No / Objective To assess the learning effect, test–retest reliability and measurement error associated with the SEBT. Design Repeated-measures study. Setting Controlled university laboratory environment. Participants Twenty-two healthy recreational athletes (11 male age 22.3 ± 3.7 years, 11 female age 22.8 ± 3.1 years). Main Outcome Measures Repeated-measures ANOVA assessed learning affects. Intraclass correlations coefficients, standard error of measurement and smallest detectable difference values were calculated to assess reliability and measurement error. Results Results showed that excursion distances stabilised after four trials, therefore trials five to seven were analysed for reliability. Test–retest reliability for all reach directions was high, with intraclass correlation coefficients ranging from 0.84 to 0.92. 95% confidence intervals, standard error of measurement and smallest detectable difference ranged from 77.84 to 94.00, 2.21–2.94% and 6.13–8.15%, respectively. Conclusion These statistics will allow clinicians to evaluate whether changes in SEBT scores are due to change in an individual’s performance or random error. The findings of this study show that the SEBT is a reliable measure of lower limb function in healthy recreational athletes. Changes in normalised scores of at least 6–8% are needed to feel confident that a real change in SEBT performance has occurred.

Bakgrund: Medvetenhet om kropp och rörelse nämns ofta som en viktig fakor i att öka prestationsförmåga, undvika skador, nå högre livskvalitet och förbätta sjukdomstillstånd. Det har länge funnits ambitioner att förbättra rörelse genom ökad medvetenhet. Feldenkraismetoden är en metod för att förbättra rörelse genom förhöjd rörelsemedvetenhet och är förenlig med nutida vetenskap men förhållandevis lite empirisk forskning stöder metodens effektivitet. De flesta tidigare studier har varit på någon form av dysfunktion och ofta subjektiv upplevelse snarare än objektiva värden. Det har varit svårt för Feldenkraispedagoger att finna rätt mätmetoder för att utvärdera metoden. Syfte: Studiens syfte är att utvärdera effekten av träning för ökad rörelsemedvetenhet enligt Feldenkraismetoden på rörelse hos friska personer genom kvantitativ mätning. Metod: Friska kvinnor i en experimentgrupp (n=4, 30±7 år) och en kontrollgrupp (n=4, 26±2 år) testades med fem kvantitativa rörelsetester; one-leg standing balance, one-leg standing long jump, standing triple jump, star excursion balance test och upper quarter Y-balance test, innan och efter en intervention ledd av en auktoriserad Feldenkraispedagog där experimentgruppen genomgick tio träningsfällen enligt Feldenkraismetoden under fem veckors tid. Resultat: Signifikant förbättring (P≤0,05) i förhållande till både förtest och kontrollgrupp sågs vid star excursion balance test för vänster ben. Slutsats: Träning för ökad rörelsemedvetenhet enligt Feldenkraismetoden verkar kunna leda till förbättring i kvantitativt mätt rörelse hos friska kvinnor. Vidare forskning med fler deltagare är nödvändig för att bättre besvara hypotesen att träning för ökad rörelsemedvetenhet genom en intervention med Feldenkraismetoden leder till förbättrade resultat i de utvalda testerna hos friska personer. / Background: Awareness of body and movement is often mentioned as an important factor in increasing performance ability, avoiding injury, reaching a higher quality of life and improving conditions of illness. There has long been an ambition to improve movement through increased awareness. The Feldenkrais method is a method for improving movement through increased movement-awareness and is compatible with modern science. but comparatively little empirical research supports the methods effectivity. Most earlier studies have been on subjects with some form of dysfunction and often on subjective experience rather than objective measurements. It has been challenging for Feldenkrais-practitioners to find suitable ways of measurement for evaluating the method. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of training for increased movement-awareness according to the Feldenkrais method on movement in healthy subjects by quantitative measurements. Method: Healthy women in an experiment-group (n=4, 30±7 years) and a control-group (n=4, 26±2 years) were tested with five quantitative movement-tests; one-leg standing balance, one-leg standing long jump, standing triple jump, star excursion balance test and upper quarter Y-balance test, before and after an intervention where the experiment-group went through ten training sessions according to the Feldenkrais method during five weeks time. Results: Significant improvement (P≤0,05) in comparison to both pre-test and change in the control-group was seen for star excursion balance test of the left leg. Conclusion: Training for increased movement-awareness according to the Feldenkrais method seem to be able to improve quantitatively measured movement in healthy women. Further research with more participants is necessary to better answer the hypothesis that training for increased movement-awareness in accordance with the Feldenkrais method leads to improved results in the chosen tests in healthy persons.

The rate at which stars have formed throughout the history of theuniverse is not constant, it started out slow, increased until around redshift ∼ 2 when it reversed and became slower again. The reason for this behaviour is still being investigated with various models and simulations usually based upon dark matter halos. The aim of this study is to instead investigate whether there is a correlation between the cosmic star formation rate and the evolution of cosmic voids. This is achieved by comparing the total mass flow from voids with the amount of matter forming stars. A simple model of void mass flow is created and compared with observational data of star formation. The model is shown to exhibit the same behaviour as the star formation rate indicating that there is indeed a correlation between void evolution and star formation. This suggests it to be fruitful to create a more involved, alternative model of star formation based upon void evolution as opposed to the common halo evolution / Hur snabbt stjärnor bildas har genom universums historia förändrats över tid, det började långsamt och ökade sedan fram till rödförskutning ∼ 2 då trenden vände och saktade ner igen. Förklaringen till detta beteende utforskas fortfarande genom diverse modeller och simularingar som vanligtvis bygger på mörk materia halos. Syftet med detta arbete är att istället undersöka ifall det finns en korrelation mellan tomrumsutveckling och den kosmiska stjärnbildningen. Detta åstadkoms genom att jämföra det totala massflödet från tomrum med den massa som bildar stjärnorna. En simpel model för tomrumsutveckling skapas och jämförs med observationell data för stjärnbildningshastighet. Denna modell visar samma beteende som stjärnbildningen och tyder på att det finns en korrelation mellan denna och tommrumsutveckling. Som slutsats pekar denna studie på att det kan vara fruktbart att utveckla en mer anancerad modell för den kosmiska stjärnbildningen som bygger på tomrumsutveckling istället för mörk materia halos.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T14:31:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Veronica Francisco Mapatse.pdf: 396286 bytes, checksum: 3d624ce8f8cda83709b3ec04043e8ac5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-07-31 / This present research aims to contribute with information that allow to bring back geographic excursions for everyday learning, once its absence is recognised its important as well I hereby intend to revise the theories about geography teaching methodologies with focus on direct observation and more concretely on geography excursions, so as to sustain and find alternatives for its attainment. Due to the nature of objectives and study object, the research is based on a qualitative study by developing a case study. A grade 10 rural in Sofala province was the research target. In this present study, I seek to identify the potentialities that teachers and students present, diagnosing the component excursion of geography in the Teaching and Learning Process. It also establishes the relationship between the regional geographic conditions and the geography teaching contexts. The research revealed that the geographic excursions do not take part in the everyday learning, its absence is related to difficulties of conceptualisation of excursion found in teachers and not working conditions due to large numbers of students as supposed before. This research findings motivate the feasibility of excursions in the national conditions, by doing so it could be a contribution in bringing back direct observation through school excursion, in this case elevating teachers and students activities in Teaching and learning Process in this subject, with the ultimate intention of improving the quality of education in Mozambique / A presente pesquisa perspectiva contribuir com subsídios que permitam retornar as excursões geográficas ao quotidiano escolar, uma vez ter reconhecido a sua ausência e, ao mesmo tempo a sua importância Para o efeito, faço uma revisão teórica sobre as metodologias de ensino da Geografia, sobretudo no que concerne à observação directa e mais concretamente as excursões geográficas, para encontrar sustento e alternativas para a sua consecução. Pela natureza dos objectivos e do objecto de estudo, baseio-me na pesquisa qualitativa, desenvolvendo um estudo de caso. Foi alvo de pesquisa a 10ª classe de uma escola rural da província de Sofala. Neste estudo, procuro identificar as potencialidades e constragimentos que os professores e alunos apresentam, diagnosticando a componente excursões no PEA da Geografia. Estabeleço a relação entre as condições geográficas da região e os conteúdos de ensino da Geografia. A pesquisa revelou que as excursões geográficas não fazem parte do quotidiano escolar, e esta ausência está relacionada com dificuldades de conceituação de excursões por parte dos professores, e não propriamente com as condições de trabalho, devido ao elevado número de alunos como era suposto. Estas constatações motivaram a pesquisa de excursões viáveis para as condições nacionais, de modo que esta fosse um contributo para retornar a observação directa por meio da excursão à escola, elevando deste modo as actividades dos alunos e professores no PEA desta disciplina, com intenção última de melhorar a qualidade em Moçambique .

INTRODUCTION: Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a sensorimotor disorder characterized by dysfunctional motor coordination, balance problems, and loss of selective motor control. Motor coordination exhibited as co-contraction, has been subjectively quantified using gait analysis, but recent studies have begun to objectively analyze the amount of co-contraction by collecting electromyography (EMG) data. Center of pressure excursion (COPE) measurements collected during a single leg standing test (SLST) have shown to be more valid measurements of balance in populations with motor disabilities than a SLST alone. A recent study has correlated increased COPE velocity with a lower fall risk as determined by reported fall frequency, suggesting a more objective measure of fall risk. The current study aimed to determine if the fall risk calculated by COPE velocity in children with CP is correlated with co-contraction index value in various muscle synergy groups. It was hypothesized that i) co-contraction index values will differ between high and low fall risk groups, ii) there will be preferential activation of different synergy groups within the high and low fall risk groups, and iii) there will be a negative and direct correlation between COPE velocity and co-contraction index values for all synergy groups. METHODS: Fall risk grouping was determined by average COPE velocity values calculated from previously reported fall frequency groups. Balance ability was determined by COPE measurements during a SLST on a force plate. Muscle synergy groups were determined by common muscle pairings at the hip, knee and ankle. Co-contraction indices were determined from linear envelopes plotted from muscle group EMG data. An independent t-test was run on muscle synergy groups between high and low fall risk groups. Nonparametric Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Tukey post-hoc tests were run on the high and low fall risk groups separately to determine differences in co-contraction index value within high and low fall risk groups. A Pearson correlation analyzed COPE velocity and co-contraction index value. RESULTS: No significant differences in muscle synergy between the high and low fall risk groups were found (p = 0.476, 0.076, 0.064, 0.364). The ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc tests for high fall risk group found significant differences in co-activation index value between the sagittal hip and frontal hip groups (p = 0.022) and sagittal hip and ankle groups (p = 0.016). Low fall risk group was found to have significant differences between the sagittal hip and frontal hip groups (p = 0.038) and frontal hip and knee groups (p = 0.012). Weak and negative correlations were found between COPE velocity and both knee and ankle groups (r = -0.309, -0.323, p = 0.059, 0.050). Negligible and insignificant correlations were found between frontal hip and sagittal hip synergies and COPE velocity ((r = 0.013, -0.068, p = 0.475, 0.367). CONCLUSION: There is insufficient evidence to claim that muscle group activations are different depending on fall risk grouped by COPE velocity. It is not currently possible to correlate COPE velocity to a specific synergy group recruitment. However, data do suggest that sagittal hip and knee strategies are recruited more than ankle and frontal hip strategies during SLST.

This thesis examines Yoon-Seong Cho's critically acclaimed recording Jazz Korea, in which Cho unites Korean folk music and American jazz into a single form of expression. By reinterpreting Korean folk music through jazz, Cho stimulated interest in the Korean jazz scene and a renewed interest in Korean traditional folk songs. The goal of the thesis, the first musicological essay about Yoon-Seong Cho, is to understand how Cho's diasporic experiences affected his music by leading to a process of self-discovery that allowed Cho to interpret his own identity. Through musical analysis, the study proposes a cultural interpretation of two of Cho's pieces that have achieved popularity not only among Koreans but also internationally: "Arirang" and Han-O-Baek-Nyun.

Title: The effect of chosen manual techniques on static and dynamic postural stability in physiotherapy students. Aims: The main aim of this study is to assess the effect of chosen manual techniques on participants' static and dynamic postural stability. Summary: The study was done from May to December 2019. A total of 100 subjects aged 19-38years took part in the study. Participants were randomly divided into two groups - experimental and control. Postural stability was measured by the following tests: Star Excursion Balance test, Unipedal Stance test, Timed Up and Go test and Sit to Stand test. These standardised measurements were taken before intervention, after intervention and a week from intervention. Experimental group undertook the intervention by manual techniques, which took 20 minutes. Outcomes were written into recording sheets. Final data were processed using Microsoft Excel 2013, IBM SPSS Statistics V26 and TIBCO Statistica 13.3.0. To calculate differences, the following statistical methods were used: Shapiro-Wilk test, independent T-test and Mann-Whitney U test. To measure effect size, Cohen's d was used. The level of statistical significance was determined to α = 0,05. The clinical significance was assessed by these levels: d = 0,2-0,49 (small effect), d = 0,5-0,79 (medium effect),...

<p>Крајем XX и почетком XXI века дошло је до интензивне урбанизације и индустријализације које су условиле низ проблема из области заштите животне средине, али и квалитета човековог живота. Довеле су до убрзаног начина живота и мало слободног времена које се обично неквалитетно проводи. Ако се&nbsp; ту дода и економски аспект долази се до поражавајућих резултата. Мир, тишина и одмор &ndash; било активан или не, потребни су сваком људском бићу да би правилно функционисало, насупрот буци, густом саобраћају, пренасељености и сличним одликама савременог друштва које и сам Београд има. Пошто се дата ситуација не може променити, ваљано је прилагодити се и променити поједине навике на опште задовољство. Ту ступа на сцену излетничко-рекреативни&nbsp; туризам. Овај вид туризма сваки становник Београда може себи приуштити пошто не захтева много времена и финансијских средстава.</p><p>У самом граду су познате парк-шуме &nbsp;Топчидер и Кошутњак које пружају одличан простор за брзо склањање у мирну оазу, иако сте у самом граду. Реке Дунав и Сава, имају одличне шеталишне стазе, а Ада Циганлија са богатим излетничко- рекреативним програмима у моменту ће омогућити да се заборави да смо били у градској вреви. Не треба заборавити и Велико ратно острво са богатом орнитофауном. Са мало више времена треба да се располаже уколико се жели отићи до Авале, надомак Београда. Она пружа пун доживљај одласка из града, јер ће се шетњом кроз шуму, утабаним стазама полако стићи и доживети ова ниска планина, и брзо стићи до врха јер стазе нису превише захтевне. Уз доживљај Авалског торња и Споменика Незнаном јунаку дан ће бити испуњен. Космај се мора волети због дугих уређених стаза.&nbsp;Фрушка гора је посебна на свој начин и у односу на друге обрађене планина&nbsp; пружа највише могућности за реализацију више различитих видова туризма. Дуге шеталишне стазе, бициклизам, маратони и незаобилазне манастирске туре само су део доживљаја шта ова планина може да пружи. Вршачке планине на граници са Румунијом и специфичним климатским карактеристика, а Дивчибаре, са&nbsp; дивљином може да прикаже праве природне пејзаже. Све ове излетничко- рекреативне дестинације осим природних пружају и разноврсна културно-историјска богатства. У близини Београда је Обедска бара, а нешто даље, поред Зрењанина Царска бара. Оне су посебно интересантне за ученике основних и средњих школа. У град Суботицу треба свратити јер је надомак Палићког комплекса који је и један од омиљених дестинација на листи туристичких&nbsp; агенција. У Ваљево треба отићи да би се доживело старо градско језгро Тешњар, као што треба обићи и његову околину која зрачи културно-историјским духом. На нешто већој удаљености, али исто надомак су и Ђердап и Сребрно језеро. Ђердап са непоновљивим природним пределом, а на Сребрно језеро лети на купање, а у свим осталим годишњим добима за задовољење излетничко-рекреативних потреба.</p> / <p>Krajem XX i početkom XXI veka došlo je do intenzivne urbanizacije i industrijalizacije koje su uslovile niz problema iz oblasti zaštite životne sredine, ali i kvaliteta čovekovog života. Dovele su do ubrzanog načina života i malo slobodnog vremena koje se obično nekvalitetno provodi. Ako se&nbsp; tu doda i ekonomski aspekt dolazi se do poražavajućih rezultata. Mir, tišina i odmor &ndash; bilo aktivan ili ne, potrebni su svakom ljudskom biću da bi pravilno funkcionisalo, nasuprot buci, gustom saobraćaju, prenaseljenosti i sličnim odlikama savremenog društva koje i sam Beograd ima. Pošto se data situacija ne može promeniti, valjano je prilagoditi se i promeniti pojedine navike na opšte zadovoljstvo. Tu stupa na scenu izletničko-rekreativni&nbsp; turizam. Ovaj vid turizma svaki stanovnik Beograda može sebi priuštiti pošto ne zahteva mnogo vremena i finansijskih sredstava.</p><p>U samom gradu su poznate park-šume &nbsp;Topčider i Košutnjak koje pružaju odličan prostor za brzo sklanjanje u mirnu oazu, iako ste u samom gradu. Reke Dunav i Sava, imaju odlične šetališne staze, a Ada Ciganlija sa bogatim izletničko- rekreativnim programima u momentu će omogućiti da se zaboravi da smo bili u gradskoj vrevi. Ne treba zaboraviti i Veliko ratno ostrvo sa bogatom ornitofaunom. Sa malo više vremena treba da se raspolaže ukoliko se želi otići do Avale, nadomak Beograda. Ona pruža pun doživljaj odlaska iz grada, jer će se šetnjom kroz šumu, utabanim stazama polako stići i doživeti ova niska planina, i brzo stići do vrha jer staze nisu previše zahtevne. Uz doživljaj Avalskog tornja i Spomenika Neznanom junaku dan će biti ispunjen. Kosmaj se mora voleti zbog dugih uređenih staza.&nbsp;Fruška gora je posebna na svoj način i u odnosu na druge obrađene planina&nbsp; pruža najviše mogućnosti za realizaciju više različitih vidova turizma. Duge šetališne staze, biciklizam, maratoni i nezaobilazne manastirske ture samo su deo doživljaja šta ova planina može da pruži. Vršačke planine na granici sa Rumunijom i specifičnim klimatskim karakteristika, a Divčibare, sa&nbsp; divljinom može da prikaže prave prirodne pejzaže. Sve ove izletničko- rekreativne destinacije osim prirodnih pružaju i raznovrsna kulturno-istorijska bogatstva. U blizini Beograda je Obedska bara, a nešto dalje, pored Zrenjanina Carska bara. One su posebno interesantne za učenike osnovnih i srednjih škola. U grad Suboticu treba svratiti jer je nadomak Palićkog kompleksa koji je i jedan od omiljenih destinacija na listi turističkih&nbsp; agencija. U Valjevo treba otići da bi se doživelo staro gradsko jezgro Tešnjar, kao što treba obići i njegovu okolinu koja zrači kulturno-istorijskim duhom. Na nešto većoj udaljenosti, ali isto nadomak su i Đerdap i Srebrno jezero. Đerdap sa neponovljivim prirodnim predelom, a na Srebrno jezero leti na kupanje, a u svim ostalim godišnjim dobima za zadovoljenje izletničko-rekreativnih potreba.</p> / <p>At the end of XX and beginning of XXI century there has been intense urbanization and industrialization, which caused a number of problems in the field of environmental protection, but also the quality of human life. Led to a rapid way of life and a bit of free time that are usually poorly implemented. If there are added and economic aspects leads to devastating results. Peace, quiet and relaxation - whether active or not, are required every human being in order to function properly, as opposed to noise, heavy traffic, overpopulation and similar characteristics of modern society, which itself has Beograd. Since the data can&rsquo;t change the situation, rolled it up and adapt to change certain habits to general satisfaction. Here comes in the excursion and recreational tourism. This type of tourism every citizen of Belgrade can afford as it does not require much time and financial resources.</p><p>In the city known forest park Topcider and&nbsp; Kosutnjak that provide an excellent place for a quick removal of the peaceful oasis, even though you are in the city. The rivers Danube and Sava, have excellent pedestrian&nbsp; paths, and Ada Ciganlija with rich excursion and recreational programs at the moment will allow you to forget that we were in the bustle. We should not forget the Great War Island with rich ornithofauna. With a little more time to be available if they want to go to Avala, near Belgrade. It provides a full experience of leaving the city, because it will be a walk through the woods, trodden paths, and slowly get to experience this low mountains, and quickly get to the top because the trails are not too demanding. With the experience of the Avala Tower and the Monument to the Unknown&nbsp; Soldier Day will be filled. Kosmaj must love me for long groomed trails. Fruska gora is special in its own way and in relation to other processed mountain offers the most features for the realization of a number of different types of tourism. Long pedestrian paths, cycling, marathons and unavoidable monastery tours are just part of the experience of what this mountain has to offer. Vrsac mountains on the border with Romania and specific climatic characteristics, Divcibare, with the wilderness can display real natural landscapes. All of this excursion and recreational destination other than natural and provide a variety of cultural and historical wealth. Near Belgrade Obedska bar, a little further, near Zrenjanin Imperial bar. They are particularly interesting for elementary and secondary schools. The city of Subotica need to stop because it is close to Palic complex that is one of the favorite destinations on the list of travel agencies. In Valjevo need to go to the old town center suffered Tesnjar, as it needs to take a tour of the surrounding area that radiates cultural and historical spirit. On a somewhat greater&nbsp; distance, but they are also close to the Iron Gates and Silver Lake. Djerdap with unique natural zones, and at Silver Lake flying to swimming, and in all other seasons to enjoy the excursion and recreational needs.</p>

Presented work studies the possibilities of recently established protected landscape area (PLA) Brdy for a systematic use in teaching nature and biology related subjects at schools closely neighboring the PLA. The theoretical part of this diploma work makes a resume of basic information regarding the legal status of PLA's and introduces the reader into main facts about the PLA Brdy focusing on its natural aspects and specifics. General methods of education are reviewed briefly, followed by a more detailed discussion about the educational form of field trip and about possibilities how such trips or excursions to the PLA Brdy can be used in the education practice. The key part of this work is a relatively large questionnaire research for teachers, pupils and students of elementary and secondary schools next to Brdy. It establishes a database of their approaches to and existing experiences with field trips generally and excursions into PLA Brdy in particular. Two separate questionnaires have been used: one for teachers (16 questions, 26 respondents) and another one for pupils and students (30 questions, 152 respondents). Therefore, the database is composed of nearly 5000 responses which have been analyzed. The results show that interviewed pupils and students are clearly interested in the nature and...

Anomale Diffusion ist ein weitverbreiteter Transportmechanismus, welcher für gewöhnlich mit ensemble-basierten Methoden experimentell untersucht wird. Motiviert durch den Fortschritt in der Einzelteilchenverfolgung, wo typischerweise Zeitmittelwerte bestimmt werden, entsteht die Frage nach der Ergodizität. Stimmen ensemble-gemittelte Größen und zeitgemittelte Größen überein, und wenn nicht, wie unterscheiden sie sich? In dieser Arbeit studieren wir verschiedene stochastische Modelle für anomale Diffusion bezüglich ihres ergodischen oder nicht-ergodischen Verhaltens hinsichtlich der mittleren quadratischen Verschiebung. Wir beginnen unsere Untersuchung mit integrierter Brownscher Bewegung, welche von großer Bedeutung für alle Systeme mit Impulsdiffusion ist. Für diesen Prozess stellen wir die ensemble-gemittelte quadratische Verschiebung und die zeitgemittelte quadratische Verschiebung gegenüber und charakterisieren insbesondere die Zufälligkeit letzterer. Im zweiten Teil bilden wir integrierte Brownsche Bewegung auf andere Modelle ab, um einen tieferen Einblick in den Ursprung des nicht-ergodischen Verhaltens zu bekommen. Dabei werden wir auf einen verallgemeinerten Lévy-Lauf geführt. Dieser offenbart interessante Phänomene, welche in der Literatur noch nicht beobachtet worden sind. Schließlich führen wir eine neue Größe für die Analyse anomaler Diffusionsprozesse ein, die Verteilung der verallgemeinerten Diffusivitäten, welche über die mittlere quadratische Verschiebung hinausgeht, und analysieren mit dieser ein oft verwendetes Modell der anomalen Diffusion, den subdiffusiven zeitkontinuierlichen Zufallslauf. / Anomalous diffusion is a widespread transport mechanism, which is usually experimentally investigated by ensemble-based methods. Motivated by the progress in single-particle tracking, where time averages are typically determined, the question of ergodicity arises. Do ensemble-averaged quantities and time-averaged quantities coincide, and if not, in what way do they differ? In this thesis, we study different stochastic models for anomalous diffusion with respect to their ergodic or nonergodic behavior concerning the mean-squared displacement. We start our study with integrated Brownian motion, which is of high importance for all systems showing momentum diffusion. For this process, we contrast the ensemble-averaged squared displacement with the time-averaged squared displacement and, in particular, characterize the randomness of the latter. In the second part, we map integrated Brownian motion to other models in order to get a deeper insight into the origin of the nonergodic behavior. In doing so, we are led to a generalized Lévy walk. The latter reveals interesting phenomena, which have never been observed in the literature before. Finally, we introduce a new tool for analyzing anomalous diffusion processes, the distribution of generalized diffusivities, which goes beyond the mean-squared displacement, and we analyze with this tool an often used model of anomalous diffusion, the subdiffusive continuous time random walk.