Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-05T13:59:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 29 / Hewlett-Packard Brasil Ltda / A implantação e a configuração de aplicações em grades computacionais são tarefas exaustivas e sujeitas a erros, ainda representando elo fraco do ciclo de vida de aplicações desta natureza. Para lidar com o problema, este trabalho propõe AGrADC, uma arquitetura para instanciação sob demanda de aplicações em grades que incorpora características da Computação Autônoma.Esta arquitetura instrumenta o processo de desenvolvimento de aplicações para grades computacionais, oferecendo ferramentas para definir (a) um fluxo de implantação, respeitando pendências entre componentes que compõem a aplicação, (b) parâmentros de configuração e (c) ações a serem executadas diante de situações adversas tais como falhas. O resultado desse processo, materializado na forma de um conjunto de descrições, é repassado a um motor de instanciação, que passa utonomamente conduzir e gerenciar o processo de implantação e configuração / Deployment and configuration of grid computing applications are eshaustive and error-prone tasks, representing a weak link of the lifecycle of grid applications. To adress the problem, this work proposes AGrADC, an arquitecture to instantiate grid applications on demand, which incorporates features from the Autonomic Computing paradigm. This architecture improves the grid applications development process, providing tools to define (a) a deployment flow, respecting dependencies among components that comprise the application, (b) configuration paramenters and (c) actions to be executed when adverse situations like faults arise. The result of this process, materialized in the form of a set of descriptions, is delivered to an istantiation engine, which starts to autonomously conduct and manage the deployment and configuration process.

A formação de empreendimentos denominados econômicos solidários tem ganhado crescente notoriedade e importância nas sociedades latino-americanas nos últimos 30 anos. A partir da apresentação dos condicionantes socioeconômicos latino-americanos (especialmente para o Brasil e Argentina) da emergência e permanência destes empreendimentos, o presente trabalho busca indagar se este processo tem as características de um vir a ser que indica caminhos para fora do sistema capitalista. Iniciamos traçando as semelhanças e diferenças entre duas concepções de socialismo, a do marxismo autonomista com a de teóricos da economia solidária, e analisando algumas experiências históricas concretas. Posteriormente, discutimos o conceito de empreendimento econômico solidário e o que o diferencia de outras empresas, abordando de um lado as dificuldades que estes podem ter para sobreviver à competição com estas no mercado e de outro as possibilidades abertas por tentativas de imposição de critérios sociais sobre a racionalidade econômica em alguns mercados específicos. A partir desta discussão teórica e da apresentação do contexto social (formado pelas organizações e associações dos trabalhadores da economia solidária e os atores com quem eles se relacionam) onde estes empreendimentos se inserem, realizamos um estudo de múltiplos casos com quatro empreendimentos solidários (dois do Brasil e dois da Argentina). Por meio deste estudo constatamos tendências de aumento do controle dos trabalhadores sobre o processo de trabalho e sobre o significado do fruto de seu trabalho. Concluímos que os empreendimentos conseguem realizar movimentos de desalienação, porém guardam dentro de si a interação contraditória entre o processo de luta autônoma e o processo de apropriação pelo capital. Nos casos em que prevalece a primeira tendência, eles podem contribuir para pressionar as contradições da realidade e representar avanços discretos, mas não por isso pouco importantes, no processo de construção da sociedade socialista. / The formation of solidary economy enterprises has gained increasing prominence and importance in Latin American societies in the last thirty years. From the presentation of the socio-economic conditions (especially in Brazil and Argentina) for emergence and permanence of these developments, this paper seeks to ask whether this process has the characteristics of a coming to be that indicates ways out of the capitalist system. We begin by tracing the similarities and differences between two conceptions of socialism, that of autonomist Marxism and that of some solidary economy theorists, and the we analyze some concrete historical experiences. Later, we discuss the concept of solidary economic enterprises and how it differs from other companies, focusing, on one hand, on the difficulties they may have to survive the competition in the market, and, on the other hand, the possibilities opened up by attempts to impose social criteria over economic rationality in some specific markets. From this theoretical discussion and from the presentation of the social context (formed by organizations and associations of workers in solidary economy and the actors with whom they are related) where these projects are inserted, we conduct a multiple cases study with four solidary economy enterprises (two from Brasil and two from Argentina). Through this study, we found trends of increasing workers\' control over the labor process and over the meaning of the product of their labor. We then conclude that these enterprises carry out \"movement of disalienation,\" but hold within them, the interaction between the contradictory process of autonomous struggle and the process of appropriation by capital. Where the first tendency prevails, thes enterprises may contribute to pressure the contradictions of reality and represent progress, although this may be a mild progress, it is yet significant in the process of building a socialist society.

O uso de medicamentos representa um dos recursos terapêuticos mais utilizados na resolução de grande parte dos problemas e situações em saúde. Nesse contexto, o interesse na forma como os pacientes gerem suas doenças e tratamentos farmacológicos tem crescido em importância. Esta tese objetivou compreender as dimensões da autogestão do uso de medicamentos e variáveis associadas na população brasileira. Para isso, foram analisados três comportamentos relacionados ao uso de medicamentos: a automedicação, a não-adesão intencional e as alterações das doses prescritas. Os dados analisados são provenientes da Pesquisa Nacional sobre Acesso, Utilização e Promoção do Uso Racional de Medicamentos no Brasil (PNAUM), estudo transversal realizado entre os meses de setembro de 2013 e janeiro de 2014 em 245 municípios brasileiros distribuídos nas cinco regiões geográficas do país. A população do estudo foram os indivíduos residentes em domicílios permanentes na zona urbana do território brasileiro. Nesta tese, foram analisados os dados de 31.573 indivíduos com idade igual ou superior a 20 anos. Modelos de Regressão de Poisson com ajuste robusto da variância foram utilizados a fim de estimar o efeito independente de cada variável nos três comportamentos estudados. Entre os entrevistados, 73,6% declararam utilizar algum medicamento sem indicação médica quando já fizeram uso do mesmo produto anteriormente, 73,8% declararam utilizar medicamentos sem prescrição médica quando já tem o medicamento em casa e 35,5% declararam utilizar algum medicamento sem prescrição quando conhecem alguém que já tomou o mesmo medicamento. As variáveis que se mostraram associadas à maior probabilidade de uso de medicamentos por automedicação foram: região geográfica do Brasil, sexo, faixa etária, renda per capita, auto avaliação da saúde, declaração de que usa medicamento sem prescrição médica quando já usou o mesmo medicamento anteriormente e declaração de que usa medicamento sem prescrição médica quando já tem o medicamento em casa. Mais da metade dos entrevistados relataram alguma situação de automedicação, enquanto que 38% relataram deixar intencionalmente de tomar medicamentos prescritos em alguma situação. Com relação às alterações nas prescrições, 8,8% dos entrevistados relataram amentar a dose dos medicamentos em alguma situação e mais de 21% relataram diminuir a dose. Nos modelos de regressão ajustados, as variáveis sexo, idade e autoavaliação de saúde mostraram-se associadas à não-adesão intencional. As alterações de dose aparecem associadas à idade, renda e autoavaliação de saúde. Os resultados indicam, portanto, que um percentual significativo da população brasileira utiliza medicamentos não exclusivamente da forma como são prescritos pelo médico. Buscando contemplar esses diferentes comportamentos cotidianos dos indivíduos em relação aos medicamentos, a presente tese propôs o conceito de “autogestão do uso de medicamentos”. Esse conceito visa ampliar a compreensão do uso de medicamentos para além da adesão às prescrições médicas como já indicado no conceito de medication self-management e de compliance. A partir dessa perspectiva, destaca-se a necessidade de adoção de outros paradigmas nos cuidados em saúde, como o dos cuidados colaborativos e da corporalidade (lived body), onde o próprio indivíduo, com a colaboração dos profissionais da saúde, tome as decisões sobre as estratégias mais adequadas de tratamento e promoção da saúde. / The use of medications represents one of the most utilized therapeutic resources to the resolution of most health problems and situations. In this context, the interest in how patients manage their diseases and pharmacological treatment has increased. This thesis had as main objective to comprehend the self-management of medications use and related variables on the Brazilian population. Three behaviors related to the use of medications were analyzed: self-medication, intentional non-adherence and prescribed doses changes. Analyzed data are part of the “Pesquisa Nacional sobre Acesso, Utilização e Promoção do Uso Racional de Medicamentos no Brasil (PNAUM)”, a cross-sectional study performed between September 2013 and January 2014 in 245 Brazilian cities in the five geographic regions. Study population were individuals living permanently in the urban area of Brazil. In this thesis, data from 31.573 individuals aged 20 years or above were analyzed. Poisson Regression Models with robust variance adjustment were used to estimate independent effect of each variable on the three studied behaviors. Among the interviewed, 73.6% have declared the use of any medication without medical prescription when they have used the same product previously, 73.8% have declared the use of not prescribed drugs when the medication is available at home and, 35.5% have declared to use any drug without medical prescription when someone they know have used the same medication. Variables related to higher probability of drug use by self-medication were: geographic region, gender, age, per capita income, health self-evaluation, the use without medical prescription of the same drug used before and the use without medical prescription when the drug is available at home declarations. More than half of the interviewed reported any situation of self-medication while 38% reported to, intentionally, stop taking prescribed medications in any situation. Regarding prescription alterations, 8.8% of the interviewed reported to increase the medication dose in any situation and more than 21% reported to decrease medication dose. On the adjusted regression models variables as gender, age and health self-evaluation showed to be related to intentional nonadherence. Dose changes are related to age, income and health self-evaluation. Therefore, results show that a significant percentage of the Brazilian population uses medications not exclusively as they are prescribed by the physician. Seeking to address these different daily behaviors of individuals regarding medications, this thesis has proposed the concept of “self-management of medications use”. This concept aims to amplify the comprehension of medications use beyond medical prescriptions adherence as already indicated in the concept of medication self-management and compliance. From this perspective stands out the need of other paradigms introduction on health care, such as collaborative care and lived body, in which the individual himself, with health professionals’ collaboration, take the decisions about the most adequate treatment strategies and health promotion.

O presente trabalho insere-se no campo interdisciplinar que abrange os domínios da pedagogia e das ciências políticas. O objetivo geral é avaliar o vínculo existente entre uma instituição escolar e um projeto de resistência política. Trata-se do Liceu Autogerido de Paris, instituição escolhida por ser uma escola que apresenta uma proposta radicalmente distinta com relação às outras escolas da rede de ensino da qual faz parte e por conter nessa proposta elementos que podem contribuir para um projeto de emancipação. O estudo apoiou-se em uma pesquisa de campo que buscou mapear esses elementos no cotidiano da instituição. Em seguida, os dados coletados foram confrontados com a pesquisa bibliográfica realizada, que abordou três grupos de autores: no primeiro estão aqueles que auxiliaram a estabelecer um conceito de resistência; no segundo, autores implicados na crítica ao sistema de ensino capitalista; e, por último, autores que discutiram outras experiências que relacionam escola e resistência. Entre os resultados desta pesquisa, está a exposição de uma série de reflexões com relação às práticas escolares e de resistência, destacando-se o papel que possuem no questionamento da forma que o sistemas de ensino assumem hoje / The present work is a part of the interdisciplinary field that covers the domains of pedagogy and political sciences. The overall objective is to evaluate the link between an educational institution and a project of political resistance. We have chosen the Self-managed High School of Paris since this institution presents a radically different proposal relative to other schools of the school system to which it belongs and for containing within this proposal elements which might contribute to an emancipatory project. The study was developed through a field research, which mapped these elements in the institution\'s daily life. Then the collected data was compared with the literature survey, which addressed three groups of authors: the first are those who helped to establish a concept of resistance; in the second, authors involved in the critique of capitalist education system; and, finally, authors who discussed other experiences that relate school and resistance. Among the results of this research, it is the exhibition of a series of reflections regarding school practices and resistance, highlighting the role they have in questioning the way the education systems take today

本論文重新探討自我調節的情緒管理(self regulation of emotion regulation)並提出個人能夠因應自己的實際情緒 (actual affect) 而把其反饋和調節至接近理想的情緒 (ideal affect)上。 / 為了解自我調節的情緒管理所涉及的過程以及其影響，我隨機安排94位香港的女大學生處於緊張(高激發負面/ high arousal negative)或者悶氣(低激發負面/low arousal negative)的情景當中，隨後邀請她們選擇高激發正面(high arousal positive) 或者低激發正面(low arousal positive)的產品，以及試玩她們所選擇的電子遊戲來調節管理之前受影響的情緒。結果顯示：參加者比較偏向選擇低激發正面的產品。同時，參加者完成任何一種電子遊戲也降低了之前所受的負面情緒。曾處於緊張情景的參加者在玩後增加冷靜；而曾處於悶氣情景的參加者在玩後則減少冷靜。是次研究的結果支持上面提出的說法，即是：當人自我調節和管理情緒時，人能夠縮短實際情緒和理想情緒之間的差距從而管理負面的情緒。 / This study reviewed the literature in self regulation of emotion and suggested that individuals would modulate negative actual affect to turn it into positive ideal affect. To examine emotion regulatory mechanisms and outcomes, 94 Hong Kong female Chinese undergraduates were randomly assigned to either nervousness (high arousal negative) or boredom (low arousal negative) conditions. Next, they selected either high arousal positive (HAP) or low arousal positive (LAP) products in decision making tasks. Based on their selection, they then played HAP or LAP video game to perform emotion regulatory tasks. Although participants chose LAP over HAP products, participants decreased induced negative affect after playing the selected video game. Also, participants from the nervousness condition increased low arousal positive affect in calmness and those from boredom condition decreased it. Current findings suggested that individuals minimized the discrepancy between actual and ideal affect to regulate negative emotions. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Ho, Yuen Wan. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2012. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 37-41). / Abstracts also in Chinese. / Acknowledgement --- p.i / Abstract (English) --- p.ii / Abstract (Chinese) --- p.iii / Table of Contents --- p.iv / List of Tables --- p.vi / Chapter Chapter 1 --- : Introduction --- p.1 / Emotion Regulation: A Consensual Process Model --- p.1 / Emotion in Self Regulation and Self Regulation of Emotion --- p.3 / Emotion Regulation: Processes of Interaction between Actual and Ideal Affect --- p.4 / My Present Study --- p.9 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- : Method --- p.13 / Participants --- p.13 / Materials --- p.13 / Affect Induction Tasks --- p.13 / Product Decision Making Tasks --- p.14 / Product Testing Tasks --- p.15 / Measures and Procedures --- p.16 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- : Results --- p.22 / Actual and Ideal Affect before affect induction tasks --- p.22 / Manipulation of Nervousness and Boredom --- p.22 / Individual Product and Activity Preferences in Product Decision Making Tasks --- p.25 / Actual Affect in and after Product Testing Tasks --- p.26 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- : Discussion --- p.31 / References --- p.37 / Appendix --- p.42 / Chapter I --- Consumer Preferences Questionnaire --- p.42 / Chapter II --- Game Evaluation Questionnaire --- p.43 / Chapter III --- Suspicion Questionnaire --- p.44

Background: Diabetes mellitus type 2 is a chronic disease which increased in many countries and is rated as a threat to the public health. In order to be able to handle the disease and prevent severe complications or even death, the person affected with diabetes mellitus type 2 should gather knowledge about the disease and take on great responsibility for proper treatment. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe persons' experience of living with diabetes mellitus type 2. Method: The method used was a literature study based on qualitative research. The articles were analysed according to Friberg (2017) five step model and resulted in three themes and eight subthemes. Results: The themes were The importance of culture, Self-management and Participation in care. The theme The importance of culture described how religion and culture could affect the persons' choice of food and the ways they managed their disease under religious celebrations such as Ramadan. The theme Self-management described the obstacles they could face with their disease, such as medication and how they could manage to control it. The theme Participation in care described different obstacles in health care such as language, culture and lack of insight into the disease. Conclusion: One of the most important parts in self-managing diabetes mellitus type 2 was that the persons should realize they suffered from a chronic disease and that they had to change their lifestyles in order to prevent complications related to the disease. / Diabetes mellitus typ 2 har ökat under de senaste decennium att sjukdomen ses som en epidemi. Sjuksköterskan möter svårigheter i att finna motivation till livsstilsförändringar hos personer som har sjukdomen. Som sjuksköterska är en betydelsefull del i vårdandet av personen med diabetes mellitus typ 2 att ta del av personens resurser för att finna personens förmåga till att sköta sin sjukdom. För personen med sjukdomen är det av stor vikt att inse att diabetes mellitus typ 2 är en kronisk och progressiv sjukdom som kräver åtgärder och skötsel, då komplikationerna till sjukdomen kan vara allvarliga och i värsta fall leda till döden. I en globaliserad värld är det angeläget för sjuksköterskan att ha förståelse för hur kultur och religion spelar in i vissa personers liv och hur det kan påverka synen på sjukdom, egenvård och läkemedel. Den förståelsen kan förbättras genom att sjuksköterskan får en bredare kompetens inom kultur och religion samt hur dessa två faktorer påverkar samhällslivet. Sjuksköterskan ska också ha ett öppet förhållningssätt gentemot personer med en annan religiös åskådning och med andra socioekonomiska förutsättningar än den som sjuksköterskan själv har.

Introdução. O automanejo em saúde pode ser entendido como a habilidade da pessoa em conseguir resolver problemas e ser a protagonista, nas tomadas de decisão relacionadas à sua vida e à sua saúde. Este conceito tem sido associado com resultados positivos, tanto para o indivíduo como para as instituições de saúde. A escala Partners in Health (PIH) avalia o automanejo em saúde por meio do engajamento da pessoa com doença crônica na execução de ações que protegem e promovem a saúde. Objetivos. Este estudo metodológico teve como objetivos adaptar culturalmente a PIH e avaliar as propriedades psicométricas da versão adaptada em uma amostra de indivíduos adultos com doenças crônicas. Método. O estudo foi aprovado pelos Comitês de Ética das instituições envolvidas. O processo de adaptação cultural ocorreu como segue: tradução do instrumento original, avaliação e síntese das traduções pelo Comitê de Juízes, retrotradução, avaliação semântica dos itens, avaliação pelo autor do instrumento original, pré-teste e avaliação psicométrica. Os dados foram coletados entre janeiro e maio de 2016, em seis ambulatórios (nefrologia, gastroenterologia, cardiologia, imunologia, endocrinologia e oncologia) do Hospital de Clínicas de Ribeirão Preto. Participaram do estudo 176 indivíduos adultos de ambos os sexos, com diagnóstico de doenças crônicas há, pelo menos, seis meses e que estavam em acompanhamento clínico regular em um dos ambulatórios referidos. A PIH é respondida em uma escala ordinal com nove pontos, na qual menores valores indicam melhor automanejo, em um intervalo possível de zero a 96 pontos. A validade de constructo da PIH foi avaliada pelas correlações entre a medida de automanejo com as medidas de autoestima (Escala de Auto-Estima de Rosenberg), ansiedade e depressão (Escala Hospitalar de Ansiedade e Depressão- HADS). A confiabilidade foi avaliada pela consistência interna (alfa de Cronbach). O nível de significância adotado foi de 0,05. Resultados. A média de idade dos participantes foi 54,1 anos (DP=15,1, variação 21-87) e 51,6% eram do sexo feminino. O tempo médio de ensino formal relatado foi de 7 (DP=4,80, variação 0-21) anos. Eles apresentaram diversificadas doenças crônicas, e 80,3% tinham mais de dois anos de diagnóstico. O escore médio da PIH foi de 24,5 (DP=15,1). Em 75% dos itens, foi verificada a presença de efeito chão (itens 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 e 12). O alfa de Cronbach foi de 0,78. A correlação entre as medidas de automanejo e autoestima apresentou valor negativo e de moderada intensidade (r = - 0,344; p < 0,001). As correlações entre as medidas de automanejo e sintomas de ansiedade (r = 0,360; p<0,001) e sintomas de depressão (r = 0,363; p < 0,001) apresentaram valores positivos e de moderadas intensidades. As propriedades psicométricas da versão adaptada da PIH foram consideradas adequadas. Conclusão. A versão brasileira da PIH apresentou propriedades psicométricas aceitáveis para medir o automanejo da saúde, entre os participantes do estudo. A versão adaptada da PIH deverá ser testada em outros grupos de indivíduos com doenças crônicas, com diferentes características sociodemográficas / Introduction. Self-management in healthcare can be understood as people\'s skill to manage to solve problems and play the leading role in making decisions related to their life and health. This concept has been associated with positive results both to the individual and to healthcare institutions. The Partners in Health (PIH) scale assesses self-management in health by means of the engagement of a person with a chronic disease in the execution of actions that protect and promote health. Aim. The objectives of this methodological study were to culturally adapt the PIH and to assess the psychometric properties of the adapted version in a sample of adult individuals with chronic diseases. Method. The study was approved by the ethics committees of the institutions involved. The process of cultural adaptation took place as follows: translation of the original instrument, evaluation and synthesis of the translations by a board of experts, back-translation, semantic evaluation of the items, evaluation by the author of the original instrument, pre-test, and psychometric evaluation. Data were collected between January and May 2016, in six outpatient clinics (nephrology, gastroenterology, cardiology, immunology, endocrinology and oncology) of the Clinics Hospital at the University of São Paulo - Ribeirão Preto/SP. Study participants were 176 adults, both male and female, with a diagnosis of chronic disease for at least six months, and who were undergoing regular follow-up at one of the aforementioned clinics. The PIH is answered in an ordinal scale with nine points, in which lower values indicate better self-management, in a possible range from 0 to 96 points. The construct validity of the PIH was assessed by correlations between the measures of self management and self-esteem (Rosenberg\'s Self-Esteem Scale), and anxiety and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale - HADS). Reliability was assessed by internal consistency (Cronbach\'s alpha). Significance was set at 0.05. Results. Mean age of the participants was 54.1 years (SD=15.1, variation 21-87) and 51.6% were women. The mean length of formal education reported was 7.08 years (SD=4.80, variation 0-21). Participants presented varied chronic diseases and 80.3% had been diagnosed for more than two years. The mean self-management score of the PIH was 24.5 (SD=15.1). Floor effect was found in 75% of the items (items 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12). Internal consistency was ?= 0.78. The correlation between the measures of self-management and self-esteem presented a negative value and moderate intensity (r = - 0.344; p < 0.001). The correlation between the measures of self management and anxiety (r = 0.360; p<0.001) and depression symptoms (r = 0.363; p < 0.001) presented positive values and moderate intensity. The psychometric properties of the adapted version of the PIH were considered adequate. Conclusion. The Brazilian version of the PIH was considered adequate and its psychometric properties acceptable to measure the self management of the study participants. The adapted version of the PIH must be tested in other groups of individuals with chronic diseases, with different sociodemographic characteristics

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:19:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2009 - Geanderson Lucio de Souza Silva.pdf: 1898112 bytes, checksum: f7e107a578ccc9b57a1ff38f803408fe (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-05-21 / In the economical worldwide actual context, marked by the advance of unemployment and social exclusion, the search for alternatives have become necessary and the solidary economic unfold as a possibility, even restricted, to stand up to unemployment and social exclusion, through the dissemination of values as the democracy, cooperation and solidary relations among workers, organized in co-operatives or self-management enterprises. The actual work favors the discussion about the characteristics of self-management organizations and the difference between the theory and the socials practices. This discussion is fundamental for the Solidary Economic therefore meaning of the notice of ideas and projects that provide solutions for reduction of unemployment problematic. By means of a case study, at a chemical enterprise of self-management, where eleven dimensions were studied: authority, norms, social control, social relations, recruitment and promotion, incentive structure, social stratification, differentiation, education, social performance and communication, the main objective is to collect information regarding the self-management social practices to the light of the theory and obtaining as result a new model characteristic for the self-management organizations. / No atual contexto econ?mico mundial, marcado pelo avan?o do desemprego e exclus?o social, a busca por alternativas tem se tornada necess?ria e a economia solid?ria desponta como uma possibilidade, mesmo que restrita, para o enfrentamento do desemprego e exclus?o social, atrav?s da dissemina??o de valores como a democracia, coopera??o e rela??es solid?rias entre trabalhadores, organizados em cooperativas ou empresas autogestion?rias. O presente trabalho privilegia a discuss?o sobre as caracter?sticas das organiza??es autogestion?rias e a diferen?a entre a teoria e as pr?ticas sociais. Essa discuss?o ? fundamental para a Economia Solid?ria, pois trata do apontamento de id?ias e projetos que proporcionam solu??es para a redu??o da problem?tica do desemprego. Por meio de um estudo de caso, em uma empresa qu?mica de autogest?o, onde onze dimens?es foram estudadas: autoridade, normas, controle social, rela??es sociais, recrutamento e promo??o, estrutura de incentivos, estratifica??o social, diferencia??o, educa??o, atua??o social e comunica??o, o objetivo principal de levantar informa??es a respeito das pr?ticas sociais autogestion?rias ? luz da teoria e obtendo como resultado um novo modelo caracter?stico para as organiza??es autogestion?rias.

Esta dissertação analisa um movimento de cooperativas habitacionais, iniciado na década de 1990, no município de Bento Gonçalves, região Nordeste do Rio Grande do Sul. Esse movimento não contou com o acesso aos atuais programas de financiamento voltados para a autogestão, forjando formas próprias de produção de moradias, dentre elas a formação de uma rede de cooperação. Traçar o histórico deste processo, bem como compreender as motivações que impulsionaram seus atores, as formas pelas quais foram articuladas e organizadas as cooperativas, os meios de obtenção de recursos financeiros para viabilizar as obras e a sua relação com as diferentes instâncias e agentes governamentais, são algumas das questões centrais que a pesquisa procurou responder. Contudo, implícita a estes tópicos e em cada indagação proposta encontra-se o questionamento sobre as possibilidades reais destas experiências em gerar novas formas de morar, contribuindo para a transformação do ideal de moradia para além da mercadoria. Assim, apesar do enfoque pontual, nossa problemática se pretende mais ampla, isto é, articulando-se ao arcabouço de experiências de produção habitacional que vem sendo colocadas em prática no contexto brasileiro alternativas ao modelo mercantil. / This dissertation analyzes a movement of housing cooperatives, which began in the 1990s in the city of Bento Gonçalves, northeastern Rio Grande do Sul region. This movement not had access to current financing programs for self-management, forging forms of production houses, among them the formation of a network of cooperation. Tracing the history of this process and understand the motivations that drove his actors, the ways in which cooperatives were articulated and organized, the means of obtaining financial resources to enable the work and its relationship with the various departments and government agencies, are some of the core issues that the research sought to answer. However, implicit in these topics and question each proposal lies the question about the real possibilities of these experiments to generate new forms of living, contributing to the transformation of the ideal dwelling beyond the merchandise. Thus, despite the timely focus, our problem is to be broader, that is, articulating the framework for housing production experience that has been put in place in the Brazilian context alternatives to the trading model.

Purpose: The systematic review explored whether self-management interventions improve patient activation in long-term conditions, and if any improvements are greater than the amount of change experienced by patients in usual care or active control conditions. It also aimed to determine if positive effects on activation are maintained at follow-up. The empirical study sought to explore relationships between patient activation, psychological factors (depression and valued living), perceived clinician empathy, perceived symptom severity, self-management and demographic variables. It also examined whether depression, valued living and perceived clinician empathy are unique predictors of activation, and if activation is a unique predictor of self-management for MS, when relevant confounding variables are controlled for. Methods: For the systematic review, a comprehensive search of multiple electronic databases was conducted to identify intervention research reporting on patient activation outcomes, as measured by the short-form Patient Activation Measure (PAM-13), in people with long-term conditions. For the empirical study, a cross-sectional survey of 118 people with MS explored patient activation, MS symptom severity, valued living, depression, perceived clinician empathy, self-management for MS and demographic factors. Correlation and hierarchical regression analyses were employed to explore relationships between variables. Results: Twenty-five studies were eligible for inclusion in the systematic review, reporting a wide range of long-term conditions. Twenty-one studies (10 RCTs; 1 non-randomised study; and 10 uncontrolled studies) found an improvement in patient activation at post-intervention. Nine studies reported a significantly greater improvement in activation in self-management conditions compared with usual care or an active control at post-intervention. In six out of eight studies, gains in patient activation were maintained in the intervention group at follow-up. However, in four of these six studies, patient activation in the control group also improved over time. Findings from the empirical study suggested that only valued living was a significant predictor of patient activation after controlling for demographic variables and MS symptom severity. Neither depression nor perceived clinician empathy significantly predicted activation. After controlling for valued living, depression and perceived clinician empathy, patient activation independently predicted 5.5% of variance in self-management for MS. Both activation and perceived clinician empathy were significant predictors of self-management for MS. Conclusions: Self-management interventions improve patient activation in long-term conditions compared with usual care or active control. Patient activation gains appear to be maintained longer-term; however, the impact of self-management interventions on activation is unclear due to increases in activation in control groups over time. Valued living is associated with patient activation in MS, while patient activation and perceived clinician empathy are associated with MS self-management. Self-management interventions targeting valued living and the patient-clinician relationship may be effective for addressing low levels of activation in some patients with MS.