O exercício de crítica cultural aqui empreendido busca refletir sobre a contemporaneidade a partir da análise e interpretação do longa-metragem O som ao redor (2012) de Kleber Mendonça Filho. A fim de chegar a uma compreensão do que sua forma diz sobre o momento presente, realizamos uma investigação sobre o filme a partir das contribuições de diferentes disciplinas e também de abordagens analíticas da imprensa e da academia. A começar pelo estudo da forma narrativa, propomos definições para noções como autor, autor implícito, narrador, ponto de vista e foco narrativo. Essas noções se mostram úteis no desenvolvimento da análise com relação ao que entendemos como sendo o foco narrativo, uma relação de significação entre as instâncias da emissão e da recepção de uma narrativa. A focalização, assim compreendida, permitiu a identificação da produção de quatro espacialidades na trama da narrativa fílmica: (a) o espaço doméstico contemporâneo e as práticas de consumo, marcados pelo desejo e pelo medo; (b) o espaço de poder do homem cordial contemporâneo; (c) o espaço da propriedade e da auto-atribuição ambígua de um espaço de representação; e, por fim, (d) o espaço da subalternidade. Esses espaços, por sua vez, são articulados por meio de uma prática temporal contraditória, estabelecida entre passado e futuro, que mantém o presente em estado de suspensão crônica. Observa-se, nos termos de Jameson (2002 [1981]), o inconsciente político dessa narrativa: o reconhecimento do papel da classe média na manutenção de relações de mando arcaicas, lugar que o próprio narrador simula assumir e ao qual, por vezes, corre o risco de assimilar-se. Desse modo, a miragem da classe média quanto ao autocontrole econômico e simbólico e seu horror à expropriação e aos despossuídos continuam a contribuir para manter as desigualdades e injustiças sociais do país. Como forma de conclusão, indica-se, na leitura do filme, a possibilidade de entendimento do passado como uma simples permanência caso se veja o tempo (e a história) apenas como continuidade. Inversamente, se a dimensão temporal for compreendida como sujeita a simultaneidades, aberta, portanto, à equivocidade, possibilidades de futuro podem emergir, configurando-se uma outra leitura. Nesse sentido, práticas do passado no presente, sujeitas à continuidade e à transformação, dão a dimensão da importância das práticas presentes, já que, estas, antecipam, desde já, práticas futuras. / The exercise of cultural criticism undertaken here aims to reflect on contemporary temporality through an analysis and interpretation of the feature film Neighbouring Sounds (2012), directed by Kleber Mendonça Filho. To understand what its form says about the current moment, I investigate the structure of the film considering contributions from different disciplines and also analytical approaches, offered by the press and scholars. Starting with the study of the narrative form, I propose definitions for notions like author, implicit author, narrator and point of view. These notions have proved themselves useful in the development of an analysis of what is understood as the narrative focus. However, the Anglophone criticism does not use that term as often as point of view. Thus understanding point of view as a relationship of signification between the addresser and the addressee of a narrative, I observe the production of four spatialities in the plot of the film: (a) the contemporary domestic space and consumerist practices, marked by desire and fear; (b) the space of the power of the contemporary cordial man; (c) the space of property and of the ambiguous selfattribution of a representational space; and, finally, (d) the space of subalternity. These spaces, then, are articulated by a contradictory time practice, established between the past and the future, which keeps the present in a chronic suspension state. I observe, following Jamesons (2002 [1981]) expression, the political unconscious of that narrative: the recognition of the role of the middle class in the maintenance of the archaic power relations. The narrator, in simulating these power relations, runs the risk of reproducing them. Thus the middle-class mirage of economic and symbolic self-control, compounded by a middle-class horror of expropriation and of the destitute, perpetuate the inequalities and social injustices in Brazil. To conclude, I indicate, in this reading of the film, the possibility of understanding the past as simply permanence if time and history are only regarded as continuity. Conversely, if the temporal dimension is grasped as subject to simultaneities, therefore, open to the equivoque, a different possible future may emerge, creating another reading. In this new sense, practices of the past in the present, subject to continuity and to transformation, give importance to the present practices, since these ones anticipate future practices.

Diplomová práce se zabývá respektováním světonázorové orientace rodin, jejichž děti navštěvují mateřskou školu, kam si přinášejí své tradice, zvyky a rituály vyplývající z odlišného sociokulturního zázemí i určitého náboženství. Hledá hranice respektu k těmto odlišnostem a uznávané normy v České republice. A zároveň je propojena s interkulturní edukací. V teoretické části přibližuje nejrozšířenější náboženství v České republice a nejpočetnější národnostní menšiny žijící na našem území. Okrajově se zabývá také tzv. sektami. Praktická část je zaměřena na zkoumání a hledání přístupů učitelek mateřských škol k těmto dětem, na vzdělávání pedagogů v otázkách světonázorové orientace a pohled rodičů na tyty otázky. Abstract This thesis deals with a respect for world view aspects of the families, whose children attend kindergartens, where their traditions, customs and rituals resulting from a different social and cultural background and also their particular religions are brought to. It looks for a limit of respecting these diferences and accepted standards in the Czech Republic. This thesis is put through the cross-cultural education. In a theoretic part it approaches the most widespread religions in the Czech Republic and the most numerous ethnic minorities in the area of this state. It marginally takes...

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T14:54:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bernadete de Oliveira.pdf: 9001908 bytes, checksum: 5fe5469188e85fd48ffd88d87ee8a3a1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-04-25 / The present study was prompted by the question Who will look after us in 2030? . It was derived from an anthropological perspective and gradually evolved into sociopolitical questions. Research was developed as a quantitative, qualitative and prospective study carried out at the Regional Health Department 1 (DRS1) in the Greater São Paulo Area (covering all the municipalities in the São Paulo Metropolitan Region) between January 2011 and December 2012. The study relied on the recommendations set forth by the National Elderly Health Care Policy and the Book of Primary Care 19 published by the Brazilian Ministry of Health. Study Objective: To investigate opinions from the São Paulo City Health Department (SMS) representatives and users at the City Health Council (CMS) and from elderly representatives at the Elderly Council (CMI) within the DRS1 about the initiatives undertaken in elderly health care so as to provide a consensual perspective on that question. Methodology and Results: In the first phase of the study, recorded face-to-face interviews and a mixed questionnaire were used with 109 subjects. The following council member categories were identified: users (n=37; 34.0%), managers (n=27; 24.8%), workers (n=12; 11.0%), as well as government (n=18; 16.5%) and civil society (n=15; 13.8%) segments predominantly within the age cohorts of 50 years and older, whereas females (n=57; 52.3%) and married individuals (n=70; 62.2%). The average education level is 13.3 years (±4.5); knowledge on elderly care by the majority of respondents comes from participation in related events. The standard response on the political role of council members was scattered with most subjects indicating a watchdog role. Decision-making to approve policies originating at different power levels was not even mentioned by respondents. In the second phase of the study, the Delphi Method was used and 51 subjects presented a prospective view and reached an opinion by consensus. Responses to the questionnaire were sent by e-mail. Respondents were thus categorized: 13 from the elderly group (72.2%), 14 from the SMS group (70.0%), 22 from the user group (73.3%). Statistical analysis of the findings revealed consensus on the following topics: elderly reception, global assessment, health education, what they like best about healthcare facilities, active aging, promotion of active aging, medium and high complexity health care, pharmaceutical care, elderly accessibility. In all groups, elderly people seek public healthcare services to have their prescription changed and medical treatment . Among the questions disregarded by respondents is the one about elderly services and actions deemed necessary... in which the SMS group unanimously responded that a support hospital for the elderly to recover and return home with independence and autonomy would not be necessary. With regard to skilled professionals trained to deliver elderly healthcare services and actions by 2030 , the SMS group was convinced that all healthcare professionals in public services would have to be trained . All groups agreed that they will need caregiving in old age, while the SMS elderly group wishes that my family and trained healthcare professionals would take care of me in old age... . Final Considerations: In the near future, City Councils are likely to become a powerful social participation tool, an instrument of achievement in the public sphere and of public policies that can satisfactorily meet the demands of the future, especially in old age. Furthermore, both the State and civil society require structural strengthening and organization, so that power can circulate in a decentralized manner and empowerment is established for the exercise of full citizenship of society members within a democratic perspective / Estudo norteado pela pergunta Quem cuidará de nós em 2030 , partiu de uma perspectiva antropológica e mergulhou, paulatinamente, em questionamentos sociopolíticos. Pesquisa definida como quantitativo, qualitativo e prospectivo, desenvolvido no Departamento Regional de Saúde 1 (DRS1): Grande São Paulo (100% dos municípios da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo), no período de janeiro de 2011 a dezembro de 2012. Ancorado nas recomendações da Política Nacional da Saúde do Idoso e do Caderno de Atenção Básica 19 , do Ministério da Saúde. Objetivo: investigar as opiniões de representantes da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde (SMS) e dos usuários, no Conselho Municipal de Saúde (CMS), e de representantes dos idosos, no Conselho Municipal do Idoso (CMI), no DRS1, a respeito de iniciativas na área de atenção à saúde do idoso, a fim de fornecer perspectivas consensuais àquela pergunta. Aporte Metodológico e Resultados: Na primeira etapa, Entrevista presencial gravada, utilizou-se o Questionário misto, participaram 109 sujeitos e foram identificadas as categorias de conselheiros: segmentos usuário (n=37; 34,0%), gestor (n=27; 24,8%) e trabalhador (n=12; 11,0%), do governo (n=18; 16,5%) e da sociedade civil (n=15; 13,8%); com predominância nas faixas etárias de 50 anos e mais de idade, no sexo feminino (n=57, 52,3%) e no estado civil casado (n=70; 62,2%); 13,3 anos de estudo (±4,5) em média; para a maioria que tem conhecimento na área do idoso, este advém da participação em eventos. O padrão de resposta sobre o papel político foi disperso, a maioria indicou a função de fiscalizador. A tomada de decisões para a aprovação de políticas originadas nos diferentes níveis de Poder não foi sequer mencionado por eles. Na segunda etapa, Método Delphi, 51 sujeitos chegarem a visão prospectiva e ao consenso de opiniões ao responderam formulários, via correio eletrônico; estes opinantes foram desta maneira classificados: 13 do grupo dos idosos (ou 72,2%), 14 do grupo da SMS (ou 70,0%), 22 do grupo dos usuários (ou 73,3%). Na análise estatística dos resultados detectou-se o consenso de opiniões em torno dos temas: acolhimento, avaliação global, educação em saúde, o que gostam nas unidades básicas de saúde, envelhecimento ativo, promoção do envelhecimento ativo, atendimento em média e alta complexidades, assistência farmacêutica, acessibilidade. Para todos os grupos, os idosos buscam serviços de saúde para troca de receita e encaminhamentos . Das respostas preteridas ( voto nulo ), destaca-se aquela a respeito dos serviços e ações considerados necessários... , o grupo da SMS, unanimemente, julgou que não deveria vir a ser instituído um hospital de retaguarda para o idoso se recuperar e voltar para casa com independência e autonomia . A respeito dos profissionais capacitados para desenvolver serviços e ações na atenção à saúde do idoso em 2030 , este mesmo grupo estava convicto acerca de que Todos os profissionais da rede pública precisariam ser capacitados . Todos os grupos admitiram que irão necessitar de cuidados na velhice; o grupo dos idosos e da SMS desejam Que minha família e profissionais capacitados cuidassem de mim... . Considerações finais: Os Conselhos Municipais podem vir a tornar-se, num futuro próximo, um poderoso instrumento de participação social, de consecução da esfera pública e daquelas políticas públicas que atenderiam de maneira satisfatória as demandas do devir, especialmente, da velhice. Neste ínterim, tanto Estado como sociedade civil demandam fortalecimento estrutural e organização, para que o poder circule de forma descentralizada e se estabeleça o empoderamento e o exercício da cidadania plena de seus membros, dentro de uma perspectiva democrática

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T14:55:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Elizabeth Parente Costa.pdf: 1298236 bytes, checksum: e6ac5ca20eabce2d78b189b2c47824ef (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-06-10 / The research proposes a study of the social representations of leprosy, we seek three times to understand the sense of every society and their dynamics in relation to disease. The first in the city of Sobral/CE, where we carry out research in the years 2008 and 2009; the second moment in the city of Mogi das Cruzes/SP, with a man who has gone through several periods of hospitalization and overcame the stigma through work aimed at manufacture of prosthetic patients amputees; and the third time in New Delhi in India, where we find the largest number of leprosy patients. The places chosen for the field work were selected after repeated bibliographical research, readings of scholarly articles, medical texts and physicians about the disease and mainly with the data of the World Health Organization (WHO) and of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). We investigate the sociocultural reality of people afflicted by illness and how these could be with the disease / A pesquisa propõe um estudo das representações sociais da hanseníase, buscamos três momentos para entendermos o senso de cada sociedade e as suas dinâmicas em relação à doença. O primeiro na cidade de Sobral/CE, onde já realizamos a pesquisa nos anos de 2008 e 2009; o segundo momento na cidade de Mogi das Cruzes/SP, com um senhor que passou por vários períodos de internação e superou o estigma, por meio do trabalho voltado à fabricação de prótese para pacientes amputados; e o terceiro momento em Nova Délhi na Índia, onde pudemos encontrar o maior número de hansenianos. Os lugares escolhidos para o trabalho de campo foram selecionados depois de reiteradas pesquisas bibliográficas, leituras de artigos acadêmicos, textos médicos e não médicos sobre a doença e principalmente com os dados da Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) e do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). Buscamos investigar a realidade sociocultural de pessoas atingidas pela enfermidade e como estas percebiam estar com a doença

Bakgrund: Utskrivningen från slutenvården till hemmet är ett sårbart moment för patienter som övergår mellan två olika miljöer. Tidigare forskning visar att sjuksköterskor upplever utskrivningen som otydlig. Sjuksköterskor ser inte alltid utskrivningen som ett vårdande tillfälle eller upplever att det inte finns möjlighet att vårda. Det är oklart hur patienter påverkas av sjuksköterskans perspektiv på utskrivningen. Syfte: Att beskriva patienters upplevelser av vårdandet vid utskrivning. Metod: En systematisk litteraturstudie med deskriptiv design och analys av 13 kvalitativa vårdvetenskapliga artiklar. Resultat: Vårdrelationen vid utskrivning brister och patienter känner sig utelämnade. De upplever att deras behov inte blir uppmärksammade och att de blir utskickade. Patienter upplever att informationen är otillräcklig och att de inte får hjälp att förstå den. De vet inte vad de har att förvänta sig och blir oroliga. Omfattande information anses vara betryggande. Slutsats: Sjuksköterskor behöver förbättra sitt helhetsperspektiv på patienterna vid utskrivning. Mer uppdaterad kunskap angående vårdande relationer behövs för att synliggöra patientens behov och kunna utföra vårdande handlingar.

In Sweden, a compulsory national assessment of all students’ reading skills has been implemented by the National Agency at the end of 1st grade to improve early identification of students in need of extra support in their reading development. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate to what extent the compulsory criterion-referenced assessment identifies children with poor reading skills in comparison to two commonly used standardized and norm-referenced assessment materials measuring word reading skills and reading comprehension. Fifty-three Swedish students participated in the compulsory national assessment at the end of 1st grade and were administered the norm-referenced assessments of reading comprehension and word reading at the beginning of grade 2. Furthermore, a survey was distributed to 27 teachers in primary school to explore teachers’ experiences of using the compulsory national assessment in grade 1. Results indicated that the national compulsory assessment in grade 1 only identified 8 % of the students identified with reading comprehension difficulties and weak word reading skills in the norm-referenced standardized assessment in grade 2. A majority (70 %) of the teachers question the criterion based national assessments’ capacity to identify children at risk in their reading development. Implications for early identification of reading difficulties in Swedish primary school are discussed.

abstract: Minimally invasive surgery is a surgical technique that is known for its reduced patient recovery time. It is a surgical procedure done by using long reached tools and an endoscopic camera to operate on the body though small incisions made near the point of operation while viewing the live camera feed on a nearby display screen. Multiple camera views are used in various industries such as surveillance and professional gaming to allow users a spatial awareness advantage as to what is happening in the 3D space that is presented to them on 2D displays. The concept has not effectively broken into the medical industry yet. This thesis tests a multi-view camera system in which three cameras are inserted into a laparoscopic surgical training box along with two surgical instruments, to determine the system impact on spatial cognition, perceived cognitive workload, and the overall time needed to complete the task, compared to one camera viewing the traditional set up. The task is a non-medical task and is one of five typically used to train surgeons’ motor skills when initially learning minimally invasive surgical procedures. The task is a peg transfer and will be conducted by 30 people who are randomly assigned to one of two conditions; one display and three displays. The results indicated that when three displays were present the overall time initially using them to complete a task was slower; the task was perceived to be completed more easily and with less strain; and participants had a slightly higher performance rate. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Human Systems Engineering 2019

Kazuo Ishiguro's novels The Remains of the Day and Never Let Me Go exhibit many of the same characteristics as his other works. Out of all of those works, however, only these two novels have been adapted to film as of yet. Because of Ishiguro's reliance on first-person narration and point-of-view his novels are particularly more problematic to adapt to screen. This phenomenon is partially due to the audio-visually dependent medium of film and the camera lens' limitations when it comes to exhibiting character interiority. Therefore, the effect of the translation to screen for both of these films is a shift in how the viewing audience responds to the characters as both characters and as human beings. This shift at times augments, expands, or changes the philosophical implications of Ishiguro's works. This paper explores those shifts and permutations and argues that they can ultimately lead to a more empathetic connection between the viewer and the characters in the stories.

Immigrants participate in entrepreneurial activity more frequently than other groups, largely resulting from restricted access to traditional occupational advancement. Recent studies have reported that immigrant entrepreneurs focus on their abundance of human and social capital to obtain the financial resources necessary to fund their ventures. Lack of financial resources has been identified as a major barrier for immigrant entrepreneurs; however, as this study indicates, both native and immigrant entrepreneurs face similar financial hurdles in locating initial startup funding. Where major differences arise between native and immigrant entrepreneurs is that native entrepreneurs more frequently transition to business forms of debt, a key component to long-term success. Resulting from their lack of embeddedness in their host context, immigrant entrepreneurs are far more likely to rely on social network based resources to fund growth, which removes their businesses from the opportunities business forms that debt provides. Using the Kauffman public data, I investigated the relationship between financing strategies engaged by "immigrant" versus "native" entrepreneurs.

Spinning the Plan Sideways is the story of Clara Gantz, a thirty-eight year old architect who spent her twenties getting her plans—and sections and elevations—just right. She built buildings in lieu of a family and has considered these buildings her children, but lately she’s been finding a void in wood, marble, and steel. Encouraged, with methods bordering on coercion, by Greta, her “sister” from the Gantz Home for Girls, Clara agrees to mentor Julien, a troubled twelve-year-old. Years ago, when Julien was five, his mother split their house apart, lifting it to make three-stories from one, and moved into the top level with her new husband and daughter, leaving Julien and his father, Michel on the levels below. The separation drove Michel to attempt suicide on Julien’s ninth birthday leaving him with violent aversions to homes over one-story tall. As Clara works with Julien, she discovers her life had been focused on developing the wrong types of plans and she invests in creating new plans for herself, Julien, and Michel. The story unfolds through the parallel viewpoints of Clara and Michel, with Julien’s Grim Fairytale tucked in the middle.