L’espace alsacien est divisé principalement en deux diocèses catholiques jusqu’à la Révolution. La Réforme protestante, survenant en Alsace dès les années 1520, crée une situation particulière qui voit désormais cohabiter, dans une atmosphère conflictuelle, deux religions chrétiennes qui s’opposent notamment sur le plan cultuel. Les objets et les ornements sont au cœur du culte catholique, faisant l’objet de publications explicatives ou normatives dès la fin du XVe siècle. Le corpus, qui couvre essentiellement la fin du XVIIe siècle et le XVIIIe siècle, permet de discerner des périodes esthétiques qui répondent aux grands courants artistiques de la période prise en compte. Les objets et les ornements sont pris en compte en tant que production artisanale régionale ou venue d’ailleurs. L’étude de l'orfèvrerie permet de dessiner un réseau orienté vers les villes d’Allemagne du sud, Augsbourg notamment, alors que les textiles connaissent un espace davantage tourné vers Lyon et Paris. Le cadre régional et corporatif se trouve complété par des réseaux commerciaux, dominés en partie par des familles originaires de Savoie. Ces objets et ornements sont achetés par les institutions, notamment les fabriques, ou bien font l’objet de dons aux églises. Ils sont soumis aux aléas des événements, ce qui permet de dessiner des variations cycliques de création et de destruction. Au-delà de l’économie générée, la question des commanditaires permet de toucher à la perception du beau et du sacré par les fidèles au sein des paroisses, perception concrétisée dans la construction et dans l’aménagement des sacristies. Enfin, la question de l’utilisation des objets et des ornements débouche sur une analyse de la sacralité attachée à ces objets et de leur perception par les fidèles. Une théologie des objets peut ainsi être envisagée, entre une perception proche du tabou et une mise en péril par la profanation, la destruction ou, peut-être aussi, par leur patrimonialisation. / Until the Revolution, the Alsace area was roughly divided into two catholic dioceses. The protestant reform, which started in Alsace as soon as the 1520s, created an unusual situation, where two Christian religions confronting each others mainly on religious matters, also had to live together. Objects and ornaments were in the heart of the Catholic cult, as related in explanatory or normative publishings, as soon as the end of the XVth century. The corpus, which essentially covers the end of the XVIIth as well as the XVIIIth century, helps us distinguish the aesthetic periods which match the main artistic currents of the concerned time. The objects and ornaments are referred to as regional or imported craft. The study of silverware allows us to draw a network oriented towards the cities of Southern Germany, such as Augsburg, whereas textile is more to be found around Lyon and Paris. The regional and corporative frame is completed by business networks, partially ruled by families from Savoie. These objects and ornaments were either bought by institutions such as church councils or donated to churches. They were submitted to the randomness of events which draws cyclical variations of creation and destruction. Beyond the economic consequences, the order givers prompt us to study the way the faithful apprehended beauty and sacredness, which were made concrete in the building and furnishing of sacristies. To finish with, the study of the use of the objects and ornaments leads to an analysis of the sacred value linked to these objects and the way the faithful considered it. Thus, a theology of objects may be considered, amid a taboo related perception and the risk of desecration, destruction or maybe even by their status when classified as patrimony.

La civilisation celtique insulaire se caractérisait par un fort substrat païen. Le sacré pouvait s’incarner dans toute chose et se matérialiser au sein du paysage, qu’il soit naturel ou aménagé par l’homme. Dès le Néolithique, la pierre fut adoptée afin d’honorer les divinités et son emploi perdura pendant de nombreux millénaires. Grâce aux sources textuelles vernaculaires, il est possible de recenser de nombreuses valeurs d’usage à l’élément lithique, puisqu’il fut aussi bien associé au domaine astronomique qu’à celui du funéraire. Son utilisation n’était pas dévolue à une seule catégorie d’individus, rois, guerriers et religieux pouvant tour à tour en avoir la jouissance. L’arrivée des émissaires de la nouvelle foi entre les Ve et VIe siècles bouleversa les rites et les pratiques des populations locales. Bien qu’elles se soient soumises aux préceptes du Dieu unique, elles réussirent à conserver des fragments de leur héritage qui perdurèrent par le biais du vieux fond mythologique, couché par écrit par les scribes médiévaux. La présente étude propose une incursion dans cette époque méconnue, où histoire et légende se mêlent. / The insular Celtic civilization was characterized by a strong pagan substratum. The sacred was embodied in everything and could be observed in the landscape, whether natural or man-made. Since the Neolithic, stones were used to honor divinities and this practice continued for many millennia. Thanks to vernacular textual sources, it is possible to identify many uses of the lithic element, since it was associated with astronomy as well as with burial practices. However, it was not reserved to a specific group and kings, warriors, druids or clerics could all have access to it. With the arrival of the emissaries of the new Christian faith between the 5th and the 6th centuries, local rites and practices were disrupted. Although the Celtic people submitted to the precepts of the one God, they still succeeded in preserving fragments of their heritage that survived through their mythology as recorded by medieval scribes. This study is an attempt at a foray into an obscure period where history and legend merge.

Sabemos que a literatura assume contornos singulares nas franjas dos núcleos hegemônicos. Brasil e África são territórios marcados por uma profunda e complexa tensão entre elementos genuínos e elementos impostos pela colonização. Irmanar essas experiências fronteiriças é nossa tentativa neste tempo de mundialização. Esta tese analisa a dimensão do sagrado com base no estudo comparado de Manoel de Barros e Mia Couto. Compreendido como uma dimensão da existência, qualitativamente diferente da dimensão profana, embora nela manifestado, o sagrado participa do projeto estético e do projeto político dos dois autores, sendo elemento importante tanto para afirmar a identidade das duas culturas quanto para projetar um novo homem e uma nova forma de conhecimento para o século XXI. Tanto de maneira visível quanto camuflada, o sagrado compõe tanto a cultura tradicional quanto a moderna, revelando-se nas obras literárias dirigidas a adultos e a crianças. Por meio de suas fulgurações, tanto na poesia quanto na prosa, torna-se possível evidenciar raízes similares e marcas identitárias das duas culturas e das duas literaturas que compõem um macrossistema, no interior do qual nenhuma das literaturas afirma-se como paradigmática. A língua portuguesa é o instrumento com o qual Brasil e Moçambique fortalecem e irmanam suas experiências. Importa-nos, dentro do pensamento crítico, nas novas perspectivas de perceber o mundo como uma realidade de fronteiras múltiplas, buscar enlaçamentos nas sendas do comunitarismo cultural. Nosso desejo é criar laços de solidariedade passíveis de extrapolarem as fronteiras nacionais e atingirem o supranacional. Os elementos transcendentes com que o leitor entra em contato pela via do imaginário fertilizam sua experiência vivida, potencializando transformações no porvir. Acreditamos ser a literatura terreno fértil da cultura, chão de criar e de projetar o homem, instrumento catalisador da conscientização e da transformação humana. / Literature assumes singular contours in the surround of the hegemonic countries. Brazil and Africa are territories marked by complex tension between genuine elements and elements imposed by colonization. Our attempt is to bring together these bordering experiences in this thesis of Comparative Literature in which we reflect on the sacred elements as a significant source to help build identity. We present a comparative reading of Mia Couto and Manuel de Barros, as examples of Brazilian and African culture. The sacred, seen as a dimension of existence, different from the profane component (although present in it), is part of the aesthetic and political project of both authors, being important to establish the identity of these cultures, as well as to project a new human being and a new way of knowing and learning in the XXI century. Either visible or disguised, the sacred is part of both the traditional and the modern culture, being present in works of literature for adults or children. Through its manifestation, both in poetry and prose, it is possible to spot similar roots and identity features in the two cultures and literatures that compose a macrosystem, in which none of them can be considered a paradigm. Portuguese language is the means with which Brazil and Mozambique strengthen and unite their experiences. It is our aim, in our critical thinking, to find, in the new ways of experiencing multiple border realities, a tangling of communities and their cultures. We would like to create bonds of solidarity capable of expanding across national borders as to reach the \"supranational\". The transcendent elements shown to the reader in the imaginary path nurture his actual living experience, making for possible changes in the future. We believe literature to be the ground on which culture thrives, empowering the human being, triggering understanding and transformation.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T14:09:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Edson Kretle dos Santos.pdf: 1122098 bytes, checksum: 2a5bb9188455f0428be49fe888dab835 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-04-26 / The purpose of this dissertation is to elucidate in what way the rational and the irrational elements frame the human notion of the sacred, according to the philosopher Rudolf Otto. Marked by XX Century s rule of reason, Otto reacts to the Enlightenment, which interprets the sacred solely as metaphysical, moral and evolutional formulations. After the Kantian critique, the knowledge path becomes an impossible way to the understanding of the sacred and of the religious phenomenon. Thus, the author recaptures the sentiment as the origin and the openness of the human search for the divine. Since the experience of the nouminous belongs to the sphere of the sentiment, it follows that it is understood, constituted and characterized by the irrational aspect, for the religious experience has the peculiarity of the mysterious. Given this argument, Otto responds to the Enlightenment Age stating that the mystery of the sacred shall never be encompassed by reason alone. On the other hand, a religion based exclusively on sentiment contributes to the emergence of various self-denominated miraculous, magical religious practices. The theological reflections of such religions tend to mix capitalist exchanges and divine promises of prosperity. Otto reveals himself as a supremely important philosopher in the analysis of many contemporary religious practices which emphasize the emotional aspect. In such religions the exclusion of reason is evident, which the author rejects as inconceivable, given the argument that the rational element is a fundamental component of religion. Hence, Otto s intention, as well as that of this dissertation, is to demonstrate that the religious experience is composed both by the irrational and the rational elements and that only when these two aspects are in a state of healthy balance it is possible to achieve a profound experience of the divine. / Pretende-se elucidar, a partir do pensador Rudolf Otto, de que maneira o elemento racional e irracional compõem a noção humana de sagrado. Otto, marcado pelo século XX, responde ao Iluminismo, que interpreta o sagrado apenas como formulações metafísicas, morais e evolutivas. Após a crítica kantiana, a via do conhecimento tornou-se um o caminho impossível para compreensão do sagrado e do fenômeno religioso. Por isso, o autor resgata o sentimento como origem e abertura do humano na busca pelo divino. A experiência do numinoso por está situada no âmbito do sentir passa a ser compreendida, constituída e caracterizada pelo atributo irracional uma vez que a vivência da religião possui peculiaridade do misterioso. Nesse sentido, então, Otto responde à Era do Esclarecimento afirmando que o mistério do sagrado jamais será abarcado pela razão. Em contrapartida, uma religião demasiadamente baseada apenas no sentimento fez com emergisse no contexto religioso contemporâneo muitas práticas religiosas mágicas e que se auto-intitulam milagrosas. Geralmente, as reflexões teológicas dessas religiões mesclam trocas capitalistas e prósperas bênçãos divinas. Otto torna-se um pensador de suma importância para analisar muitas práticas religiosas atuais, como dito acima, que enfatizam em excesso o aspecto emotivista na religião. Em tais posturas religiosas percebe-se a exclusão da racionalidade na religião, que para o autor em questão é algo inconcebível uma vez que ele atesta que o elemento racional é componente fundamental da religião. Portanto, o intuito de Otto e também dessa dissertação, é mostrar que a experiência religiosa é composta pelo elemento irracional e racional e somente quando ambos aspectos estão em sadio equilíbrio é que se faz uma profunda vivência do divino

Notre travail concerne le cinéma d'Ingmar Bergman et son esthétique. en effet, si ses œuvres dont nous en analyserons que trois (des fraises sauvage, à travers le miroir et persona) parce que nous les considérons comme représentatives, sont données comme narratives, il n'en demeure pas moins qu'elles sont mises en scène de façon très particulière.c'est pourquoi nous avons formulé l'hypothèse suivante que le cadrage choisi par bergman renvoie à sa pensée intime, pensée qui a été fortement surdéterminée voire formatée par la religion protestante. nous nous attacherons tout au long de notre thèse à démontrer sa spécificité et comment l'image de dieu et la pensée religieuse font partie intégrante de ses œuvres. / The aesthetic analysis of Ingmar Bergman’s movies requires a study of the theological and iconographic signifiers. The paradoxical effects of framing and the mobility of the filmic image tell a story of the soul and make it possible to map out an intuitive route for the individuals implied in the story. The unfolding of different points of view involve the soul and give some spiritual scope to this idiosyncratic cinema. In Bergman’s style, spirituality cannot be found within a fiction, but within a form. Style comes out from thought and from the exposure of a wandering search for “the self”. This process is enriched through the shift from dramatic narration to anti dramatic pictures and from linear plot to non figurative forms. In accordance with our active existence, Bergman prefers the figures that are shut in by the edge of the frame, the dissolved images, the empty compositions and disconnected looks: man didn’t come to the world intentionally, but was thrown into it and later forsaken on earth. The framing is a space where the characters can meet with sacred things and have a spiritual experience. A contradiction between earthly matters and heavenly ones remains the main subject within the frame.The study of the relationship between the image and the film script introduces Bergman’s cosmology: it is not the script which builds up the image but the image itself which generates an idea to be developed further.The faces are transformed in portraits, in their search for human truth and, on a wider scale, for man's commitment in Creation. In this sense, nature neither embodies material reality nor serves as a mere filmic object, but it stands out as a form of the sacred.

O trabalho investiga a atividade musical da cidade de São Paulo no período de 1765 a 1822 e verifica como a circulação da música entre as esferas profana e sagrada e o consequente processo de laicização dos espaços contribuiram para a ampliação das práticas de sociabilidade da época. A relação entre o produtor, no caso compositor ou músico, e as instituições atendidas, tais como as igrejas e as irmandades, ou os indivíduos, será abordada. Junta-se a esta relação aquela existente entre a recepção por parte do público e os diferentes meios de reprodução da música. Com esse estudo, estabelecemos o circuito musical sacro e profano no período. Evidenciam-se as atividades da Casa da Ópera no governo de D. Luís Antônio de Sousa Botelho Mourão e como elas propiciaram à cidade de São Paulo uma integração cultural às principais cidades do Brasil colonial. / This work investigates the musical activities of São Paulo city from 1765 to 1822 and verifies how the music circulation in the sacred as well as profane circles and its following process of democratization of spaces contributed for the growth of the socialization practices of the colonial society. The relationship between the producer - the composer or musician in this case, and the attended institutions such as churches, brotherhoods or even private contracts, will be discussed. Besides this relationship there is also the reception of the society during the period and the different ways of music reproduction. Studying this relationship we establish the church and profane musical circuit of the period. The activities of the house of opera during the government of D. Luís Antônio de Sousa Botelho Mourão gave to the city of São Paulo a cultural integration to the principal cities of colonial Brazil.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:48:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ismael Paula de Souza.pdf: 770071 bytes, checksum: 246c0dc2673a08e91aeb7c81181ac982 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-12-15 / Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa / The present dissertation discusses an analysis of the role of the sacred in the reorganization of the suffering, through the hospital evangelical clergy. For this, it presents a historical vision of the clergy in general, and of Hospital Evangelical Clergy in Limeira, SP, where the field research was done. Following it presents a conceptual and relational vision of the sacred and the religious symbolism with its language and its social legitimization. It analyses and judges the question of reorganization of the suffering, through the strength of the sacred as a healing instrument, establishing a relation and union among medicine, religion and health. Finally, through field researches, it proves the efficacy of the sacred and of the hospital evangelical clergy as a way of helping the sick person in the reorganization of the suffering in his/her life. It concludes that, the more the sick person gives importance and intensifies his/her religious devotion, the faster his/her recovers and finds the meaning of the suffering and of life. / A presente dissertação discorre sobre uma análise do papel do sagrado na reelaboração do sofrimento, por meio da capelania evangélica hospitalar. Para tal, apresenta uma visão histórica do trabalho da Capelania e, em geral, da Capelania Evangélica Hospitalar de Limeira, SP, local onde foi realizada a pesquisa de campo. Apresenta, também, uma visão conceitual e relacional do sagrado e do simbolismo religioso com sua linguagem e sua legitimação social. Analisa e conceitua a questão da reelaboração do sofrimento por meio da força do sagrado, como instrumento de cura, estabelecendo a relação e a união entre medicina, religião e saúde. Finalmente, por meio de pesquisa de campo, comprova a eficácia do sagrado e da capelania evangélica hospitalar como meio de auxílio ao doente na reelaboração do seu sofrimento e da sua vida. Conclui que, quanto mais o doente dá importância e intensifica sua devoção religiosa, mais rápido se recupera e encontra o sentido do sofrimento e da vida.

Submitted by admin tede (tede@pucgoias.edu.br) on 2018-04-18T18:47:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LUCIANA BEATRIZ TELES.pdf: 968140 bytes, checksum: c649145b29263e399ed2f87ef3b9d4af (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-18T18:47:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LUCIANA BEATRIZ TELES.pdf: 968140 bytes, checksum: c649145b29263e399ed2f87ef3b9d4af (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-19 / The present research aims to investigate the religious motivation behind the adhesion of the members from Goiás to the Valley of the Dawn, with special emphasis on the Templo Tarajo do Amanhecer in Terezópolis de Goiás. The hypothesis elaborated presents the identity traits of the group that revealed in the research: the search for the sacred as motivation for meaning in the individual’s life within the scenario of late modernity. In this context of fluid relationships, the quest for and the experience of the sacred fill the life of the adept with a sense of belonging to a group. The study proposed here utilized the methodology of participatory observation through bibliographic review and field research, using quantitative data as a support for qualitative research. The research demonstrates that the motivation of the Valley of the Dawn members from Goiás is based on the offer of life meaning made by the doctrine; in the unifying discourse and in the similarity of the symbols that make the Valley of the Dawn narrative complement and update the earlier religious narrative of its followers; in the sense of belonging generated by the execution of ritual works in which the member sees himself responsible for maintaining his own doctrine. / A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo investigar a motivação religiosa que gera a adesão dos membros goianos ao Vale do Amanhecer, com ênfase especial no Templo Tarajo do Amanhecer em Terezópolis de Goiás. A hipótese trabalhada apresenta os fatores identitários do grupo, revelados na pesquisa: a busca do sagrado como motivação de um sentido para a vida do indivíduo, dentro do cenário da modernidade tardia. Nesse contexto de relações fluidas, a busca e vivência do sagrado enchem a vida do adepto de pertencimento ao grupo. O estudo aqui proposto utilizou a metodologia de pesquisa de observação participante através de revisão bibliográfica e pesquisa de campo utilizando os dados quantitativos como suporte para a pesquisa qualitativa. A pesquisa demonstra que a motivação dos membros goianos do Vale do Amanhecer é fundamentada na oferta de sentido para a vida dada pela doutrina; no discurso unificador e na similaridade dos símbolos que fazem com que a narrativa do Vale do Amanhecer complemente e atualize a narrativa religiosa anterior de seus adeptos; na sensação de pertencimento gerada pela execução dos trabalhos ritualísticos nos quais onde o membro se vê como responsável pela manutenção da própria doutrina.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T14:54:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silvia Maria Carbone.pdf: 9290034 bytes, checksum: 1d06740e586db906924ebaeba33e0ed3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-06-04 / Conversations with René Girard proposes understanding of the work of Girard in all its complexity. The thesis focuses on analyzing the theory of mimetic desire, the relationship between violence and the sacred, and the need for a scapegoat. Three interwoven, united themes surround all the work of Girard, explained for the first time in the Violence and the Sacred essay considered as one of the pillars of Girardian thought. According to Girard, violence intrinsic to humanity, is the desire to control the violence that establishes the passage of the state of nature to the state of culture. The channeling of violence is vital to the existence of societies - archaic and modern. Girard shows us that the way to control violence is possible only by the institution of the sacred, that is through the atoning sacrifice of the victim. For the author, the desire is always mimetic desire : what is desired by the other subject, which raises the rivalry and consequently the violence that needs to be contained / Conversações com René Girard propõe o entendimento da obra de Girard em toda sua complexidade. A tese concentra a análise sobre a teoria do desejo mimético, a relação da violência com o sagrado e a necessidade do bode expiatório. Três temas entrelaçados, uníssonos que circundam toda a obra de Girard, explicitados pela primeira vez em A violência e o Sagrado, ensaio considerado como um dos pilares do pensamento girardiano. Para Girard, a violência é intrínseca à humanidade, é o controle do desejo de violência que estabelece a passagem do estado de natureza para o estado de cultura. A canalização da violência é vital para a existência das sociedades arcaicas e modernas. Girard nos mostra que a forma de controle da violência só é possível pela instituição do sagrado, que o faz por meio dos sacrifícios da vítima expiatória. Para o autor, o desejo é sempre mimético, desejamos aquilo que é desejado por outro sujeito, o que suscita a rivalidade e, consequentemente, a violência que precisa ser contida

A pesquisa tem como objetivos a apresentação do trabalho artístico, em suas diversas mídias; e uma discussão de questões que o circundam: procedimentos, espaços aos quais se identifica, desdobramentos da imagem fotográfica e da memória, através de autores e conceitos que se inter-relacionam. / The research has as objective the presentation of the artistic work in its different medias, and a discussion about questions which surround it: procedures, spaces which it identifies, developments of photographic and memory images, between authors and concepts which interrelate.