Магистерская диссертация выполнена на 90 страницах, содержит 29 таблиц, 45 рисунков, 60использованных источников. Актуальность темы происходит из того, что сейчас происходит смена технологического уклада с индустриального общества в постиндустриальное. Смена формата сопровождается кризисом во всех отраслях экономики, в том числе и в области образования. На текущий момент образование отстаёт от производства. В связи с этим работодатель вынужден тратить средства на переподготовку и переобучение молодого специалиста под нужды его бизнеса. Целью диссертации является разработка модели образовательной платформы для взаимодействия вузов и работодателей в условиях цифровой экономики, которая в дальнейшем позволила существенно сократить средства на переобучение специалиста и расширить возможности образовательных учреждений для адаптации учебных программ под конкретные требования работодателя. Задачи работы: 1. Провести литературно-аналитический обзор по следующим направлениям поиска: проблемы и предпосылки изменений в сфере образования, инновации и инновационные модели в образовании, применение новых технологий в обучении; 2. Разработать бизнес-план и сопутствующую документацию к новой методологии на основе блокчейн-технологий, оценить экономическую эффективность проекта; 3. Смоделировать основные системы новой методологии, провести разработку прототипа на основании документации проекта. Объектом исследования является информационная система для реализации практических задач студентами. Научная новизна ВКР основана на применении технологии блокчейн и машинного обучения в сфере образования. Результаты исследования показали, что представленный проект окупается за два года при ставке дисконтирования 10%. / The master's thesis was completed on 90 pages, contains 29 tables, 45 figures, 60 sources used. The relevance of the topic comes from the fact that now there is a change in the technological mode from industrial to post-industrial society. The change of format is accompanied by a crisis in all sectors of the economy, including in the field of education. Currently, education lags behind production. In this regard, the employer is forced to spend money on retraining and retraining a young specialist for the needs of his business. The purpose of the thesis is to develop a model of an educational platform for the interaction of universities and employers in the digital economy, which subsequently made it possible to significantly reduce funds for retraining a specialist and expand the capabilities of educational institutions to adapt training programs to the specific requirements of the employer. Tasks of work: 1. Conduct a literary and analytical review in the following areas of search: problems and prerequisites for changes in the field of education, innovations and innovative models in education, the use of new technologies in education; 2. Develop a business plan and related documentation for the new methodology based on blockchain technologies, evaluate the economic efficiency of the project; 3. To model the basic systems of the new methodology, to develop a prototype based on the project documentation. The object of research is an information system for the implementation of practical tasks by students. The scientific novelty of the WRC is based on the use of blockchain technology and machine learning in the field of education. The results of the study showed that the presented project pays off in two years at a discount rate of 10%.

Фундаментальные изменения в бизнесе сегодня - это неуклонный отход от иерархических моделей управления. За последние несколько лет термины «цифровой», «гибкий» и «сетевой» стали обычным явлением. Востребованность виртуальных команд подтверждает их эффективность, при этом актуальным остаются вопросы формирования и управления распределенными командами. Целью данного исследования является научное обоснование теоретических положений и разработка практических рекомендаций по формированию и управлению виртуальными командами, учитывающих специфику развития цифровой экономики. / Fundamental change in business today is a steady move away from hierarchical management models. Over the past few years, the terms digital, flexible, and networked have become commonplace. The demand for virtual teams confirms their effectiveness, while the issues of forming and managing distributed teams remain topical. The purpose of this study is to scientifically substantiate the theoretical provisions and develop practical recommendations for the formation and management of virtual teams, taking into account the specifics of the development of the digital economy.

Цель исследования – разработка инвестиционного проекта автоматизации бизнес-процессов на сельскохозяйственном предприятии. Научная новизна выпускной квалификационной работы заключается в определении требований для выбора системы автоматизации предприятия сельскохозяйственного производственного кооператива; определении этапов схемы автоматизации бизнес-процессов организации при ее присоединении к экосистеме; разработке методологии автоматизации внешних бизнес-процессов организации при ее присоединении к экосистеме; составлении бизнес-плана инвестиционного проекта, отвечающего всем заданным параметрам автоматизации бизнес-процессов предприятия. Эффективность исследовательской работы состоит в оптимизации маркетинговой деятельности СПК «Птицесовхоз «Скатинский»» в следствие использования предоставляемых бизнес-экосистемой современных методов работы сельскохозяйственных предприятий, а именно расширение рынка сбыта продукции, продвижение услуг в условиях ограниченного спроса и возможность цифрового управления сельскохозяйственным предприятием. / The purpose of the study is to develop an investment project for the automation of business processes at an agricultural enterprise. The scientific novelty of the final qualification work consists in determining the requirements for choosing an automation system for an agricultural production cooperative enterprise; determining the stages of an organization's business process automation scheme when it joins the ecosystem; developing a methodology for automating the organization's external business processes when it joins the ecosystem; drawing up a business plan for an investment project that meets all the specified parameters of automation of business processes of the enterprise. The effectiveness of the research work consists in optimizing the marketing activities of the SEC "Poultry Farm "Skatinsky"" as a result of the use of modern methods of work of agricultural enterprises provided by the business ecosystem, namely, the expansion of the market for products, the promotion of services in conditions of limited demand and the possibility of digital management of an agricultural enterprise.

Цифровая экономика является современным этапом развития хозяйствующих субъектов, который формирует принципиально новый набор ценностей и факторов поддержания конкурентоспособности, основанных на знаниях и интеллектуальном капитале. Развитие информационных и компьютерных технологий в последние годы в значительной степени усилило турбулентность внешней среды предприятий, поскольку конкуренты получают возможность быстрее и грамотнее принимать решения в масштабах всей цепочки поставок. Цифровизация рассматривается как практическое внедрение кибер-физических систем и систем интеллектуального анализа данных для трансформации и поддержания высокого уровня эффективности основных и вспомогательных бизнес-процессов. В таких условиях человеческий капитал становится одним из основных ресурсов поддержания цифровой трансформации, соответственно предприятиям необходимо формировать адекватную и эффективную кадровую политику, которая позволяет управлять талантами на заре рождения новой конкурентной среды. Кадровая политика представляет собой систему руководящих принципов, которые разумно учитывают сигналы внешней среды и позволяют сформировать приемлемые кадровые стратегии по каждому из ключевых направлений, касающихся отбора персонала, оценки результативности, проведения обучения и развития социально-культурных аспектов внутренней среды. В свою очередь отдельная стратегия должна учитывать интенсивность технологического обновления и возможность преобразования рабочих мест, что требует соответствующих управленческих решенийОсновная научная идея исследования заключается в разработке теоретических и методических положений управления кадровой политикой предприятия в условиях цифровой трансформации экономики, основанных на преобразующей роли отдельных кадровых стратегий и подходе к оценке потенциала трансформации профессиональных задач работников предприятий. / The digital economy is a modern stage in the development of economic entities, which forms a fundamentally new set of values and factors for maintaining competitiveness based on knowledge and intellectual capital. The development of information and computer technology in recent years has greatly increased the turbulence of the external environment of enterprises, as competitors are able to make faster and more intelligent decisions throughout the supply chain. Digitalization is seen as the practical implementation of cyber-physical systems and data mining systems to transform and maintain a high level of efficiency of the main and auxiliary business processes. Under such conditions, human capital is becoming one of the main resources for supporting digital transformation; accordingly, enterprises need to form an adequate and effective personnel policy that allows them to manage talents at the dawn of a new competitive environment. HR policy is a system of guidelines that reasonably take into account the signals of the external environment and allow the formation of acceptable personnel strategies in each of the key areas related to personnel selection, performance evaluation, training and development of socio-cultural aspects of the internal environment. In turn, a separate strategy should take into account the intensity of technological renewal and the possibility of transforming jobs, which requires appropriate management decisions. The purpose of the study is to develop theoretical and methodological issues of managing the personnel policy of an enterprise in the context of the transformation of enterprises under the influence of the digital economy.

In this dissertation, we address the problem of vagueness in traditional legal contracts by presenting novel methodologies that aid in the paradigm shift from traditional legal contracts to smart contracts. We discuss key enabling technologies that assist in converting the traditional natural language legal contract, which is full of vague words, phrases, and sentences to the blockchain-based precise smart contract, including metrics evaluation during our conversion experiment. To address the challenge of this contract-transformation process, we propose four novel proof-of-concept approaches that take vagueness and different possible interpretations into significant consideration, where we experiment with popular vendors' existing vague legal contracts. We show through experiments that our proposed methodologies are able to study the degree of vagueness in every interpretation and demonstrate which vendor's translated-smart contract can be more accurate, optimized, and have a lesser degree of vagueness. We also incorporated the method of fuzzy logic inside the blockchain-based smart contract, to successfully model the semantics of linguistic expressions. Our experiments and results show that the smart contract with the higher degrees of truth can be very complex technically but more accurate at the same time. By using fuzzy logic inside a smart contract, it becomes easier to solve the problem of contractual ambiguities as well as expedite the process of claiming compensation when implemented in a blockchain-based smart contract.

No description available.

The so-called digital economy has been growing exponentially in the emerging economies and it is expected to continue growing around the globe. For this reason, many governments are funding support programmes (e.g. Start-up America in the USA, the UK’s Tech City, and Brazil Startup) to both encourage and facilitate the creation of Digital Start-ups (DSs), defined here as recentlycreated enterprises that produce solely digital products or services. Whilst in some regions there is some evidence that these efforts are starting to pay off, the majority of DSs that have grown to become global digital enterprises remain concentrated in the United States and Europe. In the case of Latin America, the digital economy already accounts for between 2-3.2% of GDP. Nonetheless, most e-commerce transactions occur through platforms based in the United States, with a scarcity of examples of Latin American DSs (LADSs) that have grown to become large digital firms. Despite this, the literature has paid little attention to the relationship that exists between the institutional environment and LADS’s agency. The few extant studies that do exist have focused on either institutional or infrastructure constraints and public policies, or business models and resource analysis. To address this knowledge gap, this research studied LADSs in the four largest Latin American countries (Brazil, Mexico, Argentina, and Colombia), representing three-quarters of the region’s GDP, in order to answer the following questions: How do environmental pressures influence the development of LADSs? How do LADSs respond to these pressures and seize potential business opportunities? The research followed a critical realist philosophical foundation and was operationalised through a qualitative exploratory field study of forty organisations, including DSs, accelerators, investors, government agencies, and not-for-profits. Geel’s (2014) Triple Embeddedness Framework (TEF) was chosen as the theoretical framework to guide this research and integrates constructs from the Lean Start-up method (LSM), which was widely adopted by the LADSs to develop their business models. This study provides empirical support for the constructs outlined in the TEF, identifies crucial shortcomings in LSM, and uncovers new constructs that are necessary to accommodate the DSs’ digital properties, which result in tensions between their embeddedness in the institutional environment, their hybrid embeddedness in a product-sector industry and a digital industry, and their embeddedness in a multi-level organisational field that creates a core-periphery relationship between Latin America and the United States. Therefore, a new framework, entitled DIME, is proposed to assist e-entrepreneurs when developing digital business models to achieve the right firm-environment-fit in Latin America. The findings of this study will also contribute to future research, and to guide policy makers interested in fostering the development of the digital economy in emerging economies.

This paper outlines the core issues of the introduction of a new PE nexus based on digital presence. It puts forward its essential features and rethinks the foundations of the concept of sourcing for income tax purposes in the global economy. Our proposal of a new PE nexus based on digital presence is also supported by a theoretical reconstruction in the light of a new dimension for the benefit theory. Our work directly relates to Action 1 of the OECD/G20 BEPS Project. However, the development of a new PE nexus is in fact not an instrument to counter BEPS, but reflects a structural revision of the criteria for allocating taxing rights on cross-border business income in the era of the digital economy. This paper should be understood as a discussion paper and first proposal to shed further light on (i) whether there is a theoretical justification for a new PE nexus based on digital presence, (ii) how a new PE nexus based on digital presence could be defined and (iii) whether and how potential implementation issues could be resolved. By publishing the present blueprints for a new PE nexus, the authors wish to provoke a more concrete discussion on this particularly important matter. (authors' abstract) / Series: WU International Taxation Research Paper Series

No description available.

La question de l’aménagement du territoire est constitutive de toute étude portant sur le tourisme. Elle légitime d’une part la prise en considération d’un secteur sous-estimé, et ouvre par ailleurs à la recherche académique un champ d’application privilégié de par ses effets socioculturel, esthétique, technologique et économique tangibles, et sa portée géopolitique. Ainsi notre projet se situe à la confluence de deux orientations complémentaires. La première s’intéresse au développement des connaissances en tourisme, ainsi qu’à celle des schèmes qui progressivement les façonnent, et vise à en dégager un essai de redéfinition du tourisme, à la fois objet et outil de notre réflexion. Le second vecteur de notre recherche est l’application de cet essai de lecture épistémologique à l’étude des évolutions de l’aménagement touristique du territoire, issues des mutations de l’industrie du tourisme, réflexion en prise directe avec l’actualité touristique et aiguillage possible de politiques d’aménagement. À une synthèse des fondements de l’aménagement du territoire, succède une analyse de l’essor de clientèles émergentes dans le contexte positif du tourisme international. Cette occurrence se double de la mutation numérique du marché touristique qui, de par l’expansion des agences et comparateurs de voyages en ligne, réorganise et diversifie les rôles en redéfinissant la chaîne de valeur entre producteurs et distributeurs. Une analyse des évolutions de la station touristique et des stratégies des nouvelles métropoles touristiques finalise notre recherche. L’ensemble cible dorénavant une clientèle aisée, et requalifie le devenir de l’industrie touristique, activité de classe. / The issue of land-use planning is constitutive of any study on tourism. It legitimates consideration of an underrated sector on the one hand, and moreover opens up a field of application to academic research through its tangible sociocultural, aesthetic, technological and economic effects, and geopolitical impact. So our project is located at the confluence of two complementary orientations. The first focuses on the development of tourism knowledge as well as on the patterns that gradually shape them. It aims to highlight a redefinition attempt of tourism both subject and tool of our reflection. The second vector of our research is the application of this attempt of epistemological reading to the study of the developments in the tourist land-use planning, resulting from the changes in the tourism industry, a reflection in tune with the tourist news and possible switchpoint of land-use planning policies. An analysis of the rise of emerging clienteles in the positive context of international tourism succeeds to a summary of the basis for land-use planning. This instance is coupled with the digital mutation of the tourist market which, due to the expansion of agencies and online travel comparators, reorganizes and diversifies roles by redefining the value chain between producers and distributors. An analysis of the tourist resorts developments and of the new tourist metropolis strategies finalizes our research. The whole targets a wealthy clientele, and classifies the fate of the tourism industry as a class activity.