Thesis--Halle-Wittenberg. / Cover title. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. [5]-8).

Heidelberg, Phil. Diss. v. 25. April 1911, Ref. Hoops.

Thesis--Halle-Wittenberg. / Cover title. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. [5]-8).

Heidelberg, Phil. Diss. v. 25. April 1911, Ref. Hoops.

Magistro baigiamojo darbo objektas – vidinė įmonių komunikacija – kreipiniai ir įvardijimo žodžiai, vartojami įmonių darbuotojų. Darbo tikslas – ištirti vidinę Vilniaus ir Kauno miestų įmonių komunikaciją formalumo ir neformalumo aspektu analizuojant darbuotojų vartojamus kreipinius ir įvardijimus. Darbo problema yra ta, kad sunku rasti būdą, kaip tiriant vidinę įmonių komunikaciją nustatyti jos formalumą. Šiame darbe formaliąją ir neformaliąją vidinę įmonių komunikaciją siūloma tirti analizuojant kreipinius ir įvardijimus. Gauta informacija apie vartojamus kreipinius ir įvardijimus bei bendravimą lemiančius socialinius veiksnius, aplinką gali padėti apskritai tiriant vidinę įmonių komunikaciją, darbuotojų tarpusavio santykius ar pasitenkinimą. Darbą sudaro trys dalys. Pirmojoje dalyje analizuojama mokslinė literatūra, aptariama vidinės komunikacijos ir kreipinio bei įvardijimo žodžio sampratos taip pat distancinio ir kontaktinio mandagumo strategija, kuria ir remiamasi darbe. Plačiau aptariamas žodinis ir nežodinis bendravimas, formalioji ir neformalioji komunikacija. Analizuojami veiksniai, darantys įtaką bendravimui ir pateikiamas kreipinių skirstymas į formalius ir neformalius. Antrojoje dalyje pateikiami detalūs tyrimo rezultatai, dauguma jų iliustruojami diagramomis. Tyrimo rezultatai analizuojami remiantis pirmojoje dalyje pateikta teorine medžiaga. Trečią dalį sudaro apibendrintos išvados ir įžvalgos, kaip būtų galima panaudoti tyrimo metu gautą informaciją. Aprašoma... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The subject of this master thesis is internal corporate communication - salutations to colleagues and the naming forms used in business. The objective of the thesis is to research Vilnius and Kaunas inner corporate communication in formality and informality aspect by analyzing salutations to colleagues and the naming forms. The main problem is that it is difficult to find a way to investigate internal corporate communication and to determine its formality. In this paper, formal and informal internal corporate communication is researched by analyzing salutations to colleagues and the naming forms. All salutations and naming forms are analyzed along with the social and economic context in which communication occurs. The results of this research can help in further researches of internal communication, employee relationships and satisfaction. The paper consists of three parts. The first part analyzes the scientific literature, and discusses the conceptions of internal communication, salutation and naming words, as well as the concept of distance and contact politeness strategy. Furthermore, the differences of verbal and non-verbal communication, formal and informal communication are discussed. Finally the factors that influence the communication are evaluated. The second part presents the detailed results of the study, the majority of them are illustrated by diagrams. The results are analyzed on the basis of previously stated theoretical material. The third part summarizes... [to full text]

L’objet de cette recherche réside dans l’étude de l’interaction dans des visites familières en France et en Jordanie. Il concerne plus particulièrement l’analyse des deux séquences encadrantes de l’interaction : la séquence d’ouverture et la séquence de clôture. La méthode comparative a été adoptée afin de dégager les échanges et les actes qui composent ces séquences dans les deux pays. Cette étude a montré que la plupart des actes de langages sont attestés dans les deux corpus. Ce qui change, c’est la modalité de production et le fonctionnement des actes dans l’interaction. La formulation des actes lors de l’ouverture et de la clôture reflète les valeurs sociales et le profil socio-culturel des locuteurs français etjordaniens, tels qu’ils apparaissent dans les interactions de tous les jours. / The aim of this research is to study interaction in familiar visits in France and Jordan. It focuses particularly on the two framing sequences of interaction: the opening sequence, and the closing sequence. A comparative method was adopted to describe the exchanges and acts that make up these sequences in the two countries. The study showed that most acts are used in each corpus. The differences concern the mode of production and functioning of these acts in the interaction. Their formulation in the opening and closing sequence reflects the social values and the socio-cultural profile of French and Jordanian speakers, as they appear in everyday interaction.

This study examines opening and closing segments in instant messaging (IM) and demonstrates how openings and closings differ between oral conversation and instant messaging as well as the factors that account for the difference. Many researchers have discussed the differences and similarities between spoken and written languages. Tannen (1980) claims that spoken and written languages are not distinct categories and there is a continuum between them. She also holds that interpersonal involvement is one of the factors that determine if a particular communication is closer to spoken communication or written communication. I will analyze IM, which is best thought of as a communication mode that resides in the middle of the continuum between spoken and written language. Beißwenger (2008) studied the turn-taking of IM and argued that contributions to instant message dialogues are achieved as individual tasks rather than through interactions between participants. He holds that the nature of the individual tasks provides the most important characteristic which distinguishes IM from oral conversation. Closings in IM were studied by Raclaw (2008), who found two patterns of closing: one is an expanded archetype closing which is similar to oral conversation, and the other is a partially automated closing which is totally different from oral conversation because an automated message terminates the conversation. He did not discuss the characteristics underlying the two patterns of closing in instant messaging. I reanalyzed the argument by Raclaw utilizing a segment of instant messaging from my data, and discovered that what characterize the two patterns of closing in instant messaging are the nature of interpersonal involvement and the nature of the individual tasks. These reflect the characteristics of spoken and written communication respectively. In this study it was found that characteristics of IM communication fluctuate between spoken and written communication. Instant messaging resides in the middle of the spoken and written continuum, but whether it exhibits characteristics of spoken or written communications can vary depending on the way participants contribute to the conversation.

This research investigates the differences between how men and women greet and take leave of someone of the same sex in Saudi Arabia, a gender segregated society. Age, social status, relationship between participants, and setting were also tested to see if they have any effect on how Saudis greet and take leave of each other.A total of 237 participants: 127 males and 110 females were recorded in naturally occurring conversations. The participants were from all social classes and included three age groups: 18-30, 31-50, and over 50. Relationship between participants included close friends, relatives, acquaintances, and strangers. Data was collected in social and family gatherings, work, school, and the hospital. The data was analyzed in light of Brown and Levinson's (1987) politeness theory. Variables like formulaic expressions, length, and hyperbole were also tested.The results of the study indicate that age had a significant affect on how Saudis greet, take leave/reply to a leave-taking of someone of the same sex. Based on my corpus, social status had no significant affect on how Saudis greet/reply and take leave/reply of someone of the same sex. The relationship between participants showed a significant correlation with how Saudis greet/reply and take leave/reply of someone of the same sex. Setting had no significant affect of how Saudis greet and take leave of someone of the same sex. But it did show a significant affect of how Saudis reply to greetings and leave-takings of someone of the same sex. Gender did not on any significant affect on how Saudis greet and reply to greetings of someone of the same sex. Whereas, gender showed a significant correlation with how Saudis take leave and reply to a leave-taking.Results of the study indicate that women consistently took longer to greet and take leave of someone of their own sex, regardless of age, social status, relationship between participants, or setting. Women also used more metaphors and superlatives while greeting or taking leave of someone of their own sex. Women were found to repeat their greetings and leave-takings more than men. / Department of English

No abstract available. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2004.

Ce travail de thèse s’inscrit dans une perspective comparative et interculturelle. Sa mise en œuvre repose sur l’idée que c’est en observant ce qui se passe dans les interactions du quotidien que l’on peut mieux comprendre le rapport que les cultures entretiennent, et mettre au jour ce que les comportements observés dans chacune des cultures étudiées ont de spécifique. En s’appuyant sur l’analyse minutieuse et détaillée d’enregistrements effectués dans quatre sites commerciaux français et britanniques, l’étude tente de comprendre le comportement langagier des participants en le mettant en relation avec divers éléments du contexte (éléments relevant du micro-contexte : matériel discursif contigu aux énoncés étudiés ; du contexte situationnel : agencement du site, nombre de participants, finalité de l’interaction ; du macro-contexte : place occupée par les interactions de commerce dans les cultures en question, par les sites, valeurs culturelles d’arrière-plan). La finalité de cette étude (qui aborde les rituels d’entrée et de sortie d’interaction ; les remerciements ; la réalisation d’actes de langage directifs : questions, requêtes, offres ; les séquences conversationnelles) est d’obtenir une meilleure compréhension des profils communicatifs relatifs aux cultures française et britannique. / This thesis, which is of a contrastive and intercultural nature, is informed by the idea that it is by observing the behaviour of interactants in everyday interactions that the relationship between cultures can best be approached, and the specificity of the forms of behaviour encountered explored. Through the careful and detailed analysis of recordings taken in four different shops (French and British), the study aims to understand the linguistic behaviour of the participants by linking it to various contextual elements (micro-contextual elements: discursive material that surrounds the utterances analysed; situational elements: site layout, number of participants, interaction’s finality; macro-contextual ones: status of service encounters and of the types of shops selected, cultural values that underpin explored behaviour). The purpose of the study (which analyses opening and closing rituals; thanking; the way directive speech acts such as questions, offers and requests are performed; conversational sequences) is to provide a better understanding of the communicative styles that can be associated with French and British cultures.