A ampliação acelerada da demanda por transporte, mais especificamente pelo transporte rodoviário, tem provocado um aumento expressivo no número de acidentes de trânsito nesse ambiente. Consequentemente, a redução dos acidentes de trânsito tem sido um grande desafio para os pesquisadores e gestores da área rodoviária. Porém, os acidentes de trânsito são eventos complexos se considerados os diversos fatores que podem influenciá-los. Dentro desse contexto esta dissertação apresenta um estudo de modelos de previsão de acidentes, que podem ser utilizados para a avaliação do potencial de segurança em determinados locais, identificação e classificação de localidades perigosas ou com propensão a acidentes e avaliação da eficácia de medidas de melhoria da segurança. Nessa dissertação é apresentado um levantamento teórico e metodológico dos modelos de previsão de acidentes, identificando as principais variáveis adotadas bem como as técnicas utilizadas. Para cada modelo revisado foram verificadas as principais diferenças e limitações, e ainda, a análise das variáveis mais influentes presentes nesses modelos. Após, é feita uma comparação de duas abordagens distintas para estimar modelos de previsão de acidentes. A primeira consiste em estimar a ocorrência de acidentes em segmentos da via com as mudanças de características dos elementos de infraestrutura. O segundo relaciona a frequência de acidentes para um único elemento de infraestrutura da via, chamado na literatura internacional de entidade (ex: interseção, curva, tangente, etc.), com base apenas na variável relacionada ao volume de tráfego. O estudo baseado na comparação dessas duas abordagens para a previsão de acidentes revelou que a utilização do volume de tráfego como única variável independente apresenta resultados semelhantes ou até melhores que os modelos baseados em diversos elementos de infraestrutura da rodovia. / The enlargement and the accelerated development of transportation systems, more specifically the land system, have caused the number of road accidents to increase significantly. Therefore, the reduction of road accidents has been a great challenge for researchers and managers in the field of land transportation. However, considering the various factors that may influence them, road accidents are complex events. In this context, this paper presents a study of accident prediction models that can be used to assess the safety potential in certain locations, identify and rank dangerous locations or areas prone to accidents and evaluate the effectiveness of safety improvement measures. Initially, a theoretical and methodological review of accident prediction models is presented, and both the main variables adopted and the methodologies employed are identified. The main differences between all models reviewed and their limitations are presented, and the most influential variables are analyzed. In a second moment, a comparison of two different accident prediction methods is performed. The first method consists in estimating the occurrence of accidents in road sections with changes in the characteristics of infrastructure elements. The second one relates the frequency of accidents based on a single infrastructure element (intersection, curve, tangent, etc.) based on traffic volume only. The study based on the comparison of these two methods found that the use of traffic volume as the only independent variable yields similar or even better results than the models based on various road infrastructure elements.

Este trabalho apresenta um modelo de previsão de acidentes com a participação de motocicletas que foi desenvolvido a partir do método da análise de regressão estatística adaptado às particularidades técnicas das rodovias do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. O objetivo do trabalho é gerar uma ferramenta que possibilite prever o número de acidentes a partir da combinação do nível de exposição veicular associada com os prováveis fatores de risco deste peculiar ambiente. Com esta finalidade, é confrontado o número de acidentes observados com relação às características técnicas das rodovias investigadas com o intuito de avaliar os fatores de risco. Nove variáveis de controle representando atributos físicos, funcionais, econômicos e legais das rodovias foram analisadas sob diversos parâmetros tais como: largura da plataforma, sinuosidade; inclinação, intersecções, condição do pavimento, tráfego de veículos, tráfego de caminhões, urbanização e dispositivos de controle de tráfego. A aplicação do método estatístico permite classificar as rodovias mais importantes quanto ao nível de acidentes; identificar, mensurar e avaliar os fatores de risco; estimar a probabilidade média para a realização do evento sinistro e simular, em nível de projeto, a ocorrência futura de acidentes. Uma vez processado, o modelo obteve um fator de explicação (R2) para os dados em torno de 96%. As variáveis de controle que apresentaram maior efeito na variável de resposta foram obtidas através do tráfego de veículos seguido da largura da plataforma da rodovia. Após a análise do modelo, as rodovias com maior fator de propensão para acidentes foram a ERS734 sendo seguida pela ERS118 e ERS130. Os resultados que foram obtidos indicaram que a frota de motocicletas do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul - Brasil apresenta um risco de envolvimento em acidentes duas vezes maior que aquela incorrida pela frota dos Estados Unido e três vezes maior que aquela apresentada pela frota do Reino Unido. / This article presents an accident prediction model with the participation of motorcycles, developed by statistical regression analysis adapted to the technical peculiarities of the roads of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The aim of the model is to generate a tool to allow predicting the number of accidents based on the combination of vehicle exposure level with possible risk factors. The number of accidents observed is compared with road technical characteristics, aiming at evaluating risk factors. Nine control variables, representing physical, functional, economical and legal road attributes, were analyzed as to different parameters, such as platform width; sinuosity; inclination; junctions ; pavement condition; vehicle traffic; truck traffic; urbanization; and traffic control devices. The application of the statistical method allows the classification of the most important roads in terms of accident level; to identify, measure, and evaluate risk factors; to estimate mean accident probability; and to simulate, at project level, the future occurrence of accidents. Once processed, the model obtained an explanation factor (R2) for the data around 96%. Vehicle traffic, followed by highway platform width had the highest effect on the response variable. After being analyzed by the model, ERS734, followed by ERS118, and ERS130 presented the highest accident probability factor. The results obtained indicated that the risk of motorcycles being involved in accidents in the state of Rio Grande do Sul is twice as high as in the USA, and three times higher than in the United Kingdom.

Submitted by Suelen Reis (suziy.ellen@gmail.com) on 2013-04-24T14:02:20Z No. of bitstreams: 5 Dissertacao Robert Matos5.pdf: 181208 bytes, checksum: 84d63464bfd1a9eafed83e915cf155f0 (MD5) Dissertacao Robert Matos4.pdf: 153776 bytes, checksum: 3e01c0e32b33289133348f042867136f (MD5) Dissertacao Robert Matos3.pdf: 143237 bytes, checksum: ed80f66d0b21d3f230a54cd25ea958be (MD5) Dissertacao Robert Matos2.pdf: 179531 bytes, checksum: 70393f7e00a9beebd63af795471ec595 (MD5) Dissertacao Robert Matos1.pdf: 182569 bytes, checksum: 9c73840f2d38c8931ecb526535aae485 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Meirelles(rodrigomei@ufba.br) on 2013-05-08T11:49:50Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 Dissertacao Robert Matos5.pdf: 181208 bytes, checksum: 84d63464bfd1a9eafed83e915cf155f0 (MD5) Dissertacao Robert Matos4.pdf: 153776 bytes, checksum: 3e01c0e32b33289133348f042867136f (MD5) Dissertacao Robert Matos3.pdf: 143237 bytes, checksum: ed80f66d0b21d3f230a54cd25ea958be (MD5) Dissertacao Robert Matos2.pdf: 179531 bytes, checksum: 70393f7e00a9beebd63af795471ec595 (MD5) Dissertacao Robert Matos1.pdf: 182569 bytes, checksum: 9c73840f2d38c8931ecb526535aae485 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-05-08T11:49:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 Dissertacao Robert Matos5.pdf: 181208 bytes, checksum: 84d63464bfd1a9eafed83e915cf155f0 (MD5) Dissertacao Robert Matos4.pdf: 153776 bytes, checksum: 3e01c0e32b33289133348f042867136f (MD5) Dissertacao Robert Matos3.pdf: 143237 bytes, checksum: ed80f66d0b21d3f230a54cd25ea958be (MD5) Dissertacao Robert Matos2.pdf: 179531 bytes, checksum: 70393f7e00a9beebd63af795471ec595 (MD5) Dissertacao Robert Matos1.pdf: 182569 bytes, checksum: 9c73840f2d38c8931ecb526535aae485 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a atitude dos Cirurgiões Dentistas do município de Salvador-Ba, 2005 frente ao atendimento de pacientes portadores do Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV); bem como o conhecimento destes profissionais acerca da probabilidade de contaminação e os cuidados primários após acidente com instrumento pérfuro-cortante. Tratou-se de um estudo de corte transversal envolvendo uma amostra probabilística de 230 profissionais selecionados a partir de listagem fornecida pelo Conselho Regional de Odontologia - CRO-BA. Utilizou-se na coleta de dados questionário autoaplicável, após realização de estudo piloto e aprovação da pesquisa pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Maternidade Climério de Oliveira da Universidade Federal da Bahia. Realizou-se a análise descritiva das variáveis e exploratoriamente estimou-se a freqüência das respostas dos profissionais de acordo com as covariáveis de interesse, avaliando-se as diferenças entre as categorias através do teste do Qui-quadrado e significância estatística ao nível de 5%. Constatou-se que 41,2% dos profissionais não atenderiam pacientes contaminados pelo vírus HIV para a execução de procedimentos cruentos. O principal motivo para esta atitude foi o medo de contaminação (59,13%). Com relação ao conhecimento sobre a probabilidade de infecção, após acidente com instrumento pérfuro-cortante contendo sangue contaminado com HIV, verificou-se que apenas 8,8% responderam corretamente à questão. No tocante aos cuidados primários a serem adotados numa situação de acidente ocupacional envolvendo instrumento pérfuro cortante contaminado com HIV, percebeu-se que apenas 8% revelaram conhecimento sobre tal conduta. Os resultados sugeriram que a atitude negativa do profissional com relação ao atendimento do paciente HIV positivo para realização de procedimentos cruentos não está associada com as variáveis sexo, situação conjugal, tempo de formado, titulação e renda. Observou-se significância estatística apenas na associação com a variável vínculo ocupacional, constatando-se que os Cirurgiões Dentistas que exercem suas atividades na clínica particular apresentam um menor grau de resistência ao atendimento. Os resultados do presente estudo sugerem que a conduta adotada pelo Cirurgião Dentista frente à decisão de atender o paciente HIV positivo independe das características sócio-demográficas e ocupacionais, exceto do vínculo ocupacional. / Salvador

p. 1-184 / Submitted by Santiago Fabio (fabio.ssantiago@hotmail.com) on 2013-04-25T20:34:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 55555555555555555555555555.pdf: 2233305 bytes, checksum: 3380329936f1dbff93b28cdac1d17cdb (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Creuza Silva(mariakreuza@yahoo.com.br) on 2013-05-04T16:53:17Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 55555555555555555555555555.pdf: 2233305 bytes, checksum: 3380329936f1dbff93b28cdac1d17cdb (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-05-04T16:53:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 55555555555555555555555555.pdf: 2233305 bytes, checksum: 3380329936f1dbff93b28cdac1d17cdb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Objetivo: analisar o perfil sócio-demográfico dos óbitos por Acidentes de Trânsito (AT) de residentes no Município de Lanús (Província de Buenos Aires, Argentina) entre os anos 1998 e 2004. Material e Método: se realizou um estudo epidemiológico descritivo, utilizando dados oficiais de mortalidade da Argentina. Foram estudados os óbitos por AT segundo residência e ocorrência, codificados pela CID-10. As variáveis analisadas foram idade, sexo, nível educativo e condição de atividade. Foram utilizados dados econômicos para avaliar e comparar Lanús com os outros Municípios do Gran Buenos Aires, em termos dos coeficientes de mortalidade por AT. Foram realizadas análises uni e bivariadas, e calculada a Mortalidade Proporcional (MP) e a Razão de Mortalidade Proporcional (RMP). Realizou-se georreferenciamento dos óbitos segundo local de residência e de ocorrência da morte para avaliar a distribuição geográfica. Resultados: O perfil epidemiológico é composto principalmente por homens entre 20 e 29 anos, indivíduos com nível educativo primário completo (ou secundário incompleto) e que trabalhavam. Mais da metade deles era ocupante de veículo. O risco dos homens foi quase 3,5 vezes maior que as mulheres e, entre eles, os mais idosos apresentam as maiores incidências. Os analfabetos ou aqueles com formação primária incompleta possuem risco baixo, quase igual as das pessoas com nível educativo superior. A MP em Lanús é menor quando comparada com os Municípios do Gran Buenos Aires. Lanús aparece junto aos municípios que apresentam alta atividade comercial e menores taxas de óbitos. A respeito da georreferência, os achados mostram que os AT atingem mais a população que mora em locais com piores condições socioeconômicas. Conclusões: O município de Lanús apresenta um perfil de mortalidade por AT semelhante ao dos países desenvolvidos. A combinação de técnicas se apresenta como uma alternativa interessante para trabalhar com dados secundários, em pequenas áreas e com números pequenos. Esta pesquisa fornece aportes para a intervenção sobre os problemas ligados aos AT no nível individual e local. Destaca-se a necessidade de contar com estudos mais abrangentes, abordando o problema desde outros enfoques metodológicos. / Salvador

Introdução:embora seja mundialmente conhecida a correlação entre os escores tomográficos de avaliação isquêmica cerebral com achados e desfechos clínicos em pacientes com acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) isquêmico, são limitadas as evidencias em pacientes do subtipo cardioembólico. Objetivo: avaliar e correlacionar o perfil e desfechos clínicos de pacientes com AVC isquêmico do subtipo cardioembólico com os achados tomográficos de isquemia, segundo escores tomográficos. Métodos:estudo retrospectivo de um grupo de pacientes com AVC do tipo cardioembólico segundo a classificação TOAST, selecionados através de uma amostra de conveniência dos pacientes que foram atendidos em um centro de referência de emergências cerebrovasculares (março de 2014 a março de 2015). Os exames tomográficos destes pacientes foram avaliados por dois observadores (um radiologista com 10 anos e outro com 2 anos de experiência em exames tomográficos) treinados na avaliação de escores tomográficos relacionados a alterações isquêmicas encefálicas e cegados para os dados clínicos e laboratoriais dos pacientes. A análise estatística correlacionou os achados clínicos que incuíram fatores e preditores de risco, bem como transformação hemorrágica com os escores tomográficos que avaliam a isquemia cerebral. Resultados:o grupo com escore ASPECTS ≤7 apresentou significativamente maior uso de antiarrítmico, exclusão de trombólise, maior NIHSS, escala Rankin em 24h mais elevada e mais dias de internação quando comparado ao ASPECTS >7. Os pacientes com transformação hemorrágica apresentaram proporção significativamente maior de escore ASPECTS ≤ 7, mais do que um terço de acometimento do território da artéria cerebral média e AVC maior considerado pelo escore BASIS. Conclusão:os pacientes avaliados com AVC isquêmico cardioembólico que apresentaram transformação hemorrágica têm valores piores nos escores tomográficos de isquemia, com NHISS mais elevado e maior número de dias de internação. Houve uma correlação positiva entre o escore ASPECTS e os escores tomográficos regra de um terço e BASIS. / Introduction: although known worldwide, the correlation between tomographic cerebral ischemia evaluation scores and clinical outcome in patients with ischemic cerebral vascular accident (CVA), the evidences on patients with cardioembolic subtype are limited. Objective: evaluate and correlate the profile and clinical outcomes of patients with embolic subtype ischemic CVA with ischemia tomographic findings, according to tomographic scores. Methods: retrospective study of a patients group with cardioembolic subtype CVA according to TOAST classification, selected through a convenience sample from the patients that were treated at the cerebral vascular disease reference center emergency, (March 2014 to March 2015). These patients tomographic exams were evaluated by two observers (a radiologist with 10 years of expertise and another with 2 years of expertise in tomographic exams) trained in the assessment of tomographic scores related to encephalic ischemia alterations and blinded for the patients clinical and laboratorial data. The statistical analysis correlated the clinical findings, which included risk factors and predictors, as well as hemorrhagic transformation with the tomographic scores that evaluate cerebral ischemia. Results: groups with ASPECTS score ≤7 presented significantly higher use of antiarrhythmics, thrombolysis exclusion, higher NIHSS, higher 24 hours Rankin scale and more days of hospitalization when compared to ASPECTS >7. Patients with hemorrhagic transformation presented a significantly higher proportion of ASPECTS score ≤7. Conclusion: evaluated patients with cardioembolic ischemic CVA that had hemorrhagic transformation have worse tomographic ASPECTS score for ischemia, with higher NHISS and more hospitalization days. There was positive correlation between ASPECTS score and one third rule and BASIS tomographic scores.

The first part of thesis is engaged in explanation of some basic concepts regarding an elected topic: radioactivity, isotope, nuclide, halftime, gamaspectrometry etc. In the second part I deal with element cesium and influence of the Chernobyl accident. The final part processes questions of cesium - 137 in wood ecosystem. It is mainly concerned with research and gamaspectrometric measurement of wood substance, bark and samples of soil. In practical part (it is one part of the final part) I made taking of samples (especially soil from the depth 0-5 cm, soil from the depth 5 - 20 cm, wood substance and forest planting) from some localities above all the South Bohemian Region and next their gamaspectrometric measurement (quantitative analysis of cesium - 137 in wood ecosystem) at SÚJB in České Budějovice according to methodology.Measured values of cesium - 137 in samples were relatively low and its impact on the health of our population is in regard to other sources of ionizing radiance insignificant. The supposed hypothesis was herewith confirmed.

Esta tese busca mapear e analisar elementos e tecer redes de significados relacionados à produção de corpos, masculinidades e suas relações em exercício no espaço do trânsito para conhecer o(s) modo(s) como os homens habitam esse espaço. Para isso, corpo(s) e gênero(s) são instrumentos condição para a constituição de relações entre homens, veículos, vias e o espaço do trânsito em suas coexistências. Interessa-me não somente analisar como se constroem as posições de sujeito e suas relações, tanto com outros sujeitos quanto com as regras desse espaço, mas também como elas incidem no acidente de trânsito. Os acidentes de trânsito são uma condição um tanto paradoxal em que exercícios de masculinidade aproximam homens e serviços de saúde. Esta tese tem como questões norteadoras: que construções corporais são produzidas nas e pelas relações entre corpo, gênero, masculinidade, veículos, seus deslocamentos e suas coexistências e ao mesmo tempo são produtoras dessas relações? Como as relações entre masculinidade e o espaço do trânsito incidem sobre o acidente de trânsito e o produzem? Para construir respostas ao longo dos capítulos, trabalhei com informações do Estado, notícias relacionadas ao trânsito e aos acidentes de trânsito, bem como com campanhas publicitárias de automóveis, articuladas aos dados sobre atendimentos realizados por causa de acidentes de trânsito no HPS e aos tipos de acidentes, para o que foram utilizadas as informações do banco de dados do HPS. Também foram realizadas entrevistas com homens internados no HPS cujo motivo tenha sido o envolvimento em acidentes de trânsito. Tudo isso foi somado à minha experiência como sujeito – condutora de veículo no espaço do trânsito, em deslocamentos urbanos e em rodovias, e pesquisadora desse espaço. Este trabalho cria um espaço singular para problematizar algumas questões relacionadas aos acidentes de trânsito e à (re)produção e exercício de masculinidades no espaço do trânsito e corrobora a tese de que os diferentes modos como os homens são produzidos e fazem uso dos seus corpos e veículos no espaço do trânsito constituem arranjos de masculinidade que configuram uma racionalidade biomecânica para a ocorrência do acidente de trânsito. / This thesis is an attempt to map and analyze elements and weave networks of meanings related to the production of bodies, masculinities and their relationships in the traffic environment in order to know the way(s) that men have inhabited that space. Body(ies) and gender(s) are tools for the constitution of relationships among men, vehicles, pathways and the traffic environment in their coexistence. I am not only interested in analyzing how positions of subject and relationships with other subjects and rules in that environment have been constructed, but also how they have operated on the traffic accident. Traffic accidents are a quite paradoxical situation in which the exercise of masculinity approximates men to health care services. The guiding issues of this thesis are the following: which body constructions have been produced in and by relationships among body, gender, masculinity, vehicles, their displacements and their coexistences, and produced such relationships at the same time? How have the relationships between masculinity and the traffic environment operated on the traffic accident and produced it? To find answers, along the chapters, I worked with State information, news about traffic and traffic accidents, as well as car advertising campaigns, articulated with data about health assistance provided by HPS due to traffic accidents and types of accidents by using information from the HPS database. I also performed interviews with men hospitalized because of traffic accidents. All that was added to my experience as a subject – a driver in the traffic environment, both in urban streets and roads, and a researcher of that space. This study has generated a singular space to problematize some issues concerning traffic accidents and the (re)production and exercise of masculinities in the traffic environment. Furthermore, it corroborates the thesis that the different ways men have been produced as well as the ways they have used their bodies and vehicles in the traffic environment constitute masculinity arrangements that shape a biomechanical rationality for the occurrence of traffic accidents.

The Chernobyl disaster is still considered to be one of the biggest catastrophic accidents in the history of nuclear energetics. After the explosion of the nuclear reactor, abundance of radioactive substance escaped to the atmosphere and in the shape of the radioactive cloud affected even the area of the former Czechoslovak Socialist Republic. Political parties and state authorities reacted on this situation by setting up the state committee, which under political pressure intentionally concealed the information about the risks and consequences of the disaster for the Czechoslovak population. The collapse of the regime not only revealed the crisis of the mistrust to the official sources of information, but also improved the effort of getting information from unofficial and, according to regime, illegal sources. The Chernobyl disaster also caused the mistrust to nuclear energetics. Therefore construction and initiation of the Temelín nuclear power station elicited the interest to the information about The Chernobyl disaster. I have decided to authenticate in my thesis, how well the residents of the Czech Republic are familiar with the Chernobyl disaster and how objective their knowledge about the radiological risks arising from the Chernobyl disaster at present are. I found out the state of the foreknowledge of the residents of the Czech Republic about the radiological risks arising from the Chernobyl disaster by means of questionnaires, where 200 respondents were interviewed. For more detailed research, I divided the residents of the Czech Republic into two groups. The first one consisted of the inhabitants that live in the zone of the disaster preparedness of the Temelín nuclear power station and comprise one half of respondents. The second group consisted of the inhabitants that live of the zone of the disaster preparedness. I drew up questions in the questionnaire in order to include the given problems completely ? from the knowledge about the risks arising from the disaster and emission of the radioactive substances to their consequences for human?s health and the way of reduction their impacts on the population of the Czech Republic. I evaluated the answers from the respondents to the single answers and drew up the tables. I accomplished them by the percentage evaluation of the right and wrong answers, computation of total mean of the achieved points and the total percentage success rate. The evaluation of the knowledge of the respondents of the Czech Republic was accomplished on the basis of the value of total mean of the achieved points and percentage success rate. I did a statistical evaluation by testing normality using ?2 Pearson's chi-squared test. The mutual comparison of the knowledge I did by testing by means of the two-sample t-test on the basis of the guess of the empirical parameters from each group. On the basis of this evaluation of the results of the questionnaire I can declare that the knowledge of the residents of the Czech Republic about the radiological risks arising from the Chernobyl disaster are at a very good level. The results also proved that inhabitants of the zone of the disaster preparedness of the Temelín nuclear power station have greater knowledge about the radiological risks arising from the Chernobyl disaster than the rest of the Czech Republic. It can be observed in the conclusion that all predetermined aims were successfully achieved and the results of the questionnaire also proved the assigned hypothesis.

The name and the topic of this diploma thesis, Crash simulation vehicle carrying explosives, impacts and solutions, illustrates its main goal. That is, using the TerEx software program, to simulate a crash of vehicle transporting explosives, the impacts resulting from such an incident and, as a secondary goal, to propose solutions of such an incident for the Emergency Service units, with the connection to public safety. After resolving these tasks, it will be possible to answer the research question: What are the dangers of a crash of vehicle transporting explosives? In the beginning, the theoretical part of the thesis focuses on explosives as such. The history of their inventions, usage and development is outlined. In the next chapter, explosives are defined as substances capable of explosive transformation that can release a large amount of energy in a very short time upon a sudden external impulse. For the classification of explosives, it was necessary to characterize types of explosive transformations and general principles that lead to releasing energy. Very important are then the theoretical chapters of this thesis, where are described in detail the effects and phenomena of an explosion, which are necessary for the identification of imminent harmful effects and impacts on the environment in the case of their unwanted initiation. These phenomena include shock wave, thermal and fragmentational effect, recoil, routing, blocking and multiplication of the shock wave. Follows the part, where explosives are classified according to various aspects, from which the most important is the aspect of speed of explosive transformation, which cardinally affects the explosives' properties. This part is followed by a chapter that describes those characteristics. The second half of the theoretical part is concerned with transportation of hazardous materials, especially explosives. Packing and marking requirements, duties of transportation participants and training of the participants are specified there. One must not forget traffic requirements and other necessities connected with transportation, including the need for accompanying documents, transport staff, traffic unit, its construction and equipment and the course of transportation. The last section of the theoretical part of this thesis is dedicated to specific rules of explosives' transportation, which in the Czech Republic are set by the law. It includes mainly a duty to notify the Police Prezidium of the Czech Republic at least 24 hours prior to transportation of explosives and the duty for the vehicle used for transportation to be equipped with a tracking device. In this sense the explosives are the only group of hazardous materials, for which these stricter rules apply. In order to find an answer to the research question, it was necessary in the empirical part of the thesis to gather input data for the TerEx program, where the event was then simulated. These data were collected by an analysis of usage and occurrence of explosives in the area of the South Bohemian region. On the basis of this analysis, a highly brisant explosive NKG-500, which is commonly used for quarrying, special destructive works, underwater tasks and for priming of industrial explosives. It is a place, where the density and complexity of traffic has not yet been tackled accordingly. On the basis of output from thus performed simulation it was possible to assess that in such a densely populated area with the large number of residential and administrative buildings an accident of vehicle transporting explosives poses a considerable threat. In connection with the threats and impacts discovered in relation with such an incident, a unified course of action of the Emergency Service for their solution was designed, whereupon specific actions of its respective units were considered.

The main topic of the thesis is protection of the population in the emergency planning zone of Jaslovské Bohunice Nuclear Power Plant, and dealing with evacuation in case of an emergency situation associated with the release of radioactive substances. Particular way of evacuation of people as one of the most important protective measures to ensure public protection was analyzed. The thesis particularly focuses on the correct procedures in case of evacuation and the competence of persons involved in the protective measures. It deals with the basic criteria that are applied in the protection of the population from the impact of ionizing radiation around the nuclear power plant. Improvements for protection and awareness of population living in the emergency planning area are proposed. According to Nuclear Legislation a license holder is responsible for taking action to eliminate the occurrence of an emergency as well as taking action to prevent occurrence of an emergency related to technological devices that work with hazardous substance, process, use, transport, store it or manipulate with it. At the same time they are responsible for protecting their employees and persons taken into their care. Measures by permit holder to operate a nuclear facility and protect their own employees or persons taken into care represent the first stage in the structure of emergency preparedness. The public protection plan involves measures to protect the population in the area of release of radioactive substances into the environment. The part of the plan shall be a mutual interaction between the internal emergency plans of the holder of the permit to operate. The work is based on existing legislation and scientific publications of the scope of the research. The protection plan of the population is seen as the basic document for planning measures to handling with the consequences of radiation incidents or accidents and elimination of their consequences on the emergency planning zone. The theoretical part is based on the analysis of current legislation related to the issue, where the membership of the Slovak Republic in the European Union undertakes the country to fulfil its duties, obligations and responsibilities under the legislation of the European Commission. All these directives are transposed in the Atomic Act and create conditions for the exchange of information in the event of an accident of a nuclear device in the Slovak Republic. Basic concepts are defined, and the thesis deals with important safety measures when dealing with an emergency, related to a radiation accident at a nuclear power plant. The principles of appropriate behaviour of the population in the event of such an occurrence are emphasised. Exploratory method of asking underlying the proposed methodology was used to compile the thesis. Based on the analysis of results of the questionnaire, areas for improvement were proposed. From the collected data possible systemic measures related to evacuation with respect to application in real life were assessed.