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In both form and content, Wim Wenders's films create a cinema of wandering, tracing a route of intersections between the modern and postmodern visual landscape. The space of the world, its deserted horizons and populated streets, are a kind of visual architecture through which the mobile vision of the film wanders, just as Wenders's peripatetic characters wander through space and time towards encounters with others. This wandering invites a phenomenological understanding of embodied spectator experience and perception, for as much as Wenders's films are about the representative image, they are also about the dynamic relationship of the embodied spectator to the visible world. A first avenue of inquiry leads through the deserts and cities that shape the visual terrain of Wenders's cinema. These locations are always sites (places) and sights (images) of recuperation that offer critique, analysis, and resistance to the hyperreal and the reductive visual practices of postmodernity. A second route follows the journeys of both Wenders's characters and films. The insistence in existential phenomenology that meaning and intentionality inhere in the body's motility provides a starting point for elucidating the relationship of cinematic technology to embodied vision. The film and the spectator share a way of being in the world, and the wandering vision and audition that shape the journeys of Wenders's films are always expressions of the modern experience of space and time. Finally, this dissertation undertakes a third course, applying naturalized phenomenology to a reading of the encounters of Wenders's wandering subjects. This methodology allows for a clearer understanding of the socially mediated subject, and of the relationship of spectator to film. The dynamic mirroring that constitutes cinematic experience as it occurs neurologically and phenomenologically shapes cinematic encounters. Film is a mirror, but more significantly, the spectator is a mirror. For the spectator, as for Wenders's characters, wandering is a way of engaging the contingencies of the other and confronting the truths and lies behind cinematic illusion. / English

This thesis is devoted to a discussion of two-dimensional theories with (0,2) supersymmetry. Examples of two-dimensional (0,2) gauged linear sigma models (GLSMs) are constructed for various spaces including Grassmannians, complete intersections in Grassmannians, and non-complete intersections such as Pfaffians. Generalizations of (2,2) Toda dual theories to (0,2) Toda-like theories are also discussed and some examples are given, including products of projective spaces and del Pezzo surfaces. Correlation functions are computed to show the examples are the correct mirror models. / Ph. D.

The seventeenth-century epic poem Paradise Lost is one of the most widely studied texts in all of literary history. The work, written by John Milton, depicts Satan's fall from Heaven and subsequent deeds on Earth and in Hell. One of the more remarkable and, often, most overlooked scenes in the story involves the distinctive personification of Sin and Death. Milton depicts Sin as the daughter of Satan, with no mention of a mother, born through a process of spontaneous generation. Satan then becomes so captivated by his daughter's wickedness that he forces himself upon her, causing Sin to bear a son, Death. This illustration is striking, especially given that it also appears in the opening pages of the fourteenth-century Mirour de l'Omme (c. 1376) by John Gower. In both Milton and Gower's poems, Satan, Sin, and Death are personified as having this familial, incestuous relationship which ultimately creates the world's evils. Their depictions are not merely reminiscent of one another, but rather, often match up in nearly identical fashions. John S. P. Tatlock was the among the first to notice these similarities, but was also quick to express his hesitance to say with any sort of assurance that Milton had read Gower: "Since only one manuscript of the Mirour is known, and that was never published until seven years ago [1899], the chance is infinitesimal that Milton ever heard of the poem. But that his and Gower's sources are ultimately the same seems to me highly probable." Yet to date, no studies have been conducted to determine which shared sources could possibly lead Milton and Gower to construct such similar personifications of Sin and Death. Indeed, John Fisher notes that currently "the influence of the Mirour upon Paradise Lost remains an open question." It is upon this open question that I now attempt to help fill this century-old void in literary research / Master of Arts

No / Patient-led therapy, in which patients work outside therapy sessions without direct supervision, is a possible way to increase the amount of therapy stroke patients' receive without increasing staff demands. Here, we report patients' views of patient-led mirror therapy and lower limb exercises. 94 stroke survivors with upper and lower limb limitations at least 1-week post-stroke undertook 4 weeks of daily patient-led mirror therapy or lower limb exercise, then completed questionnaires regarding their experience and satisfaction. A convenience random sample of 20 participants also completed a semi-structured telephone interview to consider their experience in more detail and to capture their longer term impressions. Participants were generally positive about patient-led therapy. About 71% found it useful; 68% enjoyed it; 59% felt it "worked" and 88% would recommend it to other patients. Exercise was viewed more positively than the mirror therapy. Difficulties included arranging the equipment and their position, particularly for more severe strokes, loss of motivation and concerns about working unsupervised. Patient-led mirror therapy and lower limb exercises during in-patient rehabilitation is generally feasible and acceptable to patients but "light touch" supervision to deal with any problems, and strategies to maintain focus and motivation are needed. Implications for Rehabilitation Most stroke patients receive insufficient therapy to maximize recovery during rehabilitation. As increases in staffing are unlikely there is an imperative to find ways for patients to increase the amount of exercise and practice of functional tasks they undertake without increasing demands on staff. Patient-led therapy (also known as patient-directed therapy or independent practice), in which patients undertake exercises or functional tasks practice prescribed by a professional outside formal therapy sessions is one way of achieving this. It is widely used in community-based rehabilitation but is uncommon in hospital-based stroke care. We explored the feasibility and acceptability of two types of patient-led therapy during hospital-based stroke care; mirror therapy for the upper limb and exercises (without a mirror) for the lower limb. Here, we report patients' experiences of undertaking patient-led therapy. Patient-led mirror therapy and lower limb exercises during in-patient stroke rehabilitation is generally feasible and acceptable to patients but "light touch" supervision to deal with any problems, and strategies to maintain focus and motivation are needed.

In wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) optical communication networks, signals are amplified periodically by optical amplifiers. Since the gain profiles of optical amplifiers are not flat, equalizers are usually used to maintain signal powers at different wavelengths in equal to avoid crosstalk and data loss. However, fixed attenuation can only compensate fixed input power and amplification. In active network, input power and amplifier gain change with time. Active level compensation at each wavelength is needed. An adaptive attenuator is a device with a chromatically variable transmissivity used to equalize channel powers in wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) fiber-optic communication lines. In this thesis, a method of Fourier analysis of multi-beam interference is developed. It is shown that the total electric field and relative phase delay of each beam form a Fourier transform pair. Thus methods and properties of Fourier analysis are applicable in multi-beam interference analysis and design. Fourier transform based design is presented. Novel devices that apply such design principles are introduced. Principles and structures of novel adaptive attenuators based on various technologies such as segment deformable mirror, liquid crystal, phase modulation array are given. Simulation results for segment deformable mirror based adaptive attenuator are presented. / Master of Science

The Giant Magellan Telescope (GMT) will be featured with two Gregorian secondary mirrors, an adaptive secondary mirror (ASM) and a fast-steering secondary mirror (FSM). The FSM has an effective diameter of 3.2 m and built as seven 1.1 m diameter circular segments, which are conjugated 1:1 to the seven 8.4m segments of the primary. Each FSM segment contains a tip-tilt capability for fine co-alignment of the telescope subapertures and fast guiding to attenuate telescope wind shake and mount control jitter. This tip-tilt capability thus enhances performance of the telescope in the seeing limited observation mode. As the first stage of the FSM development, Phase 0 study was conducted to develop a program plan detailing the design and manufacturing process for the seven FSM segments. The FSM development plan has been matured through an internal review by the GMTO-KASI team in May 2016 and fully assessed by an external review in June 2016. In this paper, we present the technical aspects of the FSM development plan.

The purpose of this Master thesis was to evaluate the effects of the Mirror program on upper- limb motor recovery, self-sufficiency and active range of wrist movement in patients after brain injury. It was included sixteen participants within maximal four months after stroke. Patients were separated into experimental and control group, both with eight members. Experimental group underwent Mirror therapy. Both group participated in a standard rehabilitation program included Physiotherapy, Occupational therapy, physical therapy and movement practice on device. Experimental group patients additionally participated in Mirror therapy program for 30 mins, four times a week, for three weeks. The Fugl-Meyer Assessment, Functional Independence Measure and goniometric measurement of active movement were used to assess recovery of upper-limb movement. Mirror therapy improve upper-limb motor recovery in patients after brain injury. This research demonstrates it with significant difference between both groups, where the experimental group have improved (0,02). I have also proved Mirror therapy, when included in occupational therapy, improves the self-sufficiency of people with neurological deficit. Comparing the data from Functional Independence Measurement, I found the difference between groups statistically...

The purpose of this thesis was to analyse the interactive movie Bandersnatch, which is part of the media critical series Black Mirror. The main questions were focused on what Bandersnatch communicate about the power relationship between media and audience, the function of the interactive aspect, and media criticism. A multimodal method and film analysis were used to investigate this. The analysis and discussion were based on several media and communication theories regarding hegemony, mediatization and media criticism. The result showed that Bandersnatch communicate that the audience, and members of a mediatized society, are controlled by the media and the government and therefore does not have free will. This hegemony is upheld by the media that is used to create a false consciousness amongst the public. The interactive aspect of Bandersnatch reinforces this message. Although this is heavily communicated within the film, Black Mirror is not seeking actual reform of the hegemony which leaves the media criticism questionable. / <p>Mats Hyvönen är examinator för den aktuella uppsatsen medan Per Vesterlund är examinator för hela kursen.</p>