Dès ses premiers films, Icíar Bollaín a réussi à démontrer que critique sociale et succès cinématographique ne sont pas incompatibles. Elle y est parvenue principalement grâce à sa capacité à construire ses narrations autour de personnages, de situations et d’ambiances quotidiennes facilement reconnaissables par le public. De ce fait, sa filmographie ouvre un large terrain d’études dans le domaine de l’analyse cinématographique, et dans une perspective sociologique. Néanmoins, il existe un autre niveau d’analyse dans le cinéma d’Icíar Bollaín, auquel nous allons nous intéresser tout particulièrement dans ce travail. C’est ce niveau subtil, moins évident, mais sans aucun doute présent, faisant référence aux conflits et aux tensions tant culturelles, sociales qu’économiques, générées par certaines structures de pouvoir et de domination que la réalisatrice dénonce. Sans nous proposer un genre de cinéma à "thèse" ou strictement documentaire, Iciar Bollaín démonte les mécanismes de ces relations de domination, surtout entre hommes et femmes et nous livre une magnifique réflexion sur la quête identitaire, les identités genrées, le processus de libération et les solidarités tant personnelles que collectives. Pour la réalisatrice, seul le dépassement des stigmates sexuels pourrait mener à des relations solidaires entre les hommes et les femmes, leur permettant de se retrouver vraiment en tant qu’êtres humains. En approfondissant encore, nous pouvons détecter, de la part d’Icíar Bollaín, une critique de l’activité scopique du spectateur et du narcissisme du créateur artistique, rapprochés respectivement de la masculinité et de la féminité. La véritable rencontre entre les deux ne pourra se produire qu’à condition que le spectateur renonce à sa position d’observateur passif et se sente prêt à agir et que l’auteur-metteur en scène fasse le pari du partage plutôt que de l’exhibition de son travail. / Right from her first films, Icíar Bollaín succeeded in showing that social criticism and film success are not incompatible. This goal was reached thanks to her capacity, in most cases, to build her narrations around characters, situations and daily atmospheres which were easily recognizable by the general public. Due to this, her filmography opens a broad spectrum of studies in the field of film analysis, from a sociological perspective. However, there is another level of denunciation in Icíar Bollaín's films which we are going to particularly focus our work on. Another aspect we would like to focus on and which is explicitly revealed and denounced by Icíar Bollaín, concerns cultural, social and economic conflicts and tensions generated by specific structures of power and domination Icíar Bollaín does not indulge into moralizing or documentary films. She analyzes these specific relationships between men and women, explores gender relationships and her films provide food for thought on gender, women’s empowerment, personal and collective solidarities.For the film director, it is only by transcending these sexual stigmata that united relations between the men and the women could be created thus allowing them to meet on an equal footing as true human beings. Through a more in-depth analysis, we can discern from Icíar Bollaín, a criticism of the spectator's scopic activity and the narcissism of the artistic creator, brought respectively closer to masculinity and to femininity. The true meeting between the two will only be able to occur provided that the spectator abandons his position as a passive viewer and feels ready to act and the author/movie director focuses on sharing rather than exhibiting his work. / "Icíar Bollaín ha conseguido desde sus primeras películas demostrar que crítica social y éxito de público no son incompatibles. Tiene mucho que ver con esto su capacidad para construir sus relatos en torno a personajes, situaciones y ambientes cotidianos, fácilmente reconocibles por el público, y ahí sin duda hay un terreno amplio de estudio para el análisis cinematográfico en su vertiente sociológica. Pero existe otro nivel de denuncia en su cine en el cual nos concentraremos en este trabajo. Es este nivel sutil, menos evidente, pero sin duda presente, que hace referencia a los conflictos y a las tensiones tanto culturales, sociales como económicas generadas por ciertas estructuras de poder y dominación el que denuncia la directora. No nos propone un tipo de cine de “tesis” o estrictamente documental. Icíar Bollaín demuestra los mecanismos de esta relaciones de dominación sobre todo entre hombres y mujeres y nos entrega una magnifica reflexión sobre la búsqueda identitaria, las identidades de género, el proceso de liberación y la solidaridades tanto personales como colectivas. Apunta la directora a la superación de esas marcas sexuales como camino hacia relaciones solidarias entre hombre y mujer que les permitan encontrarse realmente como seres humanos. Escarbando aún más en este nivel significativo, puede detectarse una crítica a la actividad escópica del espectador y al narcisismo del creador artístico, equiparados respectivamente a la masculinidad y a la feminidad. El verdadero encuentro entre ambos ocurrirá cuando el espectador renuncie a su posición de observador pasivo y esté dispuesto a la acción y el autor-director apueste por compartir antes que por exhibirse.

This dissertation is about the tension and continuum between localism and nationalism in contemporary Thai Buddhist art and architecture. It deals with two contemporary Buddhist temples as works of art and architecture set into particular spatial relations. In this dissertation I compare two contemporary neo-traditionalist Buddhist temples, Wat Rong Khun and Wat Pa’O Ram Yen, situated near the city of Chiang Rai in northern Thailand. Neo-traditionalism has been identified as an important and relatively standard artistic style in Thailand since the 1970’s. However, the social anxiety experienced during the 1970’s social uprisings, then following the 1997 Asian financial debacle and more recently during and after the early 21st century yellow and red shirts rallies in Bangkok and Chiang Mai led to a profound reevaluation and reassessment of Thai national identity formation. Many Buddhist, social, ecological and political movements have since either obviously or subtly destabilized the perceived Thai national image. These movements often include, even promote, discourses on localism where Thai nationalism is experienced, questioned and adapted by and for the local community. Yet the art historical discourses on neo-traditionalism still follow a conventional national identity formation and visual propaganda. In this dissertation I analyze how two northern temples promote different national vocabularies, from a centralized and more accepted nationalism, to one where concepts based on localism, such as local knowledge, have the potential to destabilize and reevaluate, national identity, without negating it. Charlermchai Kostipipat is the mastermind behind Wat Rong Khun’s design and construction. Though this temple seems to differ from other temples in Thailand, I will show how the main emphasis of this neo-traditional monument is to promote and support a more conventional and institutionalized version of national identity. I will show how the visitor’s aesthetic experience emphasizes aspects of Buddhism also promoted by the centralized Thai national identity formation. Most importantly, there is a strong artistic emphasis on the Traiphum Phra Ruang, an important religious text in Thailand. Wat Pa’O is also the artistic project of another northern Thai artist, this time Somluk Pantiboon, a ceramicist established in the village of Pa’O. The temple of Pa’O is a neo-traditional work because of its use of traditional media, artistic details and monastic conventions. Yet I will show how this artistic architectural project has the potential to destabilize the more conventional understanding of ‘neo-traditionalism.’ For example it promotes different elements of the Thai discourses on localism, including an engaged form of Buddhism focusing on social interactions and an acknowledgement of one’s relation to others at the immediate local level. It also promotes a connectedness with nature, allowing the participant to experience and realize dependent origination by observing and experimenting with nature. This dissertation shows the complexity of Thai national identity negotiated in two case studies of northern Buddhist art and architecture in a post-1997 financial debacle and current political situation. I hope to have demonstrated that this complexity needs to be taken into account in the artistic discourses on Thai neo-traditionalism.

Submitted by Marlene Santos (marlene.bc.ufg@gmail.com) on 2016-08-17T18:51:21Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Ademar Duarte Fraga - 2005.pdf: 1478741 bytes, checksum: 084f4f6c7ee183bcdf3305a0b326f037 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-08-18T14:54:18Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Ademar Duarte Fraga - 2005.pdf: 1478741 bytes, checksum: 084f4f6c7ee183bcdf3305a0b326f037 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-18T14:54:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Ademar Duarte Fraga - 2005.pdf: 1478741 bytes, checksum: 084f4f6c7ee183bcdf3305a0b326f037 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-04-30 / This study aims to consider how insertion’s process of the historic site of the City of Goiás in the World Heritage reference framework, by United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and, perceived as a symbolic capital of socially shared mode, the historic heritage delimits an area in which its social agents take positions and redefines cultural life and the destiny of this city. The theme’s choice results of our exploratory inquiries about City of Goiás’ daily that indicated the reordering of urban, due this process, updates, in that heritage’s area, the symbolic structures of social and political order dating back to the colonial order. Are unconscious principles, anchored in the old ways of life, which legitimize unequal distribution of social capital inherent in the collective heritage and establish new expressions of power based on traditionalism. The analysis includes the conformation and demarcation of the heritage's area, as well as its relationship with the Ethos of traditionalism and, also, the empirical basis, through interviews and questionnaires applications, such as people's perceptions correlate material and symbolic deprivations with distribution's form of modalities of capital represented by the historic heritage and the very title of World Heritage. / O presente estudo tem por objetivo examinar como o processo de inserção do sítio histórico da Cidade de Goiás no quadro de referência de Patrimônio Mundial, pela Organização das Nações Unidas para Educação, Ciência e Cultura (Unesco) e, percebido comouma modalidade de capital simbólico socialmente compartilhado, o patrimônio histórico demarca um campo em que seus agentes sociais assumem posições e redefinem a vida cultural e os destinos desta cidade. A escolha do tema resulta de nossas indagações exploratórias acerca o cotidiano da Cidade de Goiás que indicaram que o reordenamento do urbano, em razão desse processo, atualiza, naquele campo do patrimônio, as estruturas simbólicas da ordem social e política que remontam à ordem colonial. São princípios inconscientes, ancorados nos modos de vida antigos, que legitimam uma distribuição desigual do capital social inerente ao patrimônio coletivo e estabelecem novas expressões de poder fundamentadas no tradicionalismo. A análise compreende a constituição e demarcação do campo do patrimônio, bem como sua relação com o Ethos do tradicionalismo e, ainda, na base empírica, por meio de entrevistas e aplicações de questionários, como as percepções das pessoas correlacionam privações materiais e simbólicas com as formas de distribuição das modalidades de capital representadas pelo patrimônio histórico e pelo próprio título de Patrimônio da Humanidade.

Le Coetus Internationalis Patrum (CIP) fut le groupe le plus important de la minorité au sein du concile Vatican II. Dans cette thèse, nous présentons brièvement, dans un chapitre préliminaire, tous les membres du groupe, puis, dans une première grande partie, son origine lointaine – ou sa préhistoire –, qui passe par une formation romaine antilibérale et contre-révolutionnaire et l’appartenance à des réseaux du catholicisme intransigeant aux ramifications internationales que nous identifions et présentons. Nous clôturons cette partie en exposant les dispositions des dirigeants du CIP à la veille de l’événement au moyen de leurs vota préconciliaires. Nous entamons ensuite l’étude du Coetus proprement dite, avec la création du groupe, son organisation et sa stratégie tout au long des sessions et intersessions du Concile. Ainsi la deuxième partie retrace la formation d’un « Groupe d’études » ou « piccolo comitato » pendant la première session ; la troisième partie porte sur la naissance officieuse du CIP et les combats de la première intersession et de la deuxième session ; la quatrième partie montre la création officielle du groupe et les bagarres de la deuxième intersession et de la troisième session ; et enfin, la cinquième et dernière partie, expose les ultimes batailles du Coetus, c’est-à-dire les combats de la troisième intersession et de la quatrième session. Pour chacune de ces périodes conciliaires, nous suivons l’ordre chronologique du Concile en présentant l’opinion, les prises de positions et les combats des membres et sympathisants du CIP pour chacun des schémas étudiés par l’assemblée, et en dressant un bilan de l’action et de l’impact du groupe sur chacun des textes. Nous concluons cette étude en évaluant l’organisation, l’activité et la stratégie du groupe, son impact sur les textes conciliaires, l’appréciation et la réception du Concile par les membres les plus importants, en situant l’histoire du Coetus Internationalis Patrum dans l’histoire générale du catholicisme intransigeant, et enfin en présentant les limites de notre travail tout en ouvrant sur des possibilités de recherches futures. / The Coetus Internationalis Patrum (CIP) constituted the most important group of council minority representatives during the Second Vatican Council. In a preliminary chapter, this dissertation sets out with a brief presentation of all the group’s members. Consequently, a first and vast section of our thesis is devoted to a sketch of the more remote origins – i.e. its prehistory – of the CIP. These origins lie both in the counter-revolutionary and anti-liberal Roman education of its members, and in their belonging to catholic intransigent networks on an international level – which we aim to identify and present in detail. This section ends with a study of the positions taken by the main CIP-protagonists on the eve of Vatican II, through an analysis of their preconciliar vota. A following section is devoted to the CIP as such. We will study its establishment, its organization and strategies throughout the subsequent conciliar periods and intersessions. A second part retraces the early formation of a « Study Group » or a « piccolo comitato » during the first council period ; a third part focuses upon the ‘officious’ birth of the CIP and the battles it waged during the first intersession and the second council period ; the fourth part then illustrates the group’s official establishment and its engagement in the council debates of the second intersession and the third period ; finally, the fifth and sixth parts offer a survey of the final battles fought by the Coetus, during the third intersession and the council’s closing period. Our overall study of the CIP-activities during the council combines a chronological study of the events with ample attention to the presentation of the opinions, the positions taken and the battles fought by its members and sympathizers regarding the conciliar drafts (schema’s) discussed by the assembly. It aims at highlighting the impact of the CIP on the evolution of the council documents.Our study closes with an evaluation of the organization, the activities and the strategies of the group, its impact on the council texts, and of the appreciation and reception of the Council by its core members, thus imbedding the story of the Coetus Internationalis Patrum within the larger history of intransigent Catholicism. Finally, we present the limits of our work and outline paths for future research.

Abstract C-level in Political Science by Christoffer Odén, vt-08 “Traditionalism versus Modernism. The Ideology Debate in Left-Socialist Party Today” Instructor: Mats Lindberg The purpose with this essay is to describe the ideology debate in Left-Socialist Party between traditionalists and modernists. This essay have the following questions: 1 ) What are the differences between traditional and modern politics in the Left-Socialist Party? 2 ) What is similar between traditional and modern politics in the Left-Socialist Party? My method is to analyse the Left-Socialist Party programme from 2004 and analyse a programme from the modernist organisation Vagval Vanster. Then I shall compare the political views between those programmes. My results show that there are many differences but also similarity. For example the traditionalism wants to keep their political views and wait on the citizens to realise that a better world is possible. The modernists seek to renew their political views beacause they believe that no party has a self-value. The big similarity between the two groups are that they think the present society is unjust and not democratic enough. I think this essay has been very stimulating and I was suprised of some of the differences between the two groups.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-01-25T10:24:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 giovanibernardocosta.pdf: 1765423 bytes, checksum: 57e0d021d0a6836e297fe07431eef402 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-01-25T18:57:47Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 giovanibernardocosta.pdf: 1765423 bytes, checksum: 57e0d021d0a6836e297fe07431eef402 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-25T18:57:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 giovanibernardocosta.pdf: 1765423 bytes, checksum: 57e0d021d0a6836e297fe07431eef402 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-28 / Apesar do crescente número de grupos religiosos tidos como tradicionalistas, ainda são poucos os estudos que abordam a vertente do tradicionalismo católico. Diante disso, entende-se que a abordagem, acerca dos Arautos do Evangelho, pode acrescentar informações, auxiliando na compreensão da lógica e da dinâmica desses grupos. Na presente dissertação procurou-se investigar as formas e meios utilizados pelos Arautos do Evangelho como movimento tradicionalista no campo religioso. Utilizou-se de recurso referencial para obtenção das informações nativas, a Revista Arautos do Evangelho, bem como sítios eletrônicos, blogs, redes sociais e, sobretudo, a página oficial dos religiosos em questão. Na análise foi utilizada literatura diversa, com ênfase em estudos sobre novos movimentos católicos de vertente tradicionalista. Por fim, inferiu-se que os Arautos do Evangelho oferecem, sobretudo aos jovens, uma sistema de sentido, plausível e bem estruturado, suficiente para apresentarem-se como mais uma opção de modelo de vida na modernidade. / Despite the growing number of religious groups seen as traditionalists, there are few studies on the part of the catholic traditionalism. Therefore, it is understood that the approach , about the Heralds of the Gospel, can add information, helping to understand the logic and dynamics of these groups. In this dissertation attempts to investigate the ways and means used by the Heralds of the Gospel as traditionalist movement in the religious field. It was used as a reference resource for obtaining the native information, the Journal Heralds of the Gospel, and electronic sites, blogs, social networks and, above all, the official site of the religious concerned. In other literature analysis was used, with emphasis on studies of new traditionalist Catholic movements of the present. Finally, it was inferred that the Heralds of the Gospel offer, especially to young people, a sense system, plausible and well structured, enough to present themselves as more a life model option in modernity.

This study is geared at an open systmes critique of the macro theories of development. It is highlighted in this study that we are living through the realities of the open systems, and yet much of development thought is based on closed systems philosophies, principle and ideologies. The first chapter gives an orientation into the origins of both the closed systems and open systems paradigms respectively. Included in this orientation chapter, is the literature review of the various research contributions of the major trends in development thought. The second chapter expands on the evolution of the closed systems paradigm and its influences on development thought. This chapter further explains the attendant philosophies, principles and ideologies that underlie the closed systems paradigm. The third chapter captures the open systems paradigm and its influences on contemporary development discourse. Further to the discussion on the closed systems paradigm, the chapter elaborates on the philosophies, principles and processes that underlie this paradigm. The fourth chapter is on a discussion of trends in development thinking, traced from the traditional, through the medieval to the modern, right up to the contemporary. This entails tracing the theory to its ontological background right up to its implications for social reality in contemporary development thought and experience. The fifth chapter is on the open systems critique of the trends in development thinking, while the sixth chapter revisits the open systems paradigm and its implications for development thought. In the seventh chapter is the recapitulation of the findings in the study and recommendations for both development thought and practice. / Development Studies / D.Litt. et Phil. (Development Administration)

The aim of this research is to investigate cultural conflicts in Northern Sotho dramas. At the beginning of the work, reasons for the choice of the topic are given, and thereafter, the methodology to be adopted in analysing the plays is outlined. Various factors considered to be contributory to the acculturation of traditional Africans are discussed. Throughout this study, traditionalists oppose westernised Africans because of strange norms and practices they have adopted. The two parties disagree on issues like arranged marriage, remarriage and leadership. Christianity features prominently as the basic cause of conflict. Modernists oppose traditional practices on the ground that they are not in conformity with Christian principles. The plays are compared to determine how each playwright has attempted to resolve conflicts in his respective play. The study ends with a comment on findings where traditionalism, being a common enemy in the three plays, is overridden by modernity. / African Languages / M.A. (African Languages)

This study is geared at an open systems critique of the macro theories of development. It is highlighted in this study that we are living through the realities of the open systems, and yet much of development thought is based on closed systems philosophies, principle and ideologies. The first chapter gives an orientation into the origins of both the closed systems and open systems paradigms respectively. Included in this orientation chapter, is the literature review of the various research contributions of the major trends in development thought. The second chapter expands on the evolution of the closed systems paradigm and its influences on development thought. This chapter further explains the attendant philosophies, principles and ideologies that underlie the closed systems paradigm. The third chapter captures the open systems paradigm and its influences on contemporary development discourse. Further to the discussion on the closed systems paradigm, the chapter elaborates on the philosophies, principles and processes that underlie this paradigm. The fourth chapter is on a discussion of trends in development thinking, traced from the traditional, through the medieval to the modern, right up to the contemporary. This entails tracing the theory to its ontological background right up to its implications for social reality in contemporary development thought and experience. The fifth chapter is on the open systems critique of the trends in development thinking, while the sixth chapter revisits the open systems paradigm and its implications for development thought. In the seventh chapter is the recapitulation of the findings in the study and recommendations for both development thought and practice. / Public Administration and Management / D. Litt. et Phil. (Development Administration)

Engagée en Afghanistan depuis plus de dix ans, l'intervention internationale a fondé son argumentaire sur la reconstruction d'institutions à modèle démocratique, selon des concepts généralisés en Occident depuis le 18ème siècle et parmi eux le principe d'égalité. Ce modèle avait présidé aux évolutions socio-politiques voulues par les Emirs tout au long du 20ème siècle, mais abouti au chaos dans trois décennies d'un conflit en cours depuis les années 1970 avec des adversaires toujours renouvelés. Tribalisme et modernité - en tant qu'idéologie, dans leurs manifestations en Afghanistan, mettent en oeuvre la prévalence d'un mode social d'opposition, dont la domination sur une société provoque la parcellisation ou la destruction et répond aux revendications d'égalité par l'honneur des groupes. Leur conséquence est le traditionalisme prégnant dans les communautés, contraintes par le sentiment d'insécurité à l'uniformisation dans l'égale insignifiance de l'individu. Cependant, l'hospitalité et la recherche de réparation sont des normes sociales visant au dépassement du sentiment d'insécurité ; elles sont la réponse afghane à la recherche d'égale dignité au bénéfice de tous. Pour peu que les conditions de sécurité en permettent la primauté comme mode social dominant, l'honneur d'être humain est le composant fondamental d'une société ouverte et évolutive. L'emphase sécuritaire et dogmatique des programmes internationaux tend néanmoins à conforter les réflexes tribalo-traditionalistes, dans un engrenage de violence qui recherche un équilibre des groupes plutôt que l'expression d'initiatives créatives et originales - comme la mise en place de systèmes de solidarité universels qui libèreraient les individus de leurs allégeances aux groupes. Seuls de tels maximins pourraient dépasser les blocages inégalitaires inscrits dans la position géo-stratégique du pays sur une faille du système-monde. / The international intervention in Afghanistan started more than ten years ago. It built on new institutions according to the democratic model, complete with concepts generalized in the Western world since the 18th century, and among them the principle of equality. This model had founded the Amirs’ wished socio-political changes all along the 20th century, but ended in an on-going 30-year chaos with ever-renewed adversaries since the 1970’s. As operated in Afghanistan, tribalism and modernity – meant as an ideology, result in opposition prevaling as a social behaviour, which produces fragmentation or destruction and deals with equality demands through group honor. Consequently, traditionalism prevails in communities constrained by a feeling of insecurity and results in an equalizing insignificance of individuals. However, hospitality and reparation are social precepts meant to overtake the feeling of insecurity; they are the Afghan way for a social praxis enhancing equal dignity as a benefit for all. For as much as security permits its social prevalence, the honor of being human is the basic component for an open and evolutive society. An emphasis on security, as well as dogmatism in international programs are however comforting tribal-traditionalist behaviours, gearing up in violence that can only be checked by group balance rather than enabling original and creative ideas – such as starting a universal social protection system that would free individuals from their group allegiances. Implementing such a maximin only could overcome the inequality walls that are built on the country’s geo-strategic location, a fault in the world-system.