Thesis (M.A.)--Miami University, Dept. of Communication, 2009. / Title from first page of PDF document. Includes bibliographical references (p. 67-77).

My study has questioned recognized factors of news valuation in the context of Costa Rican newspapers, with the aim at getting greater understanding in how news are valued in Costa Rican newspapers and what factors contribute to making an event the main article of an issue. My research therefore is a snapshot at how the news valuation process is conducted in Costa Rica at the moment. I furthermore went on to do a quantitative content analysis containing five theories of factors of news valuation, that I have theorised myself as a result of my research containing recognized factors of news valuation.   The data has been selected through a random selection process, and then collected via the national library in San José, Costa Rica. I then went on to carry through a quantitative content analysis, containing 46 variables from recognized factors of news valuation and an additional five variables from my own theories, on the selected samples.   The variables in my analysis to a great extent tried questioning the theories of Judy McGregor, Henk Prakke, Håkan Hvitfelt and Galtung and Ruge.   The results show that some of the theories created by mentioned scholar do apply in the news valuation process in Costa Rican newspapers. It furthermore show that some factors, mentioned by the same scholar, to have great impact in the news valuation process does not at all impact the news value of an event in Costa Rican newspapers. This study shows that there is cultural and geographical differences in how events are valued as newsworthy or not, and that the factors that are acknowledged as determining of news value in one region or country, may in fact not at all apply in another part of the world.   The results of my own theories show that there are differences in what factors that affect the news valuation process. My theories state that there are other factors that affect news values and that there can be opposing factors depending on in what country/region/journalistic area the news are valued.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T12:30:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Elizeu Correa Lira2.pdf: 1025626 bytes, checksum: ddde073afd3d45d5b787b814102a8044 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-04-07 / This dissertation presents a study on print newspapers, with a focus on daily newspapers, and the scope is limited to the tabloid Super Notícia, of Belo Horizonte (MG). This particular publication was chosen because, in terms of sales and advertising, it constitutes a publishing phenomenon within the class of popular and folksy tabloids, with its pages bringing from police news to cake recipes. In the analysis of a journalistic object, it is necessary to verify how the items are communicated in the pages of such a publication. In order to achieve this, our analysis seeks first to show the relationship which exists among the several journalistic genres and, subsequently, to classify the present object of study. The methodology used in this study focuses on the definitions of journalism, news item, journalistic report, and tabloid journalism, and includes also field research with in loco visits to the editorial offices and interviews with the editors of the tabloid. As for the method of work, the qualitative research follows the critical-theoretical model. Morphological and content analyses of the corpus were conducted in order to identify, characterize and classify the object of study. From the journalistic point of view, the study leans on the contributions of Marques de Melo and other authors who have helped to build theories on journalism. With regard to the object of study, the conclusions obtained within the research point to a new conception about the present-day tabloid journalism. . / Esta dissertação apresenta um estudo do jornal impresso, com foco no jornal diário, delimitado no tabloide Super Notícia , de Belo Horizonte (MG). A escolha de tal impresso se deu por ser ele um fenômeno editorial de vendas e de publicidade, dentro dos estilos reconhecidos como popular e popularesco, com páginas diárias contendo desde notícia policial até receita de bolo. Ao analisar um objeto jornalístico é necessário verificar de que modo as matérias são veiculadas nas páginas desse impresso. Para tanto, nossa análise busca mostrar as relações entre os gêneros jornalísticos para então classificar o objeto de estudo. A metodologia privilegia a conceituação de jornalismo, notícia, reportagem e jornalismo sensacionalista e contempla também a pesquisa de campo, com visitas in loco na redação do periódico e entrevista com seus agentes. Quanto ao método de trabalho, a pesquisa qualitativa segue o modelo teórico-crítico. Foram feitas análises morfológica e de conteúdo do corpus, para identificar, caracterizar e classificar o objeto estudado. Do ponto de vista jornalístico, os aportes teóricos estão ancorados em Marques de Melo e outros autores que construíram teoria sobre Jornalismo. No que concerne ao objeto de estudo, no segmento tabloide os resultados apontam para uma nova visão do jornalismo atual.

Rotular que este ou aquele meio é sensacionalista apenas porque se dedica à exploração da violência, com generosa medida de crimes, sexo e miséria humana e afirmar que essa prática atrai amplas audiências nas camadas populares impõe certa obviedade e uma constatação que se encerra em si mesma. Este trabalho é fruto dessa inquietação. Busca-se aqui ir além de observações reducionistas sobre o sensacionalismo, a partir de três movimentos intersecionados: a inserção desse formato na teoria do jornalismo, a partir dos estudos sobre enquadramento; a relação desse frame com as representações sociais sobre pobreza e violência; e a avaliação desse quadro sensacionalista à luz da ética jornalística. Seu objetivo central é discutir o sensacionalismo como prática jornalística corrente. Há um esforço em discutir jornalismo, acontecimento e cotidiano e de fazer uma revisão sobre o processo histórico do sensacionalismo na imprensa. Como objeto foi escolhido o Jornal Cinform, periódico semanal que circula em Aracaju/SE. Foi investigada a manchete principal desse jornal identificada como sensacionalista e a reportagem dela decorrente entre os anos de 2008 a 2012. Utilizando-se da análise de conteúdo e das entrevistas com repórteres e com o diretor de jornalismo do jornal, chegamos à conclusão de que o sensacionalismo pode se constitui um enquadramento, articulado entre repórteres e empresa e que é aplicado em determinados acontecimentos com carga dramática latente de violência, transformando-os em relatos de barbárie. Esse modo interpretativo e saliente da realidade, através da prática sensacionalista, acaba reafirmando representações sociais que criminalizam a pobreza. Nessas condições, sob a luz da ética jornalística, esse enquadramento se torna um flagrante desvio de conduta profissional, mas que diante da naturalização do quadro, alguns pressupostos éticos ficaram relativizados. Ao enfrentar a análise do sensacionalismo a partir de três claros movimentos: enquadramento, representação social e ética apresentamos contribuições de que o enquadramento sensacionalista é resultado de um processo articulados de categorias que se entrecruzam com as representações sociais. Além dessas constatações, salientamos que esse processo não é neutro e isento e à luz da ética jornalística impõe uma conduta ética reprovável. Ao final, esperamos ter sinalizado outras questões que ajudam a melhor compreender o cotidiano no jornalismo.

La convergencia tradicional al contexto digital en los años noventa produjo que técnicas informativas como el sensacionalismo se trasladen a un ámbito moderno o ecosistema digital y puedan disponer de nuevas herramientas para extender su estructura de desinformación. En esa extensión, se aproxima el clickbait como un recurso importante y protagonista, que se define como un anzuelo de atención para el público, quien al leer un titular llamativo ingresa a la noticia difundida y se da con la sorpresa que el desglose resulta no ser tan relevante, en consecuencia, el titular termina siendo una exageración o una mentira. A lo largo de los capítulos observaremos cómo desde la evolución del periodismo al contexto moderno, el protagonismo del fútbol en los medios de comunicación y el sensacionalismo relacionado al clickbait han generado un nuevo lenguaje desinformativo, el cual se va asentando cada vez más en una normalización que podría estar generando una especie de estrategia supuestamente válida para diversos medios de comunicación escritos. Por supuesto, el balompié no termina de perder importancia y a raíz de un contexto nacional, donde es una disciplina que influye en aspectos económicos, sociales y antropológicos, su estudio es más que relevante. En la presente investigación, analizamos a profundidad cómo se utiliza el clickbait en Depor.com para informar sobre el probable traspaso de Paolo Guerrero a Boca Juniors entre 2019 y 2020. / The traditional convergence to the digital context in the 1990s produced that informational techniques such as sensationalism were transferred to a modern environment or digital ecosystem and could have new tools to extend their disinformation structure. In this extension, clickbait is approaching as an important resource and protagonist, which is defined as a hook of attention for the public, who when reading a striking headline enters the news broadcast and is surprised that the resulting breakdown is not So relevant, consequently, the headline ends up being an exaggeration or a lie. Throughout the chapters we will observe how, from the evolution of journalism to the modern context, the prominence of football in the media and the sensationalism related to clickbait have generated a new disinformative language, which is increasingly settling into a normalization that could be generating a kind of strategy that is supossed to valid for various written media. Of course, football does not end up losing importance and as a result of a national context, where it is a discipline that influences economic, social and anthropological aspects, the study is more than relevant. In this research, we analyze in depth how clickbait is used on Depor.com to inform about the probable transfer of Paolo Guerrero to Boca Juniors between 2019 and 2020. / Tesis

En 2004, Michael Burawoy, alors président de l’Association américaine de sociologie (ASA), faisait un plaidoyer pour une sociologie « publique ». Ses considérations portaient sur l’orientation de la pratique de la discipline. Il avançait que le domaine devait réengager un dialogue avec des préoccupations plus proches d’un public « non-sociologue ». Dans ce mémoire, je propose des pistes de réflexion sur ces préoccupations en me penchant sur la pratique journalistique à travers deux genres : le fait divers et le feuilleton. Je mets en parallèle les deux genres en les approfondissant et en analysant leur traitement respectif de certains procès. C’est sur ce thème que je souligne leurs apports possibles pour une sociologie « en dehors de la sociologie ». Le fait divers, genre largement lu dans les journaux d’aujourd’hui, porte son attention sur l’environnement proche de ses lecteurs et sur des événements prenant naissance dans leur quotidien, mais qui ont pris des tangentes hors de l’ordinaire. Alors qu’on peut le qualifier de sensationnaliste et de genre exploitant la peur, il démontre cependant un intérêt pour des événements ordinaires pouvant apporter de nouveaux thèmes à la sociologie. Le feuilleton, un genre journalistique allemand foisonnant des années 1920-1930 et plus précisément le type qu’écrit Siegfried Kracauer, s’intéresse à de « petits faits » du monde urbain et assemble ses observations sous la forme d’une mosaïque. Le feuilleton tente de révéler l’implication de ses lecteurs dans les phénomènes qu’il observe, produisant un effet réflexif à sa lecture qui apporte une dimension possible à l’écriture sociologique. Suite à l’analyse d’exemples des deux genres, je propose trois pistes de réflexion pouvant répondre aux préoccupations de Burawoy : 1) la sociologie peut avoir un aspect « sensationnel », 2) la sociologie peut s’inspirer davantage du quotidien, 3) la sociologie peut prendre exemple sur une écriture journalistique. C’est en tentant de générer un effet par la lecture, à s’investir dans une forme d’écriture stimulant la réflexivité et à adopter une posture qui tienne compte de la contingence et du point de vue de l’auteur dans l’interprétation que le journalisme peut apporter des éléments d’orientation de la pratique sociologique afin de permettre à celle-ci de s’ouvrir à un plus large public. / In 2004, Michael Burawoy, then president of the American Sociological Association (ASA), made a plea for a “public sociology”. His considerations focused on the direction of the discipline's practice. His concerns were for a re-engagement in a dialogue with concerns closer to a “non-sociological” public. In this master thesis, I propose avenues to reflect on these concerns by looking at the journalistic practice through two genres: the “fait divers” and the “feuilleton”. I open up a dialogue between the two genres by exploring them in depth and analyzing their respective treatment of trials. It is through this theme that I underline their possible contributions to a sociology “outside of sociology”. The “fait divers” is a genre that is widely read in today’s newspapers. It focuses its attention on the environment close to its readers and on events that take origin in everyday life, but which have taken paths outside away from the ordinary. While this genre can be described as sensationalist and fearmongering, it nevertheless shows an interest in ordinary events that can bring new themes to sociology. The “feuilleton” and more precisely the type written by Siegfried Kracauer, is a German journalistic genre that flourished in the 1920s and 1930s. This author is interested in “small facts” of the urban world and assembles his observations in the form of a mosaic. The “feuilleton” tries to reveal the involvement of its readers in the phenomena it observes, thereby producing an effect of reflection after being read that brings a possible dimension to sociological writing. Following the analysis of examples from both genres, I propose three avenues that can respond to Burawoy’s concerns: 1) sociology can have a “sensational” aspect, 2) sociology can draw more inspiration from daily life, 3) sociology can take the example of a journalistic writing. By being interested in generating an effect through reading, investing in a form of writing that stimulates reflexivity and adopting a posture that takes into account contingency and the author's point of view in interpretation, journalism can provide elements of direction for the sociological practice in order to help it open up to a wider public.

La presente investigación aborda la problemática en los medios de comunicación escritos (periódicos) de 1999, año en que se acercaban a las elecciones presidenciales en el Perú. Por un lado, tenemos al periódico El Chino, un tabloide de línea editorial favorable al gobierno de Alberto Fujimori. Por otro lado, se encuentra el periódico La República, el cual cuenta con otro tipo de línea editorial, de un periódico serio y de carácter político, con una postura en contra de las acciones perpetradas por Fujimori en el gobierno peruano. / This research addresses the problem in the written media (newspapers) of 1999, the year in which they approached the presidential elections in Lima. On the one hand, we have the newspaper El Chino, a medium written with an editorial line in favor of the government of then President Alberto Fujimori. On the other hand, there is the newspaper La República, which has another type of editorial line, being a serious and political newspaper with a stance against the actions that Alberto Fujimori had in the Peruvian government. / Trabajo de investigación

The present thesis compares media representations of Yekîneyên Parastina Jin (YPJ or the Women’s Protection Units), an all-female Kurdish military organisation, in British media versus the organisation’s own media outlets, with the aim to see how they differ, more specifically in terms of representations of their ideological agency. By utilizing critical discourse analysis (CDA) in combination with postcolonial theory, the media construction of four soldiers’ deaths have been scrutinized in 30 media texts in order to provide a deeper understanding of the hegemonic discourses and sociocultural practices which underpin these constructions. The result shows a discrepancy in terms of representations of YPJ’s ideological agency. On the one hand, YPJ adopts an explicit effort to assert their ideology through a propagandistic discourse that emphasises their values of resistance, freedom, egalitarianism, gender emancipation and democratic confederalism, portraying their fighters as fearless martyrs and heroines that are determined to die for their cause. On the other hand, the UK media represent YPJ’s ideology in generic ways in which hidden ideological ‘us vs. them’ representations are deeply rooted in a broader naturalised Western hegemonic discourse, with portrayals of YPJ’s fallen soldiers mostly characterised by sensationalism and victimisation. One part of such hidden ideological agenda is the way in which YPJ constantly gets included in, and excluded from, ‘us’ (the West), depending on who the enemy is, in addition to mainly receiving media coverage in direct relation to ISIS, a common Western enemy. The result is a representation that endorses YPJ’s fight within a hegemonic Western discourse, neglecting their ideological agency. This has sociocultural implications since such hegemonic discourse misrepresents YPJ’s struggle, constructing their fight mostly as part of a Western counterterrorist strategy, which further legitimises the Western power to construct history based on its own premises and claims of truth.

No description available.

No description available.