[pt] A gestão da cadeia de suprimentos (SCM, Supply Chain Management) está criando oportunidades e desafios para a competição no mundo dos negócios. Apesar disto, ainda existem poucos modelos que oferecem uma análise efetiva de SCM. Dentro deste contexto, esta dissertação tem o intuito de propor um modelo para analisar cadeias de suprimentos baseado em dimensões- chave necessárias para uma bem sucedida SCM. Nessa dissertação, as dimensões consideradas são: integração de processos de negócios, identificação dos membros-chave da cadeia, compartilhamento de informação e medidas de desempenho apropriadas para cadeia de suprimento. Com o objetivo de validar o modelo e avaliar a sua aplicação, foi conduzido um estudo de caso em diferentes cadeias de suprimento de um grande fabricante nacional de cilindros de armazenamento de Gás Natural Veicular (GNV). Para efeitos da análise de SCM, este fabricante é considerado nesta aplicação como a empresa focal da cadeia. A partir da aplicação do modelo nessas diferentes cadeias pôde-se constatar um maior compartilhamento de informação e adoção de medidas de desempenho no processo de negócio SRM (Supplier Relationship Management) do que no processo de negócio CRM (Customer Relationship Management). No CRM, também foi constatado que as cadeias são mais integradas com o fabricante de cilindros de GNV, quando esse cilindro é o seu produto principal, e menos integrada, quando o produto principal das cadeias é outro, como por exemplo, o automóvel zero quilômetro. / [en] The Supply Chain Management (SCM) is creating many opportunities and challenges for world business competition. In spite of this, there are still just a few models that offer an effective SCM analysis. Within this context, this dissertation attempts to propose a model for a supply chain analysis based on key dimensions that are necessary for a successful SCM. The key dimensions considered in this dissertation are: business processes integration, key supply chain members identification, information sharing, and appropriate supply chain performance measures. In order to validate the model and to evaluate its application, a case study was conducted in different supply chains of a big national manufacturer of CNG (Compressed Natural Gas) cylinders for vehicles. Towards the SCM analysis, this manufacturer is considered in this application as the supply chain`s focal company. With the model`s application in these different supply chains, it was possible to figure out a more intense information share and use of performance measures in the SRM (Supplier Relationship Management) business process than in the CRM (Customer Relationship Management) business process. In CRM, it was also found that the supply chains are more integrated with the focal company when the cylinder is the chain`s main product and less integrated when the chain`s main product is another, for instance, a brand new car.

[pt] O mercado competitivo exige sistematicamente custos reduzidos e mais flexibilidade das organizações contemporâneas que, por sua vez, podem alcançar melhores resultados ao focarem no desenvolvimento de suas cadeias de suprimento. Sendo assim, os modelos de maturidade em supply chain se apresentam como aliados no processo de alavancagem das organizações. Apesar do crescente número de modelos neste campo de conhecimento, a literatura aponta para uma lacuna na criação de modelos híbridos, adaptativos e que se predispõem a medir a cadeia de suprimentos de forma ampla. A partir desta carência, o objetivo desta dissertação foi desenvolver um modelo de maturidade em gestão de cadeias de suprimentos com uma ferramenta de medição associada. Para isso, foi desenvolvida uma metodologia subdividida em três fases, abrangendo: os estudos introdutórios, a pesquisa bibliográfica e o desenvolvimento efetivo do modelo e ferramenta. O resultado desta pesquisa foi a criação do produto tecnológico, com registro no Instituto Nacional da Propriedade Industrial (INPI), Supply Chain Management Maturity Model (SCM3). SCM3 é um modelo de caráter interdisciplinar, multidimensional e composto por 6 dimensões de aplicação: gestão de fornecedores, gestão da operação e clientes, gestão das atividades logísticas, recursos humanos, sistemas tecnológicos e sistema de medição de performance. O SCM3 utiliza o conceito de pontos chave de transição para mudança de nível de maturidade, o que confere maior pragmatismo ao modelo. A operacionalização deste modelo exigiu também o desenvolvimento de um método de apoio às organizações para sua implantação. O protótipo de ferramenta computacional associada ao SCM3 gera resultados compatíveis e comparáveis, reunindo 153 questões e 5 funcionalidades. A etapa de validação do modelo contou com a participação de especialista tanto do mercado, quanto da academia, que avaliaram aspectos inerentes à interface, conteúdo, encadeamento lógico, viabilidade e aceitabilidade do modelo. O modelo foi aplicado em ambiente organizacional em duas grandes empresas, líderes do setor de telecomunicações brasileiro, contando com a participação da camada gerencial das companhias. A aplicação se demonstrou relevante para organizações e acadêmicos, sendo capaz de realizar inúmeras análises para organizações alavancarem suas cadeias e apoiar estudo futuros de benchmarking em maturidade em supply chain. / [en] The competitive marketplace systematically demands reduced costs and more flexibility from contemporary organizations which, in turn, can achieve better results by focusing on the development of their supply chains. Thus, supply chain maturity models present themselves as allies in the leverage process of organizations. Despite the increasing number of models in this field of knowledge, the literature points to a gap in the creation of hybrid, adaptive models that are predisposed to measure the supply chain in a broad way. From this gap, the objective of this dissertation was to develop a maturity model in supply chain management with an associated measurement tool. For this, a methodology was developed subdivided in three phases, covering: the introductory studies, the bibliographical research and the effective development of the model and tool. The result of this research was the creation of the technological product, with registration in the National Institute of Industrial Property (INPI), Supply Chain Management Maturity Model (SCM3). SCM3 is interdisciplinary, multidimensional and composed of 6 application dimensions: supplier management, operation and customer management, logistic activities management, human resources, technological systems and performance measurement system. The SCM3 uses the concept of turning points to change maturity level, which confers greater pragmatism to the model. The operationalization of this model also required the development of a method to support organizations for the implementation. The computational tool prototype associated to SCM3 generates compatible and comparable results, gathering 153 questions and 5 functionalities. The validation stage of the model was attended by specialists from both the market and academy, who evaluated aspects inherent to the interface, content, logical linkage, viability and acceptability of the model. The model was applied in an organizational environment in two large companies, leaders of the Brazilian telecommunications sector, counting with the participation of the managerial layer of the companies. The application has proved to be relevant for organizations and academics, being able to perform numerous analyzes for organizations to leverage their chains and support future benchmarking studies in supply chain maturity.

網際網路(Internet)大量應用於商業化之後，企業經營模式產生了鉅大的改變，尤其是以應用於資訊傳遞的方法更是徹底。也由於Internet的普及，也使得構築於Internet的資訊應用科技系統更深化於企業經營之中。 台灣的資訊製造產業是全球化最深的產業，該產業本身從訂單到生產到交貨莫不與全球各地的企業習習相關，而速度、彈性與創新更是這些產業所追求的目標。為了達成這樣的目標，因此，企業資源規劃(Enterprise Resource Planning)、電子供應鏈管理(Supply Chain Management)與全球運籌管理(Global Logistics)，對台灣資訊製造產業是相當重要的課題。由於這樣的產業特色，也使得如何應用Internet資訊技術整合供應鏈，促使台灣資訊製造產業的電子供應鏈體系能有效的經營，建構企業的核心能耐，亦是當前企業必須面對的商業策略議題。 本論文之研究方向是以台灣地區資訊製造產業間的電子供應鏈發展為對象，目的在於：1)瞭解電子供應鏈意涵及發展歷程；2)電子供應鏈對企業的效益；3)電子供應鏈的現況分析及其願景；同時以個案研究方式深入探討目前在企業體系的實際運作並由企業願景、企業能耐等構面來分析電子供應鏈應用於企業界的演進階段。 在個案研究部份，本論文是以政府的『產業自動化及電子化推動方案』(簡稱AB計畫)為主要基礎，再由『A、B計畫』中分別篩選足以作為示範應用系統的台灣惠普公司(HP)以及神達電腦公司(MiTAC)作為本論文的研究對象。並以1)電子供應鏈動態發展策略；2)使命願景；3)企業能耐；4)電子供應鏈管理制度；5)電子供應鏈與上下游廠商動態策略分期標準；5)電子供應鏈動態策略演進階段；等五個研究變項建立觀念模型進行實證研究，發展相關命題與建議。 經實證結果發現，電子供應鏈動態發展可歸納為四個階段，每一階段各有其不同之命題與概念發展，四大階段分別為：1)概念醞釀期，主要是建立成員間的共識；2)成員數量累積期，側重於企業實體資訊構架的建置；3)品質控制期，此一時期「品質」是命題的重點；4)策略聯盟期，著重在跨體系間的價值鏈運用。企業願景是貫穿每一階段的核心，企業能耐則是落實企業電子化的趨力。 本論文之研究發現可歸納為以下重要結論：台灣資訊製造業電子供應體系發展能否成功，關鍵是在於B計畫中的衛星體系能否電子化成功。因為B計畫的中心廠商對電子供應鏈的策略目標與組織共識是非常明確的，而且在企業能耐與實力上已經厚基了相當的實力。反而是衛星廠商由於經濟規模之限制需要投入更多的資源輔導。 / The operational approach of enterprises has been changed drastically after the vast commercialization “Internet” applications. In particular, business management must be transformed to the new business model from the traditional design. We find the application of information technologies has become significantly important factors; especially, how to use related information technologies and methodology of the application implementation are the major points of transforming to the new business model. The information industry in Taiwan area is a very profoundly globalizes. When a corporate obtains a international purchased order “PO”, we can find along the process from PO to manufacture and delivery to the buyers, the promotion on time efficiency availability commitment and flexibility are necessary for achieving the goal. Other words, the “e-Business” has become the most important topic on the corporate management of the new digital economy era. The focus of this research is to e verify goals for supply chain management and the establishment of strategic alliance. The purpose of this paper builds a model for supply chain management (SCM) analysis based on the concept of the investigation on current situation of the SCM, the industrial development theories, the literature review on pervious studies, and the case study analysis. The result of the study shows that the SCM dynamic development can be divided into four stages with each stage having its own topics and different conception development. The four stages are as follows: (1) The stage for incubatory conception: the stage to form the consensus on SCM with the whole organization. (2) The stage for the accumulation of physics: this stage constructs to the hardware and software capability. (3) The stage for the quality control: this stage enforces the total quality management (TQM). (4) The stage for the establishment of strategic alliance: this stage enhances of business partnership on SCM and the establishment of a learning organization, followed by the application of value chain, and setup of new strategies for new business model. Generally speaking, the corporation’s vision is the core value that links and integrates all the every stage, and the corporate capability is core competence to implement e-Business and accomplish the performance of SCM. The result of the study suggests the following conclusion: The key successful point of information industry is that its electronics supply chains depends on the implementation of computerize information system built in subsidiary manufactures in Plan B. The central manufacturers in Plan B have clear strategies and vision for their companies alredy. They have also invested a lot of resource, to build their core competence. Significantly, the subsidiary manufacturers need more assistances and resources from governments and central manufacturers due to their economic scale.

<p>The Small and Medium-size Enterprises are the key bone of the economy of many nations. The usual definition of SME’s, make up 99.8% of the approximately 19 million enterprises of the European Union (ISO, 2002) and Sweden is not an exception. That is why SME’s faces the strategic challenge of achieving sustained profitable growth. To meet this challenge, SME’s must develop capabilities to integrate their systems. Since ICT gives so many advantages to support the Supply Chain, and MRPII software’s have become a very popular tool in the last thirty years; Our purpose is to answer the following research question:</p><p>How can MRP II-type computer systems be used effectively to support the manufacturing and organizational integration?</p><p>The research started with on-site observations and interviews but the development of a model and a survey was needed. After, we linked the research with an already accepted model. The results show how important the human aspect and the accuracy are in the effective usage of an MRP II. It also demonstrates that the MRP II philosophy must be accepted to use the MRP II software profitably. Nevertheless, we modeled the vicious cycle that our case company might deal with, tried to find the root cause and give recommendations to break it.</p> / <p>Små och Mellan- stora företag är många nationers byggstenar. Den vanligaste definitionen av SME´s utgör 99,8% av de uppskattningsvis 19 miljoner företag inom Europeiska Unionen (ISO, 2002) och Sverige är inget undantag. Det är anledningen till att SME´s möter den strategiska utmaningen att uppnå ihållande och vinstgivande tillväxt. För att ta sig an denna utmaningen måste SME´s utveckla förmågor att integrera sina system. Eftersom ICT ger så många fördelar att stödja utbudskedjan, och eftersom MRP II mjukvaror har kommit att bli ett populärt verktyg de senaste trettio åren, kommer vårt syfte bli att svara på följande fråga:</p><p>Hur kan datasystem av typen MRP II användas för att på ett effektivt sätt underlätta integrering av tillverkning och organisation?</p><p>Undersökningen startade med observationer samt intervjuer på plats, men utförandet av en statistisk undersökning och en modell var nödvändig efter det att vi redan hade kopplat ihop arbetet med en redan accepterad modell. Reasultaten visar hur viktig den mänskliga faktorn samt exaktheten är i användandet av en MRP II. Den visar också att MRP II filosofin måste vara accepterad innan man kan använda MRP II mjukvaran på ett fördelaktigt sätt. Likväl har vi illustrerat den onda cirkeln som vårt företag måste försöka ta sig ur, försökt hitta den underliggande orsaken och slutligen att ge rekommendationer för att bryta den.</p>

<p>The Small and Medium-size Enterprises are the key bone of the economy of many nations. The usual definition of SME’s, make up 99.8% of the approximately 19 million enterprises of the European Union (ISO, 2002) and Sweden is not an exception. That is why SME’s faces the strategic challenge of achieving sustained profitable growth. To meet this challenge, SME’s must develop capabilities to integrate their systems. Since ICT gives so many advantages to support the Supply Chain, and MRPII software’s have become a very popular tool in the last thirty years; Our purpose is to answer the following research question:</p><p>How can MRP II-type computer systems be used effectively to support the manufacturing and organizational integration?</p><p>The research started with on-site observations and interviews but the development of a model and a survey was needed. After, we linked the research with an already accepted model. The results show how important the human aspect and the accuracy are in the effective usage of an MRP II. It also demonstrates that the MRP II philosophy must be accepted to use the MRP II software profitably. Nevertheless, we modeled the vicious cycle that our case company might deal with, tried to find the root cause and give recommendations to break it.</p> / <p>Små och Mellan- stora företag är många nationers byggstenar. Den vanligaste definitionen av SME´s utgör 99,8% av de uppskattningsvis 19 miljoner företag inom Europeiska Unionen (ISO, 2002) och Sverige är inget undantag. Det är anledningen till att SME´s möter den strategiska utmaningen att uppnå ihållande och vinstgivande tillväxt. För att ta sig an denna utmaningen måste SME´s utveckla förmågor att integrera sina system. Eftersom ICT ger så många fördelar att stödja utbudskedjan, och eftersom MRP II mjukvaror har kommit att bli ett populärt verktyg de senaste trettio åren, kommer vårt syfte bli att svara på följande fråga:</p><p>Hur kan datasystem av typen MRP II användas för att på ett effektivt sätt underlätta integrering av tillverkning och organisation?</p><p>Undersökningen startade med observationer samt intervjuer på plats, men utförandet av en statistisk undersökning och en modell var nödvändig efter det att vi redan hade kopplat ihop arbetet med en redan accepterad modell. Reasultaten visar hur viktig den mänskliga faktorn samt exaktheten är i användandet av en MRP II. Den visar också att MRP II filosofin måste vara accepterad innan man kan använda MRP II mjukvaran på ett fördelaktigt sätt. Likväl har vi illustrerat den onda cirkeln som vårt företag måste försöka ta sig ur, försökt hitta den underliggande orsaken och slutligen att ge rekommendationer för att bryta den.</p>

Introduction: Nowadays beverage companies must focus on maintaining healthy finishedgoods inventory stocks in order to be able to decrease inventory costs, meet customerrequirements and to obtain competitive advantage. However many beverage SMEdon’t have an accurate planning and forecasting to manufacturing inventories. Thereforethey often face the problem of optimization in inventory management due to several differentreasons. As a result, company loses its competitiveness. Thus, there is a need tocoordinate Inventory activities of beverage SMEs to improve inventories’ planning. The purpose of this study is to analyze how inventory management is organized in a small Chinese beverage company. Frame of reference: This research is based on the theoretical framework relates with InventoryManagement (IM) and Retailer-managed inventory (RMI), vendor-managed inventory(VMI) and Collaborative Planning, Forecasting and Replenishment (CPFR).Empirical Data were collected through personal interviews and organization documents. Methodology: The research strategy for this paper is a single case study. This strategy allows investigating topic in its real life context. The inductive approach is used for this research based on qualitative data. The major source of data collection was semi-structured interviews and the company's documents. For analyzing data categorization approach was applied. Conclusion: The study found that inventory management theories presented in scientificliteratures are used in practice. To achieve better inventory management for beverageSMEs, the authors summarize four importance parameters based on literatures and findings.The authors also provide some suggestions based on the importance parameters inthe conclusion to optimize the case company’s inventory management.

A utilização de medicamentos fitoterápicos tem crescido a taxas acima da média em todo o mundo, quando comparada à dos medicamentos tradicionais, constituindo-se em uma grande oportunidade de crescimento e desenvolvimento para a indústria farmacêutica nacional. O Brasil, além de possuir a maior biodiversidade em plantas do mundo, possui um conhecimento popular em relação à propriedade medicinal de muitas ervas e plantas que poderiam balizar o desenvolvimento de novos medicamentos. Na cadeia produtiva farmacêutica, a qualidade da matéria-prima é fundamental e pode ser a diferença entre a produção de um medicamento eficaz ou não. Nesse contexto, a gestão da cadeia de suprimentos se apresenta como parte importante para a estruturação das relações e para a qualidade do desenvolvimento de tais produtos. Assim, este estudo objetiva analisar a estrutura e organização da cadeia de suprimento de insumos para fitoterápicos, procurando compreender as suas inter-relações e suas dificuldades de desenvolvimento. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida em parceria com a Escola de Administração da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) e com o projeto Centro de Estudos Avançados em Biodiversidade e Fitoprodutos (BIO-FITO) da Faculdade de Farmácia da UFRGS. Foram estudados três laboratórios situados no Rio Grande do Sul, que utilizam a planta Maytenus ilicifolia (Schrad.) Planch., conhecida popularmente como “Espinheira-santa”, para a produção de fitoterápicos. Com base nos resultados encontrados, verificou-se que a estrutura da cadeia de suprimentos apresenta dificuldades relacionadas ao fluxo de informações e de produtos e que existem três diferentes formas de estrutura e organização para obtenção de insumos pela empresa focal: compra, verticaliza parcialmente e verticaliza totalmente. A definição dessa estrutura está diretamente relacionada com os recursos disponíveis na empresa e para identificá-la foi criado um modelo teórico. / The use of phytomedicines has grown above average in the world, when compared to the traditional medicines, consisting in a great opportunity of growth and development for the national pharmaceutical industry. Brazil, beyond the fact that possesses the largest biodiversity of plants in the world, possesses also a popular knowledge related to medicinal properties of many herbs and plants, which could lead to the development of new medicines. In the pharmaceutical supply chain, the quality of the raw material is fundamental and could be the difference between the production of an efficient medicine or not. In this context, the supply chain management presents itself as a key element to structure the business relations and to the quality of these products development. Therefore, the aim of this study is to analyze the structure and organization of the raw material’s supply chain for phytomedicines, trying to comprehend the inter-relations and the difficulties of its development. The research was developed in a partnership of the Management School of Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) and the project “Centro de Estudos em Biodiversidade e Fitoprodutos” (BIO-FITO) of Pharmacy School from UFRGS. Three laboratories which use the plant Maytenus ilifolia (Schrad.) Planch. for the production of phytomedicines were studied in Rio Grande do Sul. Based on the results, it was verified that the structure of the supply chain presents difficulties related to the flow of information and products and that exists three different ways of structure and organization to obtain raw materials for the enterprise: purchase, partially integrates and totally integrates. The definition of this structure is directly related to the available resources in the firm and for its identification was created a theoretical model.

A utilização de medicamentos fitoterápicos tem crescido a taxas acima da média em todo o mundo, quando comparada à dos medicamentos tradicionais, constituindo-se em uma grande oportunidade de crescimento e desenvolvimento para a indústria farmacêutica nacional. O Brasil, além de possuir a maior biodiversidade em plantas do mundo, possui um conhecimento popular em relação à propriedade medicinal de muitas ervas e plantas que poderiam balizar o desenvolvimento de novos medicamentos. Na cadeia produtiva farmacêutica, a qualidade da matéria-prima é fundamental e pode ser a diferença entre a produção de um medicamento eficaz ou não. Nesse contexto, a gestão da cadeia de suprimentos se apresenta como parte importante para a estruturação das relações e para a qualidade do desenvolvimento de tais produtos. Assim, este estudo objetiva analisar a estrutura e organização da cadeia de suprimento de insumos para fitoterápicos, procurando compreender as suas inter-relações e suas dificuldades de desenvolvimento. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida em parceria com a Escola de Administração da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) e com o projeto Centro de Estudos Avançados em Biodiversidade e Fitoprodutos (BIO-FITO) da Faculdade de Farmácia da UFRGS. Foram estudados três laboratórios situados no Rio Grande do Sul, que utilizam a planta Maytenus ilicifolia (Schrad.) Planch., conhecida popularmente como “Espinheira-santa”, para a produção de fitoterápicos. Com base nos resultados encontrados, verificou-se que a estrutura da cadeia de suprimentos apresenta dificuldades relacionadas ao fluxo de informações e de produtos e que existem três diferentes formas de estrutura e organização para obtenção de insumos pela empresa focal: compra, verticaliza parcialmente e verticaliza totalmente. A definição dessa estrutura está diretamente relacionada com os recursos disponíveis na empresa e para identificá-la foi criado um modelo teórico. / The use of phytomedicines has grown above average in the world, when compared to the traditional medicines, consisting in a great opportunity of growth and development for the national pharmaceutical industry. Brazil, beyond the fact that possesses the largest biodiversity of plants in the world, possesses also a popular knowledge related to medicinal properties of many herbs and plants, which could lead to the development of new medicines. In the pharmaceutical supply chain, the quality of the raw material is fundamental and could be the difference between the production of an efficient medicine or not. In this context, the supply chain management presents itself as a key element to structure the business relations and to the quality of these products development. Therefore, the aim of this study is to analyze the structure and organization of the raw material’s supply chain for phytomedicines, trying to comprehend the inter-relations and the difficulties of its development. The research was developed in a partnership of the Management School of Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) and the project “Centro de Estudos em Biodiversidade e Fitoprodutos” (BIO-FITO) of Pharmacy School from UFRGS. Three laboratories which use the plant Maytenus ilifolia (Schrad.) Planch. for the production of phytomedicines were studied in Rio Grande do Sul. Based on the results, it was verified that the structure of the supply chain presents difficulties related to the flow of information and products and that exists three different ways of structure and organization to obtain raw materials for the enterprise: purchase, partially integrates and totally integrates. The definition of this structure is directly related to the available resources in the firm and for its identification was created a theoretical model.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:51:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 797.pdf: 2013266 bytes, checksum: ae9809b936ba1bd6944fd325215174fd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-11-29 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / Within the current context of competition, we can perceive the emergence of a new paradigm of business management based on the fact that companies no longer compete isolatedly or individually among themselves, but through the various supply chains they belong to. This new paradigm or concept of management refers to Supply Chain Management (SCM). Particularly, logistics has a significant impact on the SCM concept and represents the fundamental process for this concept as it propitiates the operational arrangement of the supply chain. Thus, this dissertation searched to identify the effects of the adoption of the concept of SCM and its initiatives in the logistic function of the distribution channel companies of grocery products, generating, through the Resource Based View (RBV) as classification approach, the identification of logistic capabilities and resources. For in such way, there was an ample discussion about the concept of SCM and its different views and definitions. In this context, the needed logistic capabilities and resources to adopt SCM concepts and initiatives were identified in the bibliographical revision of this research. This dissertation, through this ample discussion, will contribute to the more development of SCM theory and of unification of the logistic theory. There were various logistic capabilities, like the adoption of logistics function as a strategic activity, the adoption of concept of integrated logistics, the adoption of Lean and Agile Paradigm or Re-supplying. Additionally, there were various logistic resources, like IT (Information Technology) and its tools, the software related to logistics and Logistics Information System, crossdocking. To complement the theory discussion about SCM and logistic capabilities and resources, this research realized three case studies, whose object was to evaluate the adoption and the degree of development of these logistic elements, through the contrast between encountered theory and practice, and identify the main benefits to each company, the expected results but not reached and the main logistic problems faced for each company. With the results from these three cases, there was good adoption in the practice of logistic capabilities and resources, the literature emphasized, independently the degree of development in each company. However, it was evident the discrepancy among the researched companies as for the adoption and use of the logistic change points existent in the literature, and their development degree, that allowed suggest a hierarchy of companies in terms of the implantation of logistic capabilities and resources. Specifically, this dissertation holds a qualitative research approach, as investigative method the multiple case studies, as the instrument of data collection the interview which was carried out by semi-structured questionnaire. / Dentro do atual contexto competitivo, começa a emergir um novo paradigma de gestão empresarial baseado no fato de as empresas não mais competirem apenas entre si de forma isolada ou individual, mas sim através das diversas cadeias de suprimentos nas quais estão inseridas. Esse novo paradigma ou conceito de gestão refere-se à Gestão da Cadeia de Suprimentos (Supply Chain Management, SCM). Destaca-se que a função logística possui impacto significativo sobre o conceito de SCM e representa o processo fundamental para este conceito, na medida em que ela propicia o arranjo operacional da cadeia de suprimentos. Sendo assim, esta dissertação buscou a identificação das implicações da adoção do SCM e de suas iniciativas sobre a função logística de empresas do canal de distribuição de produtos de mercearia básica, gerando, através da Visão Baseada em Recursos (VBR) como abordagem de classificação, o levantamento de capacitações e recursos logísticos. Para isso, houve a necessidade de realização de uma ampla discussão sobre o conceito de SCM e de suas diferentes visões e definições. Ainda nesse contexto, realizou-se o levantamento, a partir da revisão bibliográfica, de capacitações e recursos logísticos necessários à adoção desse conceito. Acredita-se que esta dissertação, através desta ampla discussão, contribuirá para o maior desenvolvimento da teoria sobre o SCM e da unificação da teoria logística. Foram identificadas, no presente trabalho, diversas capacitações logísticas, dentre as quais citam-se a adoção da função logística como atividade estratégica, a adoção do conceito de Integração da logística, a adoção do Paradigma ou Ressuprimento Ágil e Enxuto, dentre outras. Adicionalmente, foram identificados vários recursos logísticos, dentre os quais mencionam-se a TI (Tecnologia da Informação) e suas ferramentas, os softwares relacionados à logística e de Sistema de Informação (SI) logística, o cross-docking, dentre outros. Como forma de complementar a discussão teórica sobre o SCM e as capacitações e recursos logísticos, esta pesquisa realizou três estudos de casos, cujo objetivo foi de avaliar a adoção e o grau de desenvolvimento desses elementos logísticos, por meio do contraponto entre teoria e prática, bem como levantar os principais benefícios trazidos para a logística de cada empresa, os resultados esperados mas não alcançados e os principais problemas logísticos enfrentados por cada empresa. A partir dos resultados destes três casos, verificou-se uma boa adoção, na prática, das capacitações e recursos logísticos destacados na literatura, independentemente do grau de desenvolvimento em cada empresa. No entanto, ficou evidente a defasagem entre as empresas pesquisadas quanto à adoção e utilização dos pontos de mudança na logística existentes na literatura, e seu grau de desenvolvimento, o que permitiu sugerir uma hierarquia de empresas em termos da implantação de capacitações e recursos logísticos. Especificamente, esta dissertação tem como abordagem de pesquisa a qualitativa, como método de procedimento de pesquisa o estudo multicasos e como mecanismo ou instrumento de coleta de dados a entrevista realizada por meio de um questionário semiestruturado.

The Small and Medium-size Enterprises are the key bone of the economy of many nations. The usual definition of SME’s, make up 99.8% of the approximately 19 million enterprises of the European Union (ISO, 2002) and Sweden is not an exception. That is why SME’s faces the strategic challenge of achieving sustained profitable growth. To meet this challenge, SME’s must develop capabilities to integrate their systems. Since ICT gives so many advantages to support the Supply Chain, and MRPII software’s have become a very popular tool in the last thirty years; Our purpose is to answer the following research question: How can MRP II-type computer systems be used effectively to support the manufacturing and organizational integration? The research started with on-site observations and interviews but the development of a model and a survey was needed. After, we linked the research with an already accepted model. The results show how important the human aspect and the accuracy are in the effective usage of an MRP II. It also demonstrates that the MRP II philosophy must be accepted to use the MRP II software profitably. Nevertheless, we modeled the vicious cycle that our case company might deal with, tried to find the root cause and give recommendations to break it. / Små och Mellan- stora företag är många nationers byggstenar. Den vanligaste definitionen av SME´s utgör 99,8% av de uppskattningsvis 19 miljoner företag inom Europeiska Unionen (ISO, 2002) och Sverige är inget undantag. Det är anledningen till att SME´s möter den strategiska utmaningen att uppnå ihållande och vinstgivande tillväxt. För att ta sig an denna utmaningen måste SME´s utveckla förmågor att integrera sina system. Eftersom ICT ger så många fördelar att stödja utbudskedjan, och eftersom MRP II mjukvaror har kommit att bli ett populärt verktyg de senaste trettio åren, kommer vårt syfte bli att svara på följande fråga: Hur kan datasystem av typen MRP II användas för att på ett effektivt sätt underlätta integrering av tillverkning och organisation? Undersökningen startade med observationer samt intervjuer på plats, men utförandet av en statistisk undersökning och en modell var nödvändig efter det att vi redan hade kopplat ihop arbetet med en redan accepterad modell. Reasultaten visar hur viktig den mänskliga faktorn samt exaktheten är i användandet av en MRP II. Den visar också att MRP II filosofin måste vara accepterad innan man kan använda MRP II mjukvaran på ett fördelaktigt sätt. Likväl har vi illustrerat den onda cirkeln som vårt företag måste försöka ta sig ur, försökt hitta den underliggande orsaken och slutligen att ge rekommendationer för att bryta den.