Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2015-09-02T21:43:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 474473 - Texto Parcial.pdf: 302673 bytes, checksum: 9ceddc2f45fb0380acddb0ec584f59e6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-02T21:43:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 474473 - Texto Parcial.pdf: 302673 bytes, checksum: 9ceddc2f45fb0380acddb0ec584f59e6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-07-31 / Introduction : Sepsis is a systemic condition of intense inflammation, caused by an infectious agent that serves as the "trigger" of the entire process. Finding tools that allow the healthcare professional to anticipate or accompany an adverse outcome is important in the setting of the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU). Because of this, several sepsis markers have been studied. The objective of this study is to evaluate the progress and performance of pediatric sepsis markers and their relation with severity. Methods : A prospective cohort study of patients admitted to the PICU of a university hospital from March to December 2014. We included all patients with suspected sepsis who had between 28 days and 18 years, and were requiring mechanical ventilation for more than 48 hours and cardiovascular support by vasoactive drugs. We collected serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), ferritin, leukocyte count, triglycerides (TGC), total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol (LDL), growth hormone (GH) and Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) on the first day (D0), 24 hours (D1) and 72 hours (D3) after recruitment. The Pediatric Index of Mortality 2 (PIM2) was obtained on the first day of admission in the PICU. Patients underwent transthoracic echocardiography to determine the ejection fraction (EF) and shortening fraction (FENC) of the left ventricle on D1 and D3. The outcome measures were length of hospitalization, PICU stay; duration of mechanical ventilation (MV) and ventilator-free hours; duration of use of inotropic and maximum score of inotropic agents; PIM2 and mortality. A value of p < 0.05 was considered significant. Results : During the study period there were 337 hospitalizations. A total of 20 patients completed the study protocol. In terms of demographic, clinical and laboratory characteristics in recruitment, we noted that only ferritin was higher (mean and standard deviation, 454.4 ? 309.7 versus 91.9 ? 6 ng / ml, p = 0.005) in severe patients (PIM2 ? 6%). Patients with cardiac dysfunction by echocardiography in D1 had higher hospital stay (p = 0.047), PICU stay (p = 0.020), duration of mechanical ventilation (p = 0.011), maximum inotropic score (p = 0.001), PIM2 (p <0.001) and lower ventilator-free hours (p = 0.020). Patients with elevated ferritin levels in D0 had also less ventilator-free hours (p = 0.046), higher maximum inotropic score (p = 0.009) and PIM2 (p <0.001). The PIM2 differentiated the most severely ill patients by less ventilator-free hours (p = 0.012) and higher maximum inotropic score (p = 0.033). The 2 patients who died during the study had cardiac dysfunction by echocardiography, hyperferritinemia and elevated PIM2. Conclusion : Among the analyzed markers, cardiac dysfunction by echocardiogram (ejection fraction <55% and FENC <28%), ferritin (? 300 ng / ml) and (PIM2 ? 6%) had the best performance as markers of severity in pediatric patients with sepsis. / Introdu??o : A sepse ? uma condi??o sist?mica, de intensa inflama??o, desencadeada por um agente infeccioso que serve como o ?gatilho? de todo processo. Achar ferramentas que possibilitem para o profissional da ?rea da sa?de antecipar ou acompanhar uma evolu??o desfavor?vel ? de suma import?ncia no ambiente da Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Pedi?trica (UTIP). Por conta disso, diversos marcadores de sepse t?m sido estudados. O objetivo deste estudo ? avaliar o desempenho de marcadores de sepse pedi?trica e sua rela??o com a gravidade. M?todos : Estudo de coorte prospectivo, de pacientes internados na UTIP de um hospital universit?rio do per?odo de mar?o a dezembro de 2014. Foram inclu?dos todos os pacientes com suspeita de sepse que possu?am entre 28 dias e 18 anos, que estavam necessitando ventila??o mec?nica por mais de 48 horas e suporte cardiovascular atrav?s de drogas vasoativas. Foram coletados n?veis s?ricos de prote?na C reativa (PCR), ferritina, contagem de leuc?citos, triglicer?deos (TGC), colesterol total, colesterol LDL (LDL), Horm?nio de crescimento (GH) e Fator de crescimento semelhante a insulina (Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 ou IGF-1) no primeiro dia (D0), 24 horas (D1) e 72 horas (D3) ap?s o recrutamento. Tamb?m foi calculado o Pediatric Index of Mortality 2 (PIM2) no primeiro dia de interna??o na UTIP. No D1 e no D3 os pacientes foram submetidos a ecocardiograma transtor?cico, para determina??o da Fra??o de Eje??o (FE) e da Fra??o de Encurtamento (FEnc) do ventr?culo esquerdo. Os desfechos avaliados foram tempo de interna??o hospitalar e UTIP; dura??o da ventila??o mec?nica (VM) e horas livres de VM; dura??o do uso de inotr?picos e escore m?ximo de inotr?picos; PIM2 e mortalidade. Foi considerado como significativo um p < 0,05. Resultados : Durante o per?odo de estudo houveram 337 interna??es. Um total de 20 pacientes completaram o protocolo do estudo. Em rela??o ?s caracter?sticas demogr?ficas, cl?nicas e laboratoriais no recrutamento, notamos que apenas a ferritina estava mais elevada (m?dia e desvio padr?o de 454,4 ? 309,7 versus 91,9 ? 6 ng/mL; p=0,005) nos pacientes mais graves (PIM2 ? 6%). Pacientes com disfun??o card?aca pelo ecocardiograma no D1 tiveram maior tempo de interna??o hospitalar (p = 0,047), de UTIP (p = 0,020), VM total (p = 0,011), escore de inotr?pico m?ximo (p = 0,001), PIM2 (p < 0,001) e menor tempo livre de VM (p = 0,020). Pacientes com ferritina elevada no D0 tamb?m tiveram menor tempo livre de ventila??o (p = 0,046), maior escore de inotr?pico m?ximo (p = 0,009) e PIM2 (p < 0,001). O PIM2 tamb?m diferenciou os pacientes mais graves com menor tempo livre de VM (p= 0,012) e maior escore de inotr?pico m?ximo (p = 0,033). Os 2 pacientes que morreram durante o estudo possu?am disfun??o card?aca pelo ecocardiograma, ferritina e PIM2 elevados. Conclus?o : Dentre os marcadores analisados, a disfun??o card?aca pelo ecocardiograma (FE < 55% e FEnc < 28%), a ferritina (? 300 ng/ml) e o (PIM2 ? 6%) obtiveram o melhor desempenho como marcadores de gravidade em pacientes pedi?tricos com sepse.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:33:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 462948.pdf: 3573892 bytes, checksum: a0cdf6bf58f8ea4366b46e3326db4515 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-10-30 / Objective: Assess the offer and the energy restriction of patients hospitalized in a PICU. Methods: This is a prospective observational cohort descriptive, conducted from 01/09/2009 to 31/08/2010 in patients admitted to the PICU of a university hospital. Some additional data were collected from medical records of patients in Service Medical Records. The study was approved by the Ethics in Research Committee. The energy offer was received compared to Basal Energy Expenditure (BEE) and restrictions were also evaluated in the energy offer of patients, by analyzing the period No Initial Offer Energy and Pauses in Energy Offer, as well as the reason for the same. Data were collected during admission and hospitalization. Outcomes such as mortality, malnutrition, severity, organ dysfunction, length of hospitalization, mechanical ventilation, vasoactive drugs and adequacy of energy offer were evaluated. Results: The sample consisted of 475 admissions. Interned No Initial Offer Energy 97.5% patients. 55.2% of these initiated within the first 24 hours. The surgery (35%), critical clinical condition (30%) and examination (21%) on admission were not primarily responsible for introducing the initial energy offer. The PIM2> 6, acute illness, infection, hematologic, gastrointestinal, and renal dysfunction, MODS on admission, mechanical ventilation, vasoactive drugs and patients who had prolonged hospitalization are associated with an increased time to onset of nutrition (p <0.05 ). There were a total of 379 Pauses in Energy Offer during hospitalization in 175 patients. Of these, 91% reached the BEE to discharge, taking 24-502 hours. The gastrointestinal dysfunction (89%), intubation/extubation (71%) and fluid restriction (31%) during hospitalization, were primarily responsible for Pauses in the Energy Offer. The patients under one year, malnourished, PIM2> 6, clinical patients with infection with respiratory and liver dysfunction with MODS, who used mechanical ventilation, vasoactive drugs and those who had prolonged hospitalization are associated with a greater number of pauses (p <0.05). Prolonged hospitalization and mechanical ventilation are independently associated with delay to the beginning of the energy offer (greater than 38 hours) and the presence of pauses in the diet. BEE reached 79% of patients, 4% achieved only after the 5th day, being 75% of the total considered adequate energy offer and 25% in inadequate energy offer. PIM2 patients with>6, respiratory, hepatic and hematologic dysfunction, with MODS, who used vasoactive drugs and who died reached less adequate energy offer during hospitalization (p <0.05). Conclusions: The Majority of patients hospitalized No Initial Offer Energy . Of these, only 55.2% started their nutrition in the first 24 hours. The surgery, critical clinical condition and the need to perform tests on admission were not primarily responsible for introducing the initial energy supply for patients. The gastrointestinal dysfunction, intubation/extubation and fluid restriction during hospitalization, were primarily responsible for pauses in the energy offer. Prolonged hospitalization and the use of mechanical ventilation are independently associated with delay to the start of the energy offer and with the presence of food pauses. / Objetivo: Avaliar a oferta e a restri??o energ?tica dos pacientes internados em uma UTIP. M?todos: Trata-se de um estudo de coorte prospectivo descritivo observacional, realizado entre 01/09/2009 a 31/08/2010 nos pacientes admitidos na UTIP de um hospital universit?rio. Alguns dados complementares foram coletados nos prontu?rios dos pacientes no Servi?o de Arquivo M?dico. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comit? de ?tica em Pesquisa da institui??o. A oferta energ?tica recebida foi comparada ao Gasto Energ?tico Basal (GEB) e tamb?m foram avaliadas as restri??es na oferta energ?tica dos pacientes, atrav?s da an?lise do per?odo Sem Oferta Energ?tica Inicial e das Pausas na Oferta Energ?tica, assim como o motivo das mesmas. Foram coletados dados durante a admiss?o e a interna??o. Desfechos como a mortalidade, desnutri??o, gravidade, disfun??es org?nicas, tempo de interna??o, de uso de ventila??o mec?nica, drogas vasoativas e adequa??o da oferta energ?tica foram avaliados. Resultados: A amostra foi constitu?da de 475 interna??es. Internaram Sem Oferta Energ?tica Inicial 97,5% pacientes. Destes 55,2% iniciaram nas primeiras 24 horas. A cirurgia (35%), quadro cl?nico cr?tico (30%) e exames (21%) na admiss?o foram os principais respons?veis pela n?o introdu??o da oferta energ?tica inicial. O PIM2>6, doen?a aguda, infec??o, disfun??o hematol?gica, gastrointestinal e renal, SDMO na admiss?o, ventila??o mec?nica, drogas vasoativas e os pacientes que tiveram interna??o prolongada est?o associados a um tempo maior para o in?cio da nutri??o (p<0,05). Houveram um total de 379 Pausas na Oferta Energ?tica durante a interna??o em 175 pacientes. Destes, 91% atingiram o GEB at? a alta, demorando de 24 a 502 horas. A disfun??o gastrointestinal (89%), intuba??o/extuba??o (71%) e restri??o h?drica (31%) durante a interna??o, foram os principais respons?veis pelas Pausas na Oferta Energ?tica. Os pacientes menores de um ano, desnutridos, PIM2>6, pacientes cl?nicos, com infec??o, com disfun??o respirat?ria e hep?tica, com SDMO, que utilizaram ventila??o mec?nica, drogas vasoativas e os que tiveram interna??o prolongada est?o associados a um n?mero maior de pausas (p<0,05). A interna??o prolongada e a ventila??o mec?nica est?o associadas de forma independente com a demora para o in?cio da oferta energ?tica (maior que 38 horas) e com a presen?a de pausas na dieta. Atingiram o GEB 79% dos pacientes, 4% atingiram apenas depois do 5? dia, sendo do total 75% considerados em oferta energ?tica adequada e 25% em oferta energ?tica inadequada. Pacientes com PIM2>6, com disfun??o respirat?ria, hep?tica e hematol?gica, com SDMO, que utilizaram drogas vasoativas e que foram a ?bito atingiram menos a oferta energ?tica adequada durante a interna??o (p<0,05). Conclus?es: A maioria dos pacientes internou Sem Oferta Energ?tica Inicial. Destes, apenas 55,2% iniciaram sua nutri??o nas primeiras 24 horas. A cirurgia, o quadro cl?nico cr?tico e a necessidade de realizar exames na admiss?o foram os principais respons?veis pela n?o introdu??o da oferta energ?tica inicial nos pacientes. A disfun??o gastrointestinal, a intuba??o/extuba??o e a restri??o h?drica durante a interna??o, foram os principais respons?veis pelas pausas na oferta energ?tica. A interna??o prolongada e o uso da ventila??o mec?nica est?o associados de forma independente com a demora para o in?cio da oferta energ?tica e com a presen?a de pausa alimentar.

Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2016-09-27T12:22:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_ALINE_ACATROLLI_FUCKS_PARCIAL.pdf: 404979 bytes, checksum: bf9dcc0260187d59da9f947a3c934e97 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-27T12:22:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_ALINE_ACATROLLI_FUCKS_PARCIAL.pdf: 404979 bytes, checksum: bf9dcc0260187d59da9f947a3c934e97 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-06-16 / Objetive: To evaluate the performance of the latest version of the Pediatric Index of Mortality 3 (PIM 3) and compare it with the Pediatric Index of Mortality 2 (PIM 2) Intensive Care Unit Hospital of Pediatric S?o Lucas of the Catholic University of Rio Grande do South (PICU HSL / PUCRS). Methods: A prospective cohort study, longitudinal, descriptive observational census. The study included all patients aged 1 month to 18 years who were hospitalized in the Pediatric ICU HSL / PUCRS day 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2015. We excluded patients with less than 8 hours admission to the PICU with order no resuscitation or diagnosis of brain death in the first four hours of admission. Interventions: None. Results: Three hundred and ninety-nine children were included in the study during the period. We collected the data necessary to calculate the PIM 2 and PIM 3 in the first hour of admission to the PICU. The overall mortality rate was 3.5% and mortality index Standardized (SMR) was 1.13 (CI 95% 0,61-1,89), z = - 0,52 for the PIM 2 and 1.61 (CI 95% 0,88-2,70), z = - 2,15 to PIM 3. In relation to discrimination, there was a larger area under the ROC curve similar to PIM 2 and PIM 3 with 0.934 values (CI 95% 0.87-0.98) and 0.937 (CI 95% 0.88 to 0.98), respectively. The similarity between the mortality observed in the sample with expected mortality by calculating the PIM 2 in Hosmer-Lemeshow fit test showed a chi-square of 7.22 (p = 0.205). As for the PIM-3 showed a chi squared 12.88 (p = 0.025). Conclusion: Compared to the general population mortality by standardized mortality rate (SMR) we showed that the PIM 2 shows a predicted mortality very close to the observed mortality with no significant difference between them. The PIM 3 underestimates the mortality significantly. PIM 2 showed good calibration, not rejecting H0, while the PIM 3 does not possess good calibration, rejecting H0. By using the area under the ROC curve, both as PIM 2 PIM 3 showed a good discriminative power. / Objetivo: Avaliar o desempenho da vers?o mais recente do Pediatric Index of Mortality 3 (PIM 3) e compar?-lo com o Pediatric Index of Mortality 2 (PIM 2) em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Pedi?trica do Hospital S?o Lucas da Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul (UTI Pedi?trica HSL/PUCRS). M?todos: Estudo de coorte prospectivo, longitudinal, observacional descritivo, de censo. Foram inclu?dos no estudo todos pacientes com idade de 1 m?s a 18 anos que internaram na UTI Pedi?trica HSL/PUCRS do dia 01 de janeiro de 2015 a 31 de dezembro de 2015. Foram exclu?dos os pacientes com interna??o menor que 8 horas na UTIP, com ordem de n?o reanima??o ou diagn?stico de morte cerebral nas primeiras 4 horas da interna??o. Interven??es: Nenhuma. Resultados: Trezentos e noventa e nove crian?as foram inclu?das no estudo no per?odo analisado. Foram coletados os dados necess?rios para o c?lculo do PIM 2 e PIM 3 na primeira hora de interna??o na UTI Pedi?trica. A taxa de mortalidade geral foi 3,5% e ?ndice Padronizado de mortalidade (SMR) foi de 1,13 (IC 95% 0,61-1,89), z = - 0,52 para o PIM 2 e 1,61 (IC 95% 0,88-2,70), z = - 2,15 para o PIM 3. Em rela??o ? discrimina??o, evidenciou-se uma ?rea sob a curva ROC semelhante para PIM 2 e PIM 3 com valores de 0,934 (IC95% 0,87-0,98) e 0,937 (IC95% 0,88-0,98) respectivamente. A semelhan?a entre a mortalidade observada na amostra com a mortalidade esperada pelo c?lculo do PIM 2 no teste de ajuste de Hosmer-Lemeshow evidenciou um qui-quadrado de 7,22 (p= 0,205). Quanto ao PIM 3 evidenciou um qui-quadrado de 12,88 (p=0,025). Conclus?o: Em rela??o ? mortalidade geral da popula??o atrav?s do ?ndice padronizado de mortalidade (SMR) evidenciamos que o PIM 2 apresenta uma mortalidade prevista muito pr?xima da mortalidade observada, sem diferen?a significativa entre elas. O PIM 3 subestima a mortalidade de forma significativa. O PIM 2 apresentou boa calibra??o, n?o rejeitando o H0, enquanto o PIM 3 n?o possu? boa calibra??o, rejeitando H0. Ao utilizarmos a ?rea sob a curva ROC, tanto PIM 2 quanto PIM 3 apresentaram um bom poder de discrimina??o.

Submitted by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-06-30T18:07:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_KELLY_DAYANE_STOCHERO_VELOZO_PARCIAL.pdf: 3409854 bytes, checksum: 3680290c253f583021d2c804999c70b9 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-06-30T18:07:43Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_KELLY_DAYANE_STOCHERO_VELOZO_PARCIAL.pdf: 3409854 bytes, checksum: 3680290c253f583021d2c804999c70b9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-30T18:07:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_KELLY_DAYANE_STOCHERO_VELOZO_PARCIAL.pdf: 3409854 bytes, checksum: 3680290c253f583021d2c804999c70b9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-09 / Objectives: Identifying, among the instruments Nursing Activities Score (NAS), Therapeutic Intervention Scoring System-28 (TISS-28), and Nine Equivalents of Nursing Manpower Use Score (NEMS), what best reflects nursing workload in a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and size up nursing human resources with this score; characterize the patients admitted to the PICU according to clinical and personal data; categorize and analyze the care-related items, grouped, in basic activities and therapeutic interventions; verify the correlation and concordance between the instruments and the influence of companion and case severity on nursing workload. Methods: Observational prospective cohort study with a quantitative approach conducted at the PICU in the S?o Lucas Hospital of the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS). The sample consisted of all children admitted to the PICU from June 1, 2011, to June 31, 2012. For patient characterization, clinical and personal data were collected and the score Paediatric Index of Mortality 2 (PIM 2) was determined. In order to assess nursing workload, the instruments TISS-28, NEMS, and NAS were used, converted into working hours. Also, these scores were stratified into two groups, in Group 1 the items that comprise the category basic activities were gathered; and Group 2 gathered the items that comprise the other categories of ventilatory, cardiovascular, renal, neurological, and metabolic support, and specific interventions. Companion?s presence was assessed by work shift and then computed in 24-hour care. Data analysis was based on descriptive statistics, Student?s t-test, or ANOVA, Pearson?s correlation, simple linear regression, and the Bland and Altman model. Mortality was analyzed through the Standardized Mortality Ratio (SMR) and the Area Under Curve Receiver Operating Characteristic (AUROC) was used. The nursing personnel was sized up having a resolution from the Brazilian Federal Nursing Council (COFEN) as a basis. Results: The sample consisted of 490 hospitalizations, which totaled 4,617 observations. As for children characterization, 53% were men and there was predominance of infants and preschoolers, 39% were under 1 year of age, and 28% were in the age group between 1 and 5 years old. Regarding the origin, 44% came from the surgical center, 21% from the emergency room, 20% from a hospital ward and 16% from another hospital. Many children had more than one organ dysfunction during hospitalization, highlighting the fact that 61% had respiratory dysfunction. When assessing the average working hours of the nursing team estimated by the scores, we observed that the instrument NAS measured 13.6 hours and it was statistically superior, compared to TISS-28 and NEMS ? 11.7 and 12.9 hours, respectively. In the analysis of average working hours stratified in the groups, we found that in Group 1 the NAS measured 10.2?2.5 hours, standing out in this assessment; however, when considering Group 2, the TISS-28 estimated 6.3?3.1 hours, standing out among the instruments. Good correlations were found between NAS and TISS-28, NAS (2) and TISS-28 (2), NAS (2) and NEMS (2), NEMS and TISS-28, and NEMS (2) and TISS-28 (2). When analyzing concordance using the Bland and Altman method, we observed that TISS-28 and NEMS were the instruments that showed graphically the best concordance. According to the NAS average value, nursing workload was higher with children from the emergency service (14.15?3.89 hours), without companion (14.13?2.42 hours), and there was a tendency to increase the workload as the amount of organ dysfunction increases. The NAS also proved to be effective to estimate case severity, revealing on the day of admission an adequate capacity to discriminate mortality [AUROC of 0.811 (CI 95% 0.726-0.896)], and compared to IMP 2 [AUROC of 0.813 (CI 95% 0.716-0.910)]. Personnel sizing using the workload estimated by the NAS found out the need of 36 nursing professionals to work in this unit. Conclusion: The NAS showed to be the instrument that best measured nursing workload and, using the hours estimated through this score, it was possible to size up nursing human resources at the PICU. As for the characterization of children admitted to the PICU within the study period, there was predominance of men, infants under 1 year of age, and children from the surgical center. This study grouped the items that comprise the instruments NAS, TISS-28, and NEMS, separating the category basic activities from the other categories of therapeutic interventions. The NAS stood out in Group 1 in the category basic activities and TISS-28 in Group 2, which gathered the other categories. The instruments TISS-28 and NEMS were those showing the best correlation and concordance. Through the analyses of total mean workloads, the NAS stood out to estimate the demand for nursing work in this hospital unit. There was an increased nursing workload when the child was without her/his companion. The NAS showed capacity to discriminate mortality and assess case severity. / Objetivos: Identificar, dentre os instrumentos Nursing Activities Score (NAS), Therapeutic Intervention Scoring System-28 (TISS-28) e Nine Equivalents of Nursing Manpower Use Score (NEMS), qual melhor reflete a carga de trabalho de enfermagem em uma unidade de terapia intensiva pedi?trica (UTIP) e dimensionar os recursos humanos de enfermagem com esse escore; caracterizar os pacientes internados na UTIP segundo os dados cl?nicos e pessoais; categorizar e analisar os itens de cuidados, agrupados, em atividades b?sicas e interven??es terap?uticas; verificar a correla??o e a concord?ncia entre os instrumentos e a influ?ncia do acompanhante e da gravidade do caso na carga de trabalho de enfermagem. M?todos: Estudo de coorte prospectivo observacional com abordagem quantitativa realizado na UTIP do Hospital S?o Lucas da Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS). A amostra consistiu em todas as crian?as internadas na UTIP de 1? de junho de 2011 a 31 de junho de 2012. Para a caracteriza??o dos pacientes, foram coletados dados cl?nicos e pessoais e foi determinado escore Paediatric Index of Mortality 2 (PIM 2). Para a avalia??o da carga de trabalho de enfermagem foram utilizados os instrumentos TISS-28, NEMS e NAS, convertidos em horas de trabalho. Tamb?m, esses escores foram estratificados em dois grupos, no Grupo 1 foram reunidos os itens que comp?em a categoria atividades b?sicas; e o Grupo 2 reuniu os itens que comp?em as demais categorias de suporte ventilat?rio, cardiovascular, renal, neurol?gico e metab?lico e as interven??es espec?ficas. A presen?a do acompanhante foi avaliada por turno de trabalho e depois computada nas 24 horas de assist?ncia. A an?lise de dados foi baseada em estat?stica descritiva, teste t de Student ou ANOVA, correla??o de Pearson, regress?o linear simples e o modelo de Bland e Altman. A mortalidade foi analisada por meio do Standardized Mortality Ratio (SMR) e foi utilizada a Area Under Curve Receiver Operating Characteristic (AUROC). O dimensionamento do pessoal de enfermagem foi realizado com base em resolu??o do Conselho Federal de Enfermagem (Cofen). Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 490 interna??es, que totalizaram 4617 observa??es. Quanto ? caracteriza??o das crian?as, 53% eram do sexo masculino e houve predom?nio de lactentes e pr?-escolares, 39% eram menores de 1 ano de idade e 28% estavam na faixa et?ria entre 1 e 5 anos de idade. Em rela??o ? proced?ncia, 44% eram provenientes do centro cir?rgico, 21% da emerg?ncia, 20% da enfermaria e 16% de transfer?ncia de outro hospital. Muitas crian?as apresentaram mais de uma disfun??o org?nica durante a interna??o, destacando-se o fato de que 61% apresentaram disfun??o respirat?ria. Ao avaliar as m?dias de horas de trabalho da equipe de enfermagem estimadas pelos escores, observou-se que o instrumento NAS mensurou 13,6 horas e foi estatisticamente superior, em compara??o ao TISS-28 e ao NEMS, 11,7 e 12,9 horas, respectivamente. Na an?lise da m?dia de horas de trabalho estratificadas nos grupos, encontrou-se que no Grupo 1 o NAS mensurou 10,2?2,5 horas, destacando-se nessa avalia??o; por?m, quando considerado o Grupo 2, o TISS-28 estimou 6,3?3,1 horas, sobressaindo-se dentre os instrumentos. Melhores correla??es foram encontradas entre NAS e TISS-28, NAS(2) e TISS-28(2), NAS(2) e NEMS(2), NEMS e TISS-28 e NEMS(2) e TISS-28(2). Ao analisar a concord?ncia por meio do m?todo de Bland e Altman, observou-se que o TISS-28 e o NEMS foram os instrumentos que graficamente apresentaram a melhor concord?ncia. Segundo o valor m?dio do NAS, a carga de trabalho de enfermagem foi maior com as crian?as provenientes da emerg?ncia (14,15?3,89 horas), sem a presen?a do acompanhante (14,13?2,42 horas) e houve uma tend?ncia de aumentar a carga de trabalho com o aumento da quantidade de disfun??es org?nicas. O NAS tamb?m se mostrou eficaz na avalia??o da gravidade do caso, revelando no dia da admiss?o uma capacidade adequada de discrimina??o de mortalidade [AUROC de 0,811 (IC95% 0,726-0,896)], e em compara??o ao PIM 2 [AUROC de 0,813 (IC95% 0,716 - 0,910)]. O dimensionamento de pessoal utilizando a carga de trabalho estimada pelo NAS constatou a necessidade de 36 profissionais de enfermagem para atuar nessa unidade hospitalar. Conclus?o: O NAS mostrou-se o instrumento que melhor mensurou a carga de trabalho de enfermagem e, com as horas estimadas por meio deste escore, foi poss?vel dimensionar os recursos humanos de enfermagem na UTIP. Quanto ? caracteriza??o das crian?as internadas na UTIP durante o per?odo do estudo, houve predom?nio do sexo masculino, de lactentes menores de 1 ano de idade e de crian?as provenientes do centro cir?rgico. Este estudo agrupou os itens que comp?em os instrumentos NAS, TISS-28 e NEMS, separando a categoria atividades b?sicas das demais categorias de interven??es terap?uticas. O NAS se destacou no Grupo 1 na categoria atividades b?sicas e o TISS-28, no Grupo 2, que agrupou as demais categorias. Os instrumentos TISS-28 e NEMS foram os que apresentaram melhor correla??o e concord?ncia. Por meio das an?lises das cargas de trabalho m?dias totais, o NAS sobressaiu-se na estima??o da demanda de trabalho da enfermagem nessa unidade hospitalar. Houve aumento da carga de trabalho da enfermagem quando a crian?a estava sem a presen?a do acompanhante. O NAS apresentou capacidade de discrimina??o de mortalidade e de avalia??o da gravidade do caso.

Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2015-05-05T12:47:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 467974 Texto Parcial.pdf: 388194 bytes, checksum: d0ebb457bab4bbfa294aff23642e5442 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-05T12:47:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 467974 Texto Parcial.pdf: 388194 bytes, checksum: d0ebb457bab4bbfa294aff23642e5442 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-25 / Introduction : The anthropometric nutritional assessment is a necessary way in children undergoing hospital. Despite of the malnutrition is significantly present in a hospital, it calls attention the nutritional transition that the country is going through, where the increase of overweight and obesity is increasing.Studies already show a fall of malnutrition even among patients in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit. The objective of this study is to compare anthropometric data of patients in two moments of a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit.Methods : A retrospective cohort study, with patients in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of a university hospital in two periods of one year long, with four years interval. The data are from the unit's database. The nutritional assessment was performed based on the weight and height measured at the hospitalization moment. Parameters and classification of nutritional status were used recommended by the World Health Organization for the respective age groups. The Body Mass Index for Age was the chosen parameter to assess malnutrition and relate to severity and outcomes. Chi-square and Mann-Whitney test for comparison of patient data between the two moments were used. The differences were considered significant when p <0.05.Results : The total sample of patients was 881 (406, current sample and 475, previous sample). There was a significant reduction by malnutrition in the current sample of patients (p = 0,03).In relation to outcomes, malnourished patients of the previous sample had a significant association with mortality and prolonged length of stay, while malnourished of the current study, did not show this association. Malnourished of the previous sample also showed significant association with severity on admission (Mensured by Pediatric Index Mortality 2), which was not observed in the current sample of malnourished ones.Conclusion : There was a significant reduction of malnutrition among patients of the same PICU when we compare two moments, suggesting that the nutritional transition is also present among pediatric critical patients. The current sample of malnourished also had better outcomes compared to the previous one. More studies are needed in order to confirm this nutritional transition and its impact among this group of patients. / Introdu??o : A avalia??o nutricional antropom?trica ? uma ferramenta necess?ria em crian?as submetidas ? interna??o. Apesar da desnutri??o estar presente de forma significativa em meio hospitalar, chama aten??o a transi??o nutricional que o pa?s que est? passando, onde o aumento de sobrepeso e obesidade ? crescente. Estudos j? demonstram uma queda da desnutri??o at? mesmo entre pacientes internados em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Pedi?trica. O objetivo deste estudo ? comparar dados antropom?tricos de pacientes em dois momentos de uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Pedi?trica.M?todos : Estudo de coorte retrospectivo, com pacientes internados na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Pedi?trica de um hospital universit?rio em dois per?odos de um ano com intervalo de 4 anos. Os dados s?o provenientes do banco de dados da unidade. A avalia??o nutricional foi realizada a partir do peso e estatura aferidos no momento da interna??o. Foram utilizados par?metros e classifica??o do estado nutricional recomendados pela Organiza??o Mundial de Sa?de, para as respectivas faixas et?rias. O Indice de Massa Corporal para Idade foi o par?metro escolhido para avaliar a desnutri??o e relacionar com gravidade e desfechos. Foram utilizados os testes Qui-quadrado e Mann?Whitney para compara??o dos dados dos pacientes entre os dois momentos. As diferen?as foram consideradas significativas quando p<0,05.Resultados : A amostra total de pacientes foi de 881 (406 amostra atual e 475 amostra anterior). Houve redu??o significativa da desnutri??o na amostra atual de pacientes (p=0,03). Em rela??o aos desfechos, os pacientes desnutridos da amostra anterior tiveram associa??o significativa com mortalidade e tempo de interna??o prolongado, enquanto que os desnutridos da amostra atual n?o apresentaram esta associa??o. Os desnutridos da amostra anterior tamb?m apresentavam associa??o significativa com gravidade na interna??o (Avaliado pelo Pediatric Index Mortality 2), o que n?o foi observado na amostra atual de desnutridos.Conclus?o : Houve redu??o significativa da desnutri??o entre os pacientes da mesma unidade de terapia intensiva pedi?trica quando comparamos dois momentos, o que sugere que a transi??o nutricional est? presente tamb?m entre pacientes pedi?tricos cr?ticos. A amostra atual de desnutridos tamb?m teve melhores desfechos em rela??o ? anterior. Mais estudos s?o necess?rios afim de confirmar essa transi??o nutricional e sua repercuss?o entre este grupo de pacientes.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:32:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 436101.pdf: 715852 bytes, checksum: cec11c8b78ad67a1905aa37a388ce6a0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-08-31 / AIM: To verify the effects of an anabolic steroid (nandrolone decanoate) associated to physical therapy in prolonged mechanical ventilation weaning in children.METHODS: This is a historical observational cohort study. Twenty nine children with difficult weaning or that showed high numbers of extubation failure needing repeated ventilatory support were included in the study. As they showed two or more dysfunctions they were classified according to the score: systemic (characterized by malnutrition), respiratory, cardiac, neurologic and musculoskeletal dysfunctions. All children were submitted to respiratory and motor therapy 2 to 3 times a day. Parameters as time and ventilation weaning, extubation failures, weight gain, length of hospitalization and survival were evaluated.RESULTS: The length of mechanical ventilation before and after the use of anabolic steroid was similar (p=0.758). The number of failures before the use of AS was significant higher when compared to after AS (P<0.001). After the use of the drug 20 children (69%) did not show any failure at the moment of mechanical ventilation removal. Twenty six children (89.7%) showed success in weaning and three did not respond to the treatment. After the first dose of AS until mechanical ventilation removal and hospital release the patients showed significant weight gain (p<0.05). Tracheostomized children showed higher length of mechanical ventilation (p<0.001) however, this result did not interfere in mortality rate. After one year of treatment, 73.1% survived. After twenty months the survival probability was of 50.3% and after this period no modifications were observed. All death occurred in this 20 months interval.CONCLUSION: the use of AS associated to a MV weaning protocol can facilitate MV weaning and improve strength and resistance performance of children who stayed for long periods in MV. It promotes weight gain and reduces the number of MV extubation failure and it is efficient in children showing malnutrition with multiple dysfunctions and critically sick. It is not associated to the increase of mortality. / M?TODO: Estudo de coorte hist?rico observacional. Vinte e nove crian?as em desmame dif?cil ou que apresentaram um grande n?mero de falhas de extuba??o, necessitando de suporte ventilat?rio repetidos foram inclu?das no estudo. Como apresentavam duas ou mais disfun??es, foram classificadas conforme escore: disfun??es sist?micas (caracterizada pela desnutri??o), respirat?rias, card?acas, neurol?gicas e musculoesquel?ticas. Todas as crian?as do estudo realizavam fisioterapia respirat?ria e motora de 2 a 3 vezes ao dia. Foram avaliados par?metros de tempo e desmame da ventila??o, falhas de extuba??o, ganho de peso, tempo de interna??o e sobrevida.RESULTADOS: Os tempos de VM pr? e p?s EA foram semelhantes (p=0,758). O n?mero de falhas pr? EA foi significativamente maior que os p?s EA (p<0,001). Ap?s o uso da droga, 20 crian?as (69%) n?o tiveram mais falhas na sa?da da VM. Vinte e seis crian?as (90%) obtiveram sucesso no desmame e 3 n?o responderam ao tratamento. Ap?s a primeira dose do EA at? a sa?da da VM e alta, os pacientes apresentaram significativo ganho de peso (p<0,05). As crian?as traqueostomizadas tiveram um maior tempo de VM (p<0,001), entretanto isto n?o interferiu na mortalidade. Ap?s um ano do tratamento 73,1% do total da amostra sobreviveram. Ap?s os 20 meses a probabilidade de sobrevida foi de 50,3% e ap?s esse per?odo n?o se observou modifica??o. Todos os ?bitos ocorreram neste intervalo de 20 meses.CONCLUS?O: O uso do EA associado a um protocolo de desmame da VM pode facilitar o desmame, e o desempenho de for?a e resist?ncia de crian?as que permanecem longo tempo em VM. Promove incremento de peso, reduz n?mero de falhas na sa?da da VM e mostra-se eficaz, na reabilita??o de crian?as desnutridas, com m?ltiplas disfun??es e criticamente doentes. Sem associa??o com aumento de mortalidade.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:33:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 446168.pdf: 819347 bytes, checksum: df8fbcb39a3bf3cd0e2b8587e38200b8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-12-17 / Objectives: To evaluate hydrocortisone treatment and response to ACTH adrenal stimulation test, with or without respect to basal cortisol, in children with volume refractory septic shock.Method: Randomized placebo controlled clinical trial, including children admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit at S?o Lucas Hospital (HSL-PUCRS, Brazil) with a diagnosis of volume refractory septic shock, between Jun/2008 and Sep/2012. Basal cortisol level was determined and, then, ACTH test (1mcg/1,73m2) was performed. Then, patients were randomized to hydrocortisone or placebo treatment groups. Study protocol was approved by the HSL?s ethics committee.Results: Fifty six patients were analyzed. Median age was 5 months old, and mortality was 17.8%. Mortality rate was higher in patients that failed to respond to ACTH test, regardless of treatment (36% versus 6%; p=0.01). There was no difference between treatment groups regarding time and dose of vasoactive drugs, PICU length of stay and mortality, even when those who fail to respond to ACTH test were analyzed separately.Conclusion: Mortality was higher among patients who failed to respond to ACTH stimulation test, regardless of group of treatment. In our study, steroid replacement in children with volume refractory septic shock failed to improve mortality or any other studied outcome. More studies are needed to confirm these results / Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito do tratamento com hidrocortisona e da resposta ao teste de estimula??o adrenal com ACTH, com e sem rela??o ao cortisol basal, em pacientes pedi?tricos com choque s?ptico refrat?rio a volume.M?todo: Ensaio cl?nico randomizado, duplo cego, placebo controlado, incluindo crian?as admitidas na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Pedi?trica do Hospital S?o Lucas, entre junho/2008 e setembro/2012. Os pacientes tinham diagn?stico de choque s?ptico refrat?rio a volume. Foi dosado cortisol basal e ap?s, realizado o teste de estimula??o com ACTH (1mcg/1,73m2). O paciente era ent?o randomizado para tratamento com hidrocortisona ou placebo. O protocolo de estudo foi aprovado pelo Comit? de ?tica do referido hospital.Resultados: Foram analisadas 56 crian?as. A mediana de idade foi de 5 meses, e a mortalidade foi de 17,8%. A mortalidade foi mais alta entre pacientes que n?o responderam ao teste com ACTH, independente do tratamento recebido (36% versus 6%; p=0,01). N?o houve diferen?a estat?stica entre os pacientes tratados ou n?o com hidrocortisona, com rela??o ? mortalidade, horas e quantidade de drogas vasoativas e tempo de interna??o em UTIP. Este resultado se mant?m, mesmo quando analisados separadamente os pacientes que responderam ou n?o ao teste do ACTH.Conclus?o: Pacientes que n?o respondem a est?mulo com ACTH apresentaram mortalidade aumentada, independente do tratamento recebido. A reposi??o de corticoester?ides em crian?as com choque s?ptico refrat?rio a volume n?o mostrou melhora de mortalidade, ou dos outros desfechos avaliados neste estudo. Novos estudos s?o necess?rios para confirmar estes achados

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:33:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 446167.pdf: 1265700 bytes, checksum: 3114e95b153925ceee67beb0544e09d3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-12-21 / This cohort study aimed to estimate workload and sizing of nursing staff using the Therapeutic Intervention Scoring System-28 (TISS-28) and the Nine Equivalents of Nursing Manpower Use Score (NEMS) scores in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU). Children admitted to the PICU of a university hospital between 01/01 and 12/31/2009 were enrolled in the study. The study included 459 children with a total number of observations of 3409. Mean values for TISS-28 and NEMS were 20.8?8 and 25.2?8.7 points, respectively. Nursing workload was 14.7 hours by TISS-28 and 17.8 hours by NEMS. The estimated quantity of professionals by TISS-28 and NEMS was 39.5 and 47.7, respectively. Both scores showed good correlation and concordance. The time spent on nursing activities reflect by NEMS was significantly higher compared with TISS-28. When the sizing of nursing professionals was evaluated TISS-28 and NEMS although different, have approached reality / Este estudo de coorte objetivou estimar a carga de trabalho e o dimensionamento de pessoal de enfermagem utilizando os escores Therapeutic Intervention Scoring System-28 (TISS-28) e Nine Equivalents of Nursing Manpower use Score (NEMS) em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Pedi?trica (UTIP). Participaram do estudo crian?as admitidas na UTIP de um hospital universit?rio no per?odo de 01/1/2009 a 31/12/2009. Incluiu-se 459 crian?as, contabilizando um total de 3409 observa??es. As m?dias do TISS-28 e do NEMS foram respectivamente 20,8?8 e 25,2?8,7 pontos. A carga de trabalho de enfermagem foi de 14,7 horas pelo TISS-28 e 17,8 horas pelo NEMS. A estimativa da quantidade de profissionais pelo TISS-28 e NEMS foi respectivamente de 39,5 e 47,7 profissionais. Os dois escores apresentaram uma boa correla??o e concord?ncia. O tempo gasto nas atividades de enfermagem refletido pelo NEMS foi significativamente maior quando comparado ao TISS-28. No dimensionamento de profissionais de enfermagem, o TISS-28 e o NEMS, embora diferentes, se aproximaram da realidade

Submitted by PPG Pediatria e Sa?de da Crian?a (pediatria-pg@pucrs.br) on 2018-05-17T17:07:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAC?A?O_ALESSANDRA Homologada.pdf: 2515370 bytes, checksum: ad16338aa10d94f13cf00eb3c4fe55c1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2018-05-28T18:42:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAC?A?O_ALESSANDRA Homologada.pdf: 2515370 bytes, checksum: ad16338aa10d94f13cf00eb3c4fe55c1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-28T18:44:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAC?A?O_ALESSANDRA Homologada.pdf: 2515370 bytes, checksum: ad16338aa10d94f13cf00eb3c4fe55c1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-08 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Introduction: Measures of quality assessment in Pediatric Intensive Care Units (PICUs) are generally related to clinical parameters. However, parental satisfaction is also considered an important indicator. Satisfaction surveys are already carried out frequently, but the questionnaires are not evaluated in relation to validity and reliability. In the Netherlands, the Empowerment of Parents in the Intensive Care 30 (EMPATHIC-30) questionnaire was developed to assess parental satisfaction in UTIO. In Brazil, validated questionnaires were not found for this purpose, so our aim is to translate, culturally adapt and validate the content of EMPATHIC-30 to evaluate parents' satisfaction in Brazilian PICUs. Methods: : the translation and cultural adaptation was carried out according to the protocol of the translation and cultural adaptation group of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomic Research - ISPOR 2005. The content validation was carried out by a committee of experts. After that, the mean and standard deviation (SD) for all items were calculated, and the content validity coefficient (CVC) for each item and for the instrument as a whole. Conclusion: EMPATHIC-30 was translated and adapted culturally to the Brazilian population. Validation demonstrated a total above-average CVC, confirming the validity of the instrument content. / Introdu??o: As medidas de avalia??o da qualidade em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Pedi?tricas (UTIP) s?o geralmente relacionadas a par?metros cl?nicos. Contudo, a satisfa??o dos pais tamb?m ? considerada um indicador importante. Pesquisas de satisfa??o j? s?o realizadas com frequ?ncia, por?m os question?rios n?o s?o avaliados em rela??o ? validade e ? confiabilidade. Na Holanda, foi desenvolvido o question?rio Empowerment of Parents in the Intensive Care 30 (EMPATHIC-30) para avaliar a satisfa??o dos pais em UTIP. No Brasil, n?o foram encontrados question?rios validados para este fim, desta forma, nosso objetivo ? traduzir, adaptar culturalmente e validar o conte?do do EMPATHIC-30 para avaliar a satisfa??o dos pais em UTIP brasileiras. M?todos: a tradu??o e adapta??o cultural foi realizada conforme protocolo do grupo de tradu??o e adapta??o cultural da Sociedade Internacional para Pesquisas Farmacoecon?micas ? ISPOR 2005. A valida??o do conte?do foi realizada por uma comiss?o de especialistas. Ap?s foram calculadas a m?dia e Desvio Padr?o (DP) para todos os itens, e o coeficiente de validade de conte?do (CVC) para cada item e para o instrumento como um todo. Resultados: na fase de adapta??o transcultural, as frases foram adaptadas de acordo com a sintaxe brasileira e sofreram poucas modifica??es. Na valida??o de conte?do, o CVC foi abaixo da m?dia em tr?s itens, dois foram mantidos no instrumento e um foi exclu?do. Conclus?o: o EMPATHIC-30 foi traduzido e adaptado culturalmente para a popula??o brasileira. A valida??o demonstrou um CVC total acima da m?dia, confirmando a validade do conte?do do instrumento.