No description available.

No description available.

This diploma thesis deals with the possibilities of using graphic novel in German language teaching (teaching German as a foreign language). The main premise of this thesis is that graphic novel, as a multimodal medium and a phenomenon of current literature, has a wide potential for the German (and other foreign languages) classroom. The goal of the thesis is to design a didactic material respecting the specific qualities of graphic novel and drawing upon its potential. The first chapter serves as an introduction, exploring graphic novel as a medium, as a phenomenon of current literature and as a pedagogical tool. The term is defined and put into context. In the second chapter, the method of a review study is employed to explore how graphic novel is used in the foreign language classroom. The systematic review has shown that it is possible to use graphic novel as a tool for achieving the objectives of foreign language teaching and learning - the language aims (through vocabulary acquistition, reading skills development and creative writing) as well as the cognitive and formative aims (through the development of literacies, cultural and historical awareness, intercultural competence and citizienship). Moreover, graphic novel proved to be positive influence on motivation. The third chapter uses the...

Sous l’hypothèse de Riemann généralisée et l’hypothèse d’indépendance linéaire, Rubinstein et Sarnak ont prouvé que les valeurs de x > 1 pour lesquelles nous avons plus de nombres premiers de la forme 4n + 3 que de nombres premiers de la forme 4n + 1 en dessous de x ont une densité logarithmique d’environ 99,59%. En général, l’étude de la différence #{p < x : p dans A} − #{p < x : p dans B} pour deux sous-ensembles de nombres premiers A et B s’appelle la course entre les nombres premiers de A et de B. Dans ce mémoire, nous cherchons ultimement à analyser d’un point de vue numérique et statistique la course entre les nombres premiers p tels que 2p + 1 est aussi premier (aussi appelés nombres premiers de Sophie Germain) et les nombres premiers p tels que 2p − 1 est aussi premier. Pour ce faire, nous présentons au préalable l’analyse de Rubinstein et Sarnak pour pouvoir repérer d’où vient le biais dans la course entre les nombres premiers 1 (mod 4) et les nombres premiers 3 (mod 4) et émettons une conjecture sur la distribution des nombres premiers de Sophie Germain. / Under the Generalized Riemann Hypothesis and the Linear Independence Hypothesis, Rubinstein and Sarnak proved that the values of x which have more prime numbers less than or equal to x of the form 4n + 3 than primes of the form 4n + 1 have a logarithmic density of approximately 99.59%. In general, the study of the difference #{p < x : p in A} − #{p < x : p in B} for two subsets of the primes A and B is called the prime number race between A and B. In this thesis, we will analyze the prime number race between the primes p such that 2p + 1 is also prime (these primes are called the Sophie Germain primes) and the primes p such that 2p − 1 is also prime. To understand this, we first present Rubinstein and Sarnak’s analysis to understand where the bias between primes that are 1 (mod 4) and the ones that are 3 (mod 4) comes from and give a conjecture on the distribution of Sophie Germain primes.

Definitions of celebrity authorship and material textuality at the turn of the twenty-first century have predominantly emphasised the implicitly negative aspects of contemporary developments in the literary marketplace. Particularly prominent are arguments that the practice of authorship has become subject to homogenisation by the matrix of celebrity in which successful writers are now expected to function; and, further, that the changing nature of texts themselves and the ways in which they are marketed is eroding the implicitly superior position traditionally held by literature in the cultural marketplace. This thesis views such readings as pessimistic, and offers an alternative, seeking to formulate a new critical approach to literary value in the contemporary sphere which would appreciate notions of celebrity, populism, and digital mediation as integral and productive aspects of how literary value is formed today. Through in-depth focus on the cases of a number of unconventional contemporary American authors whose work demonstrates differing, innovative approaches to the process of authorship, this thesis exposes the ways in which contemporary, atypically ‘literary’ instances of writing can and do work within and develop beyond traditional conceptualisations of authorship and literary value. Bret Easton Ellis and Jay McInerney, largely critically considered prototypical ‘celebrity’ authors, are in the first chapter reconsidered as writers whose understanding of their position within the literary marketplace affords them a self-conscious, critical perspective on the notion of celebrity in their work and public personae. The productively self-conscious author-figure is reconsidered in the second chapter, which reads the individual and joint works of author Paul Auster and visual artist Sophie Calle as foregrounding the process of creative collaboration as uniquely illuminating and transformative within the contemporary literary sphere. The notion of dual authorship is revisited and reconceptualised in the third chapter, which considers JT LeRoy and the practice of hoax authorship, outlining how this process forces the reformulation of literary value, particularly in a contemporary setting in which authors are accountable for their work in newer, more visible ways. The final chapter expands these previously-introduced themes to consider bloggers-turned-authors, particularly Tucker Max and Julie Powell, and the impact of the merging of old and new textualities on both the orientation of the figure of the writer and the way in which value is attached to his texts by readers. Ultimately, the unconventional nature of these examples is shown to belie the universality of the representations of value they enact, contributing to a full and salient account of how literary value is determined at the beginning of the twenty-first century.

Cette thèse porte sur les transgressions discursives, esthétiques et sociales de la frontière entre la vie privée et la vie publique effectuées par les créatrices françaises contemporaines Sophie Calle et Annie Ernaux. Dans une perspective féministe qui s’appuie sur les théories du quotidien, la thèse pose les questions suivantes : quelles libertés peut se permettre la femme-artiste ou l’écrivaine aujourd’hui ? Où, comment, et par qui se dessinent les limites éthiques de la création ? À la lumière des représentations souvent stéréotypées de la femme criminelle, le premier chapitre dégage de la réception des œuvres de Calle et d’Ernaux les « crimes » – entre autres, d’obscénité, d’impudeur et d’indécence – dont elles ont été accusées par la critique. Les trois chapitres suivants ciblent les diverses manières subversives et innovatrices dont Calle et Ernaux déjouent les perceptions acceptées de la féminité pour s’assurer la liberté totale en création : elles se construisent en flâneuses maniant la photographie ou l’écriture photographique comme une arme, en amoureuses blessées qui se vengent de leurs amants, et en théoriciennes manipulant les modalités de leur propre inscription dans les canons littéraires et artistiques. Cette thèse analyse au fil des chapitres les échos des œuvres de Calle et d’Ernaux au plan social, insistant sur le rapport fécond qui existe entre l’œuvre d’art et son cadre, interrogeant l’ethos de l’artiste et celui de l’art. Sophie Calle et Annie Ernaux répondent avec force à la nécessité de se positionner autrement face à l’art en tant que femme, notamment, en proposant l’art et l’écriture comme hors la loi. La conclusion étudie dans cette optique le phénomène récent de la « judiciarisation » de l’art. En examinant certains procès intentés depuis 2010 à des artistes, des écrivaines, des commissaires d’exposition et des maisons d’édition françaises, cette thèse questionne finalement les risques et les violences de la représentation tels qu’ils sont désignés par la loi. / This dissertation analyzes how contemporary French artist Sophie Calle and contemporary French writer Annie Ernaux transgress the discursive, aesthetic, and social boundaries between public and private life. Taking a feminist perspective and drawing on theories of everyday life, this dissertation asks: what liberties are the female artist and writer permitted today? Where, how and by whom are the ethical limits of creative practice established? In light of often stereotypical literary and artistic representations of the female criminal, the first chapter examines the accusations of obscenity, shamelessness and indecency levelled against Calle and Ernaux by their critics. The following three chapters identify the diverse, innovative and subversive ways in which Calle and Ernaux question accepted perceptions of femininity in order to seize creative freedom: they assume the distinct and tactical positions of flâneuses, heart-broken women avenging their ex-lovers, and theorists manipulating the reception of their own works. Together, these four chapters trace the artwork’s resonance in the public sphere, insist on the fruitful relationship that exists between a work of art and its frame, and consider the ethos of the artist as well as that of art. Sophie Calle’s and Annie Ernaux’s practices suggest that in order to achieve creative autonomy, art and writing must function outside of the constraints of moral, ethical, social and even civil laws. By examining instances in which artists, writers, curators and publishing houses have been subject to lawsuits in France since 2010, the conclusion of this dissertation studies a recent increase in the litigation of art and outlines some of the limits of representation as defined by the law.

Ce mémoire de maîtrise porte principalement sur les œuvres des artistes Sophie Calle, Sylvie Cotton, Donigan Cumming, Martin Dufrasne et Marc-Antoine K. Phaneuf. L’objectif de cette recherche est d’observer les différents allers-retours qu’ils effectuent dans leur pratique entre la sphère privée et la sphère publique et qui problématisent notre rapport à l’intimité. Dans le premier chapitre, je déterminerai ce qui caractérise respectivement l’espace public et l’espace privé, pour ensuite cibler les lieux et les figures de l’intime. Dans le deuxième chapitre, seront étudiés les gestes et les méthodes d’appropriation de la sphère privée par les artistes à l’aide de la pratique de la collection, la pratique ethnographique ainsi que la pratique de la surveillance. L’impact de ces pratiques sur l’investissement de l’artiste dans la durée est relevé, ainsi que leur inscription dans un art dit contextuel. Enfin, je terminerai par une réflexion sur ma propre pratique, en considérant ce qui l’apparente et la distingue des artistes étudiés dans celui-ci. / This Master’s thesis deals with the works of artists Sophie Calle, Sylvie Cotton, Donigan Cumming, Martin Dufrasne, and Marc-Antoine K. Phaneuf. The objective of this research is to observe the back and forth explored by the artists in their practices between the private and the public sphere and how these problematize our relationship with intimacy. In the first chapter, I will determine the elements that respectively characterize the public and the private space, and then find the places and forms that define intimacy. In the second chapter, I will examine the private sphere's appropriation gestures and methods employed by the artists through a study of collecting, ethnographic, and surveillance practices. I will underline the impact of such practices on the artists' investment in time and their implication in contextual art. Finally, I will deliberate on my very own practices, considering how they differentiate or resemble the practices of the artists studied in this memoir.

Le présent mémoire propose de croiser les démarches de deux auteures et artistes contemporaines, Sophie Calle et Miranda July, dont les quatre œuvres à l’étude – Douleur exquise (2003), Aveugles (2011), Rachel, Monique (2012) de Calle et Il vous choisit (2013) de July – se fondent sur des expériences en amont de l’écriture qui mobilisent le corps même des auteures, les engagent dans une action concrète et, bien souvent, dans des interactions avec autrui. Cet art de la contrainte, cet art action qui devient le sédiment de leurs écrits s’inscrit dans la filiation hypothétique des théories du philosophe pragmatique John Dewey et de celles de l’artiste Allan Kaprow – l’un des premiers à réfléchir l’art de la performance. L’écriture intermédiale qu’elles pratiquent – ce jeu de relations entre différents médias au sein même de l’œuvre – permet à la fois de réactiver la valeur performative de l’expérience qui a impulsé la création littéraire et d’embrayer une expérience de lecture qui devient elle-même performative. Exemplaires d’une esthétique relationnelle, polyphoniques dans les voix qui s’expriment, les quatre ouvrages du corpus donnent à sentir le bruissement d’une communauté. Il s’agit d’une littérature interdisciplinaire et intersubjective, mais surtout performative dans son questionnement incessant sur le pouvoir de l’art pour transformer la vie. / This master’s thesis proposes to establish a dialogue between the practices of two contemporary writers and artists, Sophie Calle and Miranda July. The four studied pieces of work – Calle’s Douleur exquise (2003), Aveugles (2011) and Rachel, Monique (2012) and July’s Il vous choisit (2013) – are based on concrete experiences occurring beforehand, prior to the act of writing itself. Those experiences mobilize the body of the writers engaging them in a real action and often in interactions with other people. This form of action art becomes the foundations of their writing and could be linked to the theories of pragmatic philosopher John Dewey and artist Allan Kaprow – one of the first to develop a reflexion on performance art. The intermedial writing that Calle and July practice as a game of relations between different medias in the same work allows both artists to revive the performative value of the experience. It impulses the writing and initiates a reading experience which itself becomes performative. Exemplary of a relational aesthetic, polyphonic in the voices that are expressed, the studied body of work reveals glimpses of community to feel and experiment. It is a literature that is interdisciplinary and intersubjective but primarily performative in its constant questioning of art’s capacity to transform life.

The subject of the thesis is the epistolary novel genre in the works of German and Dutch female writers Sophie von La Roche, Betje Wolff and Aagje Deken. This narrative genre continued the former novelistic tradition and is inseparably connected with epistolary culture, sentimentalism, cult of friendship and the name of the English novelist Samuel Richardson. It attracted readers' attention, especially of female audience in the period of social changes based on ideas of the Enlightenment and its philosophy. In the second half of the 18th century it became the most popular genre. Thanks to its characteristics it became the medium of female opinions' and feelings' presentation in times of the beginning women's emancipation as well as the genre which enabled more women to enter the field of literature. The issue of the thesis is the comparative analysis and interpretation of two most successful novels of the women writers in the bordering countries with cultural influences: the first German professional women writer La Roche and her novel Geschichte des Fräuleins von Sternheim and the Dutch author couple Wolff a Deken and their collective work Historie van mejuffrouw Sara Burgerhart.

No description available.