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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Review of the problem of polypharmacy in the elderly patients at speciality outpatient department /

Chow, Wing-kwan, Donna. January 2002 (has links)
Thesis (M. Med. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 55-61).
12

Review of the problem of polypharmacy in the elderly patients at speciality outpatient department

Chow, Wing-kwan, Donna. January 2002 (has links)
Thesis (M.Med.Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 55-61). Also available in print.
13

Efeitos dos exercicios domiciliares em pacientes portadores de doença de Parkinson / Effects of home exercises in patients with Parkinson's disease

Lopes, Tiaki Maki 15 August 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Maria Aparecida Barasnevicius Quagliato / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-15T17:28:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lopes_TiakiMaki_D.pdf: 3375712 bytes, checksum: 3e104e289baa3218ed02990cb326bc3e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: O objetivo do estudo foi desenvolver um programa de exercícios domiciliares, avaliar a sua aceitação pelos pacientes com doença de Parkinson (DP), investigar as condições socioeconômicas dos pacientes estudados, além de observar os efeitos do programa de exercícios realizados em casa no que diz respeito aos sinais e sintomas da DP; equilíbrio, atividades de vida diária, qualidade de vida e depressão. 57 pacientes foram recrutados do ambulatório de distúrbios do movimento do hospital das clínicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp), e do ambulatório de neurologia do Hospital Luzia de Pinho Melo do município de Mogi das Cruzes, os quais foram alocados em dois grupos: grupo de exercícios (GE) e grupo controle (GC). As seguintes avaliações foram realizadas nos pacientes: UPDRS, escala de equilíbrio de Berg, Índice da marcha dinâmica, PDQ-39, Schwab & England, e inventário de depressão de Beck. Todos os pacientes foram avaliados antes do treinamento (semana 0), após dez semanas do treinamento dos exercícios domiciliares (semana 10), e após oito semanas do término dos exercícios (semana 18). Após a segunda avaliação, os pacientes responderam um questionário sobre o programa de exercícios realizados em casa. 47 pacientes aderiram ao programa de exercícios domiciliares e foram alocados para o GE (12 mulheres, 35 homens; média de idade de 62,5 anos), e os outros dez pacientes que abandonaram o programa de exercícios domiciliares, foram alocados para o grupo controle (7 mulheres, 3 homens; média de idade de 65,7 anos). Após o término do programa de exercícios domiciliares, os pacientes do grupo de exercícios apresentaram melhora estatisticamente significante nos sinais e sintomas da DP, no equilíbrio e na marcha, nas atividades de vida diárias, na qualidade de vida e na depressão. Foi concluído que o programa de exercícios domiciliares auxilia os pacientes com DP a melhorar a performance motora, o equilíbrio, a qualidade de vida, as atividades de vida diárias e a depressão, mostrando a importância dessa população em se exercitar de forma constante e independente, e os exercícios domiciliares apresentaram uma boa aceitação nessa população de pacientes com DP / Abstract: The purpose of this study was to develop a program of home exercises, to assess its acceptance by patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and to investigate the economic situation of these patients, and the possible effect of home exercises on signs and symptoms of PD, balance, functional daily activities, quality of life and depression. 57 patients were recruited from the Ambulatory of Movement Disorders of State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), and were allocated in two groups: exercise group (GE) and Control Group (CG). The following assessments were performed on patients: UPDRS, Berg Scale of Balance, Dinamic Gait Index, PDQ-39, Schwab & England, and Beck Depression Inventory. All patients were evaluated at baseline (week 0), after ten weeks of training with home exercises (week 10), and after 8 weeks . After the second assessment, the patients answered a questionnaire about the exercise program carried out at home. 47 patients accepted the home exercises and were allocated in the exercise group (12 women, 35 men; mean age, 62,5 years), and the others 10 patients were allocated to a control group (7 women, 3 men; mean age 65,7 years). Following the home exercise program, the patients of exercise group, showed statistically significant improvement of signs and symptoms of Parkinson's, balance, functional daily activities, quality of life, and depression. It was concluded that home exercises helps patients with Parkinson's disease to improve motor performance, balance and quality of life, showing the importance of constant and independent exercising for this population, and the home exercises had a good acceptance by these PD population / Doutorado / Ciencias Biomedicas / Doutor em Ciências Médicas
14

Male consumers’ evaluation of apparel assortments in South African speciality stores

Van Belkum, Mareli January 2016 (has links)
Consumer behaviour and spending habits have changed drastically post-recession. This has affected how retailers conduct their business, driving retailers’ focus towards providing customers with the value they require. One way in which retailers can offer such value is through the implementation of advanced product assortment. Product assortments influence consumers’ purchasing decisions and their preferences for particular retailers, thereby making it an important factor in retailers’ strategy to maintain their success. Retailers’ product assortments which focus on male apparel consumers, such as speciality stores, are of particular importance as men represent a lucrative segment of the apparel industry. Speciality stores specialise in specific merchandise such as menswear and develop their apparel assortment to concentrate on certain customers such as male consumers. Although men are becoming more prevalent in retail venues and have taken responsibility for their own apparel shopping, research regarding male apparel consumers and their purchasing behaviour, particularly within the context of South Africa, is scarce. The purpose of this study was to explore and describe the product attributes used by male consumers when evaluating apparel product assortment of South African speciality stores. The evaluation stage of the decision making process formed the basis of this study. Therefore, it was decided that the consumer decision making framework would be best suited as the theoretical framework. Namely, the consumer behaviour model of Hawkins and Mothersbaugh (2013) was used to guide the study. During the evaluation stage of the consumer decision making process, male consumers will use product attributes they consider important when evaluating the product assortment of speciality stores. Product attributes include intrinsic and extrinsic product attributes and male apparel consumers will employ the use of compensatory decision rules, allowing them to make trade-offs among these attributes. The study employed an exploratory survey research design which was quantitative in nature. Non-probability sampling methods were used to collect the necessary data for the study. This included convenience and snowball sampling. Respondents completed a structured questionnaire which was developed according to the constructs implemented in the study and administered in a paper based and online electronic form. The sample included 204 male consumers, located in the greater Tshwane area, Gauteng. The majority of the sample were between the ages of 20-29, representing a relatively young sample. Conjoint analysis and exploratory factor analysis was applied to gain insight regarding the product attributes South African male apparel consumers apply when evaluating speciality stores’ product assortment. The conjoint analysis technique allows consumers to make trade-offs among attributes as they compare one attribute to another while evaluating assortments, thereby providing an indication of their actual preference structure. Cluster analysis was also performed on the conjoint data to provide additional information regarding male consumers’ preferences when evaluating speciality stores’ product assortment. By combining conjoint analysis with cluster analyses, the findings provided valuable information regarding the segmentation and socio-economic factors that may affect consumers’ preferences. The results of the study indicated that South African male consumers employed both intrinsic and extrinsic product attributes when evaluating speciality stores’ product assortment. During the conjoint analysis, brand (extrinsic attribute) was the most important attribute among male consumers when making trade-offs between intrinsic and extrinsic product attributes. Male consumers’ preference for brand is an indication of brand consciousness. Style (intrinsic attribute) was the second most preferred attribute, followed by store image (extrinsic attribute). The exploratory factor analysis rendered three factors, labelled “Prestige sensitivity”, “Added value” and “Importance of fit”. These factors were a further indication of the evaluative criteria male consumers consider important when evaluating and selecting speciality stores’ product assortment. The results from the cluster analysis identified a four cluster solution, namely: style guys, cluster origin guys, brand loyalist and colour guys. This demonstrates that different consumer groups have distinct preferences when evaluating speciality stores’ product assortment. The study adds value and insight to current literature regarding male consumer behaviour and their preferences for certain intrinsic and extrinsic product attributes when evaluating speciality stores’ product assortment. This research can be beneficial to manufacturers, retailers and marketers who seek to enhance their merchandise mix by offering customised product assortments, improve advertising campaigns and ensure well trained sales staff. / Dissertation (MConsumer Science)--University of Pretoria, 2016. / Consumer Science / MConsumer Science / Unrestricted
15

Post-operative infections and obstacles to care for pediatric cardiac surgery patients in Hyderabad, India

Kunapareddy, Srujana Vuyyuru 12 May 2020 (has links)
BACKGROUND: In India, an estimated 200,000 congenital heart defects are diagnosed each year but only 50 pediatric cardiac health centers exist with capacity to perform pediatric cardiac surgeries (PCS). Majority of the centers are private and have high cost of care. Hrudaya Foundation, a non-profit, was started to cover in-hospital costs of pediatric cardiac surgery for poor families. For the study, risk factors of post-operative infection (major outcome of PCS) were evaluated and gaps in care faced by Hrudaya Foundation patients were identified. METHODS: To identify risk factors associated with POI, retrospective cohort study was conducted. Medical records and foundation notes of 1028 interventional CATH and open heart surgery patients were examined. Chisq tests and logistic regressions on socio-economic and clinical factors were run to identify risk factors of POI for open heart surgery patients. The study also tested associations of patients’ community characteristics with pre-operative conditions and POI, like lack of access to improved latrines, distance to hospital, under & unemployment rate, and maternal illiteracy rates. To identify gaps in care, the study collected and analyzed interviews with 11 staff and 27 parents. The semi-structured interviews focused on care pathway from birth to post-discharge follow-up, financial obstacles, and an asset assessment. RESULTS: Pediatric open heart surgery patients had a 19% post-operative infection rate and a 5% mortality rate. Post-operative infections were significantly associated with age of 12 months and under, severely underweight, history of prior cardiac intervention, high risk surgery (RACHS-1 score 3 & 4), delayed sternal closure, and re-operation within same admission when the other risk factors were kept constant. POI did not have a statistically significant correlation with community level characteristics. The study found several gaps in care. Parents had difficulty getting a referral to affordable specialty cardiac care after diagnosis. Even after a referral to Hrudaya Foundation, parents still had to borrow large sums of money due to travel, lodging, and follow-up expenses. Financial constraints created barriers to maintain wellness before and after intervention. Most parents did not have consistent income and they were not aware of many assets in their communities. CONCLUSION: Patients with significant risk factors for POI should have more aggressive infection management. Though close to 41% of the sample were severely underweight, the risk factor was not recognized as actionable. Patients should get nutrition supplementation prior to surgery admission and parents should be notified of their child’s malnutrition status at discharge. Additionally, BPL parents need additional resource and system navigation assistance to reduce financial constraints and maintain their child’s follow-up care and nutrition. / 2021-05-12T00:00:00Z
16

Customer Relationship Management within the Industry of Speciality Stores : How customer loyalty can be explained by satisfaction, trust and commitment

Thörnblad, Andreas, Ahlmén, Marcus, Jönsson, Petter January 2012 (has links)
The purpose of this thesis is to explain how satisfaction, trust and commitment impacts customer retention and word-of-mouth communication within the industry of Speciality Stores. The study takes off from a historical perspective where the development of marketing is presented, which ultimately leads to customer relationship management (CRM). The study raises the components of customer loyalty and the difficulties of how to build successful customer relationships within the industry of Speciality Stores. A survey questionnaire is conducted and distributed digitally to respondents that are customers of an anonymous company within the industry under investigation. The main findings in this study are that companies within the industry of Speciality Stores can achieve word-of-mouth communication through customer satisfaction and trust. The study also finds that the features of customer satisfaction have a stronger impact on word-of-mouth communication than the features of trust. This means that it is these features of the ones treated in this study that companies within the industry of Speciality Stores should enact in order to best achieve word-of-mouth communication among its customers.
17

Burnos higienos specialybės studentų požiūris į karjeros galimybes / Attitude of oral hygiene students toward career opportunities

Borneikienė, Ritmantė 05 June 2013 (has links)
Darbo tikslas: įvertinti burnos higienos specialybės studentų požiūrį į karjeros galimybes. Tyrimo metodika: vienmomentinė anketinė apklausa buvo vykdoma Lietuvos sveikatos mokslų universitete, Kauno kolegijoje, Utenos kolegijoje, Šiaulių valstybinėje kolegijoje, Panevėžio kolegijoje 2012 m. vasario – rugsėjo mėn. Buvo apklausti visi paskutinių kursų burnos higienos studijų studentai, studijuojantys Lietuvos sveikatos mokslų universitete, Kauno kolegijoje, Panevėžio kolegijoje, Šiaulių valstybinėje kolegijoje, Utenos kolegijoje. Išdalintos 205 anketos. Statistinėje analizėje buvo naudotos 144 teisingai užpildytos anketos (atsako dažnis 70,2 proc.). Duomenys analizuoti programa SPSS, 20 versija. Rezultatai: Burnos higienos specialybės studentams (70,9 proc.) karjera yra svarbi jų gyvenime. Daugiau nei trečdalis (35,2 proc.) studentų burnos higienisto darbo jau ieškojo ir daugiau nei pusė (59,3 proc.) jo nerado. Nustatyta, jog daugiau nei penktadalis (21,7 proc.) studentų ketina išvykti dirbti burnos higienisto darbą į užsienio šalis ir daugiau nei pusė (53,1 proc.) dar svarsto tokią galimybę. Paaiškėjo, kad daugiau nei ketvirtadalis (26,8 proc.) studentų nesitiki įsidarbinti Lietuvoje pagal įgytą specialybę. Daugiau nei pusė dalyvavusių studentų burnos higienos studijomis yra patenkinti, o daugiau nei trečdalis studentų nepatenkinti. Didžioji dauguma (98,9 proc.) skundėsi praktinių užsiėmimų stoka. Daugiau nei pusė universiteto studentų (66,7 proc.) studijuoja šioje... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Aim of research: to assess the attitude of oral hygiene students toward career opportunities. Research methods: The cross-sectional survey was conducted at Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas University of Applied Sciences, Utena University of Applied Sciences, Šiauliai State College and Panevėžys College from February to September, 2012. All final-year oral hygiene students of the aforementioned institutions were surveyed. 205 questionnaires were distributed. The statistical analysis encompassed 144 properly filled questionnaires (response rate 70.2%). The data was analyzed with SPSS Software, version 20. Results: the majority of oral hygiene students emphasized importance of career in their lives (70.9%). More than one-third of students (35.2%) had already been looking for an oral hygiene specialist job and more than half of respondents (59.3%) had not found it. It was revealed that more than one-fifth of students (21.7%) had been planning to work as oral hygiene specialists abroad and more than half of them (53.1%) had been considering the aforementioned opportunity. It emerged that more than one-fourth of respondents (26.8%) had no employment expectations regarding their acquired profession in Lithuania. More than half of students were satisfied with oral hygiene studies, whereas more than one-third of them felt disatisfied. The vast majority of respondents (98.9%) complained about a lack of practice activities. More than half of students (66.7%) study oral... [to full text]
18

Comportamento do assoalho pélvico pré e pós radioterapia em mulheres com câncer ginecológico / Pelvic floor behavior pre and pos radiotherapy on women with gynecologic cancer

Toriy, Ariana Machado 10 December 2014 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-12T17:32:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ariana Toriy.pdf: 1239060 bytes, checksum: 3cbfca4f92a242a2d22f242d3393d9c2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-12-10 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Gynecologic cancer comprises malignant neoplasms of cervical, uterine body, ovaries, endometrium, vagina and vulva. On Brazil, more than 15.000 women had at least one type of gynecologic cancer. This show a serious public health problem, once cervical cancer is associated with human papillomavirus (HPV), wich is common in developing countries. The treatments for gyencologic cancer includes surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy. One of most concerning caracteristics after treatment with pelvic radiation therapy on gynecologic cancer is the effects involving pelvic floor dysfunction. Foremost possible repercussion no pelvic floor, this study aimed to evaluate the pelvic floor function and compare short-term behavior in women with gynecologic cancer before and after radiation therapy. To composse this study 20 women diagnosed with gynecologic cancer between 18 and 70 years old, residente on great Florianópolis were included in this study. The evaluation was divided in two periods, first before radiation therapy and the second after the treatment. Pelvic Floor evaluation was realized in two steps: digital palpation by the PERFECT scheme (on item power was used Oxford Modified Scale) and evaluation with surface electromyography. Descriptive analysis was performed by the mean and standard deviation, while categorical variables were analyzed with simple and relative frequency. For comparison between pre and post periods was employed paired T test and Wilcoxon, according data distribuition. On electromyography, the signals were analyzed on Matlab (The MathWorks®®, version 5.3). The onset acquisition (basal 14 ac tivity), isotonic and isometric contractions were analyzed using RMS calculation. At this analysis a 20-450Hz bandpass filter was used. The RMS values were calculated by sliding window of 100 ms (200 data), moved in 0,5 ms in each data set. The results pointed that Strenght, Endurance and Rapid showed lower values after radiation therapy, in short-term Power was the sigificantly smaller variable after radiation therapy treatment. Isotonic contraction presented significantly lower values after radiation therapy period. It concludes that radiation therapy treatment for gyencologic cancer decreases power and amplitude of Pelvic Floor Muscle contraction on initial stages after treatment. / O câncer ginecológico compreende um conjunto de neoplasias malignas do corpo e colo uterino, ovários, endométrio, vagina e/ou vulva. No Brasil, mais de 15.000 mulheres foram acometidas em 2014 por pelo menos um tipo de câncer ginecológico. Mostra-se como um grave problema de saúde pública, uma vez que, o câncer de cólo de útero está associado ao vírus Papilomavírus Humano (HPV), comum em países em desenvolvimento. Os tratamentos para o câncer ginecológico incluem a cirurgia, quimioterapia e radioterapia. Uma das características preocupantes após o tratamento com radioterapia pélvica nos cânceres ginecológicos é a sua associação com os efeitos envolvendo disfunções do assoalho pélvico. Diante das possíveis repercussões no assoalho pélvico, este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a função do assoalho pélvico e comparar o comportamento deste em mulheres com câncer ginecológico antes e após o tratamento com radioterapia em curto prazo. Para tanto, a amostra do estudo foi composta de 20 mulheres com diagnóstico de câncer ginecológico, com idade mínima de 18 anos e residentes da Grande Florianópolis. Essas passaram por dois períodos de avaliação nos músculos do assoalho pélvicos, sendo um pré radioterapia e outro após o tratamento com radioterapia. A avaliação da função muscular do assoalho pélvico foi realizada em duas etapas: a palpação digital pelo esquema PERFECT (no item força aplicou-se a Escala Oxford Modificada) e avaliação com eletromiografia de superfície. A análise dos dados foi realizada com estatística descritiva por meio de média e desvio padrão, enquanto as variáveis categóricas por meio de frequência simples e relativa. Para comparação entre os períodos pré e 12 pós radioterapia, utilizou-se o teste t pareado ou o teste de Wilcoxon, conforme a distribuição dos dados. Na eletromiografia (EMG), os sinais foram analisados utilizando-se o programa Matlab (The MathWorks®®, versão 5.3). As aquisições de repouso (atividade basal), de contração isotônica e contração isométrica foram analisados por meio do cálculo do RMS. Nesta análise foi utilizado filtro passa-banda de 20 a 450Hz. Os valores do RMS foram calculados por meio de janelas móveis de 100 ms (200 dados), movidas em 0,5 ms em cada conjunto de dados. Os resultados apontaram que a Força, a Manutenção da Contração e a Rapidez apresentaram valores inferiores após a radioterapia, sendo a Força a variável significativamente menor após o tratamento com radioterapia em curto prazo. A atividade eletromiográfica apresentou valores significativamente menores no período após radioterapia. Conclui-se que o tratamento com a radioterapia para o CA ginecológico diminui a força e a amplitude de contração muscular do assoalho pélvico nas fases iniciais após o tratamento.
19

Implicações da abordagem fisioterapeutica do tratamento da osteoartrite de joelho sobre a resposta subaguda da pressão arterial / Implications of physiotherapy approach for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis on subacute response of blood pressure

Gonçalves, Kamila Shelry de Freitas, 1982- 14 August 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Jose Luiz Tatagiba Lamas / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T03:08:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Goncalves_KamilaShelrydeFreitas.pdf: 1506158 bytes, checksum: 5422f2982d5035b64dea67714ddec8de (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: A osteoartrite é uma das principais causas de incapacidade e dores crônicas graves afetando, principalmente, indivíduos de meia-idade e idosos. O joelho é acometido em 10% dos casos. O sexo feminino e índice de massa corpórea (IMC) contribuem para a presença da osteoartrite. A incapacidade ocasionada por ela leva ao sedentarismo, que é um fator de risco para doenças cardiovasculares, tal como a hipertensão arterial. Esta afeta 30% da população mundial adulta e de 15 a 20% da população brasileira. Diante disso, muitos dos pacientes que são encaminhados ao tratamento fisioterapêutico da osteoartrite de joelhos também são hipertensos. Existem trabalhos que mostram a importância dos exercícios aeróbicos e/ou resistidos no controle ou como adjuvante ao tratamento farmacológico da hipertensão. Entretanto, apesar destes mesmos exercícios serem aplicados no tratamento fisioterapêutico da osteoartrite, não se conhece a influência dos exercícios resistidos terapêuticos aplicados no tratamento da osteoartrite de joelhos sobre a pressão arterial (PA) de hipertensos, o que justifica a realização deste estudo. Assim, questionam-se quais os efeitos que a fisioterapia aplicada no tratamento da osteoartrite de joelhos pode causar na PA de indivíduos hipertensos e normotensos, durante e após a sessão de fisioterapia. O objetivo deste estudo, inserido na linha de pesquisa Processo de Cuidar em Saúde e Enfermagem, foi comparar os valores de PA obtidos durante e após uma sessão de fisioterapia. Os sujeitos foram divididos em dois grupos pareados pela idade: grupo controle, composto por indivíduos normotensos sem osteoartrite de joelhos, e experimental, composto por hipertensos com osteoartrite de joelhos atendidos em um hospital universitário do interior de São Paulo. Estes foram selecionados com base no Índice algofuncional de Lequesne e avaliados por meio de instrumento de caracterização sociodemográfica e clínica e por uma avaliação fisioterapêutica. A PA foi aferida antes, durante e após a fisioterapia, totalizando duas horas. O intervalo entre medidas foi de cinco minutos antes da sessão e 20 minutos após o início da mesma. O tratamento estatístico dos dados foi realizado por meio do teste Qui-quadrado e exato de Fischer, teste de Mann-Whitney, teste de Kruskal-Wallis e ANOVA para medidas repetidas, seguida do teste de comparação múltipla de Tukey, para comparar os grupos em cada momento e o teste de perfil por contraste para analisar a evolução entre as medidas em cada grupo (p < 0,05). Observou-se que o sexo feminino correspondeu a mais de 90% dos sujeitos de ambos os grupos. A média das idades foi de 57,22 anos no grupo controle e 60,58 no grupo experimental. No grupo controle, 52,17% dos sujeitos tiveram IMC abaixo de 25, parâmetro que se mostrou dentro das faixas de obesidade em 69,23% dos sujeitos do grupo experimental. A PA, tanto sistólica quanto diastólica, manteve-se em tendência de elevação durante todo o período de coleta nos dois grupos. Conclui-se que os exercícios terapêuticos devem ser aplicados com cautela, pois apesar deles não serem contra-indicados para normotensos ou hipertensos, podem causar elevação nos níveis da PA, principalmente quando o exercício isométrico faz parte do tratamento fisioterapêutico. / Abstract: Osteoarthritis (OA) causes substantial pain and disability, especially among middle aged and elderly. The prevalence of knee OA is 10%. Risk factors of OA include female gender and elevated body mass index (BMI). OA is frequently associated with reports of physical disability. It reduces physical activity and increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases, like arterial hypertension (AH). AH affects 30% of world population and 15 to 20% of Brazilian population. Thus, many patients who are referred to physical therapy for OA of the knee are also hypertensive. There are studies that show the importance of aerobic and or strengthening exercises in control or as adjuvant to pharmacological treatment of AH. They can reduce blood pressure (BP). However, despite these exercises are applied in physical therapy for OA, their effects on AH are unknown. Therefore, we ask what are the effects of physical therapy on BP of hypertensive and normotensive subjects, during and after physical therapy sessions. The aim of this study, included in the research line Nursing and Health Caring Process, was to compare the BP values obtained, during and after a session of physical therapy. The subjects were divided into two paired by age groups: control group, composed of normotensive subjects without osteoarthritis of the knee, and experimental, composed of hypertensives with osteoarthritis of the knee treated at a universitary hospital of São Paulo state. They were selected using the Lequesne's algofunctional questionnaire and evaluated by a sociodemographic and clinical instrument and by physical therapy evaluation. BP was measured before, during and after physical therapy. The interval between consecutive measurements, was five minutes before the session and 20 minutes after the beginning of the session. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square and the Fischer exact test, Mann-Whitney test, Kruskal-Wallis and ANOVA for repeated measures followed by Tukey multiple comparison test, to compare the groups into each time and the contrast profile test to examine the evolution of the measures in each group (p< 0,05). More than 90% of subjects in both groups were female. Age (mean) was 57.22 years in control group and 60.58 in experimental group. In control group, 52.17% of the subjects were not obese (BMI < 25). In the experimental group, BMI was shown to be in the range of obesity in 69.23% of the subjects. BP, both systolic and diastolic, increased throughout the period of collection in both groups. In disagreement with previous studies about effects of physical therapy on blood pressure, our results showed that therapeutic exercises should be applied with caution, because although they are not contra-indicated for normotensive or hypertensive, may cause elevation in BP levels, especially when the isometric exercise is part of the protocol of physical therapy. / Universidade Estadual de Campi / Enfermagem e Trabalho / Mestre em Enfermagem
20

FYSISKT STRIDSVÄRDE BLAND VÄRNPLIKTIGA PÅ NORRBOTTENS FLYGFLOTTILJ : En tvärsnittsstudie med utgångspunkt i Army Combat Fitness Test / COMBAT READINESS AMONG RECRUITS AT NORRBOTTEN AIR BASE : A cross-sectional study based on the Army Combat Fitness Test

Værgaard, Suzan, Alderblad, Mattias January 2023 (has links)
Bakgrund &amp; syfte: Europa befinner sig sedan femton månader tillbaka i en förändrad säkerhetspolitisk verklighet. Mot bakgrund av Rysslands invasion av Ukraina, som katalyserade Sveriges medlemsansökan till försvarsalliansen NATO, får mänsklig och teknisk beredskap på landets regementen betydligt större betydelse i internationell kontext de kommande åren. Studiens primära syfte är att utvärdera det fysiska stridsvärdet hos värnpliktskullen 2022/2023 på Norrbottens Flygflottilj i relation till nuvarande gränsvärden för Army Combat Fitness Test (ACFT), ett batteri som tillämpas regelbundet i US-amerikanska armén, och belysa eventuella skillnader mellan befattningsutbildningarna flygbassäkerhet, flygunderhåll, markunderhåll och sjukvård. Det sekundära syftet är att undersöka i vilken utsträckning kroppssammansättning korrelerar med fysisk prestation inom urvalsgruppen. Metod: Tvärsnittsstudie med 24 värnpliktiga, där 15 män och 9 kvinnor genomförde en bioimpedansmätning och ACFT innehållande sex delmoment som syftar till att mäta soldatens förmåga att utföra skarpa tjänsterelaterade uppgifter. Potentiella skillnader mellan prestationen på gruppnivå undersöktes medels ANOVA; en korrelationsanalys med variablerna relativ fettmassa, BMI, relativ och absolut muskelmassa genererade värden för samband med uppnådda totalpoäng. Resultat: Av studiens 24 deltagare presterade 22 över gränsen för hög fysisk kravprofil, med en testdeltagare under gränsen för godkänt och ytterligare en inom spannet för betydande fysisk kravprofil. Uppnådda totalpoäng visade varierande resultat mellan befattningsutbildningarna, dock utan att ANOVA visade någon signifikant skillnad. Korrelationsanalysen visade på svaga värden för samtliga variabler kopplade till kroppskomposition för samband med prestation i testbatteriet. Slutsats: Baserat på populationen i denna studie visar svenska värnpliktiga på ett högt stridsvärde och får anses fysiskt likvärdiga i internationellt sammanhang, vilket är lovande för en integration i NATOs strukturer. Dock behövs studier i större skala för att dra några generella slutsatser kring beredskap på svenska förband då detta arbete är begränsat till ett regemente i Norrbotten. / Objective: Over the past fifteen months, Europe has had to adjust to a fundamentally altered political reality. Against the backdrop of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and Sweden’s subsequent application to join the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, human and technical readiness at Swedish regiments will gain much greater significance internationally during the coming years. The study’s primary objective is to assess physical combat readiness among recruits at Norrbotten Air Base (class of 2023) guided by cut-off values established for the Army Combat Fitness Test (ACFT), and highlight possible differences in performance between the military occupational specialties avionic mechanic, critical care nursing, helicopter repairer, military police, and wheeled vehicle mechanic. The secondary objective is to analyze to which extent body composition correlates with physical performance for this group. Method: Twentyfour recruits, 15 male and 9 female, participated in this cross-sectional study consisting of a body composition scan and the ACFT, comprising six events designed to assess a soldier’s ability to efficiently execute combat-related tasks. Possible differences between occupational specialties were analyzed using ANOVA; relative fat mass, BMI, relative and absolute muscle mass were analyzed for correlation with participants’ total scores. Result: All but two participants achieved total scores beyond the cut-off value for heavy physical duty. One participant did not reach a level for pass, another scored within the bracket for significant physical duty. Total scores varied within and between occupational specialties, though ANOVA showed no significant difference between groups. Correlation analysis generated low values for all body composition variables when matched with performance in the ACFT. Conclusion: Based on the sample in this study, Swedish recruits display a high level of physical combat readiness, which is promising for a future integration into the NATO structure. Studies with greater sample sizes are needed to draw nation-wide conclusions.

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