Syftet med föreliggande studie är att initiera ett verktyg för granskning av pedagogiskt lärarstöd i digitala läromedel inom de Naturorienterande ämnena. Analysverktyget har utvecklats utifrån tidigare forskning rörande läromedelsdesign, lärarkompetenser och granskning av digitala läromedel. I utformningen av verktyget har vi tagit avstamp i multimodaliteters meningsbärande potential utifrån ett sociosemiotiskt perspektiv på lärande. Vår slutsats är att det är av intresse att ta fram ett verktyg för analys av digitala läromedel som inkluderar multimodaliteters meningsskapande och synliggör lärarpedagogisk potential eftersom granskning av läromedel idag måste genomföras av den enskilde läraren och då torde detta verktyg vara tillämpbart. / The purpose of the present study is to initiate a tool for reviewing pedagogical teacher support in digital teaching materials within science. The analysis tool has been developed based on previous research regarding teaching aid design, teacher competencies and review of digital teaching materials. In designing the tool, our starting point was the potential of multimodality as bearer of meaning from a sociosemiotic perspective on learning. Our conclusion is that it is of interest to develop a tool for analysis of digital teaching materials that includes the creation of meaning in multimodality and makes visible teacher pedagogical potential, as review of teaching materials today must be carried out by the individual teacher hence this tool should be applicable.

This thesis deals primarily with teaching styles - a topic that has not been greatly discussed in Czech pedagogical literature so far. Based on both Czech and foreign sources, this paper identifies and describes in detail various aspects of teaching styles and presents several approaches to study them. Moreover, it puts the above-mentioned topic in a context of other related concepts, such as teaching method, teachers' beliefs etc. It provides an overview of several teaching styles typologies designed by mostly American authors. The empirical part introduces an original research based on both quantitative and qualitative approach. It presents a detailed study of six selected teachers of the English language and based on their responses identifies certain aspects of different teaching styles. The thesis also reveals some of their views and opinions of their profession.

The present study aimed to investigate the self-efficacy levels of prospective teachers and to examine whether attitude towards teaching, competency in subject matter, mentor teacher - student teacher relationship and being a graduate of Anatolian Teacher High School (ATHS) predicted prospective teachers&rsquo / self-efficacy for teaching regarding classroom management, student engagement and instructional strategies. Participants of the study were 179 fourth year prospective teachers of English studying at the Foreign Language Education Departments of Gazi University, Middle East Technical University and Hacettepe University. Data was collected through (1) Teachers&rsquo / Sense of Efficacy Scale (Tschannen-Moran &amp / Hoy, 2001), (2) Relationship with Your Mentor Scale (Capa &amp / Loadman, 2004), (3) Scale for Students&rsquo / Attitudes Towards the Teaching Profession (Semerci, 1999). Data analysis was conducted using the statistical software SPSS 15.0. Results of the study revealed that the prospective teachers of English feel quite positive about teaching when their self-efficacy composite scores were considered. In relation to the self efficacy levels of prospective teachers regarding classroom management, student engagement and instructional strategies, the results of this study showed that pre-service teachers of English believe that they are more efficacious in applying instructional strategies than they are in engaging students and they are found to be the least efficacious in managing the classroom. According to the results attained through hierarchical regression analyses, attitude towards teaching variable significantly predicted self-efficacy composite scores, efficacy scores for student engagement, classroom management and instructional strategies. Self-efficacy composite scores and efficacy for instructional strategies were significantly predicted by the competency in subject matter variable. Mentor teacher-student teacher relationship variable predicted only the efficacy for student engagement scores and finally the findings indicated that being a graduate of ATHSs was a significant predictor for neither efficacy belief composite scores nor the subscales. Findings were discussed in the light of the literature and implications of the findings and recommendations for practice and further research have been presented.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T20:30:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 4021.pdf: 3896844 bytes, checksum: b7f735e3eabc9dcc387395c76e4b6213 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-07-11 / Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais / According to stimulus equivalence paradigm, reading consists of relations among different classes of stimuli, in which some of these stimuli are directly taught and others are derived from direct teaching. The procedure called Matching-To-Sample (or MTS) is usually used in the construction of methods for teaching academic repertoires such as reading, to diverse populations, based on the stimulus equivalence paradigm. With advances in computer, programs were developed for the implementation of MTS tasks using the computer. These programs are widely used in researches, however, broadening the potential of this technology depends on its use in applied settings such as schools. In this case, an existing question refers to which repertoires are necessary for an individual with no formal training in research and without knowledge about the theoretical and methodological assumptions of the area of Behavior Analysis to implement successfully matching-to-sample procedures to teach children in applied settings, such as school. Thus, from a systematic replication of the study in progress, developed by Oliveira (2010), this study aimed to program and evaluates a teaching program of undergraduate students for the implementation of the computerized procedure Matching-To-Sample through two studies, described below. In Study 1, participants were four undergraduate students. Initially, a set of three stimuli was used to teach participants to: (1) program AC (dictated word-printed word) training; (2) implement AC training; and (3) analyze data performance of the learner. The procedure consisted of teaching demonstration followed by instruction to repeat the demonstration. Verbal praise following correct answers and incorrect answers end of the trial and replay of the demonstration. The performance criterion was 100% correct responses. Later, generalization tests were conducted with three new sets of stimuli. Consequences for performance differentials were removed and the performance criterion was 100% correct answers. Study 2 involving three new participants and modification of the teaching procedure. It was conducted in a manner analogous to that described in Study 1, except as provided below. Before the teaching sessions, sessions were held to baseline: (1) program AC training; (2) implement AC training; and (3) analyze data performance of the learner. The sessions were performed as described in Study 1, except that differential consequences for performance have been removed. After, teaching sessions were introduced with a demonstration followed by instruction to repeat the demonstration. Correct answers were followed by verbal praise and incorrect answers within the "Retry" and a new opportunity to respond, unlike Study 1. Criterion to finish sessions was 100% of correct responses. Next, participants were presented with generalization tests. During testing sessions, there were no scheduled consequences for participant responses. Criterion to finish the session was 100% of correct responses. According to the results of Studies 1 and 2, all participants met criterion in the three phases of training and showed generalization of repertoire to news sets of stimuli. Results showed that the procedure may be used as a sound basis for the development of a program for teachers. The results suggest that the procedure may be efficient to teach teachers to implement Matching-To-Sample procedures, extending the technology derived from Behavior Analysis Applied to applied settings, 4 such as classrooms and schools. Furthermore, this study could leverage future research with similar goals. / De acordo com o paradigma de equivalência de estímulos, a leitura pode ser compreendida como uma rede de relações entre diferentes classes de estímulos, em que algumas são diretamente ensinadas e outras derivadas desse ensino. O procedimento de escolha de acordo com o modelo (ou MTS, do inglês, Matching-To-Sample) é usualmente utilizado na construção de métodos para o ensino de repertórios acadêmicos, como leitura, a diversas populações, tendo como base o paradigma de equivalência de estímulos. Com os avanços da informática, programas foram desenvolvidos para a implementação de tarefas de MTS usando o computador. Esses programas são amplamente utilizados em pesquisas, entretanto, a ampliação do potencial dessa tecnologia depende de seu uso em contextos aplicados, como escolas. Nesse caso, uma questão existente refere-se a quais os repertórios necessários para que um indivíduo sem treino formal em pesquisa e sem conhecimentos prévios acerca dos pressupostos teóricos e metodológicos da área de Análise do Comportamento implemente, com êxito, procedimentos de MTS para ensinar aprendizes em contextos aplicados, como o ambiente escolar. Dessa maneira, partindo de uma replicação sistemática do estudo, em andamento, desenvolvido por Oliveira (2010), este trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver e avaliar uma programação de ensino de graduandos para a aplicação computadorizada do procedimento de MTS, por meio de dois estudos, descritos a seguir. No Estudo 1, foram participantes da pesquisa quatro estudantes universitários. Inicialmente, um conjunto de três estímulos foi utilizado para ensinar os participantes a: (1) elaborar tarefas de ensino da relação AC (palavra ditada-palavra impressa); (2) aplicar tarefas de ensino da relação AC; e (3) analisar relatório de desempenho do aprendiz. O procedimento de ensino compreendeu demonstração seguida de instrução para repetir a demonstração. Respostas corretas seguiram elogio verbal e respostas incorretas término da tentativa e reapresentação da demonstração. O critério de desempenho foi de 100% de respostas corretas. Em seguida, foram conduzidos testes de generalização com três novos conjuntos de estímulos. Consequências diferenciais para desempenho foram removidas e o critério de desempenho foi de 100% de respostas corretas. O Estudo 2, proposto em seguida, consistiu de replicação sistemática do Estudo 1, envolvendo três novos participantes e modificação do procedimento de ensino. Foi conduzido de maneira análoga ao descrito no Estudo 1, à exceção do apresentado a seguir. Antes do início das sessões de ensino, foram realizadas sessões de linha de base para: (1) elaboração da tarefa de ensino de AC; (2) aplicação da tarefa de ensino de AC; e (3) análise do relatório de desempenho do aprendiz. As sessões foram realizadas como descrito no Estudo 1, à exceção de que consequências diferenciais para desempenho foram removidas. Após, sessões de ensino foram introduzidas com demonstração seguida de instrução para repetir a demonstração. Respostas corretas foram seguidas de elogio verbal e respostas incorretas da instrução Tente novamente e nova oportunidade para responder, diferentemente do Estudo 1. O critério para término das sessões foi de 100% de respostas corretas. De acordo com os resultados dos Estudos 1 e 2, todos os participantes aprenderam a elaborar e aplicar tarefas de MTS e analisar relatório de desempenho da aprendiz e, além disso, apresentaram generalização de repertório para novos conjuntos de estímulos. Os dados sugerem que o procedimento pode dar base à construção de programas de ensino de professores leigos em Análise do Comportamento e treino em pesquisa para a implementação de procedimentos de MTS computadorizados, estendendo a tecnologia derivada da Análise do Comportamento para ambientes aplicados, como salas de aulas e escolas. Além disso, este estudo poderá alavancar pesquisas futuras com objetivos afins.

The diploma thesis concentrates on characteristics of bilingual teaching at international school. The aim of this thesis is to find out, how is the bilingual teaching at international school organized, what are the specifics of the bilingual teaching, its advantages and disadvatages. The theoretical part of this thesis based on the literature review describes the terms bilingualism, bilingual teaching and international school. The practical part of this thesis is a case study, which describes the organization of bilingual teaching at two Prague international schools. As a method of research were the document analyses and interviews with teachers, who are teaching at bilingual programms in these schools. The outcome of this thesis is data analyses from documents and interviews and based of this analyses determines the recommendation of making bilingual teaching more effective. KEYWORDS bilingualism, foreign language teaching, education in foreign language, international school, bilingual teaching, cooperation between teachers

The focus of this research project was to determine whether thematic unit instruction or traditional, single-subject instruction was perceived to be the more effective and engaging way of teaching as decided by pre-service teachers. Research has shown that incorporating multiple subjects into one unit or topic of study helps to create more engagement and connections to which students can relate. In creating these connections, students can relate the content to their real life and in turn, better comprehend and retain the material. The pre-service teachers attend the University of Central Florida's College of Education and Human Performance. They voluntarily participated in completing a survey about their perceptions of single subject instruction versus thematic unit instruction. In the survey, the pre-service teachers seemed to be varied on what they believed was a better method of instruction for their future students. The pre-service teachers were split 50/50 as to whether they will teach traditionally, single-subject, or thematically. The pre-service teachers were unanimous in the idea that if they had the support of other teachers and administration as well as resources and research to guide them, that thematic instruction is a method of teaching that they would consider using. Nearly all of the teachers surveyed referred back to doing what is in the best interest of their students.

The study examined three Japanese junior high-school English teachers’ initial years of full-time employment. It investigated the type of pedagogical puzzles these teachers experienced, how their practice developed over 18 months, and my role as a Teacher of Teachers (TOT). Drawing on linguistic ethnography, this study took an ethnographic approach to understanding the teachers’ social context and used techniques from discourse analysis to consider how they interpreted their puzzles and constructed their practice. These techniques were also used to analyze my working relationship with the teachers. The purpose of this endeavor was to contribute to the understanding of novice teacher development in an ‘expanding circle’ country. Over the course of the study, I observed the teachers’ classes and interviewed them once or twice a month. Using the coding of interview transcripts and class fieldnotes, I identified Critical Incidents that represented the teachers’ pedagogical puzzles and typical practice, as well as my role as a TOT. Using Cultural Historical Activity Theory(CHAT), I analyzed how elements of the social context brought about the teachers’ pedagogical puzzles and affected their capacity to address them. Coding of the interviews and a microanalysis of the interactions showed my role as a TOT. Overall, the CIs gave an emic portrait of each teacher’s experience and my efforts to support them. The pedagogical puzzles the teachers faced were a result of their personal histories and school conditions. These puzzles did not change, which indicates that teachers will face complex issues that cannot be resolved. Understanding them, however, can promote teacher development. Applying CHAT, I could identify the conditions that helped determine the types of pedagogy in which teachers engaged. I tried to fulfill my role as a TOT by conducting a form of reflective practice (RP). An examination of the RP I conducted with the teachers challenged the notion that it involves the sequential steps of identifying issues, attempting to resolve them, and reflecting on one’s efforts. This dissertation concludes with a discussion about the contributions it has made toward the field of English teacher development: using CHAT to understand the English teaching experiences, the development of an understanding of RP as it can be carried out in the field, an understanding of novice teachers in expanding circle countries, and the value of linguistic ethnography for researching novice teachers.

SILVA, Mirelle Araújo da. A função do Jornal O Lavrador como meio difusor da formação do professor ruralista de Juazeiro do Norte. 2009. 125 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Educação) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Faculdade de Educação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Brasileira, Fortaleza-CE, 2009. / Submitted by Raul Oliveira (raulcmo@hotmail.com) on 2012-08-08T14:07:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2009_DIS_MASILVA.pdf: 3275778 bytes, checksum: 235630e41eb2eb6e807eb8631e10a65d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Josineide Góis(josineide@ufc.br) on 2012-08-09T12:15:55Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2009_DIS_MASILVA.pdf: 3275778 bytes, checksum: 235630e41eb2eb6e807eb8631e10a65d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-08-09T12:15:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2009_DIS_MASILVA.pdf: 3275778 bytes, checksum: 235630e41eb2eb6e807eb8631e10a65d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / The present work deals with the teacher’s formation in the rural area of the State of Ceará, focusing on the teacher’s ideal of the Normal School of Juazeiro do Norte having as topic of research the newspaper O Lavrador during 1934 through 1974, a period that corresponds to the early years of functioning of that School until its closing. This research found that the foundation of that educational institution had as its main goal to make available to the students a rural education because this objective is directly realated to the historical valorization of the agriculture by the northeastern rural agrarian elite, as a vital way to achieve the progress after 1930 Revolution. The aims of this research were: 1) Set up the commented chronology of the school in order to allow a reflexive appreciation of its trajectory. 2) Understand the pedagogical bases of the school, focusing on the rural thought and the support of the New School directrixes. 3) Try to identify and to analyse the changings and the continuities in the formation proposals of the teachers through the 113 issues published during the period of time mentioned above(1934-1974). We used historic and printed sources, these undestood in their multiple possibilities of materialization, cross reference and interpretation, using as an universe of search 113 editions of the O Lavrador, once this newspaper was published for this very school, and distributed by it in the first year of his foundation. We tried to show the results obtained in the contents examining, emphasizing the attention given by that paper on subjects related to the agricultural worker’s life, main events and pedagogical pactices of the school and the divers articles written by the very students. The five decades studied in which the paper existed, allowed us to delimitate de differences and we were able to identify the following features: 1) 1930 – it was the beginning and also the golden era of the school showing the prestige and the notoriety of the Pedagogical Ruralism had in the education of Ceará State; 1940 – the continuity of the previous decade with intense activities; 3) 1950 – is remembered as the time of the publication of many speeches on Ruralims and the celebration of the birthday of Mrs. Amélia; 4) 1960 – it is the beginning of the decline of the issuing of the newspaper and 5) 1970 – it is the end of the school due to the lack of the rural spirit that animate the school during its entire life. The trajectory of the paper was one of deep finnancial difficulties. The word “fight” is always linked to the celebration of the anniversary of the paper as a demonstration of the finnancial difficulties faced by that institution. / Trata da formação docente no meio rural cearense, enfocando o ideal de professor formado na Escola Normal Rural de Juazeiro do Norte tendo como objeto de pesquisa o Jornal O Lavrador, no período de 1934 à 1974, que compreende os primeiros anos do seu funcionamento e até o fechamento desse Estabelecimento de Ensino. Evidencia que o surgimento da referida Escola, baseia-se no propósito de oferecer aos seus alunos uma educação rural, teve relação estreita com o momento histórico de valorização da agricultura pela elite agrária e nordestina, como meio indispensável para a conquista do progresso, após a Revolução de 1930. Os objetivos desta pesquisa foram: 1) Traçar a cronologia comentada da Escola, possibilitando uma reflexão de sua trajetória; 2) Compreender as bases pedagógicas da Escola, enfocando o pensamento ruralista e o apoio das diretrizes da Escola Nova; e 3) Identificar e analisar as mudanças e continuidades na proposta de formação de professores através do estudo das 113 edições publicadas no período de 1934 a 1974. Utiliza fontes historiográficas e impressas, compreendendo-as em suas múltiplas possibilidades de materialização, cruzamento e interpretação, privilegiando 113 exemplares do periódico Jornal O Lavrador, cujo valor consiste em ter sido produzido pela própria escola, que iniciou sua circulação ainda no primeiro ano de fundação daquela instituição. Apresenta os resultados obtidos na análise de conteúdo realizada, destacando a ênfase dada por aquele jornal aos assuntos ligados à vida do lavrador, principais eventos e práticas pedagógicas da escola e diversos artigos escritos pelos próprios alunos. As cinco décadas estudadas e pelas quais o jornal atravessou, permitiram delimitar diferenças e podemos considerar as seguintes características: 1)1930 – marca o inicio da fase áurea da Escola evidenciando o prestígio e a notoriedade que o Ruralismo Pedagógico ocupava na educação cearense; 2) 1940 – a continuidade da década anterior com intensas atividades; 3) 1950 – é marcado pela publicação de palestras sobre o Ruralismo e a comemoração do aniversário de Dona Amália; 4) 1960 – o início do declínio da publicação dos jornais; e 5) 1970 – o fim da Escola é marcado pela ausência do fervor ruralista que iluminou a Escola durante todo o seu funcionamento. Evidencia A trajetória de circulação do jornal O Lavrador é assinalada por intensas dificuldades no que se refere ao custeamento do periódico. Vale ressaltar, que a palavra luta que sempre aparece vinculada a comemoração do aniversário do periódico demonstrando as dificuldades travadas de cunho econômico.