<p>Detta examensarbete är ett utvecklingsarbete av demonstrationsutrustning för enkel visning av fördelarna med M2M-tekniken vid insamling av mätdata och automatisk övervakning. Arbetet består av en praktisk del, som utgörs av demonstrationsväskan, och en mer teoretisk del, som utgörs av demonstrationsprogrammet. </p><p>Programmet har utvecklats till att med ett mätkort kopplat till en PC samla in mätvärden (spänningar), dessa skickas sedan som ett SMS med ett GSM-modem till en mottagare. Mottagaren kan vara en serviceman som vill ha felmeddelanden från utrustning inom dennes ansvarsområde, mottagaren kan även vara en server som rymmer en databas vilken används för att spara viktiga mätvärden för längre tid, t.ex. loggning av elförbrukning hos något kraftbolags kund. </p><p>Det hela har alltså resulterat i ett färdigt och väl fungerande program, som utför just det som är uppdraget ovan. Mätresultatenhar tillräcklig noggrannhet för detta uppdrag om att demonstrera fördelarna med M2M-tekniken, och mätresultatet kommer även fram till mottagaren i sin rätta form. </p><p>Detta betyder att M2M Communication AB nu kan demonstrera vinsten med M2M-tekniken för potentiell kund på ett enkelt och förklarande sätt. Integrerat i demonstrationsutrustningen har nu också företaget fått en enkel och självklar utrusning för att i praktiken se hur nya givare och annan utrusning fungerar ihop med ComHost 300 som är företagets primära produkt. </p> / <p>The goal with this master thesis is to develop a simple equipment to show the advantage of using M2M-technic when collect measured data and when using automatic monitoring of alarm and sensors. The thesis is divided in two parts, a practical part that corresponds to a case with sensors and equipment. The case is used to collect measure data to be used when demonstrating the theoretical part, which corresponds to the software program. The software program is developed to measure voltage with the data acquisition card, and then send them as a SMS text message via the GSM network. For this tasks the software also have to control the GSM-modem. This text message is either sent to a computer for logging in a database, or to the service department who owns the equipment measured. </p><p>This work has ended up in well function software that can be installed on a PC-system with a Windows 2000(tm) operation system. The accuracy on the measured data is good enough for the task to demonstrate the function of the M2M-technic. The text message is also arrive to the receiver as expected. </p><p>The result of this master thesis ends up giving the company M2M Communication AB the possibility to demonstrate the M2M-technic on a simple and explaining manner for a potential customer. Integrated in the new equipment the company also has been given a possibility to test new sensors and signal sources in a real world M2M test.</p>

e-Government systems are considered by both governments and international organisations to improve administration and management. In Tanzania, an e-government system for education administration, EMIS, is partly implemented but shows several limitations. Statistical data is collected but the process is resource demanding and much of the collected data are never put into the system, and therefore remain inaccessible from this electronic system. The overall aim of this study is to propose an approach to designing more efficient e-government systems within the education sector. The focus is on public schools. The more specific aim of the present study is to: explore more efficient data transfer (faster, more reliable, and potentially less resource demanding) by using mobile telephone technology, especially SMS, as a means for statistical data collection for Tanzanian education management. The study is guided by an overall research approach that comprises systems theory and a socio-technical view. This research is performed as a case study, inspired by the ethnographic method and comprises field studies in East Africa. A multi-technique approach is used for empirical data gathering, including literature study, interviews, and direct observations. The analytical process is performed by developing and applying three analytical models: XIF - the eXtended Sustainable ICT Framework   Triple A - Access, Attitude, Awareness Seven Aspects – an Approach Towards Success The contributions of this thesis are as follows. A mobile supported SMS-based statistical data collection process employing a blended digital solution is proposed. Likely effects of such a system would be ‘better’ data e.g. less transmission errors, which provides for ‘better’ administration, ‘better’ decision-making, and also provides for transparency. Moreover, it is very likely that the proposed system is significantly less resource demanding than the present system. The three analytical models that are developed specifically for this study have generic characters and can be used during the implementation process of other e-government solutions.  The most important part of the contribution is not the technological solution per se; it is the process that foregoes the actual implementation. The proposal departs specifically from the Tanzanian educational context but has implications for e-government systems solutions and information systems implementation in developing countries in general. Finally, three overall reflections are made based on the major observations of the research findings: the Double ‘e’ Dilemma, on the problem of prioritising electronics before electricity, the Mobiles to Avoid Mobility paradox, highlighting connectivity before mobility, and the opportunity to use the SMS to Combat Corruption weapon.

<p>Text communication is often perceived as lacking some components of communication that are essential in sustaining interaction or conversation. This interaction incoherency tends to make&nbsp / text communication plastic. It is traditionally devoid of intonation, pitch, gesture, facial expression and visual or auditory cues. Nevertheless, Instant Messaging (IM), a form of text communication is on the upward uptake both on PCs and on mobile handhelds. There is a need to rubberise this plastic text messaging to improve co-presence for text communications thereby improving&nbsp / synchronous textual discussion, especially on handheld devices. One element of interaction is gesture, seen as a natural way of conversing. Attaining some level of interaction naturalism&nbsp / requires improving synchronous communication spontaneity, partly achieved by enhancing input mechanisms. To enhance input mechanisms for interactive text-based chat on mobile devices,&nbsp / there is a need to facilitate gesture input. Enhancement is achievable in a number of ways, such as input mechanism redesigning and input offering adaptation. This thesis explores affective gesture mode on interface redesign as an input offering adaptation. This is done without a major physical reconstruction of handheld devices. This thesis presents a text only IM system built on&nbsp / Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) and SIP for Instant Messaging and Presence Leveraging Extensions (SIMPLE). It was developed with a novel user-defined hotkey implemented as a one-click context menu to &ldquo / fast-track&rdquo / text-gestures and emoticons. A hybrid quantitative and qualitative approach was taken to enable data triangulation. Results from experimental trials show that an&nbsp / Affective Gesture (AG)approach improved IM chat spontaneity/response. Feedback from the user trials affirms that AG hotkey improves chat responsiveness, thus enhancing chat spontaneity.</p>

The purpose of this thesis is to present an attractive service for the third generation mobile network that includes streaming video. A prototype application for this service is to be built. The technique behind streaming video is to be presented so that it comes clear what kind of problems and solutions that are associated with streaming. Finally, a platform for streaming video is to be tested and evaluated through different channels. The attractive service presented in this thesis is MMS - Multimedia Messaging Service. Today's popular SMS is evolving beyond text to multimedia. Multimedia will be part of the next generation messaging service called MMS, which will, in an advanced shape, include streaming video. MMS is expected to be a successful service for the next generation?s cell phones. The WAP Forum and the 3GPP industry groups are responsible for standardizing MMS. The standard defines an MMS architecture, which has a number of key elements that interact with each other. The prototype application that was built is called mVideo Messaging and is an MMS that is built on the basis of the MMS standard. The kernel of the prototype is a platform from PacketVideo that makes it possible to stream video over wireless networks. Theories and tests makes it clear that the parameters affecting the video quality can be found at the source/target while coding and compressing, as well as at the streaming-channel. At the channel there are above all three network problems - packet loss, end-to-end delay and delay jitter. To deal with these matters, new protocols have been developed. At the source/target it is important use an efficient compression scheme. MPEG-4 is a new compression scheme that suits very well for streaming video through wireless channels. MPEG- 4 make use of scalability, is object oriented, and is optimized for streaming between 9,6 kbps and 4 Mbps. The service proposed in this thesis as a future service for 3G is practicable. It is also shown that the service can be built using the technology of today.

Detta examensarbete är ett utvecklingsarbete av demonstrationsutrustning för enkel visning av fördelarna med M2M-tekniken vid insamling av mätdata och automatisk övervakning. Arbetet består av en praktisk del, som utgörs av demonstrationsväskan, och en mer teoretisk del, som utgörs av demonstrationsprogrammet. Programmet har utvecklats till att med ett mätkort kopplat till en PC samla in mätvärden (spänningar), dessa skickas sedan som ett SMS med ett GSM-modem till en mottagare. Mottagaren kan vara en serviceman som vill ha felmeddelanden från utrustning inom dennes ansvarsområde, mottagaren kan även vara en server som rymmer en databas vilken används för att spara viktiga mätvärden för längre tid, t.ex. loggning av elförbrukning hos något kraftbolags kund. Det hela har alltså resulterat i ett färdigt och väl fungerande program, som utför just det som är uppdraget ovan. Mätresultatenhar tillräcklig noggrannhet för detta uppdrag om att demonstrera fördelarna med M2M-tekniken, och mätresultatet kommer även fram till mottagaren i sin rätta form. Detta betyder att M2M Communication AB nu kan demonstrera vinsten med M2M-tekniken för potentiell kund på ett enkelt och förklarande sätt. Integrerat i demonstrationsutrustningen har nu också företaget fått en enkel och självklar utrusning för att i praktiken se hur nya givare och annan utrusning fungerar ihop med ComHost 300 som är företagets primära produkt. / The goal with this master thesis is to develop a simple equipment to show the advantage of using M2M-technic when collect measured data and when using automatic monitoring of alarm and sensors. The thesis is divided in two parts, a practical part that corresponds to a case with sensors and equipment. The case is used to collect measure data to be used when demonstrating the theoretical part, which corresponds to the software program. The software program is developed to measure voltage with the data acquisition card, and then send them as a SMS text message via the GSM network. For this tasks the software also have to control the GSM-modem. This text message is either sent to a computer for logging in a database, or to the service department who owns the equipment measured. This work has ended up in well function software that can be installed on a PC-system with a Windows 2000(tm) operation system. The accuracy on the measured data is good enough for the task to demonstrate the function of the M2M-technic. The text message is also arrive to the receiver as expected. The result of this master thesis ends up giving the company M2M Communication AB the possibility to demonstrate the M2M-technic on a simple and explaining manner for a potential customer. Integrated in the new equipment the company also has been given a possibility to test new sensors and signal sources in a real world M2M test.

<p>The purpose of this thesis is to present an attractive service for the third generation mobile network that includes streaming video. A prototype application for this service is to be built. The technique behind streaming video is to be presented so that it comes clear what kind of problems and solutions that are associated with streaming. Finally, a platform for streaming video is to be tested and evaluated through different channels. </p><p>The attractive service presented in this thesis is MMS - Multimedia Messaging Service. Today's popular SMS is evolving beyond text to multimedia. Multimedia will be part of the next generation messaging service called MMS, which will, in an advanced shape, include streaming video. MMS is expected to be a successful service for the next generation?s cell phones. </p><p>The WAP Forum and the 3GPP industry groups are responsible for standardizing MMS. The standard defines an MMS architecture, which has a number of key elements that interact with each other. The prototype application that was built is called mVideo Messaging and is an MMS that is built on the basis of the MMS standard. The kernel of the prototype is a platform from PacketVideo that makes it possible to stream video over wireless networks. </p><p>Theories and tests makes it clear that the parameters affecting the video quality can be found at the source/target while coding and compressing, as well as at the streaming-channel. At the channel there are above all three network problems - packet loss, end-to-end delay and delay jitter. To deal with these matters, new protocols have been developed. At the source/target it is important use an efficient compression scheme. MPEG-4 is a new compression scheme that suits very well for streaming video through wireless channels. MPEG- 4 make use of scalability, is object oriented, and is optimized for streaming between 9,6 kbps and 4 Mbps. </p><p>The service proposed in this thesis as a future service for 3G is practicable. It is also shown that the service can be built using the technology of today.</p>

<p>Text communication is often perceived as lacking some components of communication that are essential in sustaining interaction or conversation. This interaction incoherency tends to make&nbsp / text communication plastic. It is traditionally devoid of intonation, pitch, gesture, facial expression and visual or auditory cues. Nevertheless, Instant Messaging (IM), a form of text communication is on the upward uptake both on PCs and on mobile handhelds. There is a need to rubberise this plastic text messaging to improve co-presence for text communications thereby improving&nbsp / synchronous textual discussion, especially on handheld devices. One element of interaction is gesture, seen as a natural way of conversing. Attaining some level of interaction naturalism&nbsp / requires improving synchronous communication spontaneity, partly achieved by enhancing input mechanisms. To enhance input mechanisms for interactive text-based chat on mobile devices,&nbsp / there is a need to facilitate gesture input. Enhancement is achievable in a number of ways, such as input mechanism redesigning and input offering adaptation. This thesis explores affective gesture mode on interface redesign as an input offering adaptation. This is done without a major physical reconstruction of handheld devices. This thesis presents a text only IM system built on&nbsp / Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) and SIP for Instant Messaging and Presence Leveraging Extensions (SIMPLE). It was developed with a novel user-defined hotkey implemented as a one-click context menu to &ldquo / fast-track&rdquo / text-gestures and emoticons. A hybrid quantitative and qualitative approach was taken to enable data triangulation. Results from experimental trials show that an&nbsp / Affective Gesture (AG)approach improved IM chat spontaneity/response. Feedback from the user trials affirms that AG hotkey improves chat responsiveness, thus enhancing chat spontaneity.</p>

The predominant use of mobile media such as SMS and MIM across various sectors in Ghana is incontrovertibly influencing and reshaping interpersonal communications. This paper looked at the use of the Esoko SMS and WhatsApp MIM platforms and how the use of these two dominant platforms are enhancing and reshaping digital communication in the rural and urban Ghana respectively, as barriers of socioeconomic factors limits the use of sophisticated technologies in the rural setting. This is done by employing Madianou and Miller's notion of polymedia” to draw on the moral, social and the emotional use of mobile media in enacting interpersonal relationships and communications whilst keeping in focus the recursive repercussions.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T15:08:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo2708_1.pdf: 2094609 bytes, checksum: 0a53b094c36fb51340ebbced26b6c338 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Faculdade de Amparo à Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado de Pernambuco / O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar as influências dos critérios de responsabilidade social nas práticas de gerenciamento dos fornecedores de 2ª camada da cadeia de suprimentos da Petrobrás. Para atendimento desse objetivo buscou-se (1) esclarecer nuances do processo de seleção de fornecedores da Petrobrás, (2) conhecer a percepção das empresas em relação ao processo de seleção de fornecedores da Petrobrás, (3) compreender a percepção das empresas sobre a responsabilidade social corporativa, (4) identificar práticas de seleção de fornecedores influenciadas pelos critérios de SMS e Gerencial e (5) discutir a motivação das empresas locais, a partir de aspectos do isomorfismo estrutural, em utilizar as práticas de responsabilidade social da Petrobrás. A fundamentação teórica utilizada na pesquisa foi constituída por estudos na área de gestão da cadeia de suprimentos, responsabilidade social e corporativa, responsabilidade social na cadeia de suprimento e isomorfismo organizacional. Os processos da Petrobrás foram abordados pelo levantamento bibliográfico, pesquisa documental e realização de entrevistas. A pesquisa é um estudo qualitativo de múltiplos casos, tendo como unidades de análise as empresas CODISTIL, MCM e JBR. Analisou-se, ainda, o Sindicato das Indústrias Metalúrgicas, Mecânicas e de Material Elétrico do Estado de Pernambuco. Para coleta de dados utilizou-se entrevistas semi-estruturadas e pesquisa documental. Os principais resultados indicam que, no aspecto da responsabilidade social, a Petrobrás influencia de forma diferente as empresas pesquisadas. CODISTIL e MCM apresentam práticas diferenciadas entre &#8213;fornecedores Petrobrás&#8214; e demais fornecedores. Os critérios de SMS e Gerencial influenciam as práticas relacionadas apenas aos fornecedores dos contratos específicos da estatal. A JBR faz uso de aspectos de responsabilidade social corporativa em suas práticas de gestão de fornecedores, no entanto esse comportamento não foi motivado pelo relacionamento com a Petrobrás. Dessa forma, percebe-se que os critérios de SMS e Gerencial da Petrobrás influenciam de forma superficial as práticas de gerenciamento de fornecedores nas empresas da pesquisa. CODISTIL e MCM apresentam um comportamento isomórfico coercitivo, enquanto a JBR não apresenta enquadramento nas categorias isomórficas, já que sua atuação foi desenvolvida de forma independente ao relacionamento com a Petrobrás. Sendo assim, entende-se que a teoria institucional isoladamente não é suficiente para explicar o comportamento dos atores presentes no campo pesquisado

Le début du XXIe siècle se caractérise par l'explosion des échanges via Internet et par la multiplication des objets connectés, au premier rang desquels le Smartphone (apparu en 2007). Autant d'appareils qui permettent de recevoir et d'envoyer des informations sous des formes diverses (messages vocaux, images, vidéos, textes, etc.). Les modes de communication et les usages qui en découlent se sont multipliés et propagés. C'est désormais en milliards que se comptent les utilisateurs de Smartphones. Celte adoption en masse du Smartphone a radicalement transformé les habitudes de tout un chacun, sans distinction de génération, de sexe, de catégorie socioprofessionnelle, de culture, d'appartenance géographique, etc. Envahissant la planète et pénétrant, dans le même élan, la sphère artistique, l'appareil a su se faire adopter par les créateurs, auprès desquels il joue désormais un rôle particulier, voire plusieurs: d'abord sujet de réflexion, Je Smartphone, à la technologie complexe et aux nombreuses fonctionnalités, est devenu à la fois outil de création, lieu d'expérimentation et d'exposition, moyen de transmission et de diffusion ... Connecté et tactile, il a créé une proximité et une relation nouvelles entre les artistes et le public. Bien qu'extrêmement diverses, les pratiques artistiques et les œuvres qu'il engendre n'en forment pas moins un corpus cohérent dont les ressorts communs diffèrent de ce qui caractérise habituellement une œuvre d'art. La force du Mobile An réside dans sa capacité d'adaptation et de métamorphose. Avec lui, l'imagination déborde sans cesse la technologie pour se mettre à la portée de tous. Il est un art démocratique, désacralisé et populaire. / The outburst of exchanges via Internet and the multiplication of connected devices -number one being the Smartphone which arrived in 2007 -characterize the beginning of the XXIst century. Ali these devices enable us to receive or send different forms of information (voice messages, images, videos, texts, and so on). These new ways of communicating and their new uses have been greatly developed and diversified ever since. There are now billions of Smartphone users around the world. This massive use of the Smartphone utterly transformed everyone's habits, whatever the generation, the gender, the socio-professional category, the cultural background, the geographical area ... After flooding the plane! and then ente1ing the artistic sphere, this device has been adopted by artists and is now playing a very special part in their creative process: first mere food for thought, the Smartphone characterised by a complex technology and a lot of functions has become a tool as well as a space for experimenting and exhibiting, a means to transmit and to spread any idea, information or creative work ... It is connected, tactile and responsible for a new kind of proximity and relationship between artists and their public. The artistic practices and artworks in which the Smartphone is used, though highly diverse, nevertheless belong to a consistent corpus, the underlying motivations of which being different from what generally characterises an artwork. The power of Mobile Art lays in its ability to adapt and to transform itself. Imagination is able to continuously extend beyond technology to bring itself within everyone's reach. It is a democratic, desacralized and popular art.