nÃo hà / Ante as atuais exigÃncias tecnolÃgicas e econÃmicas da sociedade do conhecimento, associadas à carÃncia de literatura a respeito da gestÃo de bibliotecas universitÃrias, o intento deste estudo à o de produzir um modelo de avaliaÃÃo para as bibliotecas universitÃrias, baseado no princÃpio-chave de alinhamento do Balanced Scorecard (BSC), dirigido à sinergia das aÃÃes das bibliotecas Ãs polÃticas de ensino de graduaÃÃo das instituiÃÃes de ensino superior. O mÃtodo proposto foi elaborado em sete fases que objetivam conhecer as diretrizes dos cursos descritas no projeto pedagÃgico do curso de oceanografia, a visÃo do corpo docente da instituiÃÃo, a percepÃÃo dos estudantes em relaÃÃo a produtos e serviÃos e os seus fatores crÃticos de sucesso. Os resultados esperados dizem respeito à pessoal, a produtos e serviÃos, a estrutura tecnolÃgica, estrutura fÃsica e organizaÃÃo de acervos, a fatores crÃticos de sucesso da biblioteca, gestÃo e avaliaÃÃo, evidenciando a necessidade de uma biblioteca comprometida com a assimilaÃÃo da visÃo sistÃmica da Universidade.

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / O foco deste trabalho consiste no estudo do alinhamento entre a estratÃgia corporativa e o nÃvel de serviÃo desejado pelos clientes. Tem como objetivo geral propor um mÃtodo que avalia o alinhamento da estratÃgia corporativa ao nÃvel de serviÃo desejado pelos clientes e apresenta possÃveis soluÃÃes para a sua melhoria. O mÃtodo de raciocÃnio utilizado neste trabalho foi o hipotÃtico-dedutivo. Quanto à metodologia para o alcance dos objetivos propostos, fez-se uso de uma pesquisa classificada como aplicada, qualitativa, exploratÃria, bibliogrÃfica, documental e estudo de caso. Os conhecimentos pesquisados acerca de estratÃgia, alinhamento estratÃgico, BSC, Seis Sigma e nÃvel de serviÃo logÃstico serviram para fundamentar o mÃtodo proposto, que prioriza o alinhamento com base nos indicadores do BSC e realiza as melhorias com a aplicaÃÃo do Seis Sigma. A aplicaÃÃo do mÃtodo foi realizada em uma lavanderia hospitalar que serviu como o caso em estudo. A principal conclusÃo do trabalho realizado foi a constataÃÃo da utilidade do mÃtodo proposto na avaliaÃÃo e melhoria do alinhamento da estratÃgia corporativa com o nÃvel de serviÃo desejado pelos clientes. / The focus of this dissertation is to study the alignment between corporate strategy and the service level desired by customers. Its main purpose is to develop a method that analyses the alignment between corporate strategy and the service level desired by customers and presents possible solutions to its improvement. The method of reasoning used in this dissertation was the hypothetical-deductive. Regarding the methodology for achieving the proposed objectives, it was used an applied research classified as qualitative, exploratory, bibliographical, documentary and case study. Strategy, strategic alignment, BSC, Six Sigma and logistics service level were the knowledge researched to substantiate the proposed method, which prioritizes the alignment based on BSC indicators and promotes improvements by the use of Six Sigma. The application of the method was performed in a hospital laundry that served as case study. The main conclusion of the study was the assessment of the usefulness of the proposed method in evaluating and improving the alignment of corporate strategy with service level desired by customers.

[pt] Atualmente, o setor de transporte, no Brasil, está sofrendo um processo de descentralização por meio da estadualização com vistas à privatização. Para acompanhar tais mudanças, a Companhia Brasileira de Trens Urbanos - CBTU está reestruturando suas atividades e seu planejamento estratégico. Nesse contexto, o grande problema da empresa é ser deficitária em um país onde a maior parte da população é de baixa renda e os sistemas de transporte público não são auto-sustentáveis. O propósito desta pesquisa é investigar como assegurar o alinhamento estratégico do planejamento orçamentário em uma empresa pública, precisamente a CBTU, cujo objetivo principal é satisfazer as necessidades da sociedade. A investigação foi desenvolvida, usando a metodologia de estudo de caso, sendo a CBTU a empresa foco. Os dados da pesquisa foram coletados por meio de investigação documental e telematizada, questionários, predominantemente, estruturados e entrevistas, e tratados com métodos quantitativos e qualitativos. A interpretação e a análise dos dados foram realizadas com base no referencial teórico, fundamentado em revisão de literatura pertinente à área de estudo, com auxílio do modelo genérico integrativo de Macedo-Soares (2001b). Os resultados evidenciaram inconsistência entre o planejamento orçamentário e a estratégia da empresa. Também foi possível identificar os fatores organizacionais que contribuem e os que não contribuem para esse alinhamento. Ao final do trabalho, compartilham-se as lições a respeito do estudo de caso na CBTU. / [en] Currently, the transportation sector in Brazil is passing through a decentralization process in order to be privatized. To follow these changes the Companhia Brasileira de Trens Urbanos - CBTU is reorganizing its activities and its strategical planning. In this context, the biggest problem of the company is to be in debt in a country where the great part of the population is poor. Bisides that, the public transportation system is not self sustainable. The purpose of this research is to investigate how to line up strategically the budget planning in a public company, necessarily CBTU, and how to meet the society necessities is its main objective. The investigation was developed using the case study methdology, being the CBTU the company focus. The data of the research were collected by documental/telematic investigations, interviews and questionnaires, treated with quantitative and qualitative methods. The data interpretation and analysis were conducted based on the theoretical references from the literature review, with the support of the systemic and integrative model developed by Macedo-Soares (2001b). The results evidenced inconsistency between the budget planning and the firm`s strategy objectives. Also, it was possible to identify the organizational factors that contribute and the ones that do not contribute for this alignment. Finally, this study shares lessons of the case study in the CBTU.

L’alignement stratégique du système d’information est une problématique récurrente en entreprise, de nombreux projets opérations à dimension système d’information ne permettant pas d’obtenir les gains attendus par les Directions Générales. Face à ces nombreux constats d’échecs, plusieurs variables explicatives peuvent être invoquées. Cette recherche vise à en tester une, celle du mépris des faisabilités opérationnelles. Le terme de mépris a été choisi à dessein afin d’insister sur la dimension « incarnée » de la manoeuvre d’alignement, et notamment des « conditions que l’on puisse faire » qui sont exprimées par les différentes parties prenantes. Fondée sur une double définition du mépris interrogeant le thème de la « prise » comme de la « mé-prise », les résultats obtenus dans le cadre de cette recherche exploratoire font du mépris des faisabilités opérationnelles un objet en sciences de gestion et montrent que le mépris des faisabilités opérationnelles peut être l’une des variables explicatives du désalignement stratégique. / Information system alignment is a vital subject in companies as many IT projects fail to achieve the benefits expected by top management. To explain this statement, many variables can be put forward. We decided to focus our study on one of those potential explanatory reasons which is “contempt for operational feasibilities”. The “contempt” expression has been precisely chosen to underline the embodied dimension of strategic alignment, and, in particular, “the underpinning conditions under which one can realize” as expressed by project stakeholders. Based on a twofold definition of contempt questioning the action of “taking” and “mis-taking” operational feasibilities, the results collected during this exploratory research highlight the relevance of placing this subject in the field of management and show how contempt for operational feasibilities can have proven effects on information system misalignment.

This study has its origin in the known problems that involve the implementation of plans so that they become practical actions. IDP is the institutional development proposal of the Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), and its aim is guiding the university. Extending this statement, it is assumed that there should be a connection between the IDP and the actions executed by the education units of the Institution. Considering this context, the present study aims at identifying and describing in which way the education, research and extension projects that are developed by the schools connected to the UFSM (CTISM, Polytechnic School and CAFW) are aligned to the guiding lines of the IDP UFSM. In order to reach this goal, the study reanalyzes the concept and general notions of strategy, strategic planning in the public administration, Institutional Development Plan and Institutional Development Plan of the Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. Through the exam of secondary data obtained with access to the SIE UFSM, crossings between the defined analysis categories and the registered projects were established. It was perceived that most of the projects are allied to the three main guide lines fixed by the IDP UFSM. The profile of the projects coordinator is of an employee with at least five years of work at the Institution, master or doctor and with interests in research. The projects developed by the coordinators of the basic, technic and technological education career are more allied than the ones developed by the coordinators of the higher education career. This study aimed at exploring a new perspective that may contribute to the debate regarding the process of planning and its implementation at the UFSM. / Este estudo se origina na conhecida problemática que envolve a implantação de planos a fim de que se concretizem em ações práticas. Sendo o PDI a proposta de desenvolvimento institucional da UFSM, deveria tal documento servir como norte orientador para a universidade. Ampliando essa afirmação, imagina-se que deveria haver alinhamento entre o PDI e as ações executadas pelas unidades de ensino da Instituição. Considerando tal contexto, o presente estudo pretende identificar e descrever de que forma os projetos de ensino, pesquisa e extensão desenvolvidos pelos colégios vinculados à Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (CTISM, Colégio Politécnico e CAFW) alinham-se aos eixos norteadores do PDI UFSM. Para atingir esse objetivo, o estudo revê o conceito e noções gerais de estratégia, de planejamento estratégico na gestão pública, de Plano de Desenvolvimento Institucional e do Plano de Desenvolvimento Institucional da UFSM. Por meio do exame de dados secundários obtidos a partir do acesso ao SIE UFSM, foram estabelecidos cruzamentos entre as categorias de análise definidas e os projetos registrados. Constatou-se que, em sua maioria, os projetos encontram-se alinhados, basicamente aos três primeiros eixos fixados pelo PDI UFSM. O perfil do coordenador dos projetos é de um servidor com menos de cinco anos de exercício na Instituição, mestre ou doutor e com interesse pela pesquisa. Os servidores técnico-administrativos em educação pouco coordenam projetos. Os projetos desenvolvidos pelos coordenadores da carreira da educação básica, técnica e tecnológica encontram-se mais alinhados que os da carreira do magistério superior. O estudo buscou explorar uma nova perspectiva que possa contribuir para o debate no que tange ao processo de planejamento e sua implantação na UFSM.

[pt] Embora sejam encontradas evidências na literatura que a Tecnologia da Informação (TI) tem o poder de transformar indústrias e mercados, muitas organizações ainda defrontam-se com dificuldades na utilização deste potencial para obter vantagens competitivas. A promoção do alinhamento estratégico durante todas as etapas do processo de planejamento pode auxiliar os executivos das organizações na promoção de ações que potencializem a utilização estratégica da TI. A presente pesquisa envolveu um estudo de casos múltiplos nas Unidades de Negócio do Refino da Petrobras, com o objetivo de construir um modelo para auxiliar a gestão da Tecnologia da Informação no sentido de garantir o alinhamento de suas ações com as estratégias do negócio, de modo a potencializar a contribuição da TI para um melhor desempenho dessas Unidades. Assegurar este alinhamento tornou-se particularmente necessário com o acirramento da competição no setor de petróleo, em decorrência da abertura do seu mercado, no B rasil, a partir de janeiro de 2002. À luz do referencial teórico, este estudo conclui que, nas Unidades em questão, existe um grau de alinhamento parcial da TI aos objetivos estratégicos da organização, sendo esta visão compartilhada pelos gerentes das diversas áreas de negócio da organização. O estudo aponta mecanismos para mitigar as ações dos fatores que inibem a promoção de um maior alinhamento estratégico da TI. Como contribuição adicional, este estudo propõe que a promoção do alinhamento estratégico da TI seja construída no contexto do ciclo evolutivo do Balanced Scorecard (BSC) que está sendo implementado na Companhia. / [en] Although evidences in the literature are found that the Information Technology (IT) has the power to transform industries and markets, many organizations are still confronted with difficulties in the use of this potential to get competitive advantages. The promotion of the strategical alignment during all the stages of the planning process can assist the executives of the organizations in the implementation of actions that optimize the strategical use of IT. The present survey involved a study of multiple cases in the Business Units of the Refining of the Petrobras, with the objective to construct a model to assist the management of the Information Technology in view of guaranteeing the alignment of its actions with the strategies of the business, in order to increase the contribution of IT for a better performance of these Units. Assuring this alignment, has become particularly necessary with the strong competition in the oil sector, as a result of the opening of its market, in Brazil, since January 2002. In the light of the theoretical reference, this study concludes that, in the Units in question, there is merely a partial alignment of IT with the organization´s strategic objectives. The study proposes some mechanisms to mitigate the factors that inhibit the promotion of a higher degree of IT´s strategic alignment. As an additional contribution, this study suggests that the promotion of the strategical alignment of IT be carried out in the context of the life cycle of the Balanced Scorecard (BSC), that is being implemented in the firm.

In today’s dynamic and often unstable business environment, Information technology (IT) and how IT is controlled has become pervasive due to the high dependency of IT within organizations. The IT-investments are increasingly becoming more important within the overall budget for many organizations today and are distributed all over the organizations. This dependency requires the importance of aligning between IT units and how the strategy for business direction can be realized. Thus, the alignment between IT and business is the primary goal of IT. A clear and well-defined structure of what factors affect the organization to ensure control over IT is utterly important. Today, no straightforward structure of factors to ensure successful achievement of IT governance goals within organizations exists. This thesis aims to assess and analyze the importance of IT governance factors to successfully achieve IT governance goals. The survey data gathered from 40 IT governance experts are presented in this thesis. The results show that there exist differences on how factors affect, with factors concerning the boards’ responsibility being the most important and critical factors for successfully achieving IT governance goals. This thesis also identifies and discusses some of the factors that may be less important and hence seldom prioritized within organizations.

Purpose – Motivated by the increasing role of information technology (IT) in today’s organizations, the purpose of this paper is to examine the relationships between business and IT executives in order to improve the organizational performance of the different aspects of IT technology and related systems. In the process, special attention is given to drivers which facilitate the cooperation between the parties involved. Design/methodology/approach – This survey-based research utilizes structural equation modeling methodology to uncover the relevant variables pertaining to the promotion of a positive social and strategic context needed to increase the effectiveness of organizational IT facets. Findings – The effectiveness of IT in modern organizations is contingent on a social alignment, business – IT alignment, strategic consistency, and common vision among the people who manage the IT function and those who need the organization. Research limitations/implications – This study is based on a sample of Portuguese manufacturing organizations. Therefore, findings and conclusions should be interpreted accordingly. In this context, future research in other organizational cultural settings is called for in order to refine and validate the results of this study. Practical implications – The role of establishing an organizational culture which stresses the common goal and mutual trust and cooperation in creating effective IT organizational utilization is underscored. As such, business executives are encouraged to exercise their leadership skills in order to create an organizational strategy which aligns IT capabilities and investments with the competitive strategy of the organization. In this context, creating an organizational culture which promotes business – IT alignment in a healthy social context is necessary. Originality/value – The issues and concerns addressed in this study should bridge the gap between business and IT executives. In the process, this study facilitates and encourages the effective utilization of the different facets of IT technology as they better serve the people of the organization. This advances the cost and practice of the strategic organizational role of IT investments.

Business-IT alignment (BITA) has clearly become more important over the last decade. However, considerable difficulties remain when attempting to achieve a mature level of BITA. Therefore, research efforts which have resulted in a number of theoretical models have been able to help in devising and applying supportive tools for assessing different components of BITA. However, most of these efforts have either been produced in Anglo-Saxon countries or have been based on specific experiences in those countries. Consequently, they have tended to ignore a number of factors which differ in nature due to variations in cultural contexts. However, organisational culture has been given little consideration. Societal and organisational cultural aspects of BITA are particularly important because the majority of BITA models tend to focus more on the efficiency and effectiveness of BITA components rather than on trying to create ways in which how BITA can be achieved or maintained in different contexts. Therefore, the purpose of this thesis is to investigate the impact of societal and organisational culture on achieving BITA and influencing its maturity. The main result is an extended BITA model developed originally by Luftman, known as; Luftman’s Strategic Alignment Maturity Model (SAM), which is influenced by the organisational culture perspective. The research method and process advocated by Peffers et al. (2007) is used in the thesis to design the extended-SAM, consisting of six activities. The first of these activities involves identifying specific problems. This is achieved by an extensive literature survey of theories related to BITA, an explorative study of the impact of organisational culture on BITA and a classification of the general limitations of BITA. The second activity concerns the requirement for definitions of the designed artifact. The third activity is then specified in terms of designing the artifact; i.e. an extended-SAM. The design is based on constructed hypotheses of the potential impact of organisational culture elements (based on Smit et al.’s model (2008) on BITA attributes (based on SAM), and followed by an empirical study of 6 multinational organisations, for testing the hypotheses. Following that, in the fourth activity, various processes for extending SAM are demonstrated in different seminars within the IT management group at DSV, in conference papers and in different seminars of the Swedish research School of Management and Information Technology (MIT) (Forskarskolan Management och IT. In the fifth activity, the extended-SAM model is evaluated in 5 multinational organisations to test its practicality and utility. In the last activity, a journal paper (Paper III in the thesis) is presented to summarise all the processes. The communication is also carried out through pre-licentiate and the licentiate seminars. The extended-SAM shows in the result of the thesis that organisational culture is a clear factor that should be considered while assessing and studying BITA maturity. In addition, by considering organisational culture, assessing BITA is clearly shown as being more accurate and as reflecting a more detailed picture of the organisation’s BITA.

Some developing nations struggle with a diminishing manufacturing output market share because of a lack of appropriate procurement strategies. The purpose of this single case study was to explore the procurement strategies that managers successfully developed and deployed to improve company performance. The strategic alignment model was the conceptual framework for the study. Data were collected through semistructured interviews of 6 members of a Nigerian ceramics manufacturing company, as well as from a review of publicly available documents related to the performance of the company. A thematic analysis of the data was conducted to identify codes, extract subthemes and themes from the codes, and develop a thematic map. The 5 themes that emerged from data analysis included the procurement strategies needed for cross-functional collaboration, emergencies and downturns, alternatives and competition, applications of information technologies in procurement functions, and control of stock level and vendors' performance. The results of the data analysis confirmed empirical evidence that linked strategic procurement alignment to organizational performance. The implementation of the findings of this study may be beneficial to individuals, communities, organizations, institutions, cultures, and society through employment creation, costs savings, waste reduction, value creation, crime reduction, and local development.