Submitted by Regina Correa (rehecorrea@gmail.com) on 2016-09-26T13:43:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissSHPBB.pdf: 1068403 bytes, checksum: a4dc62c6e8919b00f184a9839a1648a0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-27T19:24:52Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissSHPBB.pdf: 1068403 bytes, checksum: a4dc62c6e8919b00f184a9839a1648a0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-27T19:24:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissSHPBB.pdf: 1068403 bytes, checksum: a4dc62c6e8919b00f184a9839a1648a0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-27T19:25:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissSHPBB.pdf: 1068403 bytes, checksum: a4dc62c6e8919b00f184a9839a1648a0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-26 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / The purpose of this research consists in understanding how the reflective teacher theory has guided or/and been basis to continuing education practices in a Regional Education Centre of the São Paulo state. This is a qualitative field research with critical-dialectical approach. The total number of participants in the research was twelve teachers' trainers, including the three pedagogical coordinating teachers of mathematics and the three of Portuguese and at least one elementary school teacher coordinator of each urban state school in the city. The study used as instruments to collect data the semi-structured interview, observation, documentary research, and literature review. The information was analysed using content analysis and data triangulation. The results indicated that the theory of reflective teacher is relevant in legal and guiding documents. However, these documents show just the concepts and elements of this theory that are relevant to the government's interests. Furthermore, the reflective teacher theory in the practice of continuing education is different from both the theory by itself and the theory observed in the legal and guiding documents. In the continuing education practice, the focus in practice happens, but the reflection about the practice does not. Teachers' trainers assume the possibility of reflection by the teachers, using a technical rationality that has not been overcome yet and permeates the actions of continuing education. Moreover, technical rationality encounters the needs of government agencies since it focuses on techniques and tools that lead students to answer the external evaluations satisfactorily. It is concluded that when theories are framed by market reasons, they suffer considerable losses and are used in disconnected and fragmented manners. The theory of reflective teacher, which in its formulation it is not a critical theory and emancipatory, becomes even more distorted and loses its characteristic of reflexivity practice under governmental interests, resulting in an even more uncritical education that does not promote autonomy and empowerment. Thus, it is considered that the critical rationality model would be a possibility for teachers' continuing education because of the relationship between theory and practice, historical contextualization, promotion of emancipation, and critical view. / O objetivo desta pesquisa consiste em compreender de que maneira a teoria do professor reflexivo tem guiado e/ou fundamentado as práticas de formação continuada de professores em uma Diretoria Estadual de Ensino do Estado de São Paulo. Trata-se de pesquisa de campo, qualitativa e com enfoque crítico dialético. Participaram da pesquisa 12 formadores de professores, sendo três Professores Coordenadores de Núcleo Pedagógico de matemática, três de português e seis Professores Coordenadores de ensino fundamental. Os instrumentos para a coleta de dados foram a entrevista semiestruturada, a observação, o levantamento documental e bibliográfico. Os dados foram analisados a partir da análise de conteúdo e da triangulação de dados. Os resultados indicam que a teoria do professor reflexivo tem influência nos documentos legais e orientadores. Entretanto, estes documentos evidenciam apenas os conceitos e elementos desta teoria que são relevantes para os interesses governamentais. Já a teoria do professor reflexivo na prática da formação difere tanto da teoria em si quanto da teoria encontrada nos documentos orientadores e legais. Na prática da formação continuada, observa-se que o foco na prática tem acontecido, entretanto, a reflexão sobre ela inexiste. Os formadores de professores assumem a possibilidade de refletir sob a ótica da racionalidade técnica, que ainda não foi superada e perpassa as ações em formação continuada. Esta racionalidade técnica vai ao encontro da necessidade dos órgãos governamentais, por se centrar em técnicas e instrumentos que levam os alunos a responderem de forma satisfatória as avaliações externas. Conclui-se que as teorias pedagógicas enquadradas em questões de mercado sofrem perdas consideráveis no que pretendem e são usadas de forma desconectada e fragmentada. A teoria do Professor Reflexivo, que em sua formulação, já não consiste em uma teoria crítica e emancipatória, torna-se ainda mais distorcida e perde sua característica de reflexividade prática sob os interesses governamentais, implicando em uma educação ainda mais acrítica e que não promove a autonomia e a emancipação por meio da educação. Sendo assim, considera-se que o modelo de racionalidade crítica seria uma possibilidade para a formação continuada de professores, pela relação entre teoria e prática, contextualização histórica, promoção da emancipação e da visão crítica.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / Cirurgias minimamente invasivas requerem aprendizagem e treinamento de habilidades nÃo convencionais de cirurgiÃes (por exemplo, coordenaÃÃo mÃo-olho, destreza manual e precisÃo). Os processos de ensino e aprendizagem envolvem, em geral, o uso de caixas-pretas simuladoras para o treinamento dessas habilidades que podem ser praticadas com atividades de navegaÃÃo com as pinÃas laparoscÃpicas e de coordenaÃÃo de movimentos simples. Neste trabalho, propÃe-se estender caixas-pretas de treinamento laparoscÃpico com Realidade Aumentada (RA) e tÃcnicas de gamificaÃÃo. O ambiente proposto apresenta uma cÃmera adicional e utiliza algoritmos de rastreamento de objetos a fim de controlar os movimentos dos objetos manipulados. O ambiente proposto à uma caixa laparoscÃpica simuladora capaz de observar o desempenho do aprendiz durante a atividade de formaÃÃo (por exemplo, tempo para terminar a atividade, erros). O framework LARG à a parte de software principal do simulador. Ele foi desenvolvido para implementar as atividades e integrar as bibliotecas OpenCV e Ogre3D. O framework possui mecanismos que possibilitam renderizar imagens 3D nas atividades, rastrear objetos, detectar padrÃes e inserir componentes gamificados. Foram projetadas e desenvolvidas duas atividades para o treinamento de habilidades de navegaÃÃo. Uma avaliaÃÃo de usabilidade do simulador foi realizada com um grupo de dezoito mÃdicos que executou as duas atividades. Os resultados indicam uma boa aceitaÃÃo de usabilidade do ambiente proposto. Observou-se tambÃm uma diferenÃa significativa no desempenho entre os cirurgiÃes e os alunos do primeiro ano de residÃncia, um indicativo positivo para a utilizaÃÃo do simulador no processo de ensino e aprendizagem de habilidades em MIS. / Minimally Invasive Surgeries (MIS) require learning and training unconventional skills of surgeons (e.g., hand-eye coordination, manual dexterity). The teaching and learning processes usually involve the use of simulating box-trainers, which allow the training of such skills with navigation activities and simple coordination. In this paper, we propose to extend laparoscopic box-trainers with Augmented Reality (AR) and gamification techniques. The proposal uses an additional camera and object tracking to monitor the movement of handled objects. Our boxtrainer simulator is able to assess the performance of students during the training activity (e.g., time to complete the activity, errors). The main part of the simulator is the LARG framework, which is developed and used to implement the gamified activities. The framework integrates the OpenCV and Ogre3D libraries. It offers mechanisms that enable rendering of 3D images in activities, tracking of objects, detecting patterns and inserting gamified components. We designed and developed two activities for the training of navigation skills. A usability evaluation of the proposal was implemented with a group of eighteen members who performed two activities. Results indicate a good usability acceptance of the box-trainer. We also observed a significant difference in performance between surgeons and students of the first year of residency, thus indicating the simulator can be successfully used in learning MIS skills.

Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-10-16T11:54:40Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Denise Cristina Bueno - 2017.pdf: 18912311 bytes, checksum: 414e72128f870c0ff47c70f148e4d2bd (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-10-16T11:57:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Denise Cristina Bueno - 2017.pdf: 18912311 bytes, checksum: 414e72128f870c0ff47c70f148e4d2bd (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-16T11:57:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Denise Cristina Bueno - 2017.pdf: 18912311 bytes, checksum: 414e72128f870c0ff47c70f148e4d2bd (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-22 / This study is associated with the research line "State, Policies and History of Education" of the Postgraduate Program in Education of the Federal University of Goiás, whose objective is to identify and analyze a conception of trainers about the NTE Goiás, with the next problem: "What is the training project of the multiplier teacher in the perspective of the teachers who train the NTE multipliers for the insertion of technologies in education in Goiás?" Its object is the training project of multiplier teachers from the perspective of the trainers. For this study, the dialectical method is adopted, since it is considered a synthesis of multiple determinations, it is not homogeneous, but a field of conflicts, expressing the different interests of classes. In this sense, this research does not seek to identify the opposition between the proclaimed and the realized, between the policies and the formative practices of the teacher trainer in forming the teacher multiplier, but takes all these elements as constituents of a unit as a hegemonic process oriented by the concrete conditions. As a reference, Marx (1974, 1979, 1985, 2010, 2013), Marcuse (1973), Marx and Engels (2010), Saviani (2007) (UFG, UFRPE, PUC-RIO, PUC-SP) from different regions of the country, using as standardized questionnaires and semi-structured interviews aimed at apprehending a conception of trainers about the formative processes for an insertion of technologies in Goiás (Proinfo), proposed by policies of insertion of technologies in education to constitute the formative process of the multiplier, offered by the specialist trainer, to incorporate a technological rationality marked either by instrumentalization or by determinism, or both, always aligned with neoliberal ideals. Therefore, from the analysis of the data, we understand an inclination, from the development of the trainer's work, to a technological rationality, through actions aimed at individualizing and technifying the pedagogical process of the formative work. Finally, the corpus was submitted to the analysis based on the categories: rationalization and technological rationality. This analysis provided for the organization of data into two thematic blocks: the role of technology in education and a conception of teacher education. It can be affirmed that technological rationality obstructs the mediation of the formative processes, considering as structural conditions constituent of the relations between the subjects. / Este estudo vincula-se à Linha de Pesquisa “Estado, Políticas e História da Educação” do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Universidade Federal de Goiás cujo objetivo é identificar e analisar a concepção dos formadores sobre o projeto formativo dos multiplicadores dos NTE de Goiás, tendo a seguinte questão-problema: “como é o projeto formativo do professor multiplicador na perspectiva dos professores formadores dos multiplicadores dos NTE para a inserção das tecnologias na educação em Goiás?”. O seu objeto é o projeto formativo dos professores multiplicadores na perspectiva dos formadores. Para este estudo adota-se o método dialético, por considerar-se que o conhecimento é sempre uma síntese de múltiplas determinações, não é homogêneo, mas um campo de conflitos, expressando os distintos interesses de classes. Neste sentido, esta investigação não visa identificar a oposição entre o proclamado e o realizado, entre as políticas e as práticas formativas do professor formador ao formar o professor multiplicador, mas toma todos estes elementos como constituintes de uma unidade como um processo hegemônico orientado pelas condições concretas. Como referenciais adota-se basicamente Marx (1974, 1979, 1985, 2010, 2013), Marcuse (1973), Marx e Engels (2010), Saviani (2007). Quanto à metodologia, o estudo envolveu professores formadores das instituições de ensino superior (UFG, UFRPE, PUC-RIO, PUC-SP) de várias regiões do país, tendo como instrumentos questionários padronizados e entrevistas semiestruturadas, direcionados a apreender a concepção dos formadores sobre os processos formativos para a inserção das tecnologias em Goiás. O estudo evidencia que os processos formativos que se originam do Programa Nacional de Informática (Proinfo), proposto pelas políticas de inserção de tecnologias na educação para constituir o processo formativo do multiplicador, ofertado pelo formador especialista, incorpora uma racionalidade tecnológica marcada ora pela instrumentalização, ora pelo determinismo, ora por ambos, sempre alinhados aos ideais neoliberais. Por isso, da análise dos dados apreende uma inclinação, do desenvolvimento do trabalho do formador, para uma racionalidade tecnológica, por meio de ações voltadas para individualizar e tecnificar o processo pedagógico do trabalho formativo. Por fim, o corpus foi submetido à análise com base nas categorias: racionalização e racionalidade tecnológica. Tal análise proporcionou a organização dos dados em dois blocos temáticos: o papel da tecnologia na educação e a concepção de formação docente. Pode-se afirmar que a racionalidade tecnológica, obstaculiza a mediação dos processos formativos, tendo em vista as condições estruturais constituintes das relações entre os sujeitos.

The diploma thesis researches a business plan of a multi-purpose gym. On the market there is an unsatisfied demand for an effective and affordable fitness training under supervision of experienced trainers. The business plan of a multi-purpose gym should partialy satisfy this demand. The business plan is also expected to be attractive from a investment standpoint.

Utilizing an analogue research design conducted via the Internet, this study assessed athletic trainers' abilities to recognize, diagnose, and intervene with a hypothetical athlete experiencing depression, and examined the impact of their gender, athlete gender, and athlete's presenting problem on their decisions. Athletic trainers' perceived competency in using psychosocial interventions with athletes, history of referring athletes to psychology professionals, and training backgrounds in psychology also were examined. Participants (270 male and 370 female certified athletic trainers) were randomly assigned to one of six conditions (Athlete Gender X Presenting Problem). After reading the appropriate vignette, they completed questions related to the athlete's psychological symptoms and diagnosis, referral recommendations, and use of psychosocial interventions if working with the athlete. The vignettes were identical except for the athlete's gender and problem. Overall, athletic trainers accurately identified the athlete's depressive symptoms/diagnosis and need for psychological referral. They rated the athlete significantly higher in Depressive Symptoms than in Anger/Agitation Symptoms and Compulsive Behavioral Symptoms, and as more likely to be experiencing a depressive disorder compared to an adjustment disorder, anxiety disorder, sleep disorder, or substance abuse disorder. Female athletic trainers provided significantly higher ratings of Depressive Symptoms than males and the injured athlete was rated significantly higher in Anger/Agitation than the performance problem athlete. Diagnosis ratings were not influenced by athlete gender, athletic trainer gender, or type of problem. Athletic trainers were most likely to refer the athlete to a psychology professional compared to an allied health professional, treating the athlete themselves, or doing nothing. Presenting problem significantly impacted referral recommendations. If treating the athlete themselves, athletic trainers were significantly more likely to use supportive interventions than cognitive-behavioral techniques; they felt significantly more competent in providing supportive interventions. Competency in both interventions was significantly enhanced if athletic trainers completed psychology coursework. Findings suggest that athletic trainers are able to accurately identify and intervene with athletes experiencing psychological problems.

The purpose of this research was to do applied study to investigate TVET teacher education in Sudan in a bid to rebuild and raise the capacity of the teachers and trainers who are working in the technical schools and vocational training centers in Khartoum state, and to generalize the overall results throughout the Sudan. Specifically, many research questions were addressed to target the main purpose of the study: To what extent the practical components of curriculum are applied in and outside TVET institutions? To what extent the in-service training’s programs meet the professional development of teachers and trainers? Is the private sector contributes to the training programs? Which approaches could be implemented to improve the teacher training? To what extent the integration of ICTs in learning and teaching process improves competence of TVET teachers? Is there re-training program for old teachers? Is there need to train teacher in private sector workshop? Moreover: the following concepts are relevant to raising the capacity building of teachers are studied: teacher professional development, capacity building, integration of suitable level of information and communication technology (ICT) to teacher education and the connectivity of training process to world of work. In order to collect convenient information, the study used the questionnaire and interview as instruments to achieve the objectives of the research. The main population of the study is teachers, trainers, administrators and employers. With respect to data analysis, the study used the SPSS program and the Chi-square to test some hypotheses. The results of the study showed that essential innovations and reforms on the initial and in-service training programs should be done especially, respect to practical components of the initial and in-service training to reach the professional development for teachers. Since most of interviewees confirmed old curricula of the initial education of teacher and there was no retraining program for the teacher on the job: the linkage of the training to world of work is needed to keep the teacher up-to date. Integration of ICT into learning/teaching process is very important factor because it’s one of the modernization requirements; hence if we do not do this now it should be urgent necessity at the near future. Major result of the study the proposed training approach for TVET teachers in Sudan, whereas implementation of this approach depends on three levels: macro- level the political commitment by undertaking clear national policy and conceptual framework for technical and vocational education and improving the image of teachers, their work conditions and media involvement. Meso-level:(public and private sector): since a moral contribution towards training of TVET teachers should be realized, by providing real opportunity to make a success to this new training approach by means of offering technical support, technical consultation, advanced knowledge, specialized seminars and contributing of all training policies especially the financial cost. Micro-level (TVET institutions): there is vital role of administrators to play to attract best candidates not only students of low grades to TVET domain. For example, integrate simple level technology into curricula. Improve initial and in-service training programs based on training needs assessment. Create good internship, and improving the work environment and incentives for teachers.

This study aims to investigate how professional fitness trainers use four different social platforms; Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and YouTube professionally and what type of content they create. It also explores the specific aspects of each social platform in terms of features or general perception that affect how professional fitness trainers experience them and use them in their professional practice. The qualitative study revealed that professional fitness trainers use all social platforms professionally; to build and sustain their social media community, to educate themselves with fitness knowledge, to make social connections and to advertise themselves as expert fitness trainers. The qualitative study also revealed the unique features of each social platform and how professional fitness trainers engage with same activities differently from one platform to another. The findings support the use of social platforms for fitness purpose professionally and can also inform the design of technology that uses social media to help people stay fit and share fitness information.

This applied dissertation was designed to provide up-to-date information for the athletic trainers and administrative staff in National Collegiate Athletic Association Division II athletic programs. The National Athletic Trainers’ Association (NATA) has created recommendations and guidelines for appropriate medical coverage of intercollegiate athletics. The challenge for these athletic programs is to create a sports medicine model that will meet these recommendations and guidelines. The researcher developed an interdisciplinary sports medicine team model that would provide the appropriate medical coverage and health care for student athletes at a National Collegiate Athletic Association Division II athletic program. Use of an interdisciplinary sports medicine team model provides athletic training departments with information in eight areas: (a) athletes’ readiness to participate; (b) risk management and prevention; (c) recognition, evaluation, and immediate treatment of athletic injuries and illnesses; (d) rehabilitation and reconditioning of athletic injuries; (e) psychosocial intervention and referral; (f) nutritional aspects of injuries and illnesses; (g) health care administration; and (h) professional development to maintain knowledge and skills. The researcher sent out an online survey to each of the head athletic trainers of the Division II Sunshine State Conference. The survey was based on the recommendations and guidelines identified in the NATA Appropriate Medical Coverage Official Statement. The online survey was followed by a one-on-one interview of each head athletic trainer. This information was used to determine what health care models are presently in place at the Sunshine State Conference athletic departments. As a result of this research, a model for the planning and development of an interdisciplinary sports medicine team within a National Collegiate Athletic Association Division II college or university campus, based on identified best practices was completed.

This paper attempts to evaluate Training for Trainers (T4T) as an aid for developing healthy and sustained church planting movements (CPMs). The thesis is that Training for Trainers (T4T) can enable and sustain (by the Spirit’s power) healthy church planting movements because a discipleship process is built into the methodology that develops believers in their personal and communal growth and equips them to repeat the process with other individuals they reach. The very format of the T4T process provides a context for developing disciples inwardly and training disciples to minister outwardly. The T4T process continues over the course of months and years to systematically move believers through the essential stages of sustained church planting movements: Bridges in conversations with the lost from non-spiritual topics to the gospel in order to find those God is preparing (knowing whom to talk to and how to start) • Reproducible evangelism methods that are effective in the local context and can be learned by any new believer • Reproducible discipleship that addresses both short-term and long-term spiritual growth in a manner appropriate to the local worldview and able to be passed on by a new believer • Reproducible church models appropriate to the local context and able to be led and passed on by new believers • Leadership development and multiplication patterns that develop leaders rapidly in the context of ministry and enable the number of leaders to keep pace with the number of new churches. T4T moves each new generation of disciples (trainers) and churches through this process because it casts vision for and gives loving accountability for disciples to truly become trainers of others. It does this primarily through a three-thirds training process. T4T is training for trainers who will train trainers who will train trainers. T4T attempts to initiate movements of God in which at least four generations of new disciples and churches emerge. This paper evaluates T4T is based on case studies, survey instruments and biblical principles and then offers recommendations for CPM practitioners. / Christian Spirituality, Church History & Missiology / D. Th.(Missiology)

Den här studien behandlar personliga tränares arbete med inre och yttre motivation. Syftet är att undersöka hur personliga tränare arbetar med dessa motivationsinriktningar samt hur motivation kan gestalta sig hos deras klienter - för att i slutändan kunna presentera den inriktningen som är mest gynnsam för klientens långsiktiga upprätthållning av ett beteende. för att undersöka frågeställningar användes semi-strukturerade intervjuer. Inre motivatorer som identifierades var vilja, ambition och intresse. Yttre motivatorer som identifierades var förväntningar och press från omgivningen, tränarpress och tidspress. Samtliga tränare hade en utbredd erfarenhet av båda inriktningarna. Inre motivation var dock den inriktning som helhetligt präglade samtligas arbete. Det var även den inriktning som visade sig vara mest gynnsam för klientens långsiktiga upprätthållning av ett beteende. / This study examines personal trainers work towards intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. The aim is to recognize personal trainers work towards these motivational characters aswell as recognizing these motivational characters ways of expressing themselves in their clients - so that in the extension the character who fits most appropriate to provide a long-term solution for the maintenance of a behavior can be recognized. To examine the issues semi-structured interviews was applied. Intrinsic motivation was identified as will, ambition and interest. Extrinsic motivation was identified as expectations and pressure from the environment, pressure from the trainer and deadline-pressure. All trainers showed an expansive experience from both motivational characters. Intrinsic motivation was however the character who generally characterized the work of all trainers. Intrinsic motivation was also the character of motivation deemed most appropriate for providing a long-term solution for the maintenence of a behaviour.