L’implantation du programme d’éthique et culture religieuse (ECR) en septembre 2008 au Québec a généré d’importants besoins de formation chez les enseignants, et ce, particulièrement à l’égard du volet culture religieuse. Les plans régionaux de formation déployés au moment de la mise en oeuvre du programme n’auront pas suffi à répondre aux différents besoins. Certaines activités de formation continue se sont poursuivies dans quelques régions suivant la volonté de conseillers pédagogiques, mais cela demeure une tendance peu répandue. Compte tenu de l’offre limitée de formation proposée par les commissions scolaires à l’égard du volet culture religieuse, les enseignants doivent le plus souvent initier des démarches individuelles d’autoformation pour répondre à leurs besoins. Parmi les moyens jugés efficaces et accessibles se trouvent les manuels scolaires. Jusqu’à quel point les manuels scolaires peuvent-ils contribuer à répondre aux besoins de formation des enseignants d’ECR au secondaire à l’égard de la culture religieuse ? Ce mémoire vise à explorer en quoi et comment les manuels scolaires constituent des instruments d’autoformation pour les enseignants à l’égard du volet culture religieuse du programme de formation en ECR au secondaire, et ce, pour trois principaux objectifs : le rapport qu’entretiennent les enseignants avec le savoir disciplinaire en culture religieuse, les représentations qu’ils ont des manuels scolaires comme outils de développement professionnel et l’expérience d’utilisation qu’ils ont acquise en cours d’emploi. La collecte de données a été effectuée auprès de quatre enseignants via un sondage électronique et des entretiens individuels durant lesquels les manuels ont été examinés par les enseignants en lien avec les besoins qu’ils ont identifiés. Nos résultats montrent que quels que soient la formation initiale et le nombre d’années d’expérience, il existe un déficit de formation en culture religieuse chez les enseignants. De plus, bien que les manuels scolaires constituent des outils utiles et intéressants pour l’autoformation, ils ne suffisent pas à combler les besoins des enseignants. Enfin, les manuels scolaires, bien qu’ils soient destinés aux élèves, sont très souvent utilisés par les enseignants interrogés dans la phase préparatoire de leur enseignement. / Implementing the program of ethics and religious culture (ECR) in September 2008 in Quebec has generated important needs of training among teachers, and particularly concerning the religious culture element. Regional training plans developed at the time of the implementation of the program will be insufficient to meet the different needs. Continuing training activities are pursued in some regions at the request of academic advisors but still not widespread. Given the limited training offered by the school boards towards the religious culture, teachers have to initiate more individual self-study approaches to meet their needs. Some textbooks are accessible and efficient. To what extent textbooks can contribute to meeting teachers training needs in secondary schools concerning the religious culture of ECR? This essay intends to explore on what and how textbooks are self-training tools for teachers with respect to the aspect of religious culture in the ECR program in secondary school, and this, according to three main orientations: teachers relationship with the knowledge of religious culture discipline, images they have about textbooks as professional development tools and the experience they have acquired in continuous training. Finally, we are exploring some contributions and barriers related to the use of textbooks to meet potential training needs among surveyed teachers. The data to be fed will be collected among four teachers via an electronic survey and personal interviews during which manuals will be reviewed according to the needs identified by the teachers. Our results show that textbooks, intended for students, are very often used by teachers interviewed in their preparatory stage, mainly in terms of programs and training content for the upper secondary level.

The academic publishing sector in South Africa is facing many changes and challenges in a post- 1994 democracy. Most of these changes were brought about by the Higher Education Act No 101 of 1997. Challenges and new trends include new business and threats from multinational corporations; a limited buying market at higher education level; a need for localised content; new emerging technologies in publishing and knowledge distribution; the merging of 36 higher education institutions into 22; escalating book production costs and book prices; a non-book buying and book reading culture; illegal photocopying and widespread copyright infringement; changing student and lecturer profiles including the language of instruction; increasing pressure on academics to publish research; inefficient student loan schemes; decreasing library acquisition budgets and the transformation of the publishing industry itself in terms of BBBEE. Within the midst of all these challenges, publishers are faced with a new trend, that of selfpublishing of academic textbooks, which lecturers then prescribe to their own group of students. Self-publishing implies that authors undertake all processes related to publishing on their own, including the financial risk of publishing a book. There is a multitude of literature available on self-publishing, but very little focuses on this trend within the academic environment. A literature survey of self-publishing provided various reasons and conditions for the existence of the phenomenon. The researcher made use of two questionnaires that were sent to academic campus bookshops and academic self-publishing authors. From the results of these two surveys it is evident that academic self-publishing is an increasing trend in the higher education environment of South Africa. Reasons for self-publishing collected from the literature survey were supported by the empirical research findings from the two surveys. The main reasons for self-publishing in the academic environment include financial incentives; a volatile author-publisher relationship; issues of copyright and control; possible rejection suffered by authors; technological advances and a sense of community service among academics and lecturing staff. The study was able to prove the existence of academic self-publishing in the higher education environment of South Africa. Academic self-publishing is most apparent in the academic fields of Business, Economics and Management Sciences to the extent that it could have far-reaching financial impact on markets that are traditionally lucrative for commercial publishers. Commercial publishers are encouraged to engage with author associations and seek out possible new alternatives to satisfying author needs in a changing market place. / Dissertation (MIS)--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Information Science / unrestricted

當談到外語教學時，教材具有相當重要性。其中，教科書更被視為重要的一環，是教師教學的主要資源，也是學生學習的重要指引。因此，教科書評鑑自然地受到重視。透過教科書評鑑，教師能對於教科書有適當認知並妥善利用教科書，另一方面，教科書評鑑能作為編撰者和出版商檢討與改進的參考。然而，文獻有許多有關教科書評鑑的研究，卻很少是從語言行為方面檢視臺灣高中生所使用的英文教科書。 本研究之主要目的為分析讚美、拒絕、請求三種語言行為如何呈現在三民、龍騰、遠東三套不同版本高中英文課本內的對話教材中。首先，統計三種語言行為在三套教科書內的對話中出現的頻率。接著，檢視這三種語言行為在三套教科書呈現的方式並判斷他們是否主要以美國觀點呈現。最後，探索三套教科書和教師手冊是否有提供相關語言行為的跨文化解釋。 研究結果顯示，三套教科書皆呈現三種語言行為，但是各版本著墨不一。另外，三種語言行為在三套教科書呈現的方式並不是完全採用美國觀點。更重要的是，三套教科書和教師手冊中幾乎沒有提供跨文化解釋。 本研究的發現能提供給對語言行為教學有興趣的老師和研究人員參考。研究結果希望激勵教科書編撰者、出版商以及教師重視語言行為教學，並期盼能協助教科書編撰者在未來補強三套教科書中對話教材不足之處。 / When it comes to foreign language teaching, teaching materials, without doubt, have been of vital importance. Textbooks, for teachers, serve as the major teaching resources. They are identified as important guidelines for students as well. Therefore, textbook evaluation has naturally received attention. Through textbook evaluation, for one thing, teachers can gain a proper understanding of textbooks, then making good use of them. For another thing, it enables textbook editors and publishers to examine and improve on textbooks. Although there have been many studies regarding textbook evaluation, few of them have been done on speech act behavior in senior high school English textbooks in Taiwan. The main goal of the current study is to analyze how the three speech acts, compliments, refusals, and requests, are presented in the conversation sections of the three series of the senior high school English textbooks, published by San Min, Lung Teng, and Far East. First of all, the frequency of compliments, refusals, and requests in the three series of the textbooks was examined. The next part was to look at how the three speech acts were presented in these textbooks and whether they showed American preference. Lastly, cross-cultural comparisons and contrasts in the textbooks and their corresponding teachers’ manuals were scrutinized. The results revealed that the three series of the textbooks examined presented the three speech acts in different proportion. Additionally, they were not completely presented in American ways. More importantly, there were few cross-cultural explanations found in the textbooks and their corresponding teachers’ manuals. The findings of the present study can work as reference for teachers and researchers interested in the teaching and learning of speech act behavior. They may motivate textbook editors and writers as well as teachers to place great emphasis on how to teach speech acts well. Last but not least, textbook compilers can compensate for the limitations of the conversation sections of senior high school textbooks in Taiwan in future materials development.

The thesis deals with project of a textbook for commercial Academmies. The theme is a legal form of business (profitable organization). The project is made in such a way the students get total information on this problems. The project is for the students of higher classes. The project consists of o theoretical part and a practical part which is intended for verification of knowledge gained.

The goal of the thesis is to formulate suggestion to Czech universities regarding publication of textbooks and academic texts in electronic formats. The thesis also provides a general view of the Czech ebook market -- the history, formats and digital right management of ebooks are described. The process of ebook elaboration and reading devices with their pros and cons are also mentioned. The comparison of world and Czech ebook and etextbook market is emphasized and the availability of Czech etextbooks and academic text in Czech higher education institutions is mapped. The hypothesis that Czech students' demand for etextbooks is sufficient for profitable etextbook elaboration by Czech higher education institutions in the way that prevents from illegal sharing of content and violating of authorial laws is examined.

This thesis deals with a proposal of high-school course book for the specialization "Public Administration". The aim of the thesis is to offer the textbook of accounting for public sector which covers the needs of both teachers and students. For this purpose, the survey was performed firstly. The respective survey showed that no suitable textbook had been available on the market. The teachers usually use the course book of P. Štohl. Both students and teachers agree on the requirements for this type of textbook. One of them is a lot of practical examples for practicing, then clear arrangement, simplicity and colourfulness. Further to the requirements stated above, I tried to compile such a textbook. The text is divided into chapters according to the accounting classes order. In each chapter, brief summary of the related theory and solved examples are included. Then, additional examples for practicing are available after the end of chapter; their results can be found at the end of the textbook.

Many students currently entering college are able to solve mathematical problems but often do not understand the chemistry concepts underlying their calculations. High school chemistry teachers from Texas and the United States (US) were surveyed as to what topics they teach in their chemistry classes. A subset of Texas teachers was also interviewed about their instruction. The survey indicated that less-experienced Texas teachers are omitting a number of topics from their chemistry instruction, as compared to more experienced teachers. No differences were seen for those topics among US teachers. Chemistry textbooks from 1930 to the current 2002 Texas state adoptions were analyzed for inclusion of these topics. The only textbooks that were missing topics were from the 1930s. All others contained the topics. In general, textbooks have been increasing numbers of questions and problems for each topic, with the number of quantitative problems increasing at a greater rate than qualitative problems. Analysis of interview transcripts revealed that the main reason for omission of topics by less-experienced Texas chemistry teachers is that these topics are not assessed on the Texas Assessment of Knowledge and Skills science exam. Omitted topics were both qualitative and quantitative; the common factor is that they are not tested. School administrators reportedly reinforce this practice. Archival data regarding textbook usage by general chemistry students showed that students' course grades are not correlated to the amount of time they spend using their textbook. With topics included in textbooks, and no relationship between textbook usage and student grades, observed changes in chemistry courses must be due to changes in classroom instruction. With new course standards adopted by Texas for chemistry and the development of end-of-course exams, these changes should produce graduates who understand chemistry concepts as well as they solve mathematical chemistry problems. Repeating this study in 5 years may show that increasing the amount of chemistry tested will produce students entering college with a better conceptual background in chemistry.

The aim of this research is to know the changed and permanent aspects of writing of History related to the evaluated and approved textbooks distributed by ―Programa Nacional do Livro Didático para o Ensino Médio (PNLEM)‖ through analysis of its conceptual metahistoric and substantive concepts. The methodology used was the analysis of the rules set up by announcements of programme on historical concepts considered important. So, we carry out the analysis of present and past collections to the programme in order to know if PNLEM was responsible for an improvement in their conceptual contents as ever identified by researchers on teaching History when they worked on the ―Programa Nacional do Livro Didático para o Ensino Fundamental‖. Our meaningful time goes from 1997 to 2005. The methodological procedures of Analysis of Content by Laurence Bardin (1977) were used to cathegorize the contents extracted in historical propositions in the textbook. The importance of this is to know how much the public policies influence in History textbooks in this teaching level. / Este trabalho tem como objetivo conhecer as mudanças e permanências na escrita da História veiculada nos livros didáticos avaliados, aprovados e distribuídos pelo Programa Nacional do Livro Didático para o Ensino Médio (PNLEM) através da análise de seus conteúdos conceituais meta-históricos e substantivos. Usando como baliza de análise as prescrições dadas pelos editais do programa sobre os conceitos históricos considerados importantes, realizamos a análise das coleções em edições anteriores e posteriores ao programa, visando saber se o PNLEM foi responsável por uma melhora nos conteúdos conceituais das coleções, como já identificado pelos pesquisadores em Ensino de História ao investigarem o Programa Nacional do Livro Didático (PNLD) para o Ensino Fundamental. O nosso recorte temporal abrange o período de 1997 a 2005. Utilizamos os procedimentos metodológicos da Análise de Conteúdo de Laurence Bardin (1977) para categorizar os conceitos que foram extraídos nas proposições históricas presentes no texto didático. A importância desse trabalho está em conhecer o grau de influência das políticas públicas nos livros de História para esse nível de ensino.

Orientadores: Rúbia Barcelos Amaral, Samuel Rocha de Oliveira / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-27T22:59:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bardini_LaisCristina_M.pdf: 4418562 bytes, checksum: 3ab2037e31d19e0e7c84634fa7b27f84 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Resumo: Com a o passar do tempo muitas transformações ocorreram no processo de ensino e aprendizagem, mudanças que vão desde metodologias de ensino até a formação dos profissionais. No entanto, ainda há conteúdos que necessitam um olhar atento como, por exemplo, a Geometria. Hoje nota-se que este conteúdo ainda é motivo de várias discussões e pesquisas, refletindo as dificuldades que os professores apresentam em lecioná-lo. Esta situação colabora para que os professores procurem materiais que possam ajudá-los nas dúvidas decorrentes de seu dia a dia em sala de aula, sendo o mais comum deles o livro didático. Dessa forma, considerando a importância deste material didático e da Geometria, desenvolveu-se uma pesquisa qualitativa, utilizando o método de Análise de Conteúdo, procurando discutir o seguinte problema: Como alguns conteúdos geométricos estão presentes nos livros didáticos. Tendo como objetivo realizar a análise de alguns livros de Matemática utilizados na Rede Municipal de Rio Claro - SP, no 5º ano do Ensino Fundamental, e aprovados pelo PNLD. A primeira categoria, Aspectos Cotidianos, examinou como os livros têm desenvolvido a relação entre os aspectos cotidianos e a Geometria, e se esta ligação tem levado ou não o aluno a compreender, conhecer ou modificar o meio no qual está inserido; considerando que essa relação deve estar além do trabalho envolvendo apenas o uso de figuras cotidianas, semelhantes às geométricas. Já a segunda categoria, Manipulação e Concretização, analisou a questão da utilização dos materiais manipuláveis, como ela é realizada, ou qual o objetivo que a atividade propõe com sua utilização, ou ainda que papel eles desenvolvem em cada livro analisado. A terceira categoria, Nomenclatura, Identificação e Composição, apontou que apesar da literatura afirmar ser importante que o ensino das figuras geométricas envolva suas propriedades e características, a presente pesquisa constatou que o foco nos livros ainda está em apenas nomeá-las e identifica-las. Por fim, a quarta categoria, Relações entre as figuras bidimensionais e tridimensionais, expôs a importância de mostrar ao aluno a relação existente entre as figuras bidimensionais e tridimensionais; porém, essa relação foi pouco observada nos livros analisados. Enfim, este estudo também envolveu a análise das resenhas apresentadas no Guia do Livro Didático (BRASIL, 2013), trazendo o "olhar" do PNLD sobre cada obra, observando qual a avaliação e os resultados que este programa do governo faz sobre elas / Abstract: With the passage of time many changes have occurred in the process of teaching and learning, changes ranging from teaching methodologies to the training of professionals. However, there is contents that need a closer look, for example, the geometry. Today we note that this content is still a matter of much discussion and research, reflecting the difficulties that teachers have in teaches it. This contributes to teachers seek materials that can help them with questions arising from their day to day in the classroom, the most common of the textbook. Thus, considering the importance of this educational material and geometry, developed a qualitative research, using content analysis method, trying to discuss the following problem: As some geometric contents are present in textbooks. Aiming to carry out the analysis of some math books used in the Municipal Net of Rio Claro - SP, in the 5th year of elementary school, and approved by PNLD. The first category, Everyday aspects, examined how the books have developed the relationship between the daily aspects and Geometry, and this link has led or not the student to understand, know or modify the environment in which it is inserted; considering that this relationship should be beyond work involving only the use of daily figures, similar to the geometric. The second category, Handling and Implementation, addressed the issue of the use of manipulatives, as it is performed, or what purpose the proposed activity with their use, or what role they develop in the analyzed book. The third category, classification, identification and composition, pointed out that despite the literature stating it was important that the teaching of geometric figures involving their properties and characteristics, this survey found that the focus is still on the books only name them and identify them . Finally, the fourth category, relations between two-dimensional and three-dimensional figures, explained the importance of showing students the relationship between the two-dimensional and three-dimensional figures; However, this correlation was slightly observed in the analyzed books. Finally, this study also involved the analysis of the review presented in the Textbook Guide (BRAZIL, 2013), bringing the "look" of PNLD on each work, noting that the evaluation and the results that this government program is about them / Mestrado / Ensino de Ciencias e Matematica / Mestra em Ensino de Ciências e Matemática

Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-18T17:54:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTACAO_DESIREE FASE FINAL 29_07_2013.pdf: 13798504 bytes, checksum: a190e9a0537eaefd0dbe6c3e813b6453 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-10-03 / The name search "The Use of the Theory of Intertextuality in Textbook for Teaching Reading", aimed, in general, to identify and analyze the uses of the theory mentioned in the modes of teaching and learning of reading proposed by the Education Textbook key (Cycle II, 6th year). The methodology involved bibliographical studies on the theory of intertextual Text and Reading (Bakhtin, 1979, Kristeva, 1969 and other theorists) in a qualitative study, which was based on Document Analysis (Ludke & André 1986; Gatti, 2005, and Gonsalves, 2005). Was used as the object of analysis, a textbook, selected by the researcher. Justified the present study because, although there are already many researches on the processes of teaching and learning of reading, there is a need also to evaluate the quality of the textbooks most recent (last five years) adopted by public schools of Elementary Education, by the fact that these books have been using often the theory of intertextuality for preparation of didactic sequences on reading. The results obtained, confirmed the initial hypothesis that, despite the current use of the theory of intertextuality by textbook authors, the activities proposed for them are not consistent with the theoretical announced, not leading thus to the formation of the critical reader. / A pesquisa, intitulada O Uso da Teoria da Intertextualidade no Livro Didático para O Ensino da Leitura , objetivou, de modo geral, identificar e analisar os usos da teoria citada nos modos de ensino e aprendizagem da leitura, propostos pelo Livro Didático da Educação Fundamental (Ciclo II, 6º ano). A metodologia envolveu estudos bibliográficos sobre a teoria intertextual do Texto e da Leitura (Bakhtin,1979, Kristeva, 1969 e outros teóricos) em uma pesquisa qualitativa, que se pautou na Análise Documental (Ludke & André, 1986; Gatti, 2005 e Gonsalves, 2005). Foi utilizado, como objeto de análise, um livro didático, selecionado pela pesquisadora. Justificou-se o presente estudo, pois, apesar de já existirem inúmeras pesquisas sobre os processos de ensino e aprendizagem da leitura, há necessidade, ainda, de se avaliar a qualidade dos livros didáticos mais recentes (dos últimos cinco anos) adotados pelas escolas públicas da Educação Fundamental, pelo fato de que estes livros vêm utilizando, com frequência, a teoria da Intertextualidade para elaboração das sequências didáticas sobre leitura. Como resultados obtidos, confirmou-se a hipótese inicial de que, apesar do aproveitamento atual da teoria da Intertextualidade pelos autores de livros didáticos, as atividades propostas por eles não condizem com os pressupostos teóricos anunciados, não levando, assim, à formação crítica do leitor.