Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2016-07-14T15:12:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Raquel Saliba_.pdf: 2316605 bytes, checksum: c0823958923d2ce3c0cce2ce3ddbd831 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-14T15:12:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Raquel Saliba_.pdf: 2316605 bytes, checksum: c0823958923d2ce3c0cce2ce3ddbd831 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-28 / Nenhuma / Em um cenário de constantes mudanças na comunicação e no jornalismo, em especial em função da internet e da tecnologia, este trabalho tenta compreender a tecnocultura dos novos meios (MANOVICH, 2001, 2013) abordando especificamente o jornalismo audiovisual na web. Neste sentido, a problematização é feita através da intuição em Bergson (2006) que levou à formulação do jornalismo audiovisual como um virtual que se atualiza em diversas mídias e particularmente na web. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo compreender que sentidos são dados ao jornalismo audiovisual na web através da análise dos portais do New York Times e do BuzzFeed feita com a metodologia das molduras (KILPP, 2010). Na desconstrução das imagens percebeu-se caminhos diferentes nas tentativas da apropriação do meio em um estágio transitório da técnica que ao mesmo tempo em que experimenta as lógicas da rede recicla os imaginários mais tradicionais de construção do jornalismo tendo o audiovisual no centro desses processos. / It is a time of constant changes in communication and journalism, especially with internet and technology. This research intends to understand technoculture of new media (MANOVICH, 2001, 2013) on audiovisual journalism on web. The problems were based on the method of intuition (BERGSON, 2006) that lead to the understanding of audiovisual journalism as a virtual that updated itself on several media, particularly on web. This paper aims to understand what senses are given to audiovisual journalism on web through the analysis of New York Times and BuzzFeed with the frame method (KILPP, 2010). In the deconstructing of images, it was realized different paths on the attempts of ownership of the medium in a transitory stage of the technique that at the same time experiments network logic and recycles traditional imaginaries of the journalism construction having the audiovisual as center of these process.

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2015-05-04T19:06:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Cybeli Moraes.pdf: 2408428 bytes, checksum: 989a2e7d9b1bbaebaaba9e7868eb4332 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-04T19:06:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cybeli Moraes.pdf: 2408428 bytes, checksum: 989a2e7d9b1bbaebaaba9e7868eb4332 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-04-04 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A presente tese aborda a invenção do conceito de pausa audiovisual – pausa AV –, partindo das percepções e dos afetos sobre um corpus de 80 materiais que abrangem produções televisivas, videográficas, cinemáticas, fotográficas e internéticas. Utilizando os aportes teórico-metodológicos de Silva e Rossini, Bergson, Deleuze, Guattari, Derrida, Benjamin e Kilpp, entre outros, o corpus foi produzido cartograficamente, tendo em vista as audiovisualidades e sua processualidade rizomática; foi problematizado a partir do método intuitivo; foi de sconstruído e agrupado em constelações; e, por fim, dissecado em moldurações, molduras e emolduramentos para dar a ver os sentidos ofertados. Tal arquitetura possibilitou a seguinte conclusão: a pausa AV é um misto que, como tal, possui uma tendência atualizada em ralentis, inscrições fotográficas e fragmentos longos, e outra, virtual: a espera. Essa constituição a diferencia como ethicidade do mundo audiovisual contemporâneo, que oferta sentidos a partir de suas figuras sonoras, dos intervalos, das diamorfoses e das suspensões e, possivelmente, agencia esperas no observador – comoexpectativa ou antecipação –, respondendo a desejos e a crenças do homem atual acerca de seu mundo e de sua existência. A delimitação do conceito de pausa AV contribui para a compreensão da cena audiovisual contemporânea, plena de outras ethicidades como o tempo e o acontecimento audiovisuais, dadas a ver também pelos agencimentos da pausa AV. / The present thesis presents the invention of the concept of audiovisual pause - AV pause - starting on perceptions and afections about a corpusof 80 materials, including television, videographic, cinematic, phothographic and internetic productions. Using the theoretical and methodological approaches of Silva and Rossini, Bergson, Deleuze, Guattari, Derrida, Benjamin, and Kilpp, among others, the corpuswas cartographically produced in view of the audiovisualities and your rhizomatic processivity; problematized with the intuitive method; deconstructed and grouped into constellations; and dissected on moldurações, molduras e emolduramentos to become visible the offering of meanings.Such architecture allowed the following conclusion: the AV pause is a mixture that, as such as, has a tendency toupdates itself in ralentis, photographic inscriptions and long fragments, and another, virtual, the wait. This caracterization differentiates it like an ethicidade of the audiovisual world, that offers meanings starting onsounding figures, intervals, diamorfoses, suspencions, and possibly makes waits agencies on the observer - as expectation or anticipation - in response to desires and beliefs of modern man about their world and existence. The delimitation of the concept of AV pause, we believe, contributes to the understanding of contemporary audiovisual scene, full of other ethicidadesas audiovisual time and event, too became visible by the agencies of AV pause.

Research on environmental relocation is scant and narrow, focusing on a few aspects of permanent relocation and social impacts of natural disasters. As a result, little is known about the long term social impacts of the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) environmental relocation policy. A combined conceptual and theoretical framework of Walter's placeways; Ullberg's disaster memoryscapes; Richardson's remembrance and memorialization; Dynes' social capital; and, Norris, Stevens, Pfefferbaum, Wyche, and Pfefferbaum's work on community resilience guided this phenomenological study with the purpose of better understanding competing and complementary roles of each of these constructs in the context of environmental relocation of one dioxin-contaminated community in Eastern Missouri. Data were collected from archival materials and interviews with 10 adults who were youth, teens, or young adults who lived in the community from 1970 through 1986. All data were coded and analyzed using Moustaka's reflective analysis procedure. Findings confirmed that the loss of place was most significant. The loss of place in this study refers to not only the physical relocation of all the residents of the entire community, but the razing of all the physical structures that were buried in a landfill. A state park was established where the community once existed. Future research to further extend the scholarship on environmental relocation could examine one or more of the other 18 contaminated communities relocated by the EPA to compare and contrast findings. Implications for social change include informing EPA policymakers, legislators, and officials about the long term social impacts in order to improve planning and implementation phases of environmental relocation.

Os tempos de relaxação longitudinal (T1) e transversal (T2) são largamente utilizados em medidas qualitativas e quantitativas em Ressonância Magnética Nuclear no domínio do tempo (RMN-DT). As constantes de tempo T2 e T1 são medidas com as sequências de pulsos Carr-Purcel-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) e Inversão Recuperação (IR), respectivamente. Além dessas sequencias, também têm sido desenvolvidos outros métodos que permitem a medição de T1 e T2 em um único experimento. Dentre esses, destacam-se os provenientes da condição Continuous Wave Free Precession: CWFP e CP-CWFP (Carr-Purcel-CWFP) com ou sem alternância de fase entre os pulsos que compõe o trem de pulsos de 90º desses métodos. Baseando-se no fato de que os métodos provenientes da condição CWFP têm sido promissores para a determinação das constantes de tempo de uma forma rápida, esse trabalho visou aprofundar o estudo das sequências de pulsos oriundas dessa condição a fim de desenvolver um método de determinação rápida da constante de tempo T1 em um único experimento e também implementar a condição CWFP em sequências de pulsos 2D (2D-CWFP). Utilizando-se de pulso de baixo ângulo de rotação (θ ~10 graus) foi possível determinar a constante de tempo T1 utilizando a condição CWFP, esse método foi denominado de CWFP-T1. Contudo, este apresentou um sinal com baixa razão sinal ruído (S/R) devido aos baixos valores de q. Para minimizar esse efeito foram estudados cinco métodos de redução de ruído que podem ser aplicados em sinais de RMN-DT após a aquisição, sendo que, dentre os métodos estudados foi comprovado que os filtros wavelet (WA) e o Savistiky-Goaly (SG) são os mais eficazes para redução do ruído sem distorcer as informações da amostra. Além disso, o sinal obtido pelo método CWFP-T1 associado ao filtro WA demonstrou ser eficiente para determinação de gordura em carne bovina. Dentre os métodos 2D-CWFP desenvolvidos neste trabalho, o CPMG-CWFP-T1 apresentou vantagem em tempo de experimento sobre o método IR-CPMG. Além disso, o sinal adquirido pelo método CPMG-CWFP-T1 quando associado ao filtro SG propiciou a obtenção de mapas com melhor resolução na dimensão de T1, que as outras sequências de pulsos abordadas neste estudo, e também demonstrou ser um método promissor para a análise da carne e gordura bovina. Esta foi a primeira vez em que a constante de tempo T1 foi utilizada como dimensão de aquisição de uma forma conveniente em experimento 2D de correlação dos tempos de relaxação, visto que aquisições dessa natureza geralmente requerem longos tempos de experimento. / The longitudinal (T1) and transverse (T2) relaxation times are widely used in the qualitative and quantitative measurements in time domain Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (TD-NMR). Those relaxation times are generally measured by the Carr-Purcel-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) and Inversion Recovery (IR) pulse sequences, respectively. In addition to these sequences, other methods have been development, which makes it possible to measure T1 and T2 in a single experiment. Among these, a special reference is made those ones coming from the Continuous Wave Free Precession condition: CWFP and CP-CWFP (Carr-Purcel-CWFP) with or without phase alternation between the pulses that make up the pulse train of 90º of these methods. Based on the fact that the methods from the CWFP condition have been promising to determine the time constants fast, the purpose of this work was to deepen the study of the sequences from that condition in order to develop a rapid method to determine the T1 relaxation time in a single experiment, and also to implement the CWFP condition in 2D sequences (2D-CWFP). Using a small flip angle (θ ~10 degrees) it was possible to determine the T1 relaxation time using the CWFP condition; this method was named CWFP-T1­. Nevertheless, this sequence has a signal with a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) because of the small values of q. In order to minimize this effect was studied five denoise methods to applied in the post-acquisition TD-NMR signals. Among the denoise methods studied, the wavelet (WA) and the Savistiky-Goaly (SG) are the most effective to reduce the noise of the signal without distorting the sample information. In addition, the CWFP-T1 signal associated to the WA has shown to be effective for determining the fat in beef samples. Among the 2D-CWFP methods developed in this work, the CPMG-CWFP-T1 had advantage in the experimental time compared with the IR-CPMG method. Furthermore, the signal acquired by CPMG-CWFP-T1 sequence, when associated with the SG filter, had 2D maps with the best resolution in the T1 dimension than the other sequences addressed in this work and also proved to be effective to analyze fat beef. This was the first time that T1 time constant was encoded in the acquisition dimension at a convenient way in the 2D experiments of relaxation times correlation, once such acquisitions generally require extensive experimental time.

L'augmentation des prix de l'énergie due à la raréfaction des énergies fossiles et la prise en compte des impacts environnementaux rend inéluctable l'engagement des industriels dans une démarche de maitrise de leurs consommations énergétiques et leurs émissions. L'Industrie Diffuse (ID), par opposition aux IGCE, est de plus en plus importante sur le plan économique, énergétique et environnemental. Elle devient ainsi une cible prioritaire d'autant plus que l'on constate qu'elle a été peu traitée dans les analyses énergétiques malgré l'intérêt des politiques en matière d'efficacité énergétique et le nombre considérable d'articles et de livres sur l'énergie. Comment quantifier alors l'implication de l'ID dans la contrainte réglementaire liée au changement climatique ? Quelles technologies et politiques à mettre en œuvre pour contribuer aux objectifs fixés par les plans d'actions pour l'efficacité énergétique ?Le travail de cette thèse repose ainsi sur une optimisation technico-économique de la chaine énergétique, à partir du modèle " bottom-up " de TIMES, dans une approche prospective pertinente des conséquences énergétique et environnementale de politiques MDE dans l'ID. Ce modèle s'appuie notamment sur une représentation par usages à l'inverse des IGCE du fait de l'inadaptabilité de l'approche produit/procédé. Dans ce cadre, l'analyse de la valorisation de la chaleur perdue en sortie des procédés à travers le déploiement de PAC dans l'agroalimentaire a été réalisée.Le recours à la modélisation prospective permet notamment d'observer le profil technologique et le timing des investissements des PAC en réponse à des contraintes énergétiques ou de mesures incitatives dans le cadre de Certificat d'Économie d'Énergie ou de valorisation des émissions de CO2. Il peut mettre aussi en lumière, d'une part, une possibilité d'étude sur un ajustement incrémentiel d'une taxe sur les émissions par les autorités de régulation pour atteindre leurs objectifs environnemental et énergétique sur le court, moyen et long-terme. D'autre part, il constitue un bon outil d'aide à la décision en déterminant des coûts différenciés d'économies d'énergie dans le cadre d'investissements de technologies MDE pour un meilleur criblage sectoriel.

<p>In early modern Sweden, intentional blasphemy was regarded as one of the most serious crimes one could commit. Blasphemy was termed “Crimen Laesae Majestatis Divinae” – “a crime against Our Heavenly Majesty” and was subject to the death penalty. From the 1680´s it was possible to be pardoned from death sentences already delivered by the courts of appeal by applying to the “Judiciary Inspection”, (Sw. Justitierevisionen) In early modern times the definition of blasphemy was influenced by the medieval scholastic view according to which God was perfect. The sourcematerial for the present thesis are 110 petitions for mercy in cases of blasphemy that came up before the council during the period 1680-1789. The cases studied can be divided into the following categories: Blasphemy against God, blasphemy against the sacraments, deliberate assignations wiht the Devil and “other blasphemies”. There was no Church law in Sweden before 1686 and a common law for the whole country did not exist before 1734. The Bible´s ten Commandments where added as an appendix to the already existing medieval laws, reiterated in 1608. An individual found guilty of blasphemy underwent both secular and church punishment. At least nine individuals (we lack information about some cases due to material that has been lost) where not pardoned by the council. The secular punishments included death by beheading or burning at stake, when the sentence was reduced some kind of corporal punishment – running the sauntlet, flogging, imprisonment on a diet of bread and water or a life time of labor. Church punishment was public shaming and meant that the accused had to sit on a special chair in church during the services and publicly ask God and the members of the congregation for forgiveness. This kind of punishment was meted out in Sweden until the late 18th century.Blasphemy is a complicated act that should be defined according to the norms of the society in which it occurs. There are two processes that have to be taken into considerations when studing the crime of blasphemy in early modern Sweden – the centralization of the government and the unification of the church according to the Lutheran creed.In the early modern society people lived in what has been called a “religious culture”, where religion was self-evident, collective concern. Within this context atheism, in the modern meaning of the word, was supposedly unimaginable.The theoretical framework of the study is inspired by Peter Burke’s theories of the reformation of popular culture. Measurements taken by the elite have usually been regarded as active and aggressive, while popular culture has been regarded a homogeneous passive mass that adjustes itself to demands from above. One of the primary aims of this thesis is to study how verbal statements, actions and attitudes reflected popular conceptions that could either be close to or far distant from the learned ideas of the elite. By dividing popular attitudes discerned in the cases studied into four groups corresponding to a kind of mental strata, a more varied image of popular culture is achieved. Blasphemy in early modern Sweden was a crime committed mainly by men, especially when it comes to expressing ideas about the Devil or attempting to contact him. Very few women were accused of blasphemy; of 117 individuals accused, only nine were women.</p>

Embedded systems have become indispensable in our life: household appliances, cars, airplanes, power plant control systems, medical equipment, telecommunication systems, space technology, they all contain digital computing systems with dedicated functionality. Most of them, if not all, are real-time systems, i.e. their responses to stimuli have timeliness constraints. The timeliness requirement has to be met despite some unpredictable, stochastic behaviour of the system. In this thesis, we address two causes of such stochastic behaviour: the application and platform-dependent stochastic task execution times, and the platform-dependent occurrence of transient faults on network links in networks-on-chip. We present three approaches to the analysis of the deadline miss ratio of applications with stochastic task execution times. Each of the three approaches fits best to a different context. The first approach is an exact one and is efficiently applicable to monoprocessor systems. The second approach is an approximate one, which allows for designer-controlled trade-off between analysis accuracy and analysis speed. It is efficiently applicable to multiprocessor systems. The third approach is less accurate but sufficiently fast in order to be placed inside optimisation loops. Based on the last approach, we propose a heuristic for task mapping and priority assignment for deadline miss ratio minimisation. Our contribution is manifold in the area of buffer and time constrained communication along unreliable on-chip links. First, we introduce the concept of communication supports, an intelligent combination between spatially and temporally redundant communication. We provide a method for constructing a sufficiently varied pool of alternative communication supports for each message. Second, we propose a heuristic for exploring the space of communication support candidates such that the task response times are minimised. The resulting time slack can be exploited by means of voltage and/or frequency scaling for communication energy reduction. Third, we introduce an algorithm for the worst-case analysis of the buffer space demand of applications implemented on networks-on-chip. Last, we propose an algorithm for communication mapping and packet timing for buffer space demand minimisation. All our contributions are supported by sets of experimental results obtained from both synthetic and real-world applications of industrial size.

This study conducted a framing research that analyzed coverage of the bird flu (avian flu) in China by two major American newspapers that are influential in China (The New York Times and Washington Post). The goal was to examine how these two prestigious newspapers frame the bird flu epidemic in China and how they represent the country in this international health crisis. This study employed textual analysis regarding the way bird flu news articles were framed in terms of problem definition, causal explanation, moral evaluation and solution recommendations in both newspapers. The study found the epidemic was framed as more than just a public health crisis. Multiple news frames were found in both newspapers' coverage of bird flu, depicting the event as a cultural, social and political crisis to the nation and to the world.

L'analyse du rôle des médias depuis la guerre du Vietnam est un objet d'étude de plus en plus exploré. Par contre, la fin de la guerre froide marque également la fin du consensus idéologique de cette période. Dans le contexte de l'après-guerre froide les médias ainsi que les décideurs politiques sont confrontés à un vide politique, analytique et idéologique. L'objectif de ce mémoire est de comparer les discours politiques de l'ordre mondial de cette période, soutenus par les présidents Bush et Clinton, et les représentations médiatiques véhiculées par les journalistes du New York Times à travers le cas de l'intervention américaine en Somalie (1992-1994). À cette problématique, nous posons la question de recherche suivante: est-ce qu'il existe un écart entre les discours politiques visant à définir l'ordre mondial tel qu'énoncé par les présidents Bush et Clinton et la représentation qu'en font les journalistes du New York Times dans leurs articles à la lumière de l'opération américaine en Somalie? Afin de répondre à cette interrogation, nous procédons, en premier lieu, à l'identification des caractéristiques dominantes de la politique étrangère et de sécurité des États-Unis pour les périodes de la guerre froide et de l'après-guerre froide. Deuxièmement, à l'aide de l'analyse des articles du New York Times nous présentons la représentation que les journalistes de ce quotidien soutiennent de l'intervention américaine en Somalie. Enfin, cette représentation nous permet d'évaluer l'existence ou l'inexistence d'un écart entre les discours politiques et les représentations médiatiques de l'après-guerre froide. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : Somalie, Discours politiques, Représentations médiatiques, The New York Times, Politique étrangère des États-Unis, Guerre froide, Après-guerre froide.

C-uppsats kandidat 2011 Title: Media – terroristens medhjälpare? Författare: Christoffer Wiklöw Språk: svenska Instution: JMK, Stockholm Universitet   En kvalitativ studie om New York Times språkbruk kring terrorism. De valda frågeställningarna blev: Hur är New York Times språkbruk kring terrorism och 9/11 2001, respektive 2011? Hur har mass-mediated terrorism-diskursen förändrats mellan året 2001 och året 2011 i New York Times nyhetsartiklar om terrorism och 9/11? Hur ser en reporter på sin roll som skribent om 9/11, och hur kommer detta att indikera på att journalisten kanske faller offer för att vara terroristens medhjälpare? Och materialet för studien blev fyra artiklar från New York Times, och en intervju med en skribent bakom en av artiklarna.   Teorival blev en kritisk teori-inriktad del med en socialkonstruktionisktisk infallsvinkel som stöd. Birgitte L. Nacos (2002) har teorier om ”mass-mediated terrorism” som stöd. Det finns även framing, nyhetsvärdering med i valet. Metodval blev Peter Berglez tolkning av van Dijks strukturerade nyhetsschema, vilket fick stöd av Norman Fairclough’s CDA.   I resultatdelen ser vi hur New York Times språkbruk kring terrorism, och dess val av nyhetskonstruktion gör att de ändrar nyhetsvärdering till allt som kan beröra något av dessa tre: terrorister, makthavare/regering, och samhälle. Helst alla tre tillsammans. En intervju med en reporter fick ge en belysning på hur denna konstruktion av nyhet kan se ut, och även om denne var införstådd med känsligheten att rapportera om terrorism så fanns det tendenser för att han blir terroristens medhjälpare omedvetet.