This work focuses on the need for new knowledge to allow hierarchical multi-project management to be conducted in the construction industry, which is characterised by high uncertainty, fragmentation, complex decisions, dynamic changes and long-distance communication. A dynamic integrated project management approach is required at strategic, tactical and operational levels in order to achieve adaptability. The work sees the multi-project planning and control problem in the context of supply chain management at main contractor companies. A portfolio manager must select and prioritise the projects, bid and negotiate with a wide range of clients, while project managers are dealing with subcontractors, suppliers, etc whose relationships and collaborations are critical to the optimisation of schedules in which time, cost and safety (etc) criteria must be achieved. Literature review and case studies were used to investigate existing approaches to hierarchical multi-project management, to identify the relationships and interactions between the parties concerned, and to investigate the possibilities for integration. A system framework was developed using a multi-agent-system architecture and utilising procedures adapted from literature to deal with short, medium and long-term planning. The framework is based on in-depth case study and integrates time-cost trade-off for project optimisation with multi-attribute utility theory to facilitate project scheduling, subcontractor selection and bid negotiation at the single project level. In addition, at the enterprise level, key performance indicator rule models are devised to align enterprise supply chain configuration (strategic decision) with bid selection and bid preparation/negotiation (tactical decision) and project supply chain selection (operational decision). Across the hierarchical framework the required quantitative and qualitative methods are integrated for project scheduling, risk assessment and subcontractor evaluation. Thus, experience sharing and knowledge management facilitate project planning across the scattered construction sites. The mathematical aspects were verified using real data from in-depth case study and a test case. The correctness, usefulness and applicability of the framework for users was assessed by creating a prototype Multi Agent System-Decision Support System (MAS-DSS) which was evaluated empirically with four case studies in national, international, large and small companies. The positive feedback from these cases indicates strong acceptance of the framework by experienced practitioners. It provides an original contribution to the literature on planning and supply chain management by integrating a practical solution for the dynamic and uncertain complex multi-project environment of the construction industry.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T14:23:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Wander de Moraes Paes.pdf: 1162817 bytes, checksum: 45da7f91468b50a422ea7d8a7cd4f2a1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-08-06 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The concept of sharing computing resources among WEB participants, has been gradually extended to support scenarios in wireless world, networks, mobile devices which introduce a variety possible uses. Wireless devices become a key of sharing information among peoples. In this point of view we present the main challenges in pervasive/ubiquitous concepts for wireless applications networks, focusing on the resource of systems and information interoperability. The idea about interdisciplinary culture, as instrument of dissemination and production of the knowledge in the digital environment, is a factor that also is applied to the environment of the mobile devices that remain the necessity of a study related to the interoperability what refers to the communication and the exchange information among peoples. This phenomenon shows up as a trend of the systems solutions in Wireless environments and WEB due to variety use of the electronic devices without wire as: cellular, PDA´s, Smartphone and Pocket PC. The consolidation of the Internet as a collaboration environment as well as the sprout of the mobile applications had directly influenced the business solutions and the systems architecture in the contemporary society. This new cartographic map of the decentralized services in cyberspace is fertile environment for the study about mobile medias environment and its consequence among stakeholders in ciberspace, a scene that represents significant impact in the contribution of the information in the development of the interfaces of the mobile systems. This map of information characterizes for a harmonic acquaintance between the centralization and the decentralization of the information in the mobile network. Therefore, the specific objective of the thesis involves the idea about mobile interoperability devices under the phenomenal about: mobility, cyberspace, portable devices and the technological aspects of the hybrid networks and new media architecture. The emergency of this context represents an important research study of the technology due a great solution offered by telecom corporations and political government. The aim of this research does not only approach the technological aspect centered in design of systems and programs, but also it focuses the benefits of the interoperability about all the flow of the information, deriving of the decentralized flow of information in wireless environment and WEB, these aspects had influenced the companies and the society in the digital culture. These solutions prevail are inside the same solution for the collaboration and people integration in cyberspace / O conceito da cultura interdisciplinar, como instrumento de disseminação e produção do conhecimento no ambiente digital é um fator que também se aplica ao ambiente dos dispositivos móveis. O que traduz a necessidade de um estudo relacionado à interoperabilidade das informações no que tange a comunicação e a troca das informações por meio destes últimos. O tecnologia sem fio afirma-se como tendência das soluções sistêmicas devido à popularização do uso dos dispositivos eletrônicos (celular, PDA´s, Smartphone e Pocket PC) e principalmente pelo papel da sociedade como parte integrante no dinamismo do processo de colaboração das informações. A consolidação da Internet e do surgimento da tecnologia móvel, sob a perspectiva da colaboração das informações, influenciou diretamente as soluções de negócio e os sistemas computacionais na sociedade contemporânea. Esse novo mapa cartográfico dos serviços descentralizados no ciberespaço é um palco fértil para o estudo da influência das mídias móveis e seu reflexo nas relações humanas. O que representou um impacto significativo no ambiente de desenvolvimento de sistemas inserido num ambiente heterogêneo que se caracteriza também por uma convivência harmônica entre a centralização e a descentralização das informações. Portanto, o objetivo específico dessa dissertação é apresentar a idéia da interoperabilidade dos dispositivos móveis sob o contexto dos fenômenos contemporâneos da mobilidade, ciberespaço móvel e os aspectos tecnológicos das redes e arquitetura de sistemas móveis. A emergência deste contexto representa um palco fértil para o estudo da tecnologia sem fio oferecida pelas grandes corporações. O foco desta pesquisa não aborda somente os aspectos tecnológicos centrados no design de sistemas e programas, mas também enfoca a interoperabilidade em todo o fluxo das informações na WEB e no emergente ambiente tecnológico Wireless com abordagens que influenciaram as empresas e a sociedade na cultura digital. O que representa o meio digital móvel e a interoperabilidade como parte integrante de uma mesma inovação tecnológica como solução para a colaboração das informações e integração de pessoas no ciberespaço

Les tempêtes hivernales causent des pertes en bois qui s’élèvent à 50% du volume des dégâts dans les forêts européennes. Les phénomènes de déracinement des arbres (chablis) sont les plus fréquents or ils sont encore mal compris. Cette thèse vise à mieux comprendre le processus de déracinement de l’arbre et à identifier les traits structuraux et matériels (racines, sol) ayant un effet du premier ordre sur l’ancrage racinaire dans le cas du Pinus pinaster. Un modèle d’éléments finis a été développé et permis de simuler et suivre la chronologie des ruptures successives au cours du déracinement. Un seuil de rupture globale de l’ancrage est ainsi défini comme une résultante de l’architecture et de la résistance des matériaux en jeu (racines, sol). Cela devrait permettre à terme d’améliorer les modèles de risque au vent qui actuellement n’incluent pas de relation mécaniste pour le chablis. Dans la même logique, nous nous sommes appuyés sur les données expérimentales pour construire une architecture simplifiée du système racinaire du P. pinaster. L’importance des différentes composantes sur le mécanisme d’ancrage a été étudiée et le rôle essentiel joué par le pivot et les racines traçantes montré. Ce résultat confirme de nombreuses études expérimentales et théoriques et pour la première fois permet de quantifier ces effets. Le nombre de paramètres pertinents pourra ainsi être réduit pour exprimer l’ancrage. Cela ouvre des perspectives intéressantes pour simplifier l’utilisation du modèle pour l’appliquer à d’autres espèces, d’autres conditions de sol et différentes pratiques sylvicoles. / Winter storms cause 50% of wood damage by volume to European forests. Tree uprooting isthe most frequent phenomenon during storms ; however the mechanism is not well understood.This thesis aims to better understand the tree uprooting process and to identify both rootstructural features and material properties which have first-order effects on tree anchoragestrength for the case ofPinus pinaster. A Finite Element Model has been developed and allowedsimulating and tracking the sequential root breakage during the course of tree overturning. Anoverall tree anchorage strength is thus defined as the resultant of contribution of root systemarchitecture and material strength (roots, soil). This would allow improving the risk modelswhich currently don’t include any mechanistic relationships to describe tree uprooting. In thesame spirit, we have relied on root architectural data to build a simplified root system patternwith features ofP. pinaster. Importance of different root components has been studied andthe essential role of the taproot and shallow roots demonstrated. This result has confirmednumerous experimental and theoretical studies and for the first time quantified these impacts.Therefore the number of relevant parameters can be reduced to express overall root anchorage.This opens new prospects to simplify the model in order to apply to other species under othersoil conditions and considering different silvicultural practices

在80年代末期與90年代初期所討論的企業運籌管理與企業再造，都是強調在企業本身的流程管理的合理化、標準化與自動化，然而在90年代末期，由於網際網路商業應用的盛行，使得原本在90年代初期學術界所提的供應鏈管理變得更加可行。供應鏈管理重視在企業間的流程整合，使供應鏈能達到整體的流程最佳化，以提供最終使用者一個低成本、高服務品質的產品，其重點即在企業間的流程整合，運用資訊科技以達到此目的是必然的。雖然供應鏈管理被提出已有十多年之久，但是文獻中大部分僅針對管理層面上，對於系統方面卻仍然停留在企業內運籌系統，因此本研究將提出一系統架構，以達成供應鏈管理之目標。 本研究將依據關於供應鏈管理．供應鏈管理系統相關之文獻，根據文獻之結果，設計一套供應鏈管理系統架構之模型，並且使用物件導向軟體開發之技術與UML建立物件模型，最後選擇其中一功能，開發一雛形系統以驗證此架構之可行性。 本研究希望達成以下的目標：1)利用軟體系統以達成供應鏈之流程整合之目標，；2)建立一供應鏈系統架構模型，以輔助資訊廠商或企業開發供應鏈系統時之系統架構參考模型；3)與遺產系統(legacy system)結合，使用XML，與物件導向技術SOAP，提供遺產系統與供應鏈系統一個整合方案；4)降低系統使用障礙，利用WWW為人機介面，可以降低使用者使用進入障礙；5)降低系統導入成本，利用Internet的特性，企業不一定需要將系統購回，可以藉由網路，到供應鏈應用系統提供者，使用系統。 / Supply chain management (SCM) is the integration of business processes from end consumeis through original suppliers that provides product, services and infoimation. By this definition, we know that SCM is a series of management processes across firms forming a supply chain network. Cooper et al. [1] stated that those processes are customer relationship management, customer service management, demand management, order fulfillment, manufacturing flows management, procurement, product development and commercialization. In this paper, we propose an architecture and an object-oriented (00) model of SCM systems. This architecture contains three main components. The first one is "System Portal" , which is an interface between users and the system objects. The second one named "Object Repository" , which is used to store objects of the SCM system, makes the development, management and usage of these objects easier. The third one is "Database" , which is a universal database to store all data of the SCM system. Then, an 00 Model is developed based on this proposed architecture. This 00 model is graphically depicted using Unified Modeling Language (UML). We believe that the proposed architecture and 00 model in this paper can be used as a reference architecture and a reference model to help system developers to easily build their-owned SCM systems.

This thesis presents work done during the last ten years on developing five multimodal spoken dialogue systems, and the empirical user studies that have been conducted with them. The dialogue systems have been multimodal, giving information both verbally with animated talking characters and graphically on maps and in text tables. To be able to study a wider rage of user behaviour each new system has been in a new domain and with a new set of interactional abilities. The five system presented in this thesis are: The Waxholm system where users could ask about the boat traffic in the Stockholm archipelago; the Gulan system where people could retrieve information from the Yellow pages of Stockholm; the August system which was a publicly available system where people could get information about the author Strindberg, KTH and Stockholm; the AdAptsystem that allowed users to browse apartments for sale in Stockholm and the Pixie system where users could help ananimated agent to fix things in a visionary apartment publicly available at the Telecom museum in Stockholm. Some of the dialogue systems have been used in controlled experiments in laboratory environments, while others have been placed inpublic environments where members of the general public have interacted with them. All spoken human-computer interactions have been transcribed and analyzed to increase our understanding of how people interact verbally with computers, and to obtain knowledge on how spoken dialogue systems canutilize the regularities found in these interactions. This thesis summarizes the experiences from building these five dialogue systems and presents some of the findings from the analyses of the collected dialogue corpora. / QC 20100611

Die Marktbedingungen in der Automobilindustrie sind durch kürzere Entwicklungszeiträume, eine zunehmende Anzahl an Komfortfunktionen und Fahrzeugderivaten sowie steigende Erwartungen an Qualität, Effizienz und Sicherheit geprägt. Die reale Erprobung ist ein kritischer Pfad im Entwicklungsprozess. Die vorliegende Arbeit beschreibt ein neues Prüfsystemkonzept für die Komponentenerprobung, welches diesen Anforderungen Rechnung trägt. Das Herzstück ist eine softwarebasierte Systemarchitektur zur Automatisierung von Prototypentests. Schwerpunkte sind die Flexibilität in der Praxisanwendung, die Ausweitung der Messdatenerfassung mit zweckmäßiger Verwaltung zur Bauteilüberwachung und Fehlerrekonstruktion sowie eine aufgabenorientierte Schnittstelle zur Integration von Robotern. Diese übernehmen die mechanische Betätigung von beweglichen Fahrzeugkomponenten. Anhand von zwei konkreten Beispielen, einem Prüfstand zur Absicherung von Fahrzeugtüren sowie einem Prüfstand für Steifigkeitsmessungen wird die Praxistauglichkeit nachgewiesen.

Μία από τις πιο γοργά αναπτυσσόμενες περιοχές της επιστήμης των υπολογιστών είναι η ανάπτυξη έξυπνων συστημάτων που υποστηρίζουν τις αποφάσεις των χρηστών και παρέχουν ένα ευρύ πεδίο υπηρεσιών. Η εξυπνάδα τους βασίζεται στην παρακολούθηση και αποκωδικοποίηση των αναγκών και την προσομοίωση της συμπεριφοράς του χρήστη. Το αντικείμενο της παρούσας διατριβής είναι η παρουσίαση ενός νέου, αξιόπιστου συστήματος δυναμικής αξιολόγησης της συμπεριφοράς του οδηγού και υποστήριξης αυτού σε πραγματικό χρόνο. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, δίνεται έμφαση στην ανοικτή, προσανατολισμένη προς τις υπηρεσίες (service-oriented) αρχιτεκτονική του, στους κανόνες που το διέπουν και στο υλικό και το λογισμικό που του επιτρέπουν να παρέχει διαλειτουργικές υπηρεσίες. Εφαρμόζεται η συστημική προσέγγιση που αρχίζει με τα στοιχεία εισόδου. Τα στοιχεία αυτά αφορούν βασικά τον οδηγό: προσωπικά στοιχεία, προφίλ, καλούς χειρισμούς κ.ά., το αυτοκίνητο: ταχύτητα, επιτάχυνση, επιβράδυνση, γωνία τιμονιού, αριθμός στροφών κινητήρα, σχέση μετάδοσης στο κιβώτιο ταχυτήτων, μοντέλο και τύπος οχήματος και το περιβάλλον: GPS, RFID, κάμερες, αισθητήρες, ασύρματες και δορυφορικές επικοινωνίες κ.ά. Συνεχίζουμε με την ευφυή - αλγοριθμική, στατιστική κ.λπ. - επεξεργασία αυτών των στοιχείων (α) για να εκτιμήσουμε την τρέχουσα κατάσταση του οδηγού και του οχήματος στις συγκεκριμένες περιβαλλοντικές συνθήκες και (β) για να κατανοήσουμε τη συμπεριφορά και να υποστηρίξουμε παθητικά ή ενεργά τον οδηγό κατά τη διάρκεια ενός ταξιδιού. Παράγουμε πρωτότυπα αποτελέσματα, δηλαδή χρήσιμη πληροφορία και πιθανές συμβουλές προς τον οδηγό του οχήματος, στοιχεία για την συμπεριφορά του οδηγού με σκοπό την περαιτέρω χρήση αυτών των πληροφοριών από άλλους φορείς, όπως ασφαλιστικές, εταιρείες, ελεγκτικά όργανα του κράτους κ.λπ. Βέβαια, οι δυνατότητες που προσφέρονται από το προτεινόμενο σύστημα μπορούν να οδηγήσουν σε οφέλη και για τις ασφαλιστικές εταιρείες οι οποίες καλούνται να εκσυγχρονίζουν συνεχώς τον τρόπο με τον οποίο καθορίζουν το ύψος των ασφαλίστρων. Επιπλέον, το προτεινόμενο σύστημα θα μπορούσε να χρησιμοποιηθεί από εταιρείες που διαθέτουν στόλο οχημάτων, προκειμένου να επαληθεύουν και να ελέγχουν την ικανότητα των οδηγών σε πραγματικό χρόνο. Τέλος, το προτεινόμενο σύστημα θα μπορούσε να χρησιμοποιηθεί από το υπουργείο μεταφορών, την τροχαία, τους φορείς τοπικής διοίκησης κ.ά. / One of the fastest growing areas of computer science is the development of intelligent systems that support user decisions and provide a wide range of services. Their intelligence is based on monitoring and decoding of real needs, as well as the simulation of end user’s behavior. The object of this Thesis is the presentation of a new, integrated system for dynamic evaluation of driver behavior. In particular, we emphasize at its open, service-oriented architecture, the incorporated set of rules and the system hardware and software which allow it to provide interoperability. We apply the systematic approach that begins with the input data plus requirements. These data mainly concern the driver: personal data, profile, good practices etc., the vehicle: speed, acceleration, deceleration, steering angle, engine speed, gear ratio in gearbox, model and type, and the environment: GPS, RFID, cameras, wireless and satellite communications, etc. Then, these data are processed applying an intelligent-algorithmic, statistical etc.- approach in order (a) to evaluate the current state of the driver and the car in certain environmental conditions, and (b) to understand the behavior and passively or actively support the driver during a travel. We produce original results, i.e. useful information and possible recommendations to the driver of the vehicle, data concerning the driver behavior and thus, this information can be further used by others, such as insurance companies, audit institutions of state etc. We place great emphasis on cutting-edge technologies that are applied to achieve the required feedback, parameterization and adaptation of the system. Of course, the capabilities offered by the proposed system can lead to clear benefits for various organizations, like insurance companies, which are required to continually update their price policy, companies that have a fleet of vehicles, in order to verify the ability of the drivers and support them in real time. Finally, the proposed system could be used by the Ministry of Transport, the traffic police, the local authorities etc.

En systemarkitekts praktik består till stor del av att tolka, beskriva och strukturera verksamhetsprocesser och -information som underlag för förändrings- och utvecklingsarbete, oftast med stöd av it-system. Professionen betraktas traditionellt som en teknisk ingenjörskonst. Men de problem jag ställs inför som arkitekt handlar inte enbart om att designa tekniska system och kommunikation mellan maskiner, utan minst lika ofta om att hantera utmaningar relaterade till mellanmänsklig kommunikation i komplexa situationer. Vad händer om vi fokuserar på denna andra del av arkitektens praktiska kunskap? Denna magister- uppsats handlar om språkets och kommunikationens roll i kontexten av ett systemutvecklingsprojekt. Författaren använder sig av metaforer i en gestaltande skönlitterär kontext som kreativ metod för att visualisera och förmedla olika aspekter på systemarkitektens yrkesroll och praktik. På så vis utnyttjar uppsatsen den mer experimentella form som essän erbjuder för att även utforska sina egna uttrycksmöjligheter. Essäns teoretiska material baserar sig på den språkfilosofiska tradition som utvecklats av Ludwig Wittgenstein och Gilbert Ryle. Utifrån dessa båda tänkares verk förs ett resonemang runt språkets och den kontextuella förståelsens betydelse för systemarkitektens praktiska kunskap. Essän väver även in tankegångar från Thomas Kuhn, Peter Naur och Donald Schön i syfte att utforska just metaforens, improvisationens och den kreativa kommunikationens roll som verktyg i systemarkitektens praktik. / The system architect ́s practice is mainly about interpreting, describing and structuring the processes and information of an enterprise in order to create a foundation for change and development, often supported by IT systems. The profession is traditionally regarded as an art of technical engineering. But the problems I face as architect is not exclusively about designing technical systems and communication between machines, but just as much about handling challenges related to inter-subjective communi- cation between human beings in situations of complex interaction. What happens if we focus on this second aspect of the practical knowledge of the architect? This essay is about the role of language and communication in the context of a system development project. The author uses metaphors in fictional context as a creative method to visualize and mediate different aspects on the architect ́s professional role and practice. In that sense the text utilizes the more experimental form offered by the essay in order to explore its own expressive possibilities. The theoretical material of this essay is based on the language philosophical tradition developed by Ludwig Wittgenstein and Gilbert Ryle. Starting out from these two thinkers, the author reasons around the importance language and contextual understanding has for the practical knowledge of the system architect. Further on the essay weaves in thoughts from Thomas Kuhn, Peter Naur and Donald Schön with the purpose of exploring the role of the metaphor, improvisation and creative communication as tools in the practice of the system architect.

我國壽險產業在產品、獲利、通路、法令及未來發展方向等各方面的改變，造成各壽險公司必須在經營策略上有所改變。而基於資訊系統對企業影響演進的歷程與策略協同模式的觀點，當代企業，資訊技術已扮演著舉足輕重的角色，從降低成本與提升效率到企業再造與典範移轉。雖然資訊系統是協助組織面對環境改變與企業經營的基礎，也是在知識經濟下以知識為基礎的新產品與服務的基石，但是若企業的策略無法與IT的策略緊密的結合，資訊技術就無法發揮其應有的功效。 老舊系統在面對包括驟變的產業模式、驟變的商業模式、新興的資訊技術與新的資訊技術架構等多面向的衝擊，實在無法協助企業，達到敏捷性企業的境界，因此必需要考慮資訊系統的轉換。然而，老舊系統的轉換卻又是費時、耗錢且冗長的工作，同時，很多企業的系統轉換，並不是一次完成，而是靠一連串的系統改善或再造專案來完成，就更容易造成前後不一致的狀況，而無法達成預期的目標，因此，在進行資訊系統轉換之時，必須要擬定老舊系統轉換策略，才能夠整合各自獨立的專案，朝向一致的目標邁進。 / Life insurance industry of our country is in the changes of various fields such as products, profits, distribution channels, regulations and future thrusts. Lots of insurance companies have to change their strategy. As we knew information technology has been playing very important roles, for example, IT can provide critical revenue opportunities and cost savings during tough times and IT has become both an enabling element and driving force within this rapidly shifting industry, but base on the theory of business IT alignment, if IT strategy could not align with business strategy then it could not work as efficiency as we expected. The need for agility is commonplace across every industry. Could the legacy systems support this kind of change? Unfortunately, most legacy systems prevent businesses from being more adaptable to change. The only way is transforming legacy architectures into reliable, adaptable assets that contribute to ability of an enterprise to respond to continuous, fast-paces change. But transforming the legacy system is time-consuming, expensive and tediously long work, we have to set up legacy systems transformation strategy to ensue successful.

Die Zulieferindustrie im Automobilbereich sieht sich heutzutage hochkomplexen Systemen bei der Entwicklung von Verbrennungsmotoren gegenüber. Applikationssteuergeräte mit passendem Datenstand werden selten von Fahrzeugherstellern an Dritte für die Entwicklung am Verbrennungsmotor bereitgestellt. Eine Alternative bieten Prototypensteuergeräte mit individuellen Softwarepaketen, die in ihrer Funktionalität auf die Bedürfnisse der Entwicklungsingenieure zugeschnitten sind. Die FlexECU von ETAS ist ein gutes Beispiel für solch ein offenes, kostengünstiges und seriennahes Prototypensteuergerät. Hauptbestandteil dieser Arbeit ist die Entwicklung und Integration eines Momentemodells in eine vorhandene Motorsteuerungssoftware sowie die Applikation dieses Modells am Motorprüfstand. Die Motivation für die Erweiterung der jetzigen Motorsteuerungssoftware um das Momentemodell ist, den Entwicklungsingenieuren ein möglichst seriennahes Steuergeräteumfeld bei der Erarbeitung innovativer verbrauchs- und schadstoffoptimierter Konzepte für den Verbrennungsmotor bereitzustellen. Bei der Evaluation wird gezeigt, dass die Integration und die Funktion des Momentenmodells grundsätzlich gelungen ist. Diese Arbeit bildet den Grundstein für eine umfangreiche Entwicklung, die noch einige Zeit in Anspruch nehmen wird, bis eine voll umfängliche abgesicherte Software geschaffen ist. / Nowadays, the automotive supplier industry is confronted with highly complex systems for the development of internal combustion engines. Vehicle manufacturers very rarely provide third party developers with their engine control units with calibration access and matching description and data files for internal combustion engines. An alternative are prototype control units with individual software packages, which in their functionality are adapted to the needs of development engineers. One example for such an open, cost-effective and field-proven control system development platform is FlexECU from ETAS. The essential part of this thesis is the development and integration of a torque-based system structure for an existing engine management system and the calibration of this model on an engine test bench. The motivation for this improvement is to provide development engineers with a control unit environment as close to serial as possible for the development of consumption- and emission-optimized concepts for internal combustion engines. The evaluation shows that integration as well as functionality of the torque-based system structure has generally been achieved. This thesis lays the foundations for an extensive development of this system – although the creation of a fully verified and validated software will still take some time.