p.p1 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 12.0px Helvetica} For a long time there has been a problem with unwanted emissions to sanitary systems that causes problems in pipelines, pump stations and in wastewater treatment plants and also adversely affect the quality of the sludge. The wastewater contains for example: sanitary products, hair, grease, pharmaceutical residues etc. also the purification of the wastewater requires large investments. The aim of this study was to investigate the wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) communication methods to reduce the emissions from households to wastewater treatment plants. The study was made by a literature review and an interview survey involving four WWTP: Stockholm vatten och avfall AB, Kalmar vatten AB, Vatten & Miljö i Väst AB and Laholmsbuktens VA. WWTP use several different communication methods such as websites, social media, study visits and campaigns. Because of limited time and lack of resources the WWTPs have difficulty in fulfilling the purposes of their interventions. It also depends on that the interventions are not evaluated or monitored enough. It shows in the interviews that the WWTP are not working actively with best practice and also that there is no legal requirement for WWTPs to inform households about sewage rules and requirements. WWTPs need to create better structures to their interventions and they also need to evaluate and follow up ALL interventions to make progress in the future. The study also consider that a plan for best practice need to be developed and stricter regulations which also households may be sanctioned if they violate. / Det har länge funnits ett problem med oönskade utsläpp i avlopp som orsakar problem i ledningsnät, pumpstationer och reningsverk samt påverkar slamkvaliteten negativt. Dagens sanitetssystem har begränsad kapacitet för att kunna hantera dessa föroreningar och samtidigt även bidra till att sluta kretsloppen. Det finns en del okända risker för miljön med innehållet i avloppsvattnet. Exempelvis på oönskade utsläpp i avloppsvatten är bl.a. tops, hår, hygienartiklar, fett, kemikalier, läkemedelsrester m.m. Reningsprocesserna för utsläppen kräver omfattande ekonomiska satsningar samt stora energi- och kemikaliekostnader. Vad gör egentligen VAbolagen idag för att minska på dessa utsläpp? Syftet med studien är att undersöka VA-bolags kommunikationsmetoder för att minska utsläppen från hushåll till avloppsreningsverken. Frågorna som ställs är följande: - Vilka kommunikationsvägar finns och används för att förmedla information från VAbolagen till anslutna hushåll? - Hur arbetar VA-bolag med kampanjer samt huruvida mäts effektiviteten av kampanjer? - Finns det best practice hos VA-bolagen? Studien bestod av en litteratursammanställning samt en intervjuundersökning där fyra VAbolag medverkade: Stockholms vatten och avfall AB, Kalmar vatten AB, Vatten & Miljö i Väst AB samt Laholmsbuktens VA. Syftet var att ta reda på hur de arbetar med miljökommunikation samt vilka kommunikationsmetoder de använder för att nå ut med information till anslutna hushåll och privatpersoner. I resultatet framkommer att HUR- och VAD- frågorna ligger till grund för miljökommunikation, samt att kommunikation kräver att fem punkter används för att budskap ska nå fram: vad, var, vem, hur och varför. För att skapa ett logiskt upplägg och skapa en helhet för en process bör arbetet läggas upp m.h.a. tre punkter: nulägesbeskrivning, framtidsvision samt en handlingsplan. VA-bolagen använder sig av flera olika kommunikationsvägar som ex. webbaserad hemsida, broschyrer, sociala medier, studiebesök, utskick samt kampanjer. På grund av tidsbrist och bristen på resurser lyckas inte kampanjer fylla de syften de är menade att nå. Det beror även på att kampanjerna inte utvärderas eller följs upp i tillräckligt stor utsträckning. VA bolagen anser att riktade mindre kampanjer och utskick mot rätt målgrupp är av de bättre kommunikationsmetoderna. Däremot framkommer det även att VA-bolagen inte aktivt arbetar med best practice samt att det inte finns något lagligt krav på att VA-bolagen måste informera sina användare om de regler och krav som finns. De slutsatser som kan dras är att VA-bolagen behöver skapa bättre strukturer i sina kampanjer samt att de måste utvärdera och följa upp alla insatser för att kunna göra framsteg i kommande insatser. Ett upplägg för best practice behöver tas fram för att VA-bolagen ständigt ska kunna utvecklas och hela tiden kunna jobba utefter de bästa metoderna för tillfället, utefter de resurser som tillhandahålls. Studien förordar även skärpta regelverk där inte bara verksamheter utan även hushållen kan drabbas och sanktioneras vid upptäckt av regelbrott.

nÃo hà / O cenÃrio de incerteza no mercado de capitais brasileiro, durante o perÃodo eleitoral, contribuiu para a formaÃÃo de clusters de volatilidade, que tornou difÃcil a precificaÃÃo dos ativos negociados na bolsa brasileira. Neste contexto, esta pesquisa visa investigar se este cenÃrio de incerteza poderia ter acarretado na quebra de algum dos maiores bancos brasileiros com capital aberto. As aÃÃes dos bancos analisados foram: Banco do Brasil ON, Bradesco PN e ItaÃUnibanco PN. A MÃtrica para essa pesquisa foi a de Value-at-Risk (VaR). Dois desses modelos sÃo ditos incondicionais no que se refere à variÃncia: o VaR Gaussiano incondicional e o VaR Best Fitting incondicional. Os outros dois modelos sÃo chamados de condicionais, assumindo que a volatilidade varia ao longo do tempo. A mÃtrica que melhor representou as sÃries temporais atravÃs do Backtesting foi o VaR Logistic condicional. A partir da estimaÃÃo do melhor modelo, identificou-se que os bancos nÃo quebrariam, mas poderiam ter acumulado expressiva desvalorizaÃÃo. / The scenario of uncertainty in Brazilian capital market, during the election period, contributed to the formation of volatility clusters, that made it difficult to pricing of the securities traded on the Brazilian stock exchange. In this context, this research aims to investigate if this scenario of uncertainty could have led to the breakdown of some of the largest Brazilian banks with open market. The actions of the banks analyzed were: Bank of Brazil ON, Bradesco PN and ItaÃUnibanco PN. The metric for this research was to Value-at-Risk (VaR). Two models that are said unconditional as regards the variance: unconditional Gaussian VaR and VaR Best Fitting unconditionally. The other two are called conditional models, assuming that the volatility varies over time. The best metric that represented the time series by Backtesting was conditional Logistic VaR. From the estimation of the best model, it was identified that the banks would not break, but could have accumulated significant devaluation.

Submitted by Cássia Santos (cassia.bcufg@gmail.com) on 2015-10-26T13:29:17Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Laísa Marra de Paula Cunha Bastos - 2015.pdf: 1622361 bytes, checksum: e1be07e3e8fb2277a0904bb198dc34e9 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2015-10-26T13:31:03Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Laísa Marra de Paula Cunha Bastos - 2015.pdf: 1622361 bytes, checksum: e1be07e3e8fb2277a0904bb198dc34e9 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-10-26T13:31:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Laísa Marra de Paula Cunha Bastos - 2015.pdf: 1622361 bytes, checksum: e1be07e3e8fb2277a0904bb198dc34e9 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-31 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The study aims to understand the ways in which best-selling autobiographies by Muslim women are produced. As a representative corpus, the books Infidel, by Ayaan Hirsi Ali; Princess, by Jean Sasson/Sultana; and I am Malala, by Malala Yousafzai/Christina Lamb were selected. Using Pierre Bourdieu's methodology – for whom a literary work should not be studied only by its text, but also by its insertion and circulation in various fields (literary, political, social) – the study conjectures that these narratives of life, since manufactured in the West and founded on the logic of the cultural industry of mass production of popular literature, are presented to the public circumscribed by neo-Orientalist discourses of the clash of civilizations. We refer to the discourses displayed in the post-September 11, 2001, which, reiterating the Orientalist discourse criticized by Edward Said, divided the world into superior West versus inferior Middle East. Therefore, we investigate, in the first chapter, the implications of the discourse of War on Terror to the commercial interest in personal narratives of Muslim women. Furthermore, we describe the corpus of narratives in order to characterize the subgenre of best-selling autobiographies of Muslim women, especially with regard to the dichotomies freedom/oppression, subversion/submission. In the second chapter, we analyse the importance of the autobiographical genre and the concepts of truth and authenticity to the rise of these books, as well as the relations of co-authorship present in such narratives. Then, in the third chapter, the focus is on making visible the editorial voices and their contributions to the spectacularization of the topos of the Muslim woman as a victim to be rescued from her society. To do so, the discourses of the peritext (cover, back cover and tabs) of these autobiographies will be examined. Therefore, we seek to question the limits and possibilities of self-representation of the subaltern subject in contexts marked by inequality of forces and intermediations of the speech. / O trabalho objetiva compreender os modos de produção de autobiografias best-sellers de mulheres muçulmanas. Como corpus representativo, selecionamos os livros Infiel, de Ayaan Hirsi Ali; Princesa, de Jean Sasson/Sultana; e Eu sou Malala, de Malala Yousafzai/Christina Lamb. Usando metodologia de Pierre Bourdieu, para quem uma obra literária não deve ser estudada apenas por seu texto, mas também por sua inserção e circulação nos diversos campos (literário, político, social), parte-se da hipótese de que essas narrativas de vida, uma vez que fabricadas no Ocidente com base nas lógicas da indústria cultural de massa e da literatura de grande produção, são apresentadas ao público circunscritas pelos discursos neoorientalistas do choque de civilizações. Referimo-nos aos discursos veiculados no pós-11 de setembro de 2001, que, reiterando o discurso orientalista criticado por Edward Said, dividiram o mundo em Ocidente superior versus Oriente inferior. Assim sendo, investigam-se, no primeiro capítulo, as implicações dos discursos da Guerra ao Terror para o interesse comercial em narrativas pessoais de mulheres muçulmanas. Além disso, as narrativas do corpus são examinadas no intuito de caracterizar o subgênero de autobiografias best-sellers de mulheres muçulmanas, principalmente no que concerne às dicotomias liberdade/opressão, subversão/submissão. No segundo capítulo, problematizam-se os pressupostos e a importância do gênero autobiográfico e dos conceitos de verdade e autenticidade para a ascensão desses livros, bem como as relações de coautoria presentes em tais narrativas. Depois, no terceiro capítulo, o foco está em tornar visíveis as vozes editoriais e suas contribuições para a espetacularização do topos da mulher muçulmana enquanto vítima a ser resgatada de sua sociedade. Para tanto, serão analisados os discursos peritextuais dessas autobiografias (capa, contracapa e abas). Assim sendo, busca-se problematizar os limites e as possibilidades da auto-representação do sujeito subalterno em contextos marcados pela inequidade de forças e por agenciamentos da fala.

I detta arbete undersöks hur man konstruerar en sökfunktion och hur sökresultatvisningen görs på bästa sätt. Sökfunktionen är oftast en central del på en webbsida idag och fyller en viktig roll för om en webbsida skall bli framgångsrik eller inte. Om informationen inte går att hitta på ett enkelt sätt kan webbsidan tappa sina användare ganska snabbt. Även presentationen av sökresultaten kan vara en vital del där logik, design och layout är viktiga aspekter som inte får förbises. Det finns således en hel del faktorer att ta hänsyn till som webbutvecklare. Rapporten går igenom några utvalda best-practice metoder från områden som layout, sökfält, sökresultat och paginering med syftet att identifiera viktiga och användbara metoder. En analys av 10 webbsidor samt en enkätundersökning genomfördes för att undersöka om metoderna tillämpades i verkligheten samt om det var metoder som användare efterfrågar. Arbetet resulterade i en sammanställning av viktiga faktorer som rekommenderas vid konstruktion av en användarvänlig sökfunktion och presentation av sökresultat.

Detta arbete undersöker hur företagare praktiskt kan optimera sina marknadsföringssatsningar i sociala medier. Marknadsföring i sociala medier är något som många företagsledare prioriterar eftersom det främjar en tvåvägskommunikation som i sin tur kan leda till att man når ut till fler kunder och ge lyckade vinsteffekter. Arbetet behandlar utvalda best-practices för att hitta de rekommendationer som kan ses som bäst lämpade för att praktiskt optimera ett företags webbsida och profilsidor i sociala medier. För att precisera rekommendationerna granskade arbetet vilka som tillämpas i verkligheten samt vilket behov och vilken kunskap mindre verksamheter har av sociala medier. Detta undersöktes genom att analysera fem företags aktivitet på Internet samt genomföra en enkätundersökning riktad till småföretagare. Resultatet omfattar en sammanställning över adekvata rekommendationer till mindre företag som praktiskt vill optimera sina marknadsföringssatsningar i sociala medier. / The purpose of this study is to examine how companies can preform practical optimization of their marketing efforts in social media. Marketing in social media is something that many business leaders prioritize as it promotes a two-way communication, which in turn can lead to the possibility to reach out to more customers and provide successful profit effects. The report examines selected best-practices to find those recommendations that can be viewed as best suited for pracital optimization of a company’s website and profile-pages in social media. In order to define the recommendations, the study reviewed which recommendations were applied to real companies and what need and what knowledge small businesses have in the area. This was examined by analyzing five businesses and their activity in social media, which was followed up by an digital survey targeting small businesses. The result include a summary of appropriate recommendations to smaller companies that want to practically optimize their marketing efforts in social media.

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Master´s thesis topic is a rest house. The house is projected in a Porotherm system. The house has a basement and three floors. The basement is built from concrete form-pieces. The kind of the roof is the saddle foof with 12°ramp. All constructions correspond to ČSN 73 0540.

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"The purpose of this study, then, is to determine whether or not the monthly selections of The Literary Guild of America are of good enough quality to enable the library staff to accept them as really good choices of current fiction. This paper includes a brief sketch of the history of the Literary Guild which outlines the club's background and selection and distribution policies. Next it presents an examination of each of the twelve titles distributed to Guild members in 1948, followed by a summary of the findings. An annotated bibliography of the titles selected by the Guild in 1947, arranged in order of issuance to members, is appended to this paper"--Introduction. / Typescript. / "August, 1953." / "Submitted to the Graduate Council of Florida State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science." / Advisor: Mary Edna Anders, Professor Directing Paper. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 53-58).

In 1926 the Book-of-the-Month Club sent its first selection to 4,750 members. Twenty three years later the club had 4,000,000 members, had distributed over 100,000,000 books, and was one of sixty such clubs operating in the United States. Much discussion has taken place and many articles have been written during this period relative to the merits of these organizations. The attacks have been made largely on the following points: (1) the organization was foisting on the public in dictatorial fashion prescribed reading; (2) emphasis was placed on economy, rather than the excellence of the book; (3) the young or unknown author was unable to compete with authors of established reputations; (4) a few favored publishers were receiving club's business and would force smaller and newer firms out of business; (5) retail book stores were losing sales because club members were paying less than retail prices; and (6) the book clubs were lowering the public taste. Time has weakened many of these arguments and the fears have proved groundless. But the final charge relative to the lowering of public taste still remains current and debatable. The criticism on this point has been bitter and is one of great interest to the librarian. For this reason the purpose of this paper is to try to adjudge the validity of that contention by examining and analyzing the selections of one of the clubs for a limited period in order to see the quality of the selections as evidenced by the evaluations of critics, both at the time of the publications of the books and at the present time. / Typescript. / "August, 1950." / "Submitted to the Graduate Council of Florida State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts." / Advisor: Robert G. Clapp, Professor Directing Paper. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 27-29).