Text in Afrikaans / In this study the researcher explored and described the use of Gestalt play therapy with specific focus on self-support with the child in middle childhood years. A literature study was undertaken to examine the concepts of child, Gestalt play therapy, self-support and the play therapy process. This literature study forms the theoretical frame in which this study was done. After the completion of the literature study, the empirical study was conducted. The researcher made use of unstructured interviews within a intrinsic single case study in order to compile research data. During the empirical study ten therapy sessions were conducted with the participant which was explored within the framework of qualitative research methodology. The researcher was able to use ample Gestalt play therapy concepts and principles during the description of the case study in order to explore self-support within the child during middle childhood. These concepts and principles will be discussed in depth within this study. / Social Work / M.Diac. (Spelterapie-rigting)

Registered nurses are exposed to the risk of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection and contracting the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Qualitative phenomenological research was conducted to explore registered nurses' experiences of working in such a high-risk environment and how their experiences influence the therapeutic relationship. A sample of registered nurses who care for HIV-infected persons or persons who suffer from AIDS was purposefully selected. Focus group interviews were conducted. Qualitative data analysis was performed. Frankl's theory of meaning of life served as a theoretical foundation for interpreting the research findings. The research results revealed that registered nurses experience existential frustration due to the intentional and unintentional risks that they are exposed to. This negatively impacts upon their ability to maintain a healthy therapeutic relationship with patients. However, evidence was obtained indicating that some factors support their quest for finding meaning in life in the workplace. / Health Studies / M.A. (Health Studies)

Text in Afrikaans / During the initial stages of Gestalt play therapy qualitative assessment is vital within the therapeutic relationship, to gain information about the child in order to strengthen this relationship, enhance awareness and for further interventions. Research confirmed the lack and problems with current assessment tools, within various helping professions, which were addressed in this study. The board game, as a Gestalt assessment tool, was compiled for the primary school child and focuses on the therapeutic relationship, sensory stimulation and the process of the child (Schoeman-3-aspect model). Information was gathered by a literature review, semi structured interviews with two professionals and by observing the application of the board game. Valuable information was gathered concerning the child and was strengthened by literature. Relevant conclusions and recommendations were made. This board game can be effectively used by play therapists in the initial stages of assessment with the primary school child, for relationship building, sensory stimulation and determining the child's process. / Social Work / M.Diac.

Text in Afrikaans / The research was directed at setting up guidelines for the counsellor dealing with the adolescent in a multicultural environment. The supposition of the study was that the adolescent in a multicultural environment should be treated by the counsellor with cultural empathy, understanding and insight. This process should be free from stereotyping and prejudice. Guidelines were set up using a combination of Gestalt philosophical principles, existing literature and semi-structured interviews with cultural therapy experts. For the purpose of this study Thomas and Rothman's intervention research model was applied. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to gain information on the adolescent in therapy, which was combined with information found in literature in order to set up guidelines for counsellors. The researcher concludes that the counsellor dealing with the adolescent in a multicultural environment, has to possess sufficient cultural knowledge, cultural efficiency and cultural empathy to achieve a successful theurapeutic outcome. Guidelines for the counsellor who works with adolescents in a multicultural environment were set up successfully to bridge the current lack of knowledge in the field. / Social Work / M. Diac (Play Therapy)

Training in psychotherapy needs to involve more than merely skills and techniques. The field of psychotherapy needs to involve more than the application of formulas in a modernistic framework. This study proposes an approach to training in psychotherapy where the emphasis is on the client and the therapeutic relationship. Psychotherapy training should be an ongoing process and this study aims to facilitate and enhance that process for students. The study combines basic therapeutic skills and interpersonal psychotherapy to form a training programme referred to as the Basic Relational Skills Training (BRST) programme. The first part of the study provides a historical perspective of basic therapeutic skills, followed by a review of the relevant literature. The second part of the study constitutes a possible format for a training manual for the proposed BRST programme. The researcher hopes that the proposed BRST programme be utilised by trainers to assess the programme's efficacy. / Psychology / M.A. (Clinical Psychology)

This study sought to investigate: •!• student nurses' perceived role of tutors, preceptors and professional nurses in fostering the development of interpersonal relationships of students nurses during training •!• student nurses' espousal of positive interpersonal relationships with colleagues, patients, friends and relatives of patients •!• Whether or not any significant differences existed between the first and fourth year students' perceptions and espousal of positive interpersonal relationships. First and fourth year student nurses in the Eastern Cape Province were studied. More first, than fourth, year respondents contended that tutors, preceptors and professional nurses facilitated the development of student nurses' interpersonal relationships with colleagues, patients, friends and relatives of patients. On the espousal of positive interpersonal relationships vis-a-vis patients, friends and relatives of patients and amongst themselves as colleagues, both groups of respondents provided similar response profiles. A posteriori "t" comparisons revealed no statistically significant differences in the response profiles between the first and fourth year respondents in their espousal of positive interpersonal relationships with colleagues, patients, friends and relatives of patients. The major inference drawn from this was that the four-year comprehensive course should place greater emphasis on the development of interpersonal relationships of student nurses in the Republic of South Africa. / Health Studies / D.Litt. et Phil. (Advanced Nursing Science)

The thesis contains two parts, to bind: The first part describes the phenomenon of homelessness and homeless people in the Czech Republic, with main reference to their ambiguous definition. Characterizes the dedicated assistance to the homeless and from social work to therapeutic help. Describes the basic form of therapeutic exposure and focus, emphasizes psychotherapeutic orientations, which are suitable for a group of homeless people, with an emphasis on cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). The first part of the research continues, describing the organization of the St. Paul's House (DsP), which took place in the first orientation research whose aim was to determine whether CBT is the most appropriate psychotherapeutic direction in psychotherapeutic work with the homeless in the DsP, and how psychotherapy is implemented in the DsP. After the landmark research was carried out research whose aim was to find feedback, experience and opinion shelter users in the implementation of the DsP and the course of psychotherapy.

No description available.

No description available.

L’autorisation judiciaire de soins (AJS) est utilisée dans le domaine de la santé mentale afin de permettre le traitement d’une personne alors que celle-ci est jugée inapte à consentir à ses soins et qu’elle les refuse de manière catégorique. L’utilisation de cette mesure d’exception est en augmentation à travers le monde (Rugkåsa et Burns, 2017), malgré ses résultats variables en termes retombées clinique, sociale et économique et ses impacts négatifs importants sur la vie de la personne qui en est visée (Kisely, Campbell et O'Reilly, 2017). La dimension coercitive inhérente à l’AJS complexifie le travail auprès de cette clientèle, alors que l’infirmière est appelée à promouvoir le rétablissement et l’autodétermination de la personne tout en devant lui imposer un traitement non désiré (Corring, O'Reilly, Sommerdyk et Russell, 2018). La relation thérapeutique étant reconnue comme étant la pierre angulaire des soins infirmiers de santé mentale en apportant de nombreux bénéfices pour la personne soignée, il est essentiel de comprendre l’influence de l’AJS sur celle-ci. À ce jour, peu d’études ont porté sur la relation thérapeutique dans le contexte des AJS, ne permettant pas une compréhension approfondie de ce sujet. Guidée par la théorie du Recovery Alliance Theory (Shanley et Jubb-Shanley, 2007), cette étude qualitative descriptive avait pour but de décrire la relation thérapeutique en contexte d’AJS selon la perspective d’infirmières et de personnes vivant avec un problème de santé mentale. Des analyses secondaires ont été réalisées à partir d’entrevues individuelles auprès d’infirmières (n=9) et de personnes étant ou ayant été sous AJS (n=6) provenant de trois instituts en santé mentale selon la méthode de Miles, Huberman et Saldaña (2020). La relation thérapeutique a été décrite comme fondamentalement ancrée dans une inégalité de pouvoir qui est amplifiée par l’AJS. Les résultats mettent en lumière les liens complexes existant entre la relation thérapeutique et l’AJS et font ressortir la divergence des perspectives des infirmières et des personnes quant à la possibilité de développer cette relation. Les personnes sous AJS ont rejeté l’idée de pouvoir développer une relation de confiance dans ce contexte, décrivant des interactions superficielles, utilitaires et unidirectionnelles avec les infirmières. La perspective des infirmières a montré que celles-ci croient en la possibilité de développer une relation thérapeutique, malgré les contraintes qui leur sont imposées par l’AJS. En effet, celles-ci engendrent un conflit au niveau des différents rôles que les infirmières doivent intégrer dans leur pratique, l’un étant guidé par leur responsabilité légale et l’autre par leur pratique professionnelle. À la lumière de ces résultats, les infirmières devraient être sensibilisées à la perspective des personnes sous AJS, tout en bénéficiant d’un soutien pour les accompagner dans la gestion de cette mesure amenant une complexité à leur travail et au développement de la relation thérapeutique. D’autres études sont nécessaires afin d’explorer des pistes de solution pour permettre à l’infirmière et à la personne de développer une relation thérapeutique en dehors des contraintes imposées par l’AJS. / Involuntary treatment orders (ITO) are used in the mental health field to allow for treatment of individuals living with a mental illness considered incapable of giving consent and who are actively refusing treatment. The use of this exceptional measure is increasing around the world, with a presence in 75 different jurisdictions (Rugkåsa et Burns, 2017), despite its conflicting results in terms of clinical, social and financial outcomes and its negative impacts on the patients (Kisely et al., 2017). The coercive dimension inherent to the ITO poses many challenges for the nursing practice, as nurses must promote recovery and self-determination while having to impose an unwanted treatment (Corring et al., 2018). Since the nurse-patient therapeutic relationship is the cornerstone of mental health nursing, allowing many benefits for the patient’s health and well-being, it is essential to better understand the influence the ITO has on this relationship. Few studies have been carried on the therapeutic relationship in the context of ITOs, which does not allow for a comprehensive understanding of the subject. Guided by the Recovery Alliance Theory (Shanley et Jubb-Shanley, 2007), this study aimed to describe the therapeutic relationship in the context of ITOs as reported by nurses and individuals living with a mental illness. Secondary data analysis of qualitative data was performed from individual interviews with nurses (n=9) and patients who are or have already been on an ITO (n=6). Data were collected from three mental health and forensic psychiatric institutes and were analyzed using a process of content analysis (Miles et al., 2020). The therapeutic relationship was described as fundamentally imbedded in a power imbalance amplified by the ITO. Results highlight the complex links between the therapeutic relationship and the ITO and the divergent perspectives of nurses and patients on the possibility to develop this relationship. Patients rejected the possibility of developing a trusting relationship in this context, describing interactions with nurses as superficial, utilitarian, and unidirectional. The nurses’ perspective showed that nurses do believe in the possibility to build a therapeutic relationship despite the challenges caused by the ITO. Indeed, the ITO generates conflict between the different roles of the nurses, one being guided by their legal responsibility and the other by their professional practice. In light of these results, nurses should be made aware of the perception of patients on ITOs, while benefiting from support to assist them in the management of this measure which brings many challenges to their practice and to the development of the therapeutic relationship. Further studies should explore possible solutions to allow the nurse and the patient to develop a therapeutic relationship outside the constraints of the ITO.