La quête de mobilité sociale s’est renforcée dans l’imaginaire collectif, les valeurs et l’identité japonaise depuis le décloisonnement territorial et social procuré par le changement radical des politiques lors de la Restauration Meiji. Ces nouveaux gains spatiaux et sociaux, en parallèle avec le développement d’une économie capitaliste, stimulent les mouvements humains et de capitaux, développant de nouveaux réseaux transitoires. Après la Seconde Guerre mondiale, le Japon vit à nouveau des transformations qui viennent bouleverser la gestion de l’espace et son système d’éducation. En effet, l’espace physique et social se voit être redéfini de sorte à prioriser les secteurs industriels qui correspondent aux nouveaux standards socioéconomiques de la société. Rapidement, le principe méritocratique s’installe dans le nouveau système d’éducation « égalitaire » pour répondre au désir grandissant de la population de mobilité. Enfin, l’éclatement de la bulle spéculative dans les années 1990 vient une fois de plus bouleverser les structures sociales et scolaires du Japon. Dans cette nouvelle réalité: l’éducation agit-elle comme une force sociale qui permet ou empêche le gain de mobilité; ou bien maintient-elle ou augmente-t-elle la position sociale des individus? Et quelle est l’influence des classes sur le phénomène de la reproduction sociale? Différentes thématiques seront abordées dans cette recherche, notamment l’effet des classes sociales sur les inégalités quant à l’accès à l’éducation; le rôle de l’éducation dans une société néo-libérale basée sur la certification (« diplômatie » – société des diplômes), créant un déséquilibre entre les établissements scolaires et les régions; et enfin l’influence des capitaux sur la position sociale d’un individu. Par ailleurs, une théorisation conceptuelle sera proposée afin de faire ressortir l’importance de la spatialité dans la mobilité sociale en tant que complément à la théorie des capitaux de Bourdieu. / The quest for social mobility has been reinforced in the Japanese collective imagination, values and identity since the territorial and social decompartmentalization provided by the radical change in policies during the Meiji Restoration. Such new spatial and social gains, paired with the development of a capitalist economy, fostered the movement of people and capital, developing new transitory networks. After the Second World War, Japan once again experienced transformations that disrupted the management of its territory and its education system. Indeed, the physical and social space was redefined in order to prioritize the industrial sectors that corresponded to the new socio-economic standards of the society. Soon, the meritocratic principle was established in the new "egalitarian" education system to respond to the population's growing desire for mobility. Finally, the bursting of the speculative bubble in the 1990s once again disrupted the social and educational structures of Japan. Considering this new reality: does education act as a social force that allows or prevents the gain of mobility; or does it maintain or strengthen the social position of individuals? And what is the influence of class on the phenomenon of social reproduction? Different themes will be addressed in this research, including the effect of social class on inequalities in access to education; the role of education in a neo-liberal society based on certification ("diplômatie" – Diploma system), creating an imbalance between schools and regions; and finally, the influence of capital on an individual's social position. Furthermore, a conceptual theorization will be proposed to highlight the importance of spatiality in social mobility as a complement to Bourdieu's capital theory.

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This dissertation investigates what the early modern donation system in Sweden reveals about the Crown’s expectations of the social group that served the state, and what these individuals expected from the Crown. The author shows how the Crown used donations of land rents to remunerate and reward individuals in its service. In 1680 the donation system was abolished and the Crown reclaimed everything that had been alienated. It was not until 1723 that the proprietors could address a specially appointed parliamentary commission (which ended in 1748) and challenge the Crown’s repossession. The deeds of donation and ratification, most issued during the period 1604 to 1680, as well as petitions submitted to the commission constitute the sources used in the investigation. A petition from the recipient usually preceded remunerations and the deeds drawn up by the Crown often refer to these letters. Petitioners accordingly referred to arguments used by the administration in Stockholm. This makes it possible, by direct and indirect methods, to study how both parties sought to change and influence the imagined compact between Crown and families in its service. The negotiation between the parties, studied over such a lengthy period, helps identify tendencies in the way the relation between state and its servants was changing. The thesis shows that there was a clear gender aspect to the process through which state formation happened. Even though most recipients were male, the deeds included his wife and children. Service and fidelity to the Crown was expected also from the descendants of the recipient. Accordingly, the Crown had both liabilities and duties to fulfil to the recipients family. We could say that in the eye of the Crown its servants were a family. The author also argues that the Crown used the donations to create and favour an informal fifth estate and how this policy influenced the shared ideas in society on merits versus ancestry. In the end of the period, however, the imagined compact was changing. The emerging state came with new claims to authority and the need to separate the Crown from its subjects at various levels (legal, political). As the compact became less personal family members were no longer included and women could no longer negotiate from their position within the family.

This thesis examines the relationship between recognition of prior learning and the aim to increase social and ethnical diversity in higher education. Recognition of prior learning is a result of educational politics aiming to broaden social and ethnical recruitment to higher education. By examining if recognition of prior learning rather can, and shall, be seen as part of what Pierre Bourdieu calls educational social reproduction I try to question whether it fulfils education policy goals or not. My results show that persons responsible for recognition of prior learning rather recognise knowledge from prior educational institutions than knowledge gained outside the educational system. Considering this, recognition of prior learning does not quite live up to the aims. But if evaluated and developed it might become a useful tool to broaden recruitment to higher education. / Denna uppsats syftar till att undersöka relationen mellan validering av reell kompetens och målet att öka den sociala och etniska mångfalden i högskolan. Validering av reell kompetens är resultatet av en politisk högskolereform som syftar till breddad rekrytering men jag försöker lyfta frågan om validering snarare kan, och skall, ses som en del av vad Pierre Bourdieu kallar den sociala reproduktionen i högskolan. Mina resultat visar att de som gör bedömningar av reell kompetens är mer benägna att värdera tidigare utbildningserfarenhet än kunskaper hämtade från andra områden. Detta gör att vi i dagsläget kan tala om att validering av reell kompetens inte riktigt lever upp till sitt mål, men att det, om det används på rätt sätt, kan vara ett bra redskap för att bredda rekryteringen.

<p>This thesis examines the relationship between recognition of prior learning and the aim to increase social and ethnical diversity in higher education. Recognition of prior learning is a result of educational politics aiming to broaden social and ethnical recruitment to higher education. By examining if recognition of prior learning rather can, and shall, be seen as part of what Pierre Bourdieu calls educational social reproduction I try to question whether it fulfils education policy goals or not. My results show that persons responsible for recognition of prior learning rather recognise knowledge from prior educational institutions than knowledge gained outside the educational system. Considering this, recognition of prior learning does not quite live up to the aims. But if evaluated and developed it might become a useful tool to broaden recruitment to higher education.</p> / <p>Denna uppsats syftar till att undersöka relationen mellan validering av reell kompetens och målet att öka den sociala och etniska mångfalden i högskolan. Validering av reell kompetens är resultatet av en politisk högskolereform som syftar till breddad rekrytering men jag försöker lyfta frågan om validering snarare kan, och skall, ses som en del av vad Pierre Bourdieu kallar den sociala reproduktionen i högskolan. Mina resultat visar att de som gör bedömningar av reell kompetens är mer benägna att värdera tidigare utbildningserfarenhet än kunskaper hämtade från andra områden. Detta gör att vi i dagsläget kan tala om att validering av reell kompetens inte riktigt lever upp till sitt mål, men att det, om det används på rätt sätt, kan vara ett bra redskap för att bredda rekryteringen.</p>

Submitted by Cristiane de Melo Shirayama (cristiane.shirayama@unifesp.br) on 2018-04-13T21:12:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 REPENSANDO_A_REPRODU__O_DO_.PDF: 7523629 bytes, checksum: e58f872d7f24caa1eb4ab8db3eff1c9d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Diogo Misoguti (diogo.misoguti@gmail.com) on 2018-04-17T18:06:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 REPENSANDO_A_REPRODU__O_DO_.PDF: 7523629 bytes, checksum: e58f872d7f24caa1eb4ab8db3eff1c9d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-17T18:06:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 REPENSANDO_A_REPRODU__O_DO_.PDF: 7523629 bytes, checksum: e58f872d7f24caa1eb4ab8db3eff1c9d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-10-17 / Fundação Amazônia Paraense de Amparo à Pesquisa (FAPESPA) / Esta dissertação trata da particularidade da reprodução social mediante a produção do espaço a partir da experiência da Comuna Urbana Dom Hélder Câmara. Produzida por sujeitos diversos, a experiência da Comuna permitiu analisar os processos de trabalho e urbanização com o objetivo de compreender os impasses e as potencialidades da autogestão na produção habitacional entre os anos de 2008 a 2012. Depreende-se da descrição e da análise o processo e o contexto de problematização dos limites da forma urbana da habitação unifamiliar e individual, em um momento em que a produção habitacional aumentou vertiginosamente em decorrência da lógica produtivista do setor imobiliário. Discute-se as diversas formas de habitação na formação da metrópole paulistana: autoconstrução-favelização, produção estatal, produção imobiliária e mutirão autogerido e, em seguida, investiga-se a relação entre os processos de industrialização e urbanização como mote de contextualização histórica de entendimento dos impasses das políticas urbana e habitacional. Em contraposição ao processo de urbanização segregador e individualizador, é analisado o “fazer-se” coletivo da classe pela experiência da Comuna e sua forma de organização política e espacial que resulta num projeto arquitetônico inovador e complexo, que reuniu espaços sociais distintos para além da habitação como expressão da busca do social, da reunião e da simultaneidade do urbano. / This dissertation deals with the particularity of social reproduction through the production of space from the experience of the Commune Urban Dom Helder Camara. Produced by different subjects, the experience of the Commune allowed to analyze work processes and development with the goal of understanding the dilemmas and possibilities of self-management in housing production between the years 2008-2012. It appears from the description and analysis of the process and context of questioning the limits of the urban form of the single-family dwelling and detached, at a time that housing production has increased dramatically due to the productivist logic of the real estate industry. It discusses the various forms of housing in the metropolis training: self-slums, state production, production and self-managed real estate task force and then investigates the relationship between the processes of industrialization and urbanization as a theme of historical context of understanding impasses of urban and housing policies. In contrast to the process of urbanization and individualization segregated, is considered the "make up" class for the collective experience of the Commune and its organizational and political space which results in a complex and innovative architectural design, bringing together different social spaces beyond housing as an expression of social search, the meeting and the simultaneity of the city.

Submitted by BRUNO LACERRA DE SOUZA null (bruno_lacerra@hotmail.com) on 2016-10-05T14:38:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 BRUNO LACERRA - Dissertação Final.pdf: 1723606 bytes, checksum: 6ed13c1fe4ae18b3436c779bce6f616a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Paula Grisoto (grisotoana@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-10-06T18:15:28Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 souza_bl_me_ippri.pdf: 1723606 bytes, checksum: 6ed13c1fe4ae18b3436c779bce6f616a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-06T18:15:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 souza_bl_me_ippri.pdf: 1723606 bytes, checksum: 6ed13c1fe4ae18b3436c779bce6f616a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-12 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Nesta dissertação analisamos alguns aspectos da questão agrária brasileira com o intuito de compreender a luta pela terra, os movimentos sociais e os Assentamentos de Reforma Agrária e a sua relação com as construções sociais que permeiam a Juventude Rural brasileira. A partir desta reflexão inicial, destacamos como tema da nossa pesquisa os jovens nos assentamentos de reforma agrária - e as principais problemáticas relacionadas ao tema da Juventude Rural. Para consolidarmos nossa reflexão e dialogarmos com a pesquisa bibliográfica, realizamos uma pesquisa de campo para investigar a Juventude Rural enquanto uma categoria que pode ser observada na prática. Deste modo, apreendemos, a partir dos Jovens Rurais do Assentamento Reunidas localizado na cidade de Promissão/SP, relatos de sujeitos que possuem determinadas relações com a realidade, com a luta pela terra, que trabalham no campo ou na cidade criando estratégias de vida específicas para permanecerem no assentamento, que possuem projetos de vida, sonhos, relações com os movimentos sociais e interpretações próprias do que é ser jovem no mundo de hoje. Discutimos a importância que a permanência desses jovens em seus lotes desempenha na questão da sucessão familiar e da consequente reprodução social nos assentamentos, problema decorrente ao envelhecimento dos primeiros assentados dos projetos de reforma agrária. / In this work, we analyze some aspects of the Brazilian agrarian question in order to understand the struggle for land, social movements and the Agrarian Reform and its relationship with the social construction of the Brazilian Rural Youth. From this initial reflection, we highlight the theme of our research, young people in agrarian reform settlements - and the main issues related to the theme of Rural Youth. To consolidate our reflection and relates it with the literature, we conducted a field survey to investigate the rural youth as a category that can be observed in practice. We studied the Rural Youth of Assentamento Reunidas located in Promissão/SP by their reports, that have shown their relations with the reality in settlements, with the struggle for land, with the work in the field or in the city, the arrangements that they have made to stay in the settlement, and also the reports have shown what are their life plans, dreams, their relationship with social movements and their own interpretations of what is to be young in today's world. We discussed the importance that maintaining these young people in their grange plays on the issue of family succession and the resulting social reproduction in the settlements, problems arising from the aging of the first settlers of agrarian reform projects.

Orientador: Mirian Cláudia Lourenção Simonett / Resumo: Nesta dissertação analisamos alguns aspectos da questão agrária brasileira com o intuito de compreender a luta pela terra, os movimentos sociais e os Assentamentos de Reforma Agrária e a sua relação com as construções sociais que permeiam a Juventude Rural brasileira. A partir desta reflexão inicial, destacamos como tema da nossa pesquisa os jovens nos assentamentos de reforma agrária - e as principais problemáticas relacionadas ao tema da Juventude Rural. Para consolidarmos nossa reflexão e dialogarmos com a pesquisa bibliográfica, realizamos uma pesquisa de campo para investigar a Juventude Rural enquanto uma categoria que pode ser observada na prática. Deste modo, apreendemos, a partir dos Jovens Rurais do Assentamento Reunidas localizado na cidade de Promissão/SP, relatos de sujeitos que possuem determinadas relações com a realidade, com a luta pela terra, que trabalham no campo ou na cidade criando estratégias de vida específicas para permanecerem no assentamento, que possuem projetos de vida, sonhos, relações com os movimentos sociais e interpretações próprias do que é ser jovem no mundo de hoje. Discutimos a importância que a permanência desses jovens em seus lotes desempenha na questão da sucessão familiar e da consequente reprodução social nos assentamentos, problema decorrente ao envelhecimento dos primeiros assentados dos projetos de reforma agrária. / Mestre

Submitted by Rachel Pereira (rachelprr@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-01-06T18:40:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Daniel-Merigoux-Tese-de-doutorado.entregue-gravado-cd.pdf: 2050684 bytes, checksum: 8de8c55d9ee41a7f60baaee2c8d811a7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-06T18:40:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Daniel-Merigoux-Tese-de-doutorado.entregue-gravado-cd.pdf: 2050684 bytes, checksum: 8de8c55d9ee41a7f60baaee2c8d811a7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-04-07 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A existência de uma barreira da linguagem, transponível por uma “tradução” em que se perde a verdade pura, justifica geralmente a Divulgação Científica (DC). Problematizamos esse pressuposto retraçando as diferenças teóricas entre as linguagens ditas científica e leiga, bem como sua construção sócio-histórica. Concebemos a DC como parte de uma Comunicação Científica estendida, intra e extrapares, na perspectiva da acumulação de conhecimento, pautados mormente pelos conceitos de reprodução e capital simbólico de Bourdieu. Apreendemos cientista e leigo como atores comparáveis, embora socialmente distintos, recusando qualquer separação a priori, absoluta, natural ou anistórica entre eles. Os primórdios da DC são geralmente datados dos diálogos de Galileu e Fontenelle no século 17. Mas os modernos defendem primeiro o sigilo. Herdeiros do “Mênon” de Platão, aderem a uma filosofia pitagórica tão restrita ao par quanto o “artificial” latim, mesmo quando opõem a este o logos inato, vivo e dialético, representado pelos romances. Contra o poder central papal e o monopólio escolástico das universidades, a quantificação moderna do mundo legitimava os soberanos das nações europeias mercantilistas nascentes, patrocinadores das academias científicas oficiais. A linguagem do Livro da Natureza de Galileu é absolutamente divina: afirma um universo unificado e unívoco, acima das disputas clericais e interpretações qualitativas da Bíblia, mas nega à expressão leiga qualquer verdade científica, inviabilizando a Divulgação. Em vista disso, a DC surge na Atenas dos séculos 5 e 4 a.C., quando a retórica faz a dialética privada entrar na arena pública, governada por escolhas democráticas. Aristóteles seculariza a verdade filosófico-científica, imputando-a a um ato de fala humano, explicitamente regrado pela univocidade sistemática (uma palavra=um sentido), a qual distingue até hoje a linguagem científica da leiga. A definição do Termo impõe à determinação bivalente da verdade tanto quanto à sua comunicação a seleção de um único sentido correto entre aqueles possíveis, prefigurando uma teoria da informação, sem estatísticas. Associada à escrita e ao dialógico agonístico, a univocidade perpetua a ordem social pelo desempate e acerto simbólicos. Oposta à violência física e ambiguidade oraculares, transmite a verdade segundo um ideal de reprodução sem perda. Traduz partes do discurso profano em símbolos impessoais eternos, equivalentes às entidades pitagóricas imateriais e sagradas. Essas, demostradas pelo ato de fala, podem ser trocadas na ágora como bens simbólicos “purificados” entre cidadãos “pares”. A posse da verdade torna-se publicamente perceptível, “qualificando” o leigo pelo “déficit” simbólico, espiritual, moral, cognitivo, social. As linguagens lógico-matemáticas seguem ocultando as marcas linguísticas (pessoa, tempo e modalidade) do ator mortal que as profere. Na perspectiva quantitativa, histórica e progressista da Modernidade, a expressão da experiência e verdades antes incomensuráveis, torna-se unificada, previsível, replicável, incrementável, universal e capitalizável como divisas simbólicas. Antes portado apenas pela voz do filósofo, o ideal de reprodução é impulsado pela mecanização dos meios de comunicação: desde a imprensa até o sinal da comunicação digital, a verdade transmite-se com menor perda física, tempo e intervalo, a um público sempre mais numeroso e distante, enquanto a reprodução sócio-simbólica do cientista cresce exponencialmente. Contudo, nunca foram comprovadas a existência de uma comunicação absolutamente sem perda ou de uma unidade de sentido a priori ou naturalmente présegmentada, refutando uma diferença linguística irreversível entre científicos e leigos. Como o Hípaso de Metaponte da lenda pitagórica, divulgador efetivo da “imperfeição” dos números irracionais e origem humana da ciência, hoje os hackers expõem as falhas da linguagem computacional unívoca, a qual separa as sociedades ditas imaterial e material na “nova” ordem tecnológica informacional. / Science Popularization (SP) is generally justified by a language barrier, overcame by a “translation” that loses “pure” truth. We discuss this presupposition tracing the theoretical differences between so-called scientific and common languages, as well as their socio-historical construction. We assume SP is part of a Scientific Communication extended to both peers and non peers, in the perspective of knowledge accumulation, mainly based on Bourdieu's notions of symbolic capital and reproduction. We comprehend Scientists and laypersons as comparable actors, nevertheless socially distinct and not separated by any a priori, absolute, natural or innate characteristic. While it is admitted that early SP dates back to Galileo's and Fontenelle dialogs, the moderns prove firstly to be secretive. Heirs of Plato's Meno, they stick to a Pythagorean philosophy, as restricted to peers as the “artificial” Latin, even when they oppose to this the dialectic, innate and living logos, represented by romances. Against central papal power and scholastic university monopoly, moderns' universe quantification legitimates the emerging Mercantile European nations' sovereigns, who funded the official academies of science. The language of Galileo's Book of Nature is absolutely divine, above clergymen disputes and qualitative Bible interpretations. But it denies any scientific validity to lay expression of truth, then obstructing SP. Considering this, SP emerges in Athena during 6th-5th centuries BC, when rhetoric makes private dialectic enter the public arena, governed by democratic choices. Aristotle secularizes philosophico-scientific truth, imputing it to a human speech act, explicitly ruled by systematic univocity (one word=one meaning), which until now distinguishes scientific from common language. Term definition imposes to bivalent determination of truth and its communication the selection of a single correct meaning among possible ones, prefiguring an information theory yet without statistics. Combined with writing and agonistic dialog, univocity perpetuates social order trough symbolic settlement. Contrary to oracular ambiguity and physical violence, it transmits and accumulates truth according to an ideal of lossless reproduction. It translates parts of profane discourse into impersonal and eternal symbols, equivalent to Pythagorean entities, immaterial and sacred. Demonstrated trough a speech act, these can be exchanged in the agora, as “purified” symbolic goods, between citizen “peers”. Truth possession turns publicly perceptible, “qualifying” layperson by his symbolic, spiritual, moral, cognitive, then social “deficit”. Still, logico-mathematical languages hide the linguistic markers (person, tense, modality) of the mortal actor who utters them. In the quantitative, historical and progressive perspective of Modernity, the expression of incommensurable experiences and truths becomes unified and predictable, universal replicas that can be incremented and capitalized as symbolic currencies. Once restricted to philosophers' voice reach, the ideal of reproduction is boosted by the mechanization of communication techniques. From printing to the signal of digital communication, truth is transmitted with decreasing physical loss, time and interval, to an always more numerous and distant public, while scientists socio-symbolic reproduction grows exponentially. Nevertheless, neither lossless communication nor naturally pre-segmented or a priori units of meaning have ever proven to exist in absolute, refuting any impassable linguistic differences between laypersons and scientists. Just as Hippasus of Metapontum in the Pythagorean legend indeed popularized the “imperfection” of irrational numbers, betraying the human origin of Science, today's hackers expose the flaws of the univocal computing language, which divides our “new” informational and technological order into the so-called immaterial and material societies.