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La philosophie de Spinoza cherche à concilier et réunir trois horizons philosophiques fondamentaux : l’émanation néo-platonicienne (l’expression), le mécanisme cartésien (cause efficiente), et les catégories aristotéliciennes (Substance, attribut, mode). Ce premier point est pris pour acquis. Nous expliquerons que cette tentative sera rendue possible grâce à la conception nouvelle, au 17e siècle, de l’actualité de l’infini. Nous examinerons ensuite les conséquences de cette nouvelle interprétation, qui permet de rendre l’individu transparent à lui-même sur un plan d’immanence, expressif par rapport à une éminence qui le diffuse, mais déterminé dans une substantialité fictive entre objets finis. En proposant le pouvoir de l’imagination et des prophètes comme point de départ et principe actif du conatus, nous montrerons que la distinction, chez Spinoza, demeure toujours une fiction. Pour conclure, nous serons en mesure de signaler en quoi le Zarathoustra de Nietzsche relève d’une volonté de poursuivre le travail entrepris par Spinoza. / Spinoza’s philosophy is an attempt to reconcile three fundamental perspectives : neo-platonician emanation (expression), Cartesian mechanism (efficient cause), and Aristotelian categories (Substance, attribute, mode). This first point is taken for granted. We will argue that this attempt is made possible by the new modernist conception of an actual infinite. We will then examine the consequences of this new interpretation, viz. to allow self-transparency by internal immanence of an individual who is expressive of an eminence that diffuses him, while at the sime time being substantially determined in the knot of finite objects. We will then propose imagination and prophets as a starting point and active principle of the conatus’ effort, in order to show that all distinctions, in Spinoza’s philosophy, rely on a power to forge fictions. In conclusion, we will argue that Nietzsche’s Zarathoustra is an attempt to catch and pursue Spinoza’s intuitions.

In this dissertation, we develop several new inference procedures that are based on randomized nomination sampling (RNS). The first problem we consider is that of constructing distribution-free confidence intervals for quantiles for finite populations. The required algorithms for computing coverage probabilities of the proposed confidence intervals are presented. The second problem we address is that of constructing nonparametric confidence intervals for infinite populations. We describe the procedures for constructing confidence intervals and compare the constructed confidence intervals in the RNS setting, both in perfect and imperfect ranking scenario, with their simple random sampling (SRS) counterparts. Recommendations for choosing the design parameters are made to achieve shorter confidence intervals than their SRS counterparts. The third problem we investigate is the construction of tolerance intervals using the RNS technique. We describe the procedures of constructing one- and two-sided RNS tolerance intervals and investigate the sample sizes required to achieve tolerance intervals which contain the determined proportions of the underlying population. We also investigate the efficiency of RNS-based tolerance intervals compared with their corresponding intervals based on SRS. A new method for estimating ranking error probabilities is proposed. The final problem we consider is that of parametric inference based on RNS. We introduce different data types associated with different situation that one might encounter using the RNS design and provide the maximum likelihood (ML) and the method of moments (MM) estimators of the parameters in two classes of distributions; proportional hazard rate (PHR) and proportional reverse hazard rate (PRHR) models.

The aim of this study is to analyse the variation between infinitive and finite verb adverbial clauses in European Portuguese. In order to understand this variation, three central questions are raised: (1) What determines the use of the uninflected vs. the inflected infinitive in same-subject adverbial clauses? (2) What does the pronoun SE signal in these adverbial clauses? (3) What difference is there between the use of the inflected infinitives vs. finite verbs in different subject adverbial clauses? Earlier investigations about these three questions are discussed. One conclusion of this review is that former research almost exclusively has been conducted from a traditional or formalistic point of view that has given priority to structural descriptions instead of semantic or conceptual explanations. In contrast to this, the present study endeavours to examine these issues from a cognitive linguistic perspective. It is claimed that the use of the inflected infinitive in adverbial same-subject clauses may be explained by contextual factors which create a cognitive need to highlight the subject of the adverbial clause. Further, an analysis about how the grammatical micro-context can determine the interpretation of the clitic pronoun SE as a marker for a generic trajector is conducted. It is also argued that the difference between infinitive and finite adverbial clauses can bee explained by means of theories of subjectification and mental spaces. The conclusion is drawn that a cognitive approach to grammar can, indeed, shed light on the issues considered. In particular, it is shown that different adverbial constructions can express different conceptual meaning. In the light of this fact, other issues concerned with finite and infinite verb forms are raised.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2006. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

We characterize various types of σ-porosity via an infinite game in terms of winning strategies. We use a modification of the game to prove and reprove some new and older in- scribing theorems for σ-ideals of σ-porous type in locally compact metric spaces. We show that there exists a closed set which is σ-(1 − ε)-symmetrically porous for every 0 < ε < 1 but which is not σ-1-symmetrically porous. Next, we prove that the realizable by an action unitary representations of a finite abelian group Γ on an infinite-dimensional complex Hilbert space H form a comeager set in Rep(Γ, H). 1

Cette thèse est consacrée à l'étude mathématique des propriétés de stabilité de systèmes quantiques infinis, décrits par des modèles non linéaires. Dans les chapitres 1 et 2, on étudie l'instabilité du vide relativiste menant au phénomène de création de paires électron-positron. Dans le chapitre 3, on considère la dynamique de ce même vide relativiste couplé à un champ scalaire. Les chapitres 4 et 5 sont consacrés au caractère dispersif de la dynamique non linéaire de Hartree pour des perturbations de la mer de Fermi, et en particulier à sa stabilité orbitale et asymptotique. Enfin, le chapitre 6 introduit une notion générale d'entropie relative entre deux états comportant une infinité de particules. / This thesis is devoted to the mathematical study of stability properties of infinite quantum systems described by nonlinear models. In chapters 1 and 2, we study the instability of the relativistic vacuum leading to the phenomenon of electron-positron pair production. In chapter 3, we consider the dynamics of this same relativistic vacuum coupled to a scalar field. Chapters 4 and 5 are devoted to the dispersive behaviour of the nonlinear Hartree dynamics for perturbations of the Fermi sea, and in particular to its orbital and asymptotic stability. Finally, chapter 6 introduces a general notion of relative entropy between states having infinitely many particles.

Le but de cette thèse est d’examiner comment les artistes de la Renaissance, dits humanistes, ont proposé des interprétations nouvelles de la vision du monde au moment où les découvertes récentes de la cosmologie ont lieu, et également dans quelle mesure la force suggestive des images va de pair avec les conceptions de l’univers, lequel est d’ailleurs considéré par E. Panofsky, historiquement et logiquement comme la première œuvre d’art et le prototype de toutes. C’est pourquoi il importe de reconstituer, sous l’angle d’un certain prisme spéculatif, les fluctuations de la configuration spatiale dans les peintures de la Renaissance européennes. / The aim of this study is to examine how the artists of the Renaissance, known as the humanists, have proposed some news interpretations of the vision of the world when the recent discoveries oh the cosmology have happened, and equally how much the suggestive force of images go hand in hand with the conceptions of the universe, which is moreover considered by E. Panofsky, historically and logically as the primary work of art and the prototype of all. It is therefore important to reconstitute, in terms of a certain speculative prism, the fluctuations of the spatial configuration in artistic picture of the European Renaissance.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This study was carried out to estimate genetic parameters for scrotal circumference (SC) and weights (W) taken at different ages in Nelore male participants of a breeding program sponsored by National Association of Breeders and Researchers. In the first paper there were estimated genetic parameters for the characteristics of the SC and W at 210, 280, 365, and 450 days of age (SC210, SC280, SC365, SC450, W210, W280, W365 and W450 respectively). The components of (co)variances were estimated by Restricted Maximum Likelihood method under an animal model in multi-trait analysis. The heritability estimates for direct effect were: 0,45±0,05 (SC210); 0,34±0,02 (SC280), 0,35±0,02 (SC365); 0,45±0,02 (SC450); 0,39±0,05 (W210); 0,31±0,03 (W280); 0,23±0,02 (W365), and 0,20±0,02 (W450), while estimates of heritability for the maternal effect for the weights were 0,08±0,02; 0,05±0,01; 0,05±0,01, and 0,03±0,01, respectively, for W210, W280, W365, and W450. These results suggest that the use of the measure of the SC as a selection criterion may contribute to reproductive genetic gain. The genetic correlations between SC were positive and medium to high magnitude, as between the SC and W were positive and showed a smaller magnitude compared to the estimated between measures of SC at differents ages. These genetic correlations indicate that only one measurement of SC can be effective for selection, and older age for this evaluation is recommended at 450 days of age. In the second article, it was analyzed 29,691 SC measures taken between 134 and 495 days of age, by random regression models under uni-trait analysis. To model the mean population curve, was used a third order fixed regression on Legendre polynomials. There were considered three random effects and differents orders of polynomial fit. Residual variances were considered homogeneous or heterogeneous. The model chosen was the one with homogeneous residual variance (M45_1). The heritability estimates obtained from the 360 days were greater than 0.42, indicating that the selection in this period should provide better response. High and positive genetic correlations were estimated between measures of SC, being higher for the measurements at closer ages. Because of the genetic correlation estimates between the SC measured at different ages were positive and with high magnitudes, the selection can be done in only one age. The best age for the measurement of SC indicated by the less parameterized model is after 360 days, and the closer to 495 days, the higher estimates. In the third article the data were analyzed using a random regression model in bi-traits analysis to estimate genetic parameters for SC and W. The mean population curve was modeled using third order fixed regression using Legendre polynomials. The analysis model considered the residual effect as constant throughout the period of age evaluated. The highest estimate of SC heritability was found close to 495 days of age (0.52), while the maximum value for W (0.35) was observed at 290 and 495 days of age. These values suggest that selection for both traits should promote genetic gain. The values of genetic correlations between SC and W ranged from -0.22 to 0.59 over the period studied. These values suggest a correlated response of different magnitudes, depending on the selected characteristic and also the age at which the selection was performed. The measurement of scrotal circumference at 450 days can be used as selection criteria in the studied population. / O presente estudo foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de estimar parâmetros genéticos para perímetro escrotal (PE) e pesos (P) tomados em diferentes idades em bovinos machos da raça Nelore participantes do programa de melhoramento genético da Associação Nacional de Criadores e Pesquisadores. No primeiro artigo foram estimados parâmetros genéticos para as características de PE e P medidos aos 210, 280, 365 e 450 dias de idade (PE210, PE280, PE365, PE450, P210, P280, P365 e P450, respectivamente). Os componentes de (co)variâncias foram estimados pelo método da máxima verossimilhança restrita, sob modelo animal, em análises multi-características. As estimativas de herdabilidade para o efeito direto foram: 0,45±0,05 (PE210); 0,34±0,02 (PE280), 0,35±0,02 (PE365); 0,45±0,02 (PE450); 0,39±0,05 (P210); 0,31±0,03 (P280); 0,23±0,02 (P365) e 0,20±0,02 (P450), enquanto que as estimativas de herdabilidade para o efeito materno para os pesos foram 0,08±0,02; 0,05±0,01; 0,05±0,01 e 0,03±0,01, respectivamente, para P210, P280, P365 e P450. Esses resultados sugerem que a utilização da medida do PE como critério de seleção pode contribuir para o ganho genético reprodutivo dos animais. As correlações genéticas estimadas entre os PE foram todas positivas e de médias a altas magnitudes, já entre PE e P se apresentaram positivas e de menor magnitude em relação às estimadas entre as medidas de PE em diferentes idades. Essas correlações genéticas indicam que apenas uma mensuração de PE pode ser eficiente para seleção e a idade mais recomendada para essa avaliação é aos 450 dias de idade. No segundo artigo, foram analisadas 29.691 medidas de PE tomadas entre os 134 e os 495 dias de idade, através de modelos de regressão aleatória (RA) sob análise uni-característica. Para modelar a curva média populacional, foi utilizada uma regressão fixa de terceira ordem sob polinômios de Legendre. Foram considerados três efeitos aleatórios e diferentes ordens de ajuste de polinômios. As variâncias residuais foram consideradas homogêneas ou heterogêneas. O modelo escolhido foi o que apresentou variância residual homogênea (M45_1). As estimativas de herdabilidade obtidas a partir dos 360 dias foram maiores que 0,42, indicando que a seleção dos animais nesse período deverá fornecer melhor resposta a seleção. Valores altos e positivos de correlações genéticas foram estimados entre as diferentes medidas de PE, sendo maiores para as medidas em idades mais próximas. Devido as correlações genéticas estimadas entre os PEs medidos nas diferentes idades serem positivas e de altas magnitudes, pode se utilizar a medida tomada em apenas uma idade para a seleção. A melhor idade para a mensuração do PE indicada pelo modelo menos parametrizado é após os 360 dias, sendo que quanto mais próximo aos 495 dias, maiores são as estimativas. No terceiro artigo os dados foram analisados através de um modelo de RA sob análise bi-característica para estimar os parâmetros genéticos para PE e P. A curva média populacional, foi modelada utilizando regressão fixa de terceira ordem com o uso de polinômios de Legendre. O modelo de análise considerou o efeito residual como constante durante todo período de idade avaliado. A maior estimativa de herdabilidade para PE ocorreu próximo aos 495 dias de idade (0,52), enquanto que para P o valor máximo (0,35) foi observado aos 290 e aos 495 dias de idade. Estes valores sugerem que a seleção para ambas as características deve promover ganho genético. As correlações genéticas entre PE e P apresentaram valores variando de -0,22 a 0,59 ao longo do período avaliado. Estes valores sugerem resposta correlacionada de diferentes magnitudes, dependendo da característica selecionada e, também, da idade em que a seleção foi procedida. A medida do perímetro escrotal aos 450 dias pode ser utilizada como critério de seleção na população estudada.

Esta dissertação tem como objetivo encontrar a relação entre a unidade de Deus conceituado por Spinoza e a pluralidade de possibilidades de ação humana. Para chegar a tal ponto, é analisado o problema denominado por alguns comentadores como a passagem dos modos e atributos infinitos (de Deus) para os modos finitos. Este ponto se dá por não existir uma clareza nas partes finais da primeira sessão da Ética de Spinoza, deixando em aberto diversas interpretações possíveis. De posse desta análise são apresentados os conceitos chaves para o trabalho que foi realizado, entre eles a teoria da informação e análises matemáticas sobre o infinito, culminando na apresentação do conceito de entropia, que consiste na energia da possibilidade. O trabalho demonstra, com uma abordagem na teoria da ação, como é possível a partir de um Deus, através da lei da entropia, existir um mundo de infinitos modos (coisas) finitos. Conclui-se por fim, que da mesma forma da existência finita dos modos, as ações humanas estão em um reino do possível, não sendo totalmente determinadas, mas todas com causas possíveis e previsíveis, seja em Deus, seja nos afetos humanos. / Submitted by Ana Guimarães Pereira (agpereir@ucs.br) on 2017-09-28T16:28:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Lucas Sartor Fachinelli.pdf: 1381392 bytes, checksum: c640bdc0dc057d85806f3b8ceea96be1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-28T16:28:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Lucas Sartor Fachinelli.pdf: 1381392 bytes, checksum: c640bdc0dc057d85806f3b8ceea96be1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09-28 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, CNPq. / This dissertation aims to find the relationship between the unity of God as conceived by Spinoza and the plurality of possibilities of human action. To reach this point, the problem called by a few commentators as the passage from infinite modes and atributes (of God) to finite modes is analyzed. This is because there is no clarity in the final parts of the first session of the Ethics, leaving several possible interpretations. The second part presents the key concepts for the work that has been done, among them information theory and mathematical analyzes on infinity, culminating in the presentation of the concept of entropy, which consists of the energy of possibility. The essay demonstrates, with an approach on action theory, how it is possible from one God, through the law of entropy, to exist a world of infinite finite modes (things). In conclusion, in the same way as the existence of finite modes, human actions are in a realm of the possible, not being totally determined, but all with possible and foreseeable causes, whether from God or from the human's affections.