prédirait les comportements pathogènes, et que l’état de la capacité de contrôle de soi prédirait les comportements salutogènes. Le troisième manuscrit a cherché à confirmer ces résultats chez deux populations, l’une d’étudiants, l’autre d’individus atteints de cardiopathies, en testant le modèle du contrôle de soi en contexte naturel et dans un devis longitudinal. Bien que des différences dans les patterns de résultats soient observés selon la population, les résultats semblent confirmer le rôle de l’effort de contrôle de soi sur les comportements pathogènes (sédentarité et alimentation déséquilibrée), et de la capacité de contrôle de soi sur les comportements salutogènes (activité physique). L’ensemble de ces résultats ouvrent la voie vers la construction d’interventions ciblant ces deux composants du modèle du contrôle de soi, afin d’améliorer l’adhérence aux comportements de santé chez des populations cardiaques. / In 2015, cardiovascular diseases caused 18 million deaths per year worldwide, which makes it the leading cause of death attributed to non-communicable diseases. Multiple health behaviors change in terms of physical activity, diet, tobacco consumption, and medication adherence represent one of the best ways to prevent cardiovascular diseases emergence on global population, and to prevent relapses on individual with cardiovascular diseases. To understand behaviors determinants, social and health psychology relies on two conceptual frameworks: socio-cognitive models and dual-process theories. These models identified several behavioral determinants, but two reasons could make their application difficult in the multiple health behavior change framework. First, these approaches proposed behavior-specific determinants that do not permit to understand what determines the simultaneous adoption of several behaviors. On the other hand, they do not consider behaviors characteristics. However, behavior characteristics could be different and unhealthy behaviors could confront healthy behaviors, and thus generate conflicts on an individual. Within the multiple health behavior change process, poor conflict-coping strategies could explain unhealthy behavior prevalence. This doctoral work has investigated role of two processes of conflict reduction within multiple health behavior change: compensatory health beliefs, and self-control. Specifically, they evaluated (1) to what extent compensatory health beliefs, a between-behavior belief, could harm intentions toward healthy behaviors; and (2) if self-control could be an unspecific determinant of multiple health behavior change. We conducted four empirical studies merged in three manuscripts to answer these questions. The first manuscript evaluated compensatory health beliefs harmful influences (by dissociating them according with behaviors nature) on intentions formation process toward several health behaviors, within individual with cardiovascular diseases. Results showed that these beliefs could harm intentions depending on certain self-efficacies and risks perception levels. The second manuscript presented a study that investigated to what extent the self-control model, with a measure of state self-control capacity, predicted health behaviors. Results highlighted different prediction patterns depending on behaviors domain: physical/sedentary activity, healthy/unhealthy diet, tobacco consumption. More precisely, results suggest that self-control effort predicted unhealthy behaviors, and state of self-control capacity predicted healthy ones. The third manuscript attempted to confirm these results on two populations. The first one was composed of students, and the second one was composed of individual with cardiovascular diseases, by testing self-control model on ecological context and with a longitudinal design. Despite differences within predictions patterns, depending on the population observed, results confirmed the role of self-control effort on unhealthy behaviors (sedentary time and unhealthy diet), and of state self-control capacity on healthy behavior (physical activity). Taking together, all these results pave the way to the development of interventions on these two self-control model components, in order to improve health behaviors adherence of individual with cardiovascular diseases.

Traditional martial arts are thought to be a path towards virtue through the practice of self-control. In this study, a survey was used to examine the associations between the practice of traditional martial arts, higher levels of self-control and lower levels of aggression, which were already suggested from previous research. The hypothesis was based both on self-control and social bonds theories as well as theories based on morality. The philosophical concept of t.m.a, which is thought to encourage individuals to practise discipline in the pursuit of virtue, was assumed to have contributed to the survey's results. Further research should examine traditional martial arts' potential in both crime (and recidivism) prevention as well as rehabilitation.