This paper investigates whether an Islamic screened benchmark index shows a different risk adjusted performance in comparison to a non-screened benchmark index. In contrast to other papers this study analyzes daily observations in the years from 2007 to 2012, a period heavily affected by the financial crisis. The Capital Asset Pricing Model and the Jensen measure of abnormal returns are used to estimate and compare the indexes mean risk-adjusted returns. The results show that the Islamic index does not reveal any different level of daily mean risk-adjusted returns compared to the conventional non-screened index. Hence, Muslims who align their investments according to the teachings of Islam are not worse off than non-restricted investors following the screened Islamic index.

This report covers a study testing the possibility of adding portfolio optimization by mean-variance analysis as a tool to extend the concept of momentum strategies in contrast to naive allocation formed by Jegadeesh & Titman (1993). Further these active investment strategies are compared with a passive benchmark as well as a randomly selected portfolio over the entire study-period. The study showed that the naive allocation model outperformed the mean-variance model both economically as well as statistically. No indication where obtained for a lagged return effect when letting a mean-variance model choose weights for a quarterly holding period and the resulting investment recommendation is to follow a naive investment strategy within a momentum framework.

Aim: Based on portfolio theory, which highlights diversification, and CSR, which describes the value of social and ethical responsibility of corporations, this study examines whether there is a difference in risk-adjusted performance between ethical and traditional mutual funds. Ethical funds are limited in their opportunities of diversification and should therefore be limited in their potential perfomance. On the other hand, a focus on social and ethical responsibility can be profitable. Method: The study uses a quantitative approach where we used 25 mutual fund in each category, ethical and conventional mutual funds. The mutual funds and their data has been obtained from www.morningstar.se and www.pensionmyndigheten.se. Historical performance between 2009-2013 were processed to obtain the Sharpe ratio and M2. For comparison a independent t-test is used. Result & Conclusions: Although ethical and traditional mutual funds have different diversification opportunities, the results indicate no significant difference in risk-adjusted performance between ethical and conventional funds.

Submitted by Hubertus Schlögl (tassilo.schloegl@web.de) on 2018-02-01T16:37:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Macroeconomic Indicators and Systematic Risk - Is there a difference between Emerging and Developed Markets? Hubertus Tassilo Schlögl 338933 - EESP.pdf: 877788 bytes, checksum: 2e7cfedabad96e3c0375688472e9cb5e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Josineide da Silva Santos Locatelli (josineide.locatelli@fgv.br) on 2018-02-01T17:55:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Macroeconomic Indicators and Systematic Risk - Is there a difference between Emerging and Developed Markets? Hubertus Tassilo Schlögl 338933 - EESP.pdf: 877788 bytes, checksum: 2e7cfedabad96e3c0375688472e9cb5e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-02T11:15:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Macroeconomic Indicators and Systematic Risk - Is there a difference between Emerging and Developed Markets? Hubertus Tassilo Schlögl 338933 - EESP.pdf: 877788 bytes, checksum: 2e7cfedabad96e3c0375688472e9cb5e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-01-16 / This explorative study is about the influencing effects of US macroeconomic announcements on changes in systematic risk with the focus on the difference between emerging and developed markets. Seven different US macroeconomic indicators have been examined and used to estimate betas as a proxy for the systematic risk around the announcement dates. In the period from 1996 until 2017, betas have been estimated over a three-month pre- and post window, resulting in 27 announcements per US macroeconomic indicator. The study also tries to provide insights of the consequences for portfolio managers, based on patterns of changes in betas and their relationship with changes in Sharpe ratios. The study results reveal that betas change consistently over the sample period, however, to a small magnitude. Also, the changes in mean Sharpe ratios around these announcement dates have not been found as statistical significant. However, the study results indicate that there is a positive relationship between changes in Sharpe ratios and changes in betas for developed countries as the Pearson correlation coefficient illustrates. / O seguinte estudo analisa a influência das publicações de dados macroeconómicos nas variações do risco sistemático, salientando os diferentes efeitos sobre os mercados emergentes e os países desenvolvidos. Foram examinados sete diferentes indicadores macroeconómicos dos EUA, sendo estes utilizados para determinar uma estimativa dos valores do risco sistémico perto das datas das publicações macroeconómicos dos EUA. No período entre 1996 e 2017, os betas foram estimados sobre um intervalo de tempo de três meses antes e depois de cada publicação, resultando em 27 publicações por cada indicador do EUA. Nesta análise também se tenta explicar as consequências destes efeitos para os gestores de carteiras, baseando-se em padrões de variações dos betas e a sua relação com as variações dos Sharpe Ratios. Os resultados desta análise evidenciam que os betas variam consistentemente ao longo do período da amostra, ainda que numa baixa magnitude. Além disso, as variações no valor médio dos Sharpe Ratios nas datas próximas aos relativos anúncios económicos não são estatisticamente significativas. Contudo, os resultados desta análise indicam que existe uma relação positiva entre variações dos Sharpe Ratios e variações nos betas dos países desenvolvidos, como o coeficiente de correlação de Pearson demonstra.

Submitted by Marcelo Paranaguá de Vasconcelos Teixeira (mparanagua@fgvmail.br) on 2011-12-05T04:55:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertation.pdf: 819382 bytes, checksum: cdaa86e447db4a4650348d08517c47b5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Andrea Virginio Machado (andrea.machado@fgv.br) on 2011-12-26T18:18:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertation.pdf: 819382 bytes, checksum: cdaa86e447db4a4650348d08517c47b5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-01-02T16:53:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertation.pdf: 819382 bytes, checksum: cdaa86e447db4a4650348d08517c47b5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-07-01 / Esta dissertação analisa o desempenho de três estratégias de investimento em carteiras de custo zero ('value', 'momentum' e uma combinação 50/50 delas, que é chamada de 'combo') no mercado de ações brasileiro durante a última década. Os resultados são comparados aos encontrados por Asness, Moskowitz e Pedersen (2009) para quatro mercados: EUA, Reino Unido, Europa Continental, e Japão. Uma análise específica é feita em torno da crise financeira de 2008, comparando os resultados pré- e pós-crise. O índice de Sharpe é usado para ajustar os desempenhos por seus riscos, e para classificar as estratégias para diferentes horizontes de investimento. Os resultados mostram um ótimo desempenho da estratégia 'combo' nos últimos três anos, período que inclui a crise de 2008, mas considerando todo o período analisado a estratégia 'value' obteve o melhor desempenho. Esse resultado difere dos resultados encontrados para os quatro mercados de referência, onde a estratégia combo tem o melhor desempenho. A análise do horizonte de investimento mostra que a escolha do investidor pode mudar com diferentes horizontes.

Submitted by Davi Torres de Carvalho (davi.torres@gmail.com) on 2018-08-30T14:14:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PERFIL DOS INVESTIDORES DE CRIPTOMOEDAS - ANÁLISE DE BUSCAS CORRELACIONADAS AO BITCOIN.pdf: 1321448 bytes, checksum: d7e782a8be37d95ad193a89108224ae8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Joana Martorini (joana.martorini@fgv.br) on 2018-08-30T14:24:27Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 PERFIL DOS INVESTIDORES DE CRIPTOMOEDAS - ANÁLISE DE BUSCAS CORRELACIONADAS AO BITCOIN.pdf: 1321448 bytes, checksum: d7e782a8be37d95ad193a89108224ae8 (MD5) / Rejected by Suzane Guimarães (suzane.guimaraes@fgv.br), reason: Prezado Davi O seu trabalho foi rejeitado pois o título que consta nele está diferente do título autorizado pela banca examinadora, sendo assim é necessário fazer a correção e submeter o arquivo novamente. Quaisquer dúvidas entrar em contato com o telefone 11 3799-7732. Atenciosamente, on 2018-08-30T14:52:44Z (GMT) / Submitted by Davi Torres de Carvalho (davi.torres@gmail.com) on 2018-08-30T18:31:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PERFIL DOS INVESTIDORES DE CRIPTOMOEDAS - ANÁLISE DE BUSCAS CORRELACIONADAS AO BITCOIN.pdf: 1321448 bytes, checksum: d7e782a8be37d95ad193a89108224ae8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Joana Martorini (joana.martorini@fgv.br) on 2018-08-30T18:43:52Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 PERFIL DOS INVESTIDORES DE CRIPTOMOEDAS - ANÁLISE DE BUSCAS CORRELACIONADAS AO BITCOIN.pdf: 1321448 bytes, checksum: d7e782a8be37d95ad193a89108224ae8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Suzane Guimarães (suzane.guimaraes@fgv.br) on 2018-08-31T12:02:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 PERFIL DOS INVESTIDORES DE CRIPTOMOEDAS - ANÁLISE DE BUSCAS CORRELACIONADAS AO BITCOIN.pdf: 1321448 bytes, checksum: d7e782a8be37d95ad193a89108224ae8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-31T12:02:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PERFIL DOS INVESTIDORES DE CRIPTOMOEDAS - ANÁLISE DE BUSCAS CORRELACIONADAS AO BITCOIN.pdf: 1321448 bytes, checksum: d7e782a8be37d95ad193a89108224ae8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-07-31 / O Bitcoin é a maior criptomoeda em valor de mercado (USD 140 bilhões) e volume de negócios diário (USD 5,7 bilhões) de um grande grupo de criptomoedas. Sua proposta é baseada em uma rede ponto a ponto para permitir que pagamentos online sejam enviados diretamente de uma parte para outra sem passar por uma instituição financeira. Essa proposta também se apresenta como método seguro para evitar o duplo gasto e proteger a rede de ataques cibernéticos. O Bitcoin também usa um sistema de incentivo para a manutenção da rede. Neste artigo, é possível compreender suas características técnicas, bem como analisar a evolução histórica do Bitcoin, incluindo alguns aspectos financeiros como investimento. O principal objetivo é analisar os dados do Google Trends, onde a quantidade de pesquisas correlacionadas ao Bitcoin é usada para encontrar os perfis de investidores que buscaram Bitcoin na internet. Alguns termos como 'mineração', 'mercado' e 'programação de computadores' tiveram uma associação positiva com o interesse do Bitcoin (medido pela quantidade de buscas). Por outro lado, a associação com o termo 'dólar' foi negativa. Os efeitos placebo relativos aos cantores 'Caetano Veloso' e 'Roberto Carlos' não foram significativos. / Bitcoin is the largest cryptocurrency in terms of total market value (USD 140 billion) and daily traded volume (USD 5.7 billion). Its solution is based on a peer-to-peer network to enable online payments to be sent directly from one party to another without going through financial institutions. This proposal presents itself as a safe method to avoid double expenses and to protect the network from cyber attacks. Bitcoin also uses an incentive system for the maintenance of the network. In this article, it is possible to understand its technical characteristics as well as analyze the historical evolution of the bitcoin, including some financial aspects as an investment. The main objective is to analyze the data from Google Trends where the quantity of searches correlated to Bitcoin is used to find the profiles of investors that looked up to bitcoin on the internet. Some terms as 'mining', 'market', and 'computer programming' had a positive association with Bitcoin's interest (measured by the quantity of searches). On the other hand, the association with the term 'dollar' was negative. The placebo effects relative to the singers 'Caetano Veloso' and 'Roberto Carlos' were not significant.

Bakgrund: De senaste åren har en stark underprissättningstrend observerats i det ökande antalet börsnoteringar, vilket har skapat ett starkt investerarintresse. En stor del av dessa nyintroducerade bolag är småbolag, varav de flesta noteras på mindre handelsplatsformer, så kallade MTF:er. MTF:en Aktietorget introducerade flest företag till den svenska aktiemarknaden 2010-2014, varför detta har valts till studiens undersökningsområde.Tidigare studier har bevisat att det finns en hög volatilitet i nyintroduktioner och småbolag, vilket i finansiella sammanhang betyder att en sådan investering är mer riskfylld. Dock saknas liknande studier på downside volatilitet, alltså risken för förlust. Denna studie ämnar därför att jämföra den traditionellt riskjusterade avkastningen i form av sharpekvoten, mot avkastningen justerad för downside risk, den så kallade sortinokvoten. Detta nyare mått på risk är en del av den postmoderna portföljteorin, som tar hänsyn till en mer förlustaversiv investerare. Syfte: Syftet med denna uppsats är att analysera den riskjusterade avkastningen i nynoteringar på Aktietorget för att jämföra med etablerade bolag på OMX Stockholm. Den riskjusterade avkastningen beräknas genom sharpe-respektive sortinokvoten och jämförs sedan för att undersöka eventuella skillnader i bedömningen av aktiernas prestation. Genomförande: Uppsatsen är en eventstudie med deduktiv ansats. Undersökningen har inkluderat nynoteringar på Aktietorget mellan 2010-2014 och jämförelseaktier består av branschindex från OMXSPI.Den riskjusterade avkastningen har beräknats via modifierade kvoter. Samband mellan sharpe-respektive sortinokvoten har undersökts genom icke-parametrisk rangordningskorrelation. Slutsats: Studien kan inte bevisa en signifikant abnormal avkastning i nynoteringar på Aktietorget, men observerar en genomsnittlig överavkastning upp till en månad. De riskjusterade kvoterna har mycket stark rangordningskorrelation, vilket innebär att studiens resultat inte kan motivera en fortsatt användning av sortinokvoten. / Background: In recent years, a strong underpricing trend has been observed in the increasing number of IPOs, which has created a strong investor interest. A large part of these IPO companies are small firms, most of which are listed on smaller trading venues, known as MTFs. The MTF Aktietorget introduced most companies to the Swedish stock market during 2010-2014, so it has been chosen as the area for this research.Previous studies have shown that there is high volatility in new introductions and small companies, which in financial terms means that such an investment contains more risk. However, similar studies on downside risk are lacking. This study therefore aims to compare the traditional risk-adjusted return in the form of the sharpe ratio, against the return adjusted for downside risk, the so-called sortino ratio. This newer measure of risk is part of the postmodern portfolio theory, which takes into account a more loss-aversive investor. Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to analyze the risk-adjusted return in IPOs on Aktietorget and compare it with the return of established companies on OMX Stockholm. The risk-adjusted return is calculated by the sharpe and sortino ratios, respectively, and are later compared with each other to investigate possible differences in the estimation of performance for the stocks. Methodology: This paper is an event study with a deductive approach. The study has included IPOs on Aktietorget between 2010-2014 and comparative stocks, consisted of industry index from OMXSPI.The risk-adjusted return has been calculated using modified ratios and the relationship between the sharp and sortino ratios has been investigated by non-parametric ranking correlations. Conclusion: The study can't prove any significant abnormal return in IPOs on Aktietorget, but observes an average excess return of up to one month. The risk-adjusted ratios have very strong rank correlation, thus empirical results can't motivate the continued use of the sortino ratio.

Active management funds are associated with higher transaction costs, which is something that has been acknowledged for a long time. The question is whether these costs can compensate with a higher return. This paper investigates how two active strategies, momentum and growth investing, have performed in relation to a passive index. To test this, we investigated the Frankfurt stock market during 2005-2020 on stocks from the automobile sector. By doing this, the purpose was investigated whether growth and momentum has had a higher risk-adjusted return than the benchmark index during the 15 years of observation. The result showed that both growth and momentum performed better than a passive index fund, despite its costly variables. However, the risk adjusted return was not significant higher. This study includes transaction costs in its calculation, which other studies ignore and focus on one industry with a consistent benchmark index for the same industry. By doing this, we believe that the test will be more accurate, and avoid potential industry effects on return and hopefully contribute with new thoughts on the subject.

Diploma thesis deals with the evaluation and the comparison of the performance of mutual funds and investment funds with a focus on the real estate sector. The essence and principles of mutual funds, ETF and REIT are presented, and the resulting weaknesses and advantages. According to the selected indicators, the profitability, riskiness and expense of the investment opportunities are examined and investment recommendations for management of an investment company and potential retail investors are established.

The study evaluated the development role of targeted development investments in South Africa and their risk adjusted performance over a 10-Year period, that is from 2008 to 2017. Targeted development investments as a subset of socially responsible investments have transformed the way capital is allocated towards development funding needs. In the South African context this study is relevant given it offers a contrast between investments made in the public sector where development impact is a key objective, versus private sector targeted investments that aim to achieve financial returns whilst also driving development impact objectives aligned to sustainable development goals. The role and impact of these investments in the post democratic era is put in the spotlight given the country is dealing with economic, social, and environmental challenges that have necessitated the need to assess the nature and role of the investment industry in solving these complex development challenges (Giampocaro & Pretorius, 2012). The study on the role of the public sector focused on the investments and development impact indicators tracked by the Top 3 public sector investment institutions or corporations. The analysis on the performance of the private sector TDI funds examined their risk adjusted performance using Treynor, Sharpe, Sortino, and Information ratios. The risk adjusted performance was used to test whether the TDI fund returns under or outperformed against five benchmark categories. The research findings showed mixed results where TDI funds either underperformed or outperformed against the benchmark categories. The findings highlighted the need for a hybrid development model where both the public and private sector actively play a role in the development landscape as guided by their respective investment mandates. The findings advocate for corporate and institutional investors to increase capital allocations and investments towards financing development needs given the scope to maximise investor returns, whilst considering socially responsible investing and issues relating to the development and empowerment of previously disadvantaged communities.