NK/T-cell lymphoma (NKTCL) and T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas ( T-NHL) are highly aggressive lymphomas that lack rationally designed therapies and rely on repurposed chemotherapeutics from other hematological cancers. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) have been targeted in a range of malignancies, including T-cell lymphomas. This study represents exploratory findings of HDAC6 inhibition in NKTCL and T-NHL through a second-generation inhibitor NN-429. With nanomolar in vitro HDAC6 potency and high in vitro and in cellulo selectivity for HDAC6, NN-429 also exhibited long residence time and improved pharmacokinetic properties in contrast to older generation inhibitors. Following unique selective cytotoxicity towards T-NHL and NKTCL, NN-429 demonstrated a synergistic relationship with the clinical agent etoposide and potential synergies with doxorubicin, cytarabine, and SNS-032 in these disease models, opening an avenue for combination treatment strategies.

This diploma thesis is aimed at assessing the existence of synergistic effects of the selected consolidated entities in the Czech Republic. Using specific financial metrics, the objective of this thesis is to identify the synergistic effects which occur among five consolidated entities operating in the area of property. Measurement and evaluation are performed pursuant to analysis of financial statements as well as qualitative data and are supposed to lead to assessing the existence of synergy in given sphere of national economy.

No description available.

Mergers and acquisitions have been demonstrated to create synergies, but not in all cases. Current research reveals that where synergies exist, these seem to accrue to the shareholders of the selling companies. Given the limitations of our qualitative research design, we find that it is important to quantify synergy before the acquisition, preferably by applying certain best practices. In an attempt to enhance understanding of the phenomenon, we find that several types of synergy exist and that their origins include efficiencies, such as economies of scale and economies in innovative activity. We further find that the bid price is an important indicator of success and that its maximum should not exceed the intrinsic value of the target, plus the value of synergies between the bidder and target. We further find that best practices exist in quantifying cost and revenue synergies and describe these separately per origin. / Management Accounting / M.Com. (Accounting)

<p>Abstract</p><p>Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A) have been around for a long time and has experienced waves of popularity during these times and they are very much an important part of today’s business world. M&As have also become increasingly international which can be due to the rising global competition. The popularity of cross-border M&As makes it important to look at M&As from an international perspective. One of the main reasons a company choose to M&A is growth (Lees, 2003) and there are several possible motives why a company chooses to grow through an M&A but the most common motive is to create synergy (DePhamphilis, 2005). Although synergy is one motive, according to the literature more M&As destroy value instead of creating it (Habeck, et al. 2000). This makes this subject interesting to study: especially the post-M&A phase since the integration process in this phase has been pointed out to be the riskiest, when creating synergy, but also the most crucial in order for a successful M&A (Habeck, et al. 2000; Shaver, 2006).</p><p>Purpose:</p><p>The purpose of this thesis is to analyze how the management of a company create and realize synergies in the post-M&A process of a cross-border M&A.</p><p>Method:</p><p>In order to fulfil the purpose the case study approach was chosen. The empirical data was gathered through semi-structured face-to–face (except two telephone) interviews. This approach was used because the information needed to fulfil the purpose was of the character to be found in a qualitative way by going in-depth into the field of interest with a management team with extensive knowledge in this subject.</p><p>Conclusion:</p><p>Creating and realizing synergies is a long process on average 5-10 years. There is no manual for the M&A process only a general approach and each M&A process is customized. It was found that one cannot separate the pre-deal phase from the post-phase. An M&A process includes three different important parts; the strategic intent phase, the due diligence phase, and finally the integration phase. Key success factors for conducting an M&A are that you set up a special management group which will focus on the creation and realisation of synergies and that one focus on motivating and assisting managers through offer new exiting challenges.</p>

Kandidatuppsats i Företagsekonomi C, Ekonomihögskolan vid Linnéuniversitetet i Växjö, Ekonomistyrning, 2FE13E, VT 2014. Författare: Robin Arnefjord, Erik Davidsson &amp; Alexander Persson Handledare/Examinator: Petter Boye Medbedömare: Jan Alpenberg Titel: Capellagården –Hur samarbeten och nätverk kan bidra till ökade intäkter   Bakgrund: Capellagården är en fristående internatskola på södra Öland som likt många andra skolor av detta slag brottas med knappa resurser. Detta har lett till att Capellagården eftersökt alternativa sätt att effektivisera användningen av tillgängliga resurser samt genom nya samarbeten och nätverk hitta nya intäkter. Syfte: Syftet är att beskriva hur samarbeten och nätverk kan öka intäkternaför en skola som Capellagården. Detta görs i tre steg där vi inleder med att beskriva dagens situation för att sedan studera liknande skolor och slutligen identifiera utvecklingsmöjligheter. Metod: I studien så har vi använt oss av ett abduktivt angreppssätt samt en kvalitativ forskningsstrategi. Empirin har huvudsakligen hämtats från intervjuer med företrädare för tre hantverksskolor. Slutsats: Vi kan konstatera att Capellagården kan dra lärdom av andra skolors sätt att arbeta med samarbeten och nätverk för att öka intäkterna.Exempelvis genom att användning av benchmarking. Samarbetena leder också till synergieffekter i form av kompetens- samt resursdelning. Ett ökat kommunalt samarbete samt en utveckling av arbetet med studenternas nätverk hade stärkt skolan. / Bachelor Thesis Business Administration III, School of Economics at Linnaeus University of Växjö. Management Accounting, 2FE13E, Spring 2014. Authors: Robin Arnefjord, Erik Davidsson &amp; Alexander Persson Examinator/Advisor: Petter Boye Second Examiner: Jan Alpenberg Title: Capellagården – How co-operation and networks can contribute to increased revenues   Background: Capellagården is a stand-alone boarding school located in the southern part of Öland and like many other schools they struggle with scarce resources. This has led to that Capellagården have sought alternative ways to make the usage of available resources more effective as well as through new co-operations and networks find new revenue. Purpose: The purpose is to describe how co-operation and networks can help with the development of a school like Capellagården and increase revenues. This is done in three steps where we start with a description of the present-day situation then study similar schools and finally identify potential development opportunities. Method: We have used an abductive approach and a qualitative research strategy in this study. The empirical material has primarily been collected through interviews with relevant parties of three Craft schools. Conclusion: We can conclude that Capellagården can learn from the way other schools work with co-operation and networks to increase revenues. For example through the usage of benchmarking. Co-operations will also lead to synergy effects in the shape of sharing competence and resources. An increase in the municipal co-operation and a development of the students network would have strengthened the school.

Changes are afoot in the nonprofit sector of the economy (James, 2003). Nonprofit leaders are adopting entrepreneurial business models to sustain or expand the scope of their mission work. This change is part of a counter-hegemonic shift toward a new economic paradigm in which blended business models create both social and financial value (Sabeti, 2009; Sahakian & Dunand, 2013). The current study explored how nonprofit leaders understand the shift toward a more enterprising and entrepreneurial nonprofit sector. Qualitative methods, along with a grounded theory framework were used to elicit leaders' perspectives on the emergence of social enterprise in nonprofits and the characteristics of successful nonprofit social enterprise. Findings include five themes of social enterprise understanding that offer structure for further research and professional discourse on the subject, including: 1) Social enterprise as a necessary and inevitable evolution of the nonprofit organization; 2) Social enterprise as a means of achieving a social mission; 3) Social enterprise as a true blending of business and social impact models; 4) Social enterprise as a business principle applied to a social mission context; and 5) Social enterprise as a market-driven approach to financial and social value creation. A secondary analysis points to the emergence of a social enterprise synergy effect in which the social and financial value generated by nonprofit social enterprises yield a third effect that is greater than the sum of the individual parts. The implications of these findings are limited to nonprofit social enterprises, but contribute to our understanding of this nascent field.

Cette thèse s'inscrit dans les problématiques liées au captage de CO2 en postcombustion et au traitement du gaz naturel. Une méthodologie a été développée dans le cadre de cette thèse afin de comprendre la cinétique d'absorption de CO2 par des solutions aqueuses de mélange d'amines. Cette méthodologie comporte l'acquisition de données expérimentales à travers un outil expérimental de type film tombant, ainsi que l'exploitation de ces données via un modèle couplant l'ensemble des phénomènes physico-chimiques mis en oeuvre au sein du réacteur. Cette méthodologie a dans un premier temps été appliquée à l'étude du système CO2-pipérazine, pour lequel l'extrapolation de la cinétique chimique de la littérature a été validée dans des gammes étendues de températures, concentrations d'amines et de taux de charge en CO2 (ratio entre le nombre de mol CO2 et le nombre de mol d'amine en solution). La cinétique d'absorption du CO2 dans le mélange complexe N-méthyldiéthanolamine-pipérazine, a ensuite été examinée. La synergie entre les deux amines pour absorber le CO2 ainsi que l'influence du taux de charge sur la cinétique chimique du système ont été quantifiées. Cette méthodologie sera mise en ?uvre au sein des projets de recherche IFPEN afin de quantifier la cinétique chimique des systèmes CO2-mélanges d'amines dans le cadre des procédés de captage de CO2 et de désacidification de gaz naturel. Paramètre essentiel de la modélisation du transfert gaz-liquide, une connaissance fine de la cinétique d'absorption du CO2 permet, in fine, d'améliorer la fiabilité du design des colonnes d'absorption industrielles / Processes based on chemical absorption are widely used for removing CO2 contained in natural gas, hydrogen or flue gas. Mixtures of amines can be used as a solvent for these applications in order to accelerate CO2 mass transfer towards the liquid phase, while keeping a low energy consumption to be regenerated. A methodology has been developed in the framework of this PhD to understand the kinetics of the absorption of CO2 into mixtures of amines. Experimental data provided by a wetted wall column apparatus have been interpreted by a rigorous model taking into account all phenomena occurring within the reactor. This work was firstly dedicated to study the kinetics of the absorption of CO2 by aqueous piperazine solutions. The extrapolation of PZ / CO2 kinetics given by the literature has been validated in a wide range of operating conditions. The kinetics of the absorption of CO2 by mixtures of N-methyldiethanolamine and piperazine has then been assessed. The synergy between both amines at low loading allowing the CO2 mass transfer to be accelerated as well as the impact of the CO2 loading on the absorption kinetics have been quantified. This methodology will be used at IFP Energies nouvelles in order to study the kinetics of the absorption of CO2 by mixtures of amines, in the framework of CO2 postcombustion capture and natural gas treatment processes development. The knowledge of the kinetics of the CO2 absorption by mixtures of amines will allow to enhance the reliability of the absorption column design

La dégradation par fretting-corrosion des prothèses de hanche cimentées est l’une des principales causes de réintervention chirurgicale. L’étude du fretting-corrosion est effectuée entre un acier inoxydable 316L, matériau utilisé pour les tiges fémorales, et un polymère PMMA, matériau modèle du ciment chirurgical, dans différentes solutions, plus ou moins proches du liquide physiologique.L’étude a d'abord été réalisée à potentiel libre (OCP) pour être proche des conditions in vivo. L’influence des chlorures et le rôle de l’albumine, principale protéine du liquide physiologique, sur la dégradation du 316L et de sa couche passive sont ainsi évalués.Pour pouvoir obtenir des informations sur le courant de corrosion, des essais sont effectués à potentiel imposé. Le potentiel choisi est proche de la valeur de potentiel pendant fretting : E = -400 mV(ECS). Ce potentiel permet d’observer la transition entre courant cathodique et courant anodique en fonction de la force ionique. Lors d’un essai de fretting-corrosion, l’albumine joue le rôle d’inhibiteur de corrosion.La dégradation du 316L par fretting-corrosion est une combinaison entre l’usure corrosive, due au milieu physiologique contenant des chlorures, et l’usure mécanique. Il existe un terme de synergie entre usures corrosive et mécanique. L’influence de la force ionique et de l’albumine sur ce terme de synergie est aussi quantifiée.La forme de la trace d’usure en “W”, caractéristique du fretting-corrosion, est due à un gradient de pH et à un mécanisme de corrosion proche de la corrosion caverneuse. Une étude à pH global imposé a permis d’estimer les valeurs probables de pH dans et à une courte distance de la zone d’usure. / In case of total hip joint cemented prosthesis, one of the most important causes of reintervention is the degradation induced by fretting-corrosion. The study of fretting-corrosion mechanism is conducted between a 316L stainless steel, the same material as the femoral stem, and a polymer PMMA, a model material for bone cement, in several solutions, more or less close to physiological liquid.First, the study was investigated at Open Circuit Potential (OCP), to be close to the in vivo conditions. The influence of chlorides and the role of albumin, the principal protein in the physiological liquid, on the 316L and its passive layer degradation are evaluated.To obtain some information on corrosion current, experiments are investigated at applied potential. The chosen potential is close to the value of the potential during fretting: E = -400 mV(SCE). Besides, this potential is a threshold potential for anodic and cathodic transition of current as a function of ionic strength. One of the key points is the role of albumin as a corrosion inhibitor in the degradation by fretting-corrosion.The 316L degradation by fretting-corrosion is a combination between corrosive wear, due to the physiological liquid which contains chlorides, and mechanical wear. There is a synergy term between corrosive and mechanical wears. The influence of ionic strength and albumin concentration on this synergy term is also quantified.The shape of the worn area in “W”, typical of fretting-corrosion, is due to a pH gradient and a corrosion mechanism close to crevice corrosion. A study where the global pH of the solution is fixed allows estimating values of pH in and at a short distance from the worn area.

La télédétection spatiale de la couleur de l’océan implique l’élimination de la contribution atmosphérique, appelée correction atmosphérique (CA). Au-dessus des eaux claires, cette dernière se base sur l’hypothèse que l’eau est totalement absorbante dans le Proche Infra-Rouge (PIR) pour estimer la réflectance atmosphérique et déterminer la réflectance marine. À l’opposé, au-dessus des eaux côtières turbides, la contribution du signal marin n’est pas négligeable dans le PIR. De ce fait, différentes méthodes alternatives ont été proposées. La thèse se consacre à l’évaluation des algorithmes de CA proposés et leur amélioration pour le capteur Ocean and Land Colour Instrument (OLCI) au-dessus des eaux côtières en exploitant sa synergie avec le capteur Sea and Land Surface Temperature Radiometer (SLSTR). Dans ce but, des mesures radiométriques in-situ ont été acquises dans deux zones côtières françaises contrastées : Manche orientale et Guyane Française, avec le spectro-radiomètre ASD, suivant un nouveau protocole d’acquisition et de post-traitement. Le post-traitement s’est basé sur le coefficient de variabilité et la différence relative de la médiane dans le contrôle de qualité, en plus du score d’assurance de qualité (QAS). Suivant l’analyse statistique basée en partie sur l’angle spectral moyenné (SAM), l’inter-comparaison radiométrique de l’ASD avec les autres radiomètres (TriOS-above et Radeau), a révélé la cohérence des mesures ASD. L’utilisation de ces dernières a permis l’inter-comparaison de la performance de cinq algorithmes de CA, où l’algorithme Polymer est le plus performant d’après un système à points avec une seule métrique. Cependant aucun algorithme a atteint le maximum de points soulignant la grande marge de progression à accomplir, surtout en eau côtière. Dans cette optique, trois relations spectrales de la réflectance des aérosols ont été testées sur une base de données simulées suivant la synergie OLCI/SLSTR. Une autre relation, Full Spectrum AC (FSAC) a été développée initialement en combinant deux relations existantes, après l’élimination de l’hypothèse du pixel noir dans l’ultra-violet (UV) et l’intégration d’un schéma itératif. L’inter-comparaison des relations révèle la cohérence de FSAC qui est légèrement moins performante qu’une relation publiée. L’application de FSAC sur des images OLCI/SLSTR ouvrirait des perspectives dans l’amélioration de la CA au-dessus des eaux côtières. / The ocean color remote sensing involves the removal of the atmospheric contribution, the so-called atmospheric correction (AC). Over clear waters, the latter is based on the hypothesis that the sea water is totally absorbent in the Near Infra-Red (NIR), to estimate the atmospheric reflectance and to determine the water reflectance. By contrast, over coastal turbid waters, the marine signal is not negligible in the NIR. Accordingly, different alternative methods were proposed. The thesis is committed to evaluate the proposed AC algorithms and their improvement for the Ocean and Land Colour Instrument (OLCI) sensor over coastal waters exploiting its synergy with the Sea and Land Surface Temperature Radiometer (SLSTR) sensor. For this purpose, radiometric in-situ measurements were acquired in two contrasted French coastal areas : Eastern English Channel and FrenchGuiana, with the ASD spectro-radiometer, according to a newly developed measurement and post-processing protocol. The post-processing was based on the coefficient of variability and the median relative difference, in addition to the Quality Assurance Score (QAS). Following the statistical analysis in part based on the Spectral Angle Mean (SAM), the radiometric inter-comparison of the ASD and other radiometers (TriOS-above and TriOS in-water), shows the consistency of the ASD measurements. The use of these measurement leads to carry out the performance inter-comparison of five AC algorithms, where the Polymer algorithm is the most efficient according to a unique metric scoring system. However, neither algorithm obtained the maximum score, highlighting the big room for improvement, especially for coastal waters. With this in mind; three spectral relationships of aerosols reflectance were tested with a simulated data set based on OLCI/SLSTR synergy. Another relationship, Full Spectrum AC (FSAC) was initially developed combining two existing relationships, after excluding the black pixel hypothesis in the Ultra-Violet and integrating a iterative scheme. The relationships inter-comparison shows consistency ofFSAC which is slightly less performing than one published relationship. The application of FSAC on OLCI/SLSTR images could have perspectives to improve the AC over coastal waters.