Introduction: Sustainability is humanity’s collective ability to sustain development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of the future generations to meet their own needs. Preceding closely to the World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED) Report of 1987, the General Assembly has adopted the UN Declaration, in 1986 [GA RES. 41/128] and has re-emphasized its importance in the UN Millennium Declaration, 2000. Given this anthropocentric rights basis of sustainability it becomes necessary to understand what this ability and development are with respect to the individual human. Problems of relevance, whose resolution benefits more people in general, are often intractable to the methods of rigorous problem-solving (1). Systemic problems of development score high on relevance, low on being amenable to rigor (1) and are considered wicked in nature (2). Consequently, the concern for sustaining human development is wicked and hence calls for taking a design approach as design is considered good at resolving wicked problems(3). This suggests that the collective ability for sustainability with respect to the individual is design ability i.e. to specify solutions that satisfy requirements arising from having to meet self-determined individual (human) developmental needs. However, literature connecting design, sustainability and human development systemically is found lacking and calls for conducting integrative trans-disciplinary research. Prevention and remedial of consequences of technology to the habitability of earth requires the identification, understanding and control of interactions between humans and between humans and the earth systems. These interactions need to be identified generally and understood systemically in the context of being able to sustain human development. However, despite this need for research in interactions and an integrative framework for informing interventions (4) to prevent or remedy unsustainable situations literature that addresses this need is found inadequate. Research Objective: To develop a descriptive model of interaction to be able to identify and describe interactions and understand interactions at human-scale. To develop a prescriptive framework within which to situate the prevention and remedial of problems related to un sustainability by design and prescribe conditions that ensure coherence of design interventions to principles. Research Method: As is the nature of problems of relevance, the proposed research by nature spans multiple disciplines. Descriptive inquiry into widespread literature spanning conservation, development, systems theory and design is conducted before synthesizing a descriptive model of interaction that situates design cycle as a natural cycle based on interpretation of entropy and Gestalt theory of human perception. A manual discourse analysis of a section of the WCED report is undertaken to inquire into the conceptual system (worldview) behind sustainable development to understand human interactions based on worldview. Addressing the need for choosing alternative goals of development for sustainability, Sen’s capability approach to human development is adopted after critically reviewing literature in this area and synthesizing an appropriate integration of design ability, tools, (cognitive) extension and design capability for human development. Models based on theories spanning design expertise, psychology and systems thinking are reviewed and synthesized into a prescriptive framework and two intervention scenarios based on it. The framework, intervention scenarios and the model are illustrated with evidence from qualitative bibliographic analysis of several cases related to sustaining human development in principle. Results: Sustainability is proposed as a human ability; this human ability is proposed to be design ability to sustain human development. A descriptive model of interaction that situates anthropogenic action as a design cycle is proposed. Based on this model, identifying entities and interactions is demonstrated with examples. It is proposed that humans interact, designing, due to and based on their worldview. Expansion of capabilities as stated in capability approach to lead to human development is ‘extension’ of design ability to design capability mediated by tools. Personal and interpersonal interactions at human scale are described through tool-use categories. A prescriptive framework for sustainability by design that holds human needs as central to interventions for sustainability is proposed. Based on this framework, pro-active and reactive scenarios of design intervention for prevention and remedial of un sustainability are constructed and demonstrated using several cases. Summary: Problems of relevance like sustaining human development are wicked in nature and require knowledge and action mutually informing each other. Addressing the inter-disciplinary nature of the problem requires a design approach as design is known to integrate knowledge from several disciplines to resolve wicked problems. The imperative to be able to sustain human development provides the widest profile of requirements to be met and design is shown to be central to meeting these requirements at the various scales that they surface. Sustainability is defined as humanity’s collective ability to develop meeting needs of the present without compromising the ability of the future generations for meeting their own needs. This collective ability translates to the individual’s design ability to specify solutions that satisfy requirements arising out of having to meet self-determined developmental needs. The process of ‘expansion’ -- of capabilities that free people choose and value – that realizes human development is the process of tools affording the extension of design ability to design capability necessary for progressively satisfying requirements arising out of self-determined needs of increasing complexity. It is proposed that humans interact, designing based on and due to their worldview. Personal and interpersonal interactions at human scale are described through tool-use categories. A prescriptive framework for sustainability by design is developed stating conditions to guide systemic design interventions for preventing and remedying unsustainability within pro-active and reactive scenarios respectively. A descriptive model of interaction is developed to situate and enable understanding of interactions. The framework, scenarios and the model are illustrated using several cases related to sustaining human development.

Five suggested experiments from tested Pro-environmental behavior change studies made in different advance economy countries were applied in the emerging economy tourist destination: Samalayuca Sand Dunes Park in Ciudad Juárez, Chih. México.  Results show that promoting connectivity between  the tourist and the destination, framing actions for tourists who are not aware about sustainable practices, encouraging sustainable actions with non monetary incentives, and reminding tourists faults against the environment are sucessful techniques to enhance pro-environmental behaviors in tourists; while a combination of these practices may enhance positive spillover to increase such actions and thus, helping to close the ”holiday” gap or the unsustainable behavior tourists show during travel. / Cinco experimentos para un comportamiento pro-ambiental sugeridos por diferentes estudios en la materia, son aplicados al destino turístico de Las Dunas de Samalayuca en el municipio de Juárez, Chih. México.  Los resultados prueban que la conección entre el turista y la comunidad que visita, junto con la delimitación de acciones pro-ambientales, la promoción de acciones sustentables con actividades no monetarias, y el recordar las faltas anti-sustentables en el pasado, son ténicas que funcionan para motivar al turista a tener un comportamiento pro-ambiental (en este caso, no tirar basura). Los resultados también muestran que una combinación de éstos experimentos promueve la realización de acciones sustentables más complicadas o con mayor responsabilidad, como recoger la basura de otros, o el reciclaje. / <p>The presentation was given as ViVA, were all opponents and exponents were students. </p> / Pro-environmental behavior in masses

There is an inefficiency of waste management in co-living spaces for students, emphasizing the importance of proper waste sorting. A multifaceted research methodology was initiated with a literature review to understand existing waste management solutions and how they work as a system, followed by attribute studies pivotal for co-living spaces. A potential of product-service systems was explored to facilitate collaboration between students and housing companies. Interviews with students and contextual studies further enriched the understanding of waste management practices. These research methods guided the development of innovative waste management solutions tailored to theunique dynamics of co-living spaces. Stakeholders in this endeavor include students, housing companies, municipalities, and waste management organizations. Instilling correct waste sorting habits, saving costs through reduced fines, more efficient waste processing, and streamlining operations. Our design specifications prioritize user-friendliness, adhering to Nordic sign norms, and a positive user experience. The bins feature designated openings, color coding, visual labels, transparency, and sealable dispensing. Collaborative value is enhanced through interactive elements and aesthetic graphics. We introduce a novel solution: specialized sorting bins with integrated behavioral nudges. Our primary goal is to foster a sense of collective responsibility among residents and promote sustainable waste practices. The final design utilizes recyclable materials. Sustainability is further promoted by encouraging bag reuse. The practical application of sustainability is achieved through nudges and educational graphics on the bins, while social cohesion is fostered through interactive placards. In conclusion, our innovative bin solution offers an effective approach to sustainable waste management in co-living and future work may involve adapting the solution to diverse needs and evolving waste management challenges in shared living environments. / Avfallshantering inom kollektiva (co-living) studentmiljöer saknar effektivisering och understryker vikten av korrekt avfallssortering. För att underlätta samarbetet mellan studenter och bostadsföretag undersöktes potentialen av ett produkt-tjänstesystem för utvecklingen av innovativa avfallshanteringslösningar; detta specifikt för den unika dynamiken i kollektiva utrymmen. Denna potential inkluderar intressenter som studenter, bostadsföretag, kommuner och avfallshanteringsorganisationer som kan leda till förbättringar i korrekta avfallssorteringsvanor, och dessutom spara kostnader genom minskade böter, effektivare avfallshantering och effektivisering av verksamheter. Metoderna som utfördes inkluderade en forskning med hjälp av litteratur, intervjuer och kontextuella studier med studenterna i centrum för att förstå de befintliga avfallshanteringslösningarna, de underliggande systemen, en ökad förståelsen av avfallshanteringsmetoder och relevanta egenskaper. Resultatet blev introduktionen av en lösning i form av specialiserade sorteringskärl som utnyttjar sig av puffning (nudging) för att utöka en känsla av kollektivt ansvar bland invånarna samt utförandet av hållbara avfallsmetoder. Vår designspecifikation prioriterar användarvänlighet, en bättre användarupplevelse och efterliknar de nordiska skyltnormerna. Detta uppnås med variation i former efter typer av förpackning, färgkoder, visuella beteckningar, transparens och förslutningsbar dispensering. För att förstärka samarbetsvärdet användes interaktiva element och estetisk grafik. Kärlen är konstruerade av återvinningsbara material och uppmuntrar därefter återanvändning av säckar tillsammans med kärlen. Den praktiska tillämpningen av hållbarhet uppnås genom puffar och grafiska illustrationer på kärlen, medan social sammanhållning främjas genom interaktiva skyltar. Sammanfattningsvis erbjuder vår innovation en lösning för källsortering på ett effektivt tillvägagångssätt för hållbar avfallshantering i kollektiva utrymmen med ett framtida arbete som kan innebära att anpassa lösningen till olika behov och utvecklande av avfallshanteringsutmaningar i delade livsmiljöer.