Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-18T17:46:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mayara Pissutti Albano.pdf: 4404098 bytes, checksum: 962913086532b8e71f1f1b50dcc2d129 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-10-21 / The constant urbanization process in Brazil generates cities wanting infrastructure, dignified housing and public services, showing serious social and spacial segragation. The lack of public policies for housing and execution of adequate housing complexes create cities with illegal areas and uncontrolled expansion. At the same time, the neglect towards environmental legislation when planning social housing is bringing forth problems to its residents, as well as for the natural environment; in other words, the approval and implantation of complexes without the proper environmental analysis reinforces inadequate spaces and/or strongly impactful in the natural and built environments, reinforcing situations of segregation and degradation of the environment. In Presidente Prudente, many housing enterprises of social interest were implanted without adequate study or concern with the local environmental questions, as well as with legislation of land subdivision. Regarding this issues, this reasearch aims to contribute to a critical analysis about the production of social housing, verifying characteristics of implantation of social housing enterprises, its localization in the urban structure, the natural environment whre it was executed, the legal questions for approval in the competent agency of environmental licensing, among other relevant aspects. The object of study of this dissertation is focused in the Residencial Maré Mansa, executed in the city of Presidente Prudente by the private sector, in 1998. The methodology that is proposed to be followed is based in theoretical deepening on the mentioned aspects, research on the process of urban evolution of Presidente Prudente s design, legal aspects on social housing and environmental analysis, evidence base of approval in the competent agencies, social, environmental and physical characterization of the enterprise that was studied, and field research. It is aimed, then, to verify in a solid way the characteristics of the analyzed housing complex proving the lack of environmental control in the execution oof social house in the city. / O constante processo de urbanização no Brasil gera cidades carentes de infraestrutura, de habitação digna e serviços públicos, provocando séria segregação socioespacial. A falta de políticas públicas de habitação e de execução de conjuntos habitacionais adequados colaboram com o aumento de áreas ilegais e expansão descontrolada. Ao mesmo tempo, o descaso com a legislação ambiental na produção de habitação social tem gerado problemas aos seus moradores, assim como para o próprio ambiente natural; ou seja, a aprovação e a implantação de conjuntos sem a correta análise ambiental reforça espaços inadequados e/ou fortemente impactantes no ambiente natural e construído, reforçando situações de segregação e degradação do ambiente. Em Presidente Prudente, muitos empreendimentos de habitação de interesse social foram implantados sem um adequado estudo ou preocupação com as questões ambientais locais, assim como com a legislação de parcelamento do solo. Dessa forma, esta pesquisa busca contribuir para uma análise crítica sobre a produção de habitação social, verificando características de implantação de empreendimento de habitação popular, sua localização na estrutura urbana, o ambiente natural onde foi executado, as questões legais de aprovação em órgãos competentes de licenciamento ambiental, entre outros aspectos que se perceba relevantes. Como objeto de estudo desta dissertação foca-se no Residencial Maré Mansa, implantado na cidade de Presidente Prudente por meio de iniciativa privada, em 1998. A metodologia utilizada se baseou em aprofundamento teórico sobre os aspectos tratados, levantamentos sobre o processo de evolução da malha urbana de Presidente Prudente, aspectos legais voltados à habitação social e à análise ambiental, base documental de aprovação nos órgãos competentes, caracterização física, social e ambiental do empreendimento estudado, e levantamentos de campo. Busca-se, assim, verificar de forma sólida as características do conjunto habitacional analisado comprovando a carência de controle ambiental na produção da habitação social na cidade

O trabalho discorre sobre a arquitetura e a política da habitação social no Brasil e na Inglaterra, apresentando os conceitos que permeiam a implantação de conjuntos habitacionais, as habitações de interesse social e suas finalidades, a ideia de cidade moderna e sua implantação em ambos os países, a cronologia histórica das políticas habitacionais e uma análise comparativa de estudos de caso de cada nacionalidade. A função do trabalho é demonstrar o quanto e de que forma a política habitacional influenciou a arquitetura e a produção habitacional dos dois países, quais orientações nas políticas públicas favoreceram a produção habitacional e, através de estudos de caso, verificar como essas influências se manifestam nas arquiteturas dos conjuntos. Para alcançar o objetivo, foi elaborada uma periodização e selecionados conjuntos habitacionais como estudos de caso representativos de cada período. O esboço conceitual uniformizará as informações e diretrizes, que serão conduzidas ao longo do trabalho, destacando o que difere em cada país e o que se assemelha em suas macrodefinições, estratégias e nas interferências no tecido urbano da cidade, em suas implantações e na criação dos espaços habitacionais. Por último, a análise dos exemplos se dará baseada em conceitos, principalmente, envolvendo identidade e lugar, pela recorrência em todos de unidades de vizinhança, de diversos portes e conformações, mas com a função conceitual projetual de promover a integração e a lugaridade dos moradores com seus espaços de moradia, convivência e sociabilidade. / The study deals with the architecture and politics of social housing in Brazil and England, presenting the concepts that permeate the implantation of housing complexes, housing of social interest and its purposes, the modern city idea and its implantation in both countries , the historical chronology of housing policies and a comparative analysis of case studies of each nationality. The purpose of the paper is to demonstrate how and in what way the housing policy influenced the architecture and housing production of the both countries, what guidelines in public policies favored housing production and, through case studies, to verify how these influences are manifested in architecture. In order to reach the objective, a periodization was elaborated and selected housing complexes as representative case studies of each period. The conceptual outline will standardize information and guidelines, which will be conducted throughout the work, highlighting what differs in each country and what resembles its macro definitions, strategies and interferences in the urban fabric of the city, its implantations and the creation of housing spaces. Finally, the analysis of the examples will be based on concepts, mainly involving identity and place, by the recurrence in all neighborhood units, of various sizes and conformations, but with the conceptual design function of promoting the integration and the place of the inhabitants with their living spaces, coexistence and sociability.

This thesis deals with the design of flats for social housing on the basis of technical requirements for flats. According to these requirements will be established algorithm design of flats depending on the number of persons and the resulting requirements for minimum of living rooms. The study also determined the amount of rental that is determined by the number of people in the family. For this rent will be calculated unit price per m2 social flat.

South Africa faces a shortfall in its provision of housing for low income households. This study explores the potential to use public private partnerships (PPP) to address these supply problems. A review of the housing market and an examination of the opportunities and challenges presented by PPP are presented, including a review of the international experience in the provision of social housing. Interviews with key stakeholders are undertaken to evaluate the appropriateness of PPP in the South African social housing sector. PPP are believed to have the potential increase the supply of social housing, provided there is continuing support from the state. However, none of the key stakeholders were keen to use the “traditional” PPP process, suggesting a need for innovative partnership models more appropriate for the sector. Copyright / Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS) / unrestricted

Masters in Public Administration - MPA / This study investigates problems around provision of social housing with a specific focus in social housing programmes in South Africa. Research is looking at challenges faced by the municipality in making sure housing beneficiaries receive houses of their own. This challenge arises from the ability of government to provide enough and adequate houses to people with housing demand. The government has promised to provide for each citizen a roof over their head however the apparent housing allocation and distribution process has been slow with some parts of the society being excluded from the housing subsidy. Since 1994 after democracy took place, the government has built 1 million houses however this was not enough to secure houses for all, as many individuals are still living in shacks with little or no access to basic services. This paper looks at the challenges and experiences in social housing learnt by housing beneficiaries mainly in the Siyanyanzela Informal Settlement.

Este documento surge por la aparición de una vivienda social inadecuada en Ica, por no responder al estilo de vida del usuario y por no entender su desarrollo económico en el tiempo. El estado a través de la empresa privada busca solucionar la demanda existente de vivienda presentando una estandarización de módulos de vivienda para agilizar su construcción, y llegar a las metas establecidas. Se entregan módulos básicos construidos con la opción de expandirlos a través del tiempo, sin embargo, los módulos entregados no suelen entender el contexto inmediato donde se emplazan y tampoco comprenden el estilo de vida de las familias causando una inversión adicional a pesar de poder expandirlos en el tiempo, porque los residentes al expandirlos, tratan de moldear estos módulos con su identidad probando soluciones informales y a veces arriesgadas, demostrando el desinterés del estado y la empresa privada por la realidad del usuario y su desarrollo económico. Esta investigación se hizo para demostrar la importancia de entender al ser humano, para comprender su realidad, y para precisar que el arquitecto tiene un rol social importante en mejorar la vida de las personas. / This document arises from the appearance of inadequate social housing in Ica, for not responding to the user's lifestyle and for not understanding their economic development over time. The state, through private companies, seeks to solve the existing demand for housing by presenting a standardization of housing modules to speed up their construction and reach the established goals. Basic modules built with the option of expanding them over time are delivered, however, the modules delivered do not usually understand the immediate context where they are located nor do they understand the lifestyle of families causing an additional investment despite being able to expand them in over time, because residents, by expanding them, try to mold these modules with their identity, testing informal and sometimes risky solutions, demonstrating the disinterest of the state and private companies for the reality of the user and their economic development. This research was done to demonstrate the importance of understanding the human being, to understand his reality, and to specify that the architect has an important social role in improving people's lives. / Tesis

Miljonprogrammet är benämningen på ett statligt stöttat konstruktionsmål om 1 miljon bostäder på 10 år, under perioden 1965-1975. Innan miljonprogrammet upplevdes en kraftig befolkningstillväxt till följd av så kallade babybooms och hög arbetskraftsinvandring, en stor bostadsbrist, en låg standard på bostäder där många hushåll saknade utrustning som anses basal idag, en kraftig ekonomisk tillväxt med ökade realinkomster som ökade efterfrågan på bättre och rymligare boenden samt ett utbrett problem med trångboddhet. Trots en ökad bostadsproduktion med bättre standard mellan 1945–1965 slog den statliga utredningen bostadsbyggnadsutredningen fast att det fanns ett fortsatt behov av ökat byggtempo. Slutbetänkandet av bostadsbyggnadsutredningen, kallad höjd bostadsstandard, kom år 1965 och därefter fattades beslutet om ett miljonprogram. Denna rapport syftar till att kartlägga de mest framträdande orsakerna bakom miljonprogrammet, jämföra dem mot dagsläget för att bedöma dagens behov samt undersöka vad som skulle göras annorlunda om det utfördes ett liknande program idag. Idag är befolkningstillväxten högre än den var då, både sett lång- och kortsiktig. Detta attribueras ofta till höga invandringstal, då födelsetalen varit förhållandevis låga. Det finns även en bostadsbrist, inte minst i storstadsområdena där befolkningstätheten ökat som mest. Trångboddheten har även ökat och det finns över 30 000 hemlösa i landet. Dock är trångboddheten svår att mäta idag, likväl hemlösheten, det uppskattas ett visst mörkertal på denna front och vissa andra aspekter är viktiga att se till, så som bostadsarea per person. Till skillnad från den låga bostadsstandarden som föranledde miljonprogrammet är en lägsta godtagbar standard lagstadgade idag, vilket säkerställt en fortsatt adekvat utrustningsstandard i hemmen. Andelen som lever under varaktigt låg ekonomisk standard har även ökat parallellt med att hyrorna per kvadratmeter höjts avsevärt jämfört med KPI, vilket har försämrat vissa delar av befolkningens möjliga efterfrågan på bostadsmarknaden. Det finns inget behov, eller samma möjligheter, till ett nytt miljonprogram idag. Däremot måste en fortsatt byggtakt säkerställas. Det finns olika åtgärder som kan vidtas för att säkerställa den, däribland är förslag social housing och införandet av marknadshyror. Dessutom finns ett behov av ekonomiskt tillgängliga lägenheter för de som har svårt att etablera sig på bostadsmarknaden, de verktyg som finns för att stötta dem idag är bostadsbidrag och subventionering av hyror. Numera står miljonprogrammets bostäder inför renoveringsbehov och det finns andra miljökrav idag än när dessa konstruerades. Det medför en möjlighet att miljörenovera parallellt med de tekniska renoveringarna samt möjligheten att uppfylla de krav som finns för diverse miljömärkningar. Frågan idag är alltså inte om behovet för ett nytt miljonprogram, snarare skulle det kunna vara aktuellt med ett ”miljöprogram” för att säkerställa effektiviseringen av bostadsbeståndet. / During 1965-1975 the Swedish government initiated a state-funded program called “the million program”, which supported the goal of building 1 million homes in 10 years. During the period leading up to the million program there was a strong population growth due to a baby boom and high labor immigration. There was also a large housing shortage, a problem with low housing standards where many households lacked equipment that is considered basic today, strong economic growth with increased real incomes which lead to increased demand for better and more spacious housing as well as a widespread problem of cramped housing accommodations. Despite an increased housing production with a higher standard between 1945-1965, a governmental investigation called “bostadsbyggnadsutredningen” found that there was a continued need for an increased construction pace. The final report of “bostadsbyggnadsutredningen”, called “höjd bostadsstandard”, released in 1965 and then the decision was made to initiate the million program. This paper aims to identify to causes behind the million program, make a comparison between these and todays situation to determine the housing needs, as well as exploring what would be done differently if was made today. Today, population growth is higher than it was back then, both in the long and short term. This is often attributed to high immigration rates, as birth rates have been lower. There is also a housing shortage, predominantly in the metropolitan areas where the population density has increased the most. Cramped housing accommodations has also increased and there are over 30,000 homeless people in the country. However, cramped housing accommodations is difficult to measure, as is homelessness, there is an estimated hidden statistics in these numbers and certain other aspects are important to examine, such as the living space per person. In contrast to the low housing standard from before to the million program, a minimum acceptable standard is statutory today, which has ensured a continued adequate standard of equipment in homes. The proportion living with long-term low economic standard has also increased in parallel to rents per square meter being raised significantly compared with the consumer price index, which has worsened certain groups of the population's position in the housing market. There is neither a need, nor the same possibility to enact, a new million program today. There is a need to ensure a continued construction pace, however. There are various measures to corroborate this, including suggestions of social housing and the implementation of market rents. There is also a need for financially accessible apartments for those who have difficulty establishing themselves on the housing market, the tools available to support them today are housing and rent subsidies. Nowadays the homes made during the million program are in need of renovation and there are other environmental requirements than when they were constructed. This gives the opportunity for environmental renovations in parallel with the technical renovations they need and opens up the possibility to eco-label them. There is no need for a new million program, rather an "environmental program" could be relevant to discuss to further improv the housing stock. / <p>Examensarbetet är utfört vid Institutionen för teknik och naturvetenskap (ITN) vid Tekniska fakulteten, Linköpings universitet</p>

This project located in Brno is focused on housing for elderly and cohousing strategy. Site is situated near the city center, in the Staré Brno district, in between of Hybešova street and Hospital of st. Anne. According to a good connection with city center by public transport and various functions for habitants, it has promising potential for creating ideals conditions for housing in the city center. Project is based on analysis and social study from last year. I've tried to get into the problematic of needs of modern people, living in the center, its problems and adavantages in context of history and sociology. My result is strategy for living, applied on Staré Brno site.

no / Smart Sustainable Cities (SSC) consist of multiple stakeholders, who must cooperate in order for SSCs to be successful. Housing is an important challenge and in many cities, therefore, a key stakeholder are social housing organisations. This paper introduces a qualitative case study of a social housing provider in the UK who implemented a business intelligence project (a method to assess data networks within an organisation) to increase data quality and data interoperability. Our analysis suggests that creating pathways for different information systems within an organisation to ‘talk to’ each other is the first step. Some of the issues during the project implementation include the lack of training and development, organisational reluctance to change, and the lack of a project plan. The challenges faced by the organisation during this project can be helpful for those implementing SSCs. Currently, many SSC frameworks and models exist, yet most seem to neglect localised challenges faced by the different stakeholders. This paper hopes to help bridge this gap in the SSC research agenda.

京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(地球環境学) / 甲第24274号 / 地環博第234号 / 新制||地環||45(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院地球環境学舎地球環境学専攻 / (主査)教授 小林 広英, 准教授 落合 知帆, 教授 西前 出 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Global Environmental Studies / Kyoto University / DFAM