Orientador: Waldir Jose de Quadros / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-10T07:40:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Remy_MariaAlicePestanadeAguiar_M.pdf: 15454877 bytes, checksum: f22cb9de840957ff906c53d7d6dd4fcc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: Esta dissertação analisa a evolução da mobilidade da sociedade brasileira entre cinco estratos de renda, com base na alocação de todos os membros da família na faixa de renda de sua maior remuneração individual, durante o período 1981-2004. O pressuposto teórico consiste na crença de que a posição social das famílias está diretamente relacionada à inserção na sociedade de seu integrante de melhor remuneração. Os dados utilizados são os das Pesquisas Nacionais por Amostra de Domicílios (PNADs) a partir de 1981, coletados anualmente pelo IBGE, salvo para os anos em que inexistiu a pesquisa. Os principais resultados apontam para uma redução dos espaços sociais ou para o encolhimento da proporção de pessoas nos três estratos superiores de renda e ampliação dos dois estratos da base da pirâmide, numa trajetória descendente de famílias, ainda com baixo nível de rendimento individual. As famílias com crianças tiveram os piores desempenhos e a comparação entre as trajetórias de pessoas até a pré-adolescência registraram o pior desempenho durante o período 2000-2004. Por outro lado, também é possível constatar que o movimento de melhoria de renda ocorrido logo após aos dois maiores planos econômicos (Cruzado e Real) perderam o vigor ao longo do tempo / Abstract: This dissertation analyzes the evolution of Brazilian society mobility among five income brackets. It is based on the allocation of all family members with their highest individual earnings within their income bracket during the period of 1981 through 2004. The theoretical assumption builds its foundation on the fact that the family social status is directly related to the induction in society of the highest paying family member. The data is used from Pesquisas Nacionais por Amostra a Domicilio (PNADs) from 1981 on, collected annually by IBGE, except for the years in which the research was not performed. The main results point out to a reduction of social strata or proportionate shrinking of individuals on the top three income brackets and expansion of the bottom two of the pyramid, following a downward trajectory of families still with low individual earnings. Families with children had the worst performance and the comparison amongst individuals up to pre-adolescence amassed to the worst performance during the period of 2000-2004. On the other hand, it is possible to demonstrate that the upswing income improvement that took place immediately after the two economic plans (Cruzado and Real) lost momentum over time / Mestrado / Economia Social e do Trabalho / Mestre em Desenvolvimento Econômico

Este trabalho procura compreender o processo migratório de jovens dos municípios de Nova Bréscia e Coqueiro Baixo, localizados no Rio Grande do Sul/Brasil, em direção a centros urbanos do país e do exterior, envolvidos com o trabalho em churrascarias, através da formação de redes de mobilidade social. Baseados na perspectiva da compreensão do Espaço Geográfico que se aproxima do materialismo histórico, compreendendo a consubstanciação de fluxos no/pelo Espaço Geográfico, entendendo a rede como um fenômeno e um processo no entendimento e na construção da sociedade, pensada enquanto espaço e tempo, como uma forma de organizar o espaço sempre em movimento. O trabalho possui como uma das inquietudes a idéia de que o processo de expansão das churrascarias está relacionado à perseguição do capital, quando trabalhadores deixam as áreas rurais em que residem em direção aos centros urbanos, na procura de ascender socialmente, originando as redes de mobilidade social, constituindo-se as churrascarias como uma perspectiva de espaços de acolhimento para esses imigrantes. Esse processo de mobilidade social impulsionado e/ou entre-laçado pelas churrascarias parece se constituir num conjunto de modalidades pelas quais um grupo social compreende como a possibilidade de ocuparem novos espaços, proporcionadas pela mobilidade/oportunidade do trabalho, onde a perseguição do capital é um dos condicionantes (não o único) para a migração de trabalhadores do espaço rural para o espaço urbano, através da formação de redes migratórias. / The present work aims at understanding the migratory process of young people from Nova Bréscia and Coqueiro Baixo municipalities, located in Rio Grande do Sul/Brazil, in direction to urban centers inside the country and abroad. These people are involved in jobs at barbecue restaurants by the formation of social mobility networks. We are based on the perspective of the Geographical Space which is close to the historical materialism, understanding the consubstantiality of fluxes in/by the Geographical Space. We comprehend the network as a phenomenon and as a process in the understanding and in the construction of society; meant like space and time, as a form of organizing the space always in movement. The work has, as one of its questions, the idea that the expansion process of those barbecue restaurants is related to the pursuit of capital, when the workers leave the rural areas in which they reside towards the urban centers searching for social ascension. They create the networks of social mobility becoming the barbecue restaurants as a perspective of welcome spaces for those immigrants. This process of social mobility, encouraged and/or inter-related by the barbecue restaurants, seems to constitute a group of modalities by which a social group understands the possibility to occupy new spaces. Those opportunities are provided by the job mobility/ opportunity, where the search for capital is one of the determining factors (not the only one) for the workers migration from the rural area to an urban area by the formation of migrating networks.

FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgico / RESUMO Este trabalho tem como proposta estudar as representaÃÃes sociais sobre educaÃÃo construÃdas por alunos, professores e instituiÃÃes, procurando apreendÃ-las em suas formas conflitivas; situa os embates travados em relaÃÃo Ãs polÃticas de formaÃÃo de professores, e em particular, em relaÃÃo ao Curso de Licenciatura Plena do Ensino Fundamental (1 e 2 ciclos) da URCA. Nele buscam-se alternativas de respostas para as indagaÃÃes: como atores e instituiÃÃes incorporam as polÃticas oficiais para a educaÃÃo? Que significados sÃo construÃdos pelos docentes-alunos a partir da sua experiÃncia nesse Curso?. Foram usadas como referÃncia empÃrica as representaÃÃes sociais construÃdas por atores e instituiÃÃes. Para concretizar tal objetivo utilizou-se como categoria de anÃlise o conceito de RepresentaÃÃes Sociais, a noÃÃo de habitus e o conceito de campo de P. Bourdieu. Verificou-se que a compreensÃo do ato de educar e das prÃticas pedagÃgicas comportam uma dimensÃo tÃcnico-pedagÃgica com enfoque no ensino-aprendizagem, uma dimensÃo polÃtica que orienta para a transformaÃÃo social constituindo-se em utopia, e uma dimensÃo pragmÃtica pela qual a educaÃÃo à buscada como veÃculo de sobrevivÃncia e de mobilidade social. / ABSTRACT This work has the proposal to study the social representations about education constructed by pupils, teachers and institutions, trying to apprehend them in its conflictive forms; it situates the quarrels put in relation to the formation of teachers politics, and mainly in relation to the Full Licenciature of Fundamental Teaching Course (1rst and 2nd cicles) of URCA. In it, alternatives answers are searched for the questions: how actors and institutions incorporate the official politics for education? What meanings are constructed by the teachers-pupils based on their experience in this course? The social representations constructed by actors and institutions were used as empirical reference. To reach such an objective the concept of Social Representation, the habitus notion and the Pierre Bourdieu field concept were used as analysis categories. It was verified that the comprehension of the educational act and of the pedagogical practices involves a technical-pedagogic dimension with emphasis in the teaching-learning, a political dimension that leads to the social transformation, becoming an utopia and a pragmatic dimension for which education is looked for as a means to survival and social mobility.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2017-06-01T19:35:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 rafaeljosedepaulabraga.pdf: 841916 bytes, checksum: a3cc9fcc2f75c69eea94345e18ab6c73 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-06-02T15:59:47Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 rafaeljosedepaulabraga.pdf: 841916 bytes, checksum: a3cc9fcc2f75c69eea94345e18ab6c73 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-02T15:59:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 rafaeljosedepaulabraga.pdf: 841916 bytes, checksum: a3cc9fcc2f75c69eea94345e18ab6c73 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-04-26 / A venalidade de ofícios foi uma prática facilmente localizada e bastante difundida na monarquia espanhola, sendo utilizada pela Coroa como uma saída nos momentos de dificuldade financeira. No caso português, por sua vez, essa prática carece de pesquisa mais aprofundada, que busque perceber sua frequência e extensão. O presente trabalho procura exatamente determinar a existência da venalidade na administração lusitana e definir as maneiras pelas quais ela acontecia, focando sua análise nas Minas Gerais da primeira metade do século XVIII, período de institucionalização política da administração metropolitana na região e aumento da densidade populacional. Além disso, esse estudo quer também enxergar a venalidade na sociedade em que está inserida, baseando-se na virada historiográfica de autores como João Fragoso, Maria de Fátima Gouvêa e Fernanda Bicalho e no conceito de Antigo Regime nos Trópicos. Ideias como economia do dom, mercês, autoridades negociadas, monarquia pluricontinental e poderes municipais estão todas presentes na visão do meio social em que a venalidade cresceu e se desenvolveu, encaixando-se nesse meio o qual, a primeira vista, poderia parecer oposto a essa prática. Assim, busca-se perceber os aspectos e características principais que a venda de ofícios assumiu em território luso não de maneira isolada, mas sem nunca perder de vista a sociedade em que ela se faz presente. Uma sociedade em que possibilidades de ascensão social existiam e eram perseguidas, com a venalidade podendo ser utilizada com esse propósito de mobilidade. / The venality of occupations was an easily located and well spreaded practice in the Spanish monarchy, being used by the Crown as a way out at the moments of financial distress. In the Portuguese case, on other hand, that practice lacks of a deeper investigation, which seeks to notice its frequency and extension. This current paper looks exactly to determinate the existence of the venality in the Lusitanian administration and to define the ways in which it used to happen, focusing its analysis at the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais in the eighteen century first half, period of political institutionalization of the metropolitan administration in the region and a several increase of the populational density. Besides that, this study wants also see the venality at the society in which its inserted, based on the historiographic turn of authors like João Fragoso, Maria de Fátima Gouvêa and Fernanda Bicalho and in the concept of Ancient Regime at the Tropics. Ideas like gift economy, graces, negotiated authorities, pluricontinental monarchy and municipal rulings are all present at the vision of the social environment in which the venality grown and developed itself, fitting in that environment which, at first sight, could look straight opposite to that practice. It seeks, therefore, to notice the aspects and main qualities that the sale of occupations took in Lusitanian territory not in an isolated manner, but without losing sight of the society in which it makes itself present. A society in which possibilities of social rise existed and it were pursuit, with the venality being able to be used at that mobility purpose.

I denna uppsats undersöks den sociala rekryteringen till det svenska prästerskapet mellan åren 1826 och 1970. Forskningsproblemet är rotat i en bred metodologisk diskussion kring vad som egentligen utgör de historiska förutsättningarna för social rörlighet och vilket sätt som fungerar bäst för att komma fram till detta. En stor skiljelinje i den samtida forskningen gäller huruvida stora förändringar av samhället så som industrialisering och byggandet av en välfärdsstat över huvud taget påverkar förutsättningarna för uppåtgående social mobilitet.Uppsatsen undersöker social rekrytering genom tillämpningen av biografiska matriklar där präster är intecknade. Måtten på rörlighet som tillämpas ser till olika spridningar av efternamn och yrkesstatus hos prästernas föräldrar. Skiljelinjen i forskningsläget uttrycks som två olika teorier, Industrialiseringsteorin och Lagen om mobilitet. Den första menar att det går att förvänta sig markanta förändringar i den sociala rörligheten från och med industrialisering och den senare slår fast att social rörlighet är konstant över tid och okänslig för stora förändringar i samhället.Måtten som appliceras i uppsatsen erhålls från förespråkare av de två teorierna, dels för att jämföra måtten i sig och dels för att knyta samman metodologiska ansatser med hypoteser som jämte uppsatsens syfte får styra undersökningen. Resultatet visar att statliga reformer förknippade med industrialisering så som skiftesreformer har en avgörande effekt på materialet, men det står också klart att förändringar i själva samhällsyrket präster besitter också påverkar resultatet. Utöver detta står det också klart att social rörlighet i form av ökad representation av samhällsklasser sker oberoende av samhällsreformer sakta och konstant. Slutsatsen är att industrialisering har en tydlig effekt på social rörlighet men att rörligheten inom det svenska prästerskapet inte går att förklara ordentligt utan att ta hänsyn till utvecklingen av deras samhällsyrke. / The following essay explores the recruitment of Swedish priests between the years 1826 and 1970. The research problem stems from a broad methodological discussion among researchers concerned with what the historical preconditions for social mobility are, and how we are supposed to go about gauging it. A clear fault line between researchers concerns the impact of industrialization and the derivatives of it on social mobility, and whether historical change of this type actually influences upward social mobility at all.The source material utilized consists of biographical records on Swedish priests, using the data provided by these, the study measures social mobility by comparing the representation of surname groups and class attainment in the priest population over time. The identified fault in previous research is expressed by its division into two distinct theories: The Industrialization thesis and The law of mobility. The first theory states that changes in the rate of social mobility occurs in conjunction with industrialization and the latter states that the rate of mobility is constant over time.The applied measurements are procured from vocal supporters of both theories, partly in order to develop reasonable hypotheses for the essay, and partly to compare the measurements themselves. The results show that societal reforms associated with industrialization, explicitly those introduced by the government such as the rationalization of agriculture during the 19th century have a crucial effect on the distribution of surnames and class status. On the other hand, this change was slow and remarkably constant over longer time periods. The conclusion is that industrialization and its derivatives have a significant effect on social mobility, but that the mobility among the Swedish priesthood cannot be properly explained without taking the transformation that the role of priest underwent during the observed period.

The dissertation is entitled "Patronage and social mobility in the aristocracies of the Principate". Patronage is defined as a reciprocal exchange relationship between men of unequal social status (municipal patronage is excluded). The work falls into three parts. In the first the language of patronage (patronus, cliens, amicus, beneficium, etc.) is defined; the reciprocity ethic implicit in the language is described; and the spheres of social life in which the patronal ideology was applied by Romans are located. The core of the dissertation is devoted to a description of the patronage networks extending from the emperor through the imperial aristocracy to the provincial aristocracy (in particular, that of North Africa). At each level a description is offered of the economic, social and political goods and services exchanged and the types of people who entered into the patron-client relationships. Further, there is an attempt to show that the fact that Rome remained a patronal society in the Principate has broad implications: the distribution of a variety of offices and honors depended solely on patronage; senators continued to be important patrons distributing their own as well as imperial beneficia to their clients; senators and equites were bound together in a single patronal network; and patronage is perhaps the best explanation for the increasing entry of provincials into the imperial aristocracy. Traditionally it has been argued that the importance of patronage in the Principate was diminished by increasingly rigid bureaucratic machinery in which appointments and promotions were based on merit and especially seniority. Chapter three provides a demonstration that the influence of these bureaucratic criteria on senatorial and equestrian careers have been greatly overestimated and that there is no reason to minimize the effects of patronage.

Denna studie syftar till att förklara samt karaktärisera personalvetarstudenters framtida yrkesval. Syftet preciseras med hjälp av två frågeställningar: Vilka karriärval strävar personalvetarstudenter mot? och Hur visar sig relationen mellan karriärval och personalvetares habitus? Studiens utgångspunkt grundar sig i teorier om habitus påverkan på karriärval. Habitus omfattar social kontext, familjebakgrund, erfarenheter, möjligheter och maktspel inom de sociala rummen. Studien utgår även från tidigare forskning inom det valda området vilka utgörs av studier och artiklar som belyser karriärvalets komplexitet och dess olika påverkansfaktorer.Studiens empiri bygger på ett urval av 101 personalvetarstudenter vid Uppsala Universitet. För att kunna besvara frågeställningar har en typologi över studenterna förankrats. Den baseras på studenternas handlingsmönster varpå två distinkta typer kunde utläsas: strategen och den luststyrda. Studiens resultat indikerar att personalvetarstudenter strävar främst mot att arbeta inom välkända, stora företag som inger hög status och ger möjlighet till meningsfulla- och stimulerande arbetsuppgifter. Respondenterna är generellt mer benägna att socialt reproduceras, i enlighet med deras familjebakgrund, än att utföra en vertikal- eller horisontell förflyttning. Slutligen påvisar resultatet att respondenternas karriärval är påverkade av deras habitus trots att detta ofta ter sig omedvetet.

Typically nostalgia has been a valuable sales and marketing tool that has extended the life cycle of legacy brands. This study sought to determine how nostalgia could be leveraged to increase the willingness of consumers to adopt new brands. Support was sought to confirm that a positive impact of nostalgia as an influencing factor is that it increases consumer willingness to adopt new brands in emerging markets characterised by rapid social mobility This research clearly differentiated between the factors that drive consumption of physical products in relation the drivers of consumption of intangible services and illustrated that the benefits conspicuous consumption triggered by past deprivation is not limited to the acquisition of physical products. The results of this qualitative research, which was conducted through face-to-face in-depth interviews with south African consumers, provides new insights that can be used by businesses to leverage the ability of nostalgia to drive exploratory consumer behaviour and growth in emerging markets where upward social mobility has resulted in increased spending power. Additionally the research found that the advent of social media has facilitated the development of nostalgic, virtual, verbal consumption; essentially it can be regarded as an extension of word-of-mouth referral. This online socialisation is increasingly driven by the aspiration of the upwardly mobile populations that characterise emerging markets and is closely aligned with nostalgic memories from the past. In summary the findings of this research confirmed the ability of nostalgia to drive new brand adoption and demonstrated that through nostalgic virtual verbal socialisation, even non-tangible service and information goods are conspicuously consumed by the upwardly mobile consumers in South Africa. / Dissertation (MBA) --University of Pretoria, 2014. / zkgibs2015 / Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS) / MBA / Unrestricted

Orientador: Robert Wayne Andrew Slenes / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T03:55:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fraccaro_LauraCandian_M.pdf: 1045553 bytes, checksum: 0dcb45d29030b5c8e37a4cbdabd9095a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: A Vila de São Carlos, atualmente Campinas, passou por transformações intensas durante todo o século XIX. Em menos de meio século, a economia da Vila de São Carlos passou de um modo doméstico de produção para uma economia baseada no valor de mercado. Já na década de 1830, conseguiu se estabelecer como produtora de um terço da produção de açúcar da província de São Paulo. As terras passaram a ser disputadas por grandes produtores que, de diversas maneiras, buscavam retirar os pequenos agricultores de suas propriedades. Os libertos que na terra trabalhavam conviviam com a ameaça de perder sua produção e de se endividar. O comércio feito por libertas passou a ser regulado, fiscalizado e perseguido tanto pelas autoridades como por outros comerciantes. Como trabalhadores livres, os egressos da escravidão e seus descendentes viram a precariedade se instalar em suas vidas. Na busca para entender como esse processo do capitalismo afetou diretamente a trajetória dessas pessoas, analiso os diferentes padrões de acumulação alcançados por diferentes gerações e as suas respectivas estratégias para garantir a subsistência. A metodologia estabelecida foi o cruzamento nominativo, no qual cruzo os nomes de pessoas relacionadas como pardas encontradas nas Listas de Habitantes da Vila de São Carlos de 1801 e 1829 com os processos da base de dados do Tribunal de Justiça de Campinas / Abstract: The township of San Carlos, now Campinas, went through intense changes during the 19th century. In less than 50 years, it went from a domestic mode of production to an economy based on exchange and market value. In the 1830s, it produced one-third of the production of sugar of the province of Sao Paulo. The land began to be disputed by large producers who sought in various ways to remove small farmers from their properties. The freedmen who worked the land, lived with the threat of losing their means of production, and of falling into debt. In this process of social and economic expropriation of the lower classes, the freedwomen engaged in commerce were subjected to increasing regulation and supervision and were harassed by the authorities as well as by other merchants. As free workers, freed slaves and their descendants saw their lives become more and more precarious. Seeking to understand how the advance of capitalism directly affected the trajectory of these people, I analyze the different patterns of accumulation and strategies for survival that characterized different generations The methodology applied was that of nominative record linkage names of people identified as "pardos" in the Lists of Inhabitants of the township of San Carlos, between 1801 and 1829 were cross-referenced with the names of the principal judicial and probate documents / Mestrado / Historia Social / Mestra em História

Orientador: Joice Melo Vieira / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-27T07:44:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Longo_FlaviaVitor_M.pdf: 2658832 bytes, checksum: 7de2667bf19caf4f7498f84615b14006 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Resumo: A mobilidade educacional intergeracional é definida neste estudo como a diferença de nível educacional encontrada entre mães e filhos. Se a escolaridade dos filhos supera a das mães temos casos de mobilidades intergeracional ascendente. O objetivo deste estudo é explorar quais são os fatores que contribuem para que adolescentes de 16 a 19 anos cujas mães alcançaram no máximo o Ensino Fundamental Incompleto concluam pelo menos o Ensino Fundamental. Os dados são provenientes da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios de 1996 e 2012. Por meio de análises descritivas e regressão logística binária observa-se que a cor, a região de residência e a renda tiveram maior influência sobre a mobilidade em 1996 do que em 2012 / Abstract: Intergenerational educational mobility is defined in study as the difference between educational level of mother and their children. If children¿s schooling exceeds that one of their mothers, so, we have cases of upward intergenerational mobility. This study aims to explore what are the factors that contributes for adolescents aged 16 to 19 whose mothers reached Incomplete Elementary School or even has no instruction, can conclude at least Elementary School. Data are from PNAD (Household National Sampling Survey) 1996 and 2012. Through descriptive analyzes and binary logistic regression, observes that color, region of residence and income had greatest influence on mobility in 1996 than 2012 / Mestrado / Demografia / Mestra em Demografia