Segundo John Stuart Mill, a maximização da felicidade está intimamente relacionada ao desenvolvimento do caráter das pessoas. O filósofo defende que a educação e a opinião têm uma influência tão grande sobre o caráter humano que se este for desenvolvido a partir da filosofia utilitarista seria possível estabelecer na mente das pessoas uma associação indissolúvel entre a felicidade individual e a felicidade de todos. Com a finalidade de aprofundar o entendimento dessa relação o tema desse trabalho é o utilitarismo de Mill e a formação do caráter moral. Para alcançar esse objetivo foi utilizada a metodologia de pesquisa bibliográfica, analisando a literatura já publicada sobre os conceitos que norteiam o tema proposto, observando e utilizando a abordagem metodológica analítico-interpretativa. A dissertação apresenta as principais ideias dos filósofos clássicos do utilitarismo, investiga a concepção de utilitarismo de Mill analisando a relação do princípio de utilidade e o princípio de liberdade e observa as noções de Mill acerca da constituição do caráter do moral. Os resultados da pesquisa permitem ponderar que Mill considera as noções de virtude, justiça, diversidade, tolerância e empatia valores inseparáveis da concepção de felicidade. Concluiu-se que hedonismo qualitativo de Mill configura-se em um utilitarismo indireto, oferecendo mais espaço para aceitação de máximas não utilitárias, sem abandonar o princípio da utilidade / According to John Stuart Mill, maximizing happiness is closely related to the development of people's character. The philosopher argues that education and opinion have such a great influence on human character that if it were developed from utilitarian philosophy it would be possible to establish in the minds of people an indissoluble association between individual happiness and the happiness of all. In order to deepen the understanding of this relation the theme of this work is the utilitarianism of Mill and the formation of the moral character. In order to reach this goal, a bibliographical research methodology was used, analyzing the already published literature on the concepts that guide the proposed theme, observing and using the analytical-interpretative methodological approach. The dissertation presents the main ideas of the classical philosophers of utilitarianism, investigates Mill conception of utilitarianism by analyzing the relation of the utility principle and the principle of freedom and observes Mill notions about the constitution of the character of morality. The results of the research allow us to consider that Mill considers the notions of virtue, justice, diversity, tolerance and empathy values inseparable from the conception of happiness. It was concluded that Mill qualitative hedonism is an indirect utilitarianism, offering more space for the acceptance of non-utilitarian maxims, without abandoning the principle of utility

This diploma thesis deals with 70s and 80s in 17the century in England. During this period of the reign of Charles II Stuart comes to the forefront the question of succession, which culminated in the so-called exclusion crisis (1679-1681). The thesis will try to outline in seven chapters, including the introduction and conclusion, the development of the crisis of succession associated with the person of James, Duke of York. The first part of the work will focus on the period before the exclusion crisis and will highlight important moments such as the approval of the Test Act or the Popish Plot. Another part of the thesis will deal with the period of crisis itself until the dissolution of the last Exclusion Parliament in Oxford in 1681 and the defeat the Whig party. The last chapter will close the whole question of succession in 1685, the death of Charles II Stuart and the advent of James II to the English throne.

Studien ämnade analysera uttrycken för en malmöitisk identitet på Instagram-kontot Memesofmalmö samt vilka idéer som dessa grundar sig på vad det gäller Malmö som stad och människorna som bor där. Detta genomfördes genom att applicera ett teoretiskt ramverk som främst utformades utifrån Stuart Halls representations teori och definition av stereotyper och praktiken av stereotypisering. Det teoretiska ramverket har också utgjorts av begreppen ideologi, hegemoni och diskurs i relation till representation. Teorierna tillämpades med hjälp av en ideologikritisk textanalys bestående av ett urval på 50 inlägg. Resultatet av studien visade att det underliggande betydelserna i representationen gav uttryck för en kritisk hållning gentemot en etablerad negativ stereotyp. Detta tog sig uttryck i representationen genom att materialet reproducerade den etablerade stereotypen och satte den i nya kontexter. Genom detta omförhandlade betydelserna för stereotypen. Allt detta pekar på att humoristiska internet-memes inte bara ska ses som enkla skämt, utan de är en form av social och ideologisk produktion. / The study aimed to understand how established stereotypes of the collective identity of Malmö influences the Instagram account MemesofMalmö, along with how the representation of Malmö is based on the inhabitants and the city itself. The theoretical framework used was based on Stuart Hall’s representation theory and understanding of stereotyping. Furthermore, part of the theoretical framework has been the investigation of ideology, hegemony, and discourse concerning representation. The theories were implemented using text analysis, applying a critical ideological perspective, based on a selection of 50 posts. The result indicated that the underlying message in the representation expressed a critical attitude towards an established negative stereotype. It was conveyed by the material taking the present stereotyping and reproducing it in new contexts, which renegotiated the values for the stereotype. In conclusion, the evidence points to the fact that humoristic internet memes should not purely be viewed as simple jokes, but as a form of social and ideological output.

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In his review of John Akomfrah’s experimental documentary The Stuart Hall Project (2013), Adam Elliott-Cooper highlights the growing necessity to revisit Hall’s scholarly and activist legacy today. Elliott-Cooper takes issue with the contemporary left for failing to properly respond to a persistent institutional racism during neoliberalism and particularly argues that the 2011 English riots, following the shooting of Mark Duggan by police in Tottenham, are proof that an approach informed by Hall’s theoretical and activist work on race, ethnicity and policing is now more needed than ever in order to come to terms with the problems underlying the riots. In fact, the years after the riots have seen an increase in scholarship indebted to the “political and critical tradition of British cultural studies best exemplified by the work of Stuart Hall”, functioning as a “backlash against [...] current forms of post-ideological scholarship”, as Imogen Tyler describes her own current work on social abjection (2013: 215). In the following argument, I regard the English riots as a test case that can shape a dialogue between Hall’s work on ethnicity and difference, and younger currents in cultural studies. In particular, I will focus on the interplay of race and class that seems to be at the heart of the riots, and which has surfaced in many responses to them, most infamously historian David Starkey’s statement about the looters and rioters who, in his words, were “whites [who] have become black” (BBC 2011).

The following article deals with a somewhat neglected aspect of Stuart Hall’s manifold activities and its relevance for his theoretical work: his interest in and commitment to the promotion of black British art.

Amidst the countless and seminal contributions by Stuart Hall to discourses around race, representation, politics and identity, it is easy to overlook the equally countless essays about ‘minor’ fields in which he covered a broad range of related topics. One of these texts is an article about football hooliganism from 1978, entitled “The Treatment of ‘Football Hooliganism’ in the Press” from a volume edited by Hall and his colleagues Roger Ingham, John Clarke, Peter Marsh and Jim Donovan. The collection of essays is based on a conference held that previous year at the University of Southampton about football fans and violence, a topic that had become a major concern in the British public and that in consequence became a mainstay for research in the field of sociology. As this is Hall’s only text dealing with violence around football, the essay fills only a minor niche in his oeuvre. Within the field of hooligan studies, however, his contribution to the discipline is still seen as an important addition.

Stuart Hall, who passed away in February 2014, was one of the founding figures of what is known today as ‘cultural studies’ and long-time director of the renowned Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies at the University of Birmingham. In addition, he was a central figure of the British New Left, founding editor of the journal New Left Review, and one of Britain’s most charismatic public intellectuals. Crucially, for Hall, intellectual practice was a politics, and questions of culture were political questions. His was a thinking that was inquisitive, flexible and open-ended, regularly moving across disciplinary boundaries and synthesising different theoretical outlooks. It was rigorously contextual, extremely attentive to complexity, dedicated to the concrete, activist, committed and practical, and driven by a curiosity that constantly led onto new – and frequently largely uncharted – theoretical terrain. The subjects covered by Hall’s work include topics as diverse as popular culture and mass media; representation and signifying practices; subcultures; questions of power, ideology and resistance; ‘race’ and ethnicity; globalisation; multiculturalism and diaspora; cultural and personal identity; Thatcherism; New Labour; and neoliberalism. The present issue of Coils of the Serpent endeavours to contribute to the timely exploration of the legacy of Stuart Hall’s highly influential and multi-faceted work.

The purpose of this thesis is to understand how libraries in videos uploaded on the web site YouTube are portrayed and may be perceived by the audience. Four videos introducing libraries have been chosen with the same criteria to study this. The analysis has been based on Stuart Hall’s theories about representation and production meaning and his encoding/decoding model. The method used to examine the videos are a directed kind of textual analysis. The analysis is divided into two parts where the first part is dedicated to how the videos are encoded and what the preferred reading of them seem to be. The second part of it is dedicated to study how and why negotiating and oppositional readings can be made of the videos. When it comes to how the videos are encoded, one found that they have similar target groups and that they use different kinds of codes to communicate to the target groups. All the videos show similar parts of the library, like books and magazines. When it comes to how and why negotiating and oppositional readings can be made one found that these kinds of readings can stem from the receiver wanting to limit the libraries’ resources to certain groups, the receiver not agreeing with what kind of literature the producer chose to represent the library, disinterest in the library, distrust in the library and the producer not including a representative from the target audience. The reasons behind the differences in how the videos are coded may be because of different kinds of producers, different kinds of depicted libraries and differing views on the target group. The study also shows that the videos show a traditional and hegemonic image of the libraries. This is a two years master’s thesis in Library and Information Science.