Submitted by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2017-08-25T15:51:34Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertação - Pablo Elleres.pdf: 5489693 bytes, checksum: b9a04e1146c232be81cf39a48ae1634d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2017-08-25T15:52:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertação - Pablo Elleres.pdf: 5489693 bytes, checksum: b9a04e1146c232be81cf39a48ae1634d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-25T15:52:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertação - Pablo Elleres.pdf: 5489693 bytes, checksum: b9a04e1146c232be81cf39a48ae1634d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-31 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Fingerprinting is a technique applied in order to identify or re-identify a User/ device via a set of attributes such as the size of the device’s screen, IP address identification, the versions of the software installed as well as through other existing features in the process Web communication. The technique is known in Nomenclature website fingerprinting and it has been used as a mechanism for marketing/product sales, however, its development aims to serve as a measure security of user authentication. The question is As it is considered a potencial threat to Web privacy, since personal and sensitive data can be captured and used for malicious purposes in various types of attacks and fraud. The point is that it may and should be considered a potential threat to the privacy of users on the Web, since personal and sensitive data can be captured and used for malicious purposes. Currently a technique that uses image rendering, called Canvas fingerprinting, has also been used for the same purposes as the previous one. This work presents a method that uses information retrieval techniques (via vectorial method) to perform the detection of Canvas Fingerprinting scripts in Web pages. The method consists in calculating the similarity between a base with 100 queries from a Canvas Fingerprinting database and a set of web pages labeled as benign and malignant. The result found showed high levels of similarities with a canvas base (97 %), a base of phishing pages (87 %) and a base with DMOZ directory pages (87 %). / Fingerprinting é a técnica aplicada com vistas a identificar ou reidentificar um usuário/dispositivo por intermédio de um conjunto de atributos como: o tamanho da tela do dispositivo, a identificação do endereço IP, as versões dos softwares instalados, assim como por meio de outras características existentes no processo de comunicação daWeb. A técnica é conhecida pela nomenclatura deWebsite fingerprinting e tem sido utilizada como mecanismo de marketing/vendas de produtos, mas pode muito bem ser empregada como medida de segurança na autenticação de usuários. A questão é que ela pode e deve ser considerada uma ameaça potencial a privacidade dos usuários na Web, já que dados pessoais e sigilosos podem ser capturados e empregados para fins maliciosos. Atualmente uma técnica que utiliza renderização de imagens, denominada Canvas fingerprinting, também tem sido utilizada para burlar a privacidade dos usuários de websites. Este trabalho apresenta um método que emprega técnicas de recuperação da informação (via método vetorial), para realizar a detecção de scripts Canvas Fingerpriting em páginas Web. O método consiste em realizar o cálculo da similaridade entre uma base com 100 consultas reconhecidamente ligadas à Canvas Fingerpriting e bases de dados com páginas tidas como benignas e malignas. O resultado encontrado mostrou que níveis altos de similaridades com uma base de Canvas (97%), uma base de páginas phishing (87%) e uma base com páginas do diretório DMOZ (87%).

Submitted by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2016-12-16T14:35:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Adriana R. Saraiva.pdf: 5916314 bytes, checksum: cf288d2a2930a048c67f43f933ab9524 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2016-12-16T14:35:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Adriana R. Saraiva.pdf: 5916314 bytes, checksum: cf288d2a2930a048c67f43f933ab9524 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2016-12-22T15:21:06Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Adriana R. Saraiva.pdf: 5916314 bytes, checksum: cf288d2a2930a048c67f43f933ab9524 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-22T15:21:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Adriana R. Saraiva.pdf: 5916314 bytes, checksum: cf288d2a2930a048c67f43f933ab9524 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-04 / FAPEAM - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas / Fingerprinting techniques are those used to identify (or re-identify) a user or device with a set of attributes (device screen size, versions of installed software, among many others) and other observable characteristics during the communication process. Commonly known by Website fingerprinting, such techniques can be used as a security measure (in user authentication, for example) and as a mechanism for sales / marketing. However, they can also be considered a potential threat to Web users’ privacy, since personal and sensitive data can be captured and used for malicious purposes in various types of attacks and fraud. In this context, this work proposes a methodology to detect fingerprinting artifacts in Web pages and measure the level of severity to user privacy. The results show that although simple, the method is effective to find fingerprinting codes in websites and categorizing them in severity levels. / Técnicas de fingerprinting são aquelas empregadas para identificar (ou reidentificar) um usuário ou um dispositivo através de um conjunto de atributos (tamanho da tela do dispositivo, versões de softwares instalados, entre muitos outros) e outras características observáveis durante o processo de comunicação. Comumente conhecidas por Website fingerprinting, tais técnicas podem ser usadas como medida de segurança (na autenticação de usuários, por exemplo) e como mecanismo para vendas / marketing. Por outro lado, também podem ser consideradas uma ameaça potencial à privacidade Web dos usuários, uma vez que dados pessoais e sigilosos podem ser capturados e empregados para fins maliciosos nos mais variados tipos de ataque e fraudes. Neste contexto, esta dissertação propõe uma metodologia para detectar artefatos (scripts) fingerprinting em páginas Web e mensurar o nível de severidade à privacidade do usuário. Os resultados mostram que embora simples, a metodologia é eficaz ao encontrar códigos fingerprinting nos websites e categorizá-los em níveis de severidade.

With the rapid development of the Internet and web technology, governments worldwide have caught onto this revolution and shown rapid development of electronic government (e-government) in the public sector. Nowadays, there are a significant number of e-governments that are accessible via the Internet and provide a range of information and services. However, existing research indicates that e-government still faces the challenge of generating greater users’ interaction in terms of accessing information, utilizing services and participating in e-government decision making. Among a variety of reasons for this challenge, usability and credibility have been found to be the key factors in users’ decisions about e-government engagement and need to be explored. This research attempts to evaluate the usability and credibility of current e-governments, focusing on specific e-government websites in the UK. This research adopted heuristic evaluation, which is based on users’ perception, to implement a thorough and in-depth assessment of e-government websites. In addition, to obtain a more comprehensive evaluation, users’ performance was measured in order to reveal the level of users’ interaction with e-government websites when they perform a set of practical tasks. The research design was a quasi-experimental, consisting of two linked experiments. Experiment 1 aimed to evaluate usability and credibility of the target e-government websites, identifying a range of existing usability and credibility problems. Based on the usability and credibility problems found, design solutions were proposed for each of the target e-government websites. Experiment 2 aimed to examine the effects of the proposed design solutions on the usability and credibility problems identified on the redesigned e-government websites. The findings of experiment 1 suggested that the e-government websites need to improve their usability and credibility. In particular, the most serious usability problems found in the target e-government websites lay within the areas of “aesthetic and minimalist design”, “recognition rather than recall”, and “consistency and standards”. In addition, the most serious credibility problems identified were within the areas of “site looks professional”, “make site easy to use and useful”, and “show the honest and trustworthy people behind the site”. The findings of experiment 2 revealed that the usability and credibility problems found in experiment 1 had been improved by the proposed design solutions. Furthermore, these improvements might increase the overall usability and credibility of the target e-government websites, making the users’ task performance better within the redesigned e-government websites. Based on the findings of the experiments, this research developed a set of usability and credibility guidelines. Each guideline addressed a number of the specific usability and credibility elements at the detailed level of e-government website design. These guidelines can be helpful to guide designers to develop more usable and credible e-government websites.

Den här rapporten beskriver arbetet med att skapa en dynamisk designdriven webbsida åt Landegrens Legomek AB, ett mindre företag inom tillverkningsindustrin. Företaget hade sedan tidigare en statisk webbsida och ville förnya denna i takt med den ökade vikten av att synas på Internet. Design och layout är anpassad till företages profil och kunder för att ge ett seriös och formellt intryck. Vi har valt att skapa den nya webbsidan med databasservern MySQL och skriptspråket PHP. Även JavaScript är en del i implementeringen. Till den nya webbsidan har vi också skapat en administrativ tjänst som är webb-baserad, denna ger möjlighet att enkelt uppdatera innehållet på webbplatsen. Arbetet har inte endast omfattat den tekniska delen utan även berört andra delar som foto och copywriting. Företaget har valt att ha sin hemsida hos ett webbhotell, i det här fallet Telia. Fördelen är främst säkerhet och underhåll av systemet. Nackdelen är de begränsningar som webbhotellet har, bland annat ftp-stödet i PHP som fullständigt saknas vilket har lett till att vi fick implementera andra lösningar. / This report describes how to create a dynamic and design driven web page for Landegrens Legomek AB, a minor company in the manufacturing business. The company had already recognized the need to update its former web page to a more modern design to keep up with the current trends on the Internet. Design and layout were adapted to the company’s profile and its customers, this to give the right impression of the company. The page was created with the database server MySQL together with the script language PHP. JavaScript is also a part of the implementation. We have also created an web interface for updating and managing the web page in an easy way. The work also included other parts beside the technical implementation, such as photography and copywriting. The company has chosen to place its website in a web hotel, for this case Telia. The advantage with this solution is the security as well as the managing of the system. The disadvantage is the limits of the web hotel, e.g. the missing ftp support in PHP, which has forced us to choose other solutions.

Nowadays government departments and businesses use social networking sites to communicate with stakeholders. Notable reasons for this ongoing change are that the numbers of users on social networking sites have increased dramatically during the past ten years. Other reasons for utilizing social networking sites are that it is cost effective, more interactive due to Web 2.0 technology, as well as public demand. Besides increased interactivity and related benefits for normal users, this change emerged with accessibility problems for disabled users, especially when government departments utilize social networking sites. The adapted pages of these sites should be accessible for the disabled according to standards. Örebro municipality also utilizes social networking websites pages and this study provides an overview of the social networking sites’ accessibility to blind users. The study evaluated Örebro municipality’s Facebook and Twitter pages accessibility, by automatic evaluation tools against selected attributes of blind users’ accessibility metrics which are also the guidelines of W3C. The result of the study shows that there is more development required to make these pages completely accessible to blind users. However, the selected official website page of Örebro municipality was found completely accessible to blind users when evaluated for comparison, by the same automatic evaluation tools and selected guidelines.

Now a day the revolution in computer technology has changed the trend of human life. Congenital methods are a being replaced by new technique. The purpose of this study was to make an interface design prototype of Elskift company website. Another aim was to find out  the  prototype  should  concentrate  on  usability  and  user  interface design  heuristic.  Main  goals  were  that  the  prototype  was  easy  to learn,  efficient  of  use  and  subjective  satisfaction.  Both Quantitative and Qualitative approaches were used in this study.  Interviews were performed with the management and developer of Elskift. Survey was conducted to collect data from the participant.  Iterative  design  was used  in  this  design  process  its  include  evaluation,  design  and prototype. Usability testing was performed in the final design option. The Elskift design prototype is not an abundant and the complete web-based prototype but it contain maximum attribute

Le travail de recherche présenté ici a été mené dans le cadre du projet global RAUDIN « Recherches Aquitaine sur les Usages pour le Développement des dIspositifs Numériques » et, plus spécifiquement, au sein du sous-projet « indicateurs et mesure ». L’objectif était d’identifier les usages des dispositifs numériques et en particulier ceux dispensés via des applications Web. Il est proposé d’étudier un corpus de sites web d’Aquitaine (en englobant l’organisation éditrice, le résultat d’édition et les clients des sites) afin d’élaborer des indicateurs de performance et de qualité du mode d’édition web. L’objectif de la thèse est de proposer une méthodologie d’évaluation de l’alignement stratégique des sites web à des fins de pilotage pour une meilleure dynamique de compétitivité et d’organisation interne des institutions, de visibilité de leurs publications et, rétroactivement, d’utilisabilité des dispositifs de communication. Au contexte économique actuel caractérisé par une concurrence et une évolutivité toujours plus fortes, les organisations, quelle que soit leur nature, répondent par une augmentation de leur propre complexité pour survivre et s’épanouir. Cette augmentation de la complexité peut facilement conduire à une baisse de la performance si l’organisation n’est pas en mesure de mettre en cohérence toutes ses composantes avec sa stratégie globale. Le site web de l’organisation fait partie de ces composantes. Plus précisément, les sites web sont une vitrine sur l’organisation, ouverte à toute personne ayant accès à internet et ceci partout dans le monde. Outil de communication, le site web est souvent également un outil commercial et s’inscrit donc au cœur de l’activité métier de l’organisation. De plus, le site web se caractérise également par sa dynamique : il évolue constamment en termes de contenu, de fonctions et d’apparence. Cet ensemble de caractéristiques plaide pour l’intégration du site web dans la stratégie de l’organisation. La méthodologie d’évaluation de l’alignement stratégique des sites web que nous proposons est adaptée du modèle SAM (Strategic Alignment Model). Nous identifions dans notre démarche quatre domaines d’analyse : La stratégie d’affaire, la stratégie web, l’infrastructure organisationnelle et le site web lui-même. Deux niveaux de cohérence sont traités : l’ajustement inter-domaines et l’alignement. Le principe général de l’ajustement est de vérifier que deux domaines contigus sont cohérents. Pour cela, les domaines sont caractérisés par un ensemble de paramètres et l’évaluation de la cohérence entre les deux domaines d’analyse est réalisée à l’aide de matrices. Les paramètres de la matrice indiquent le niveau de dépendance entre les caractéristiques des deux domaines d’analyse. La dépendance est évaluée en quatre niveaux : dépendance nulle, dépendance faible, dépendance moyenne et dépendance forte. Nous définissons ainsi quatre matrices, chacune représentative d’un type d’ajustement : ajustement stratégique, ajustement opérationnel, ajustement organisation et ajustement web. L’alignement inter-domaines est défini par la mise en relation de trois domaines parmi les quatre. Huit combinaisons sont ainsi possibles parmi lesquelles quatre sont considérées comme plus pertinentes et connues comme les séquences d’alignement SAM. Ces séquences sont :• l’Exécution de la stratégie qui implique les domaines Stratégie d’affaire, Infrastructure organisationnelle et site web,• la Transformation technologique qui implique les domaines Stratégie d’affaire, Stratégie web et Site web,• le Potentiel compétitif qui implique les domaines Stratégie web, Stratégie d’affaire et Infrastructure organisationnelle,• le Niveau de service du web qui implique les domaines Stratégie web, Processus, Site web et infrastructure organisationnelle.La méthodologie est appliquée à deux cas : L’université Bordeaux 1 et l’Université Bordeaux Segalen. / The research work presented here was led within the framework of the global project RAUDIN “Recherches Aquitaine sur les Usages pour le Développement des dIspositifs Numériques” (Aquitaine Researches on the Uses for the Development of the Digital devices) and, more specifically, within the sub-project “indicateurs et mesure” (indicators and measure). The objective was to identify the uses of the digital devices and in particular those dispensed via Web applications. It is suggested studying a corpus of Aquitaine Web sites (by including the publishing organization, the result of publishing and the customers of sites) to develop indicators of performance and quality of the mode of Web publishing.The objective of the thesis is to propose a methodology of evaluation of the strategic alignment of Web sites in purposes of piloting for a better dynamics of competitiveness and internal organization of the institutions, visibility of their publications and, retroactively, of usability of the communication devices.In the current economic environment characterized by a competition and a scalability always stronger, organizations, whatever is their nature, answer by an increase of their own complexity to survive and floorish. This increase of the complexity can easily lead to a reduction in the performance if the organization is not capable of putting in coherence all its components with its global strategy. The Web site of the organization is a part of these components. More exactly, Web sites are a window on the organization, open to every person having access to internet and this all around the world. Communications tool, the Web site is often also a commercial tool and thus joins at the heart of the business activity of the organization. Furthermore, the Web site is also characterized by its dynamics: it evolves constantly in terms of contents, functions and appearance. This set of characteristics pleads for the integration of the Web site in the strategy of the organization.The methodology of evaluation of the strategic alignment of the Web sites which we propose is adapted from the SAM model (Strategic Alignment Model). We identify in our approach four domains of analysis: the business strategy, the Web strategy, the organizational infrastructure and the Website itself. Two levels of coherence are treated: the inter-domains adjustment and the alignment.The general principle of the adjustment is to verify that two adjoining domains are coherent. For that purpose, domains are characterized by a set of parameters and the evaluation of the coherence between both domains of analysis is realized by means of matrices. The parameters of the matrix indicate the level of dependence between the characteristics of both domains of analysis. The dependence is estimated in four levels: nil dependence, weak dependence, average dependence and strong dependence. We so define four matrices, each representative of a type of adjustment: strategic adjustment, operational adjustment, organization adjustment and Web adjustment.The inter-domains alignment is defined by the interlinking of three domains among four. Eight combinations are so possible among which four are considered as more relevant and known as the SAM sequences of alignment. These sequences are:• the Strategy implementation which involves the Business strategy, Organizational infrastructure and Website domains,• the Technology leverage which involves the Business strategy, Web Strategy and Website domains,• the Technology exploitation which involves the Web Strategy, Business Strategy and Organizational infrastructure domains,• the Technology implementation which involves the Web Strategy, Website and Organizational infrastructure domains.The methodology is applied to two cases: Bordeaux 1 University and Bordeaux Segalen University.

Currently, more and more people use music streaming websites to listen to music, and a music recommendation service is commonly provided on the music streaming websites. A good music recommender system improves people’s user experience of music streaming websites. Nevertheless, there are some issues regarding the existing music recommender systems that need to be looked into.The purpose of this thesis is to identify the weaknesses of music recommender systems. Spotify, a Swedish music streaming website, has a large number of users. As it is a widely known streaming service, it seems appropriate for a case study on the drawbacks of music recommender systems.The case study method has been chosen for doing this research. The process of making up this thesis was divided into three stages. At the first stage, some basic preparations for the thesis were done. The second stage was characterized by some empirical work, like interviews and questionnaires, to collect the required data. Those empirical findings were analyzed in the third part to help us to identify and define the drawbacks.The research results presented in this thesis contribute to close several knowledge gaps in the area of music recommender systems and could thus be beneficial to different actors: streaming website operators to identify drawbacks of their recommender system; designers of recommender systems to improve system design; and, last but not least, this thesis provides some useful advice to those who market music streaming websites.This thesis does not focus on the technical and algorithm fields, i.e. the hardware- and software-related background. Instead, the idea and the functions of the recommender system, its feedback loop and the user experience were subject to our research and discussion. The results of the thesis can provide those responsible with both and inspiration for creating more customized recommender systems.

The aim was to explore experiences and needs of information following a prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart defect, and to assess the quality of publicly available information websites about congenital heart defects. Study I was a qualitative interview study that explored experiences among 11 parents to prenatally diagnosed children. Respondents tried to grasp the facts today while reflecting on the future, and personal contact with medical specialists was valued. The analysis showed that the Web contained an overwhelming amount of information. Study II was a qualitative interview study that explored experiences among 26 females and males 5-15 weeks after a prenatal diagnosis. Respondents hunted for information in a confusing reality, with a need for information about various topics and methods for information delivery. Although high satisfaction with the specialist information was described, the information was considered overwhelming and complex. Supplemental information was sought via the Web. Insufficient information about induced abortions was described. Study III was a quantitative study that explored content and quality of 67 English websites about congenital heart defects. Few websites included information about prenatal aspects, such as pregnancy termination. The overall quality was poor, especially reliability and information about treatment choices. Study IV was a mixed methods study that explored the quality of 10 Swedish websites about congenital heart defects, from the perspectives of 9 assessors with personal experience of a prenatal diagnosis. Quantitative Likert scale assessments were followed by written open-ended questions and focus group discussions. Quantitative assessments represented unfulfilled quality criterion for treatment choices, and partially fulfilled quality criteria for appearance, details, relevance, suitability and overall quality. Websites had significantly different scores for all investigated quality criteria. Various issues were highlighted in the responses to the open-ended questions and during the discussions, including inappropriate advertisements, biased information, poor illustrations, complex language and poor trustworthiness. In conclusion, expectant parents faced with a prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart defect in the fetus try to grasp the unexpected, an attempt that involves difficulties in relation to information. These are present during the consultation with health professionals and when searching for web-based information.

Internet and websites are today one of the most important communication channels of almost all companies. They offer a simple, fast and effective way of communication, which is also available worldwide in a few seconds. With the globalization of market, more and more companies try to expand their business beyond the territory of the home state. In the current time of start-ups is the Internet also often a medium that allows formation of new spheres of business for which the website is absolutely essential channel. This type of business is internet based and has very often international ambitions from the very beginning. Given that each country (or region) can be seen as distinctive culture, it is advisable to locate websites for the needs of the foreign country. This is exactly the theme of this thesis. The concrete objective of this thesis is to offer a methodology for website localization in terms of webdesign. The basic building block is the delimitation of a multidisciplinary theoretical framework that examines the concept of culture and extensive literature review allowing current insight into the linking of website and culture, i.e. cultural website localization. Suitable method for gripping such a complex concept as a culture emerge from a theoretical framework as well. As the most appropriate method were determined Hofstedes cultural dimensions, which are then used for the analysis of cultural determination of web elements. Data collection for the purpose of analysis of web elements cultural determination is performed using a content analysis of websites from nine different countries. The results of the analysis are compared and synthesized with the findings stemming from a literature review. The final artifact of this thesis, a methodology for website localization from the perspective of web design, is based on this ground. Validation of the proposed methodology is done on the basis of assessment of the methodology for a domain of web design. This assessment is based on interviews with experts from different countries as well as presentation of concrete example of methodology use within a midsize website.