This thesis examines contemporary street art and its exhibition in galleries and museums in connection with Walter Benjamin's concepts of aura and authenticity in the postmodern period. Street art is posited as a marginal art evolving out of the tradition of 1970's New York graffiti that can be made to function as a type of anti-spectacle within the spectacle of the mainstream. Situationist theory and concepts within the agenda of Unitary Urbanism (psychogeography, the dérive, and détournement) are used to evaluate contemporary street art as anti-spectacle. Photography, as a primary method of documenting street art, is considered as a mechanically reproduced medium bringing into play discourses of repetition and originality, which are in turn related back to Benjamin's concepts of aura and authenticity. Andy Warhol, his Pop Art iconography, and practice of seriality are also considered as an influence on contemporary street art's imagery and underlying practice. Warhol's promotion of an "art star" persona is also related to such contemporary street art "stars" as Banksy and Mr. Brainwash.

The present thesis is dealing with the theoretical concept of modernity. It is attempting to define the concept with a reference to the experience of a shifted time-perception. The first part of the text analyses some of the theoretical approaches to the concept. The following parts are dedicated to the work of Walter Benjamin and Siegfried Kracauer and are trying to examine the way in which those two described their own experience of modernity.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T19:58:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rene Rogerio Pereira.pdf: 419447 bytes, checksum: d1fd57acc8db4fd440676e83d39fcec2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-07-12 / This paper offers a reading of the novel Leite derramado (2009) by Chico Buarque in light of the narrative theory of Walter Benjamin and his concept of allegory. From the diagnosis of the philosopher that the traditional form of narrative, as the art of giving advice and transmissibility of authentic experience, would be in danger of extinction, the study aims to investigate the possibility of its survival in contemporary society. To this end, the study covers two parallel paths: the critical heritage dedicated to highlighting aspects Chico Buarque ethical and aesthetic concerns that the approach of the philosopher and the concept of allegory and narrative in Walter Benjamin. The analysis of the novel picks up in the discontinuous and fragmentary account of the narrator, themes like death, memory, old age and language Eulálio, a narrator on his deathbed, whose speech followed the pattern of the more traditional grammar, in order to raise the contrasts between ancient and modern. The concept of allegory, far from following the classical rhetoric implies, in Benjamin's conception, the transplantation of an image, inscribed in a given context, and its insertion into another, that now receive new direction, creating an ambivalent tissue between said and suggestive. This is what happens to the context of a narrator archaic, based on the transmission of authentic experience, when transplanted to the modern context, adverse to narrative art. The results show that the allegorical element, as a method of composing prose Buarque, and assume a character of complaint about the treatment of death and old age in modern plays also a role of preserving the art of giving advice nowadays / Este trabalho oferece uma leitura do romance Leite derramado (2009) de Chico Buarque à luz da teoria narrativa de Walter Benjamin e seu conceito de alegoria. A partir do diagnóstico do filósofo de que a forma tradicional de narrativa, como arte de dar conselhos e transmissibilidade de experiência autêntica, estaria em vias de extinção, o trabalho propõe-se a investigar a possibilidade de sua sobrevivência na contemporaneidade. Para tanto, o estudo percorre dois caminhos paralelos: a fortuna crítica dedicada a Chico Buarque destacando aspectos ético-estéticos que o aproximam das preocupações do filósofo e o conceito de alegoria e narração em Walter Benjamin. A análise do romance recolhe no relato descontínuo e fragmentário do narrador, temas como a morte, a memória, a velhice e a língua de Eulálio, um narrador no leito de morte, cuja fala segue os padrões da gramática mais tradicional, de modo a suscitar os contrastes entre o antigo e o moderno. O conceito de alegoria, longe de seguir a retórica clássica, implica, na concepção benjaminiana, o transplante de uma imagem, inscrita em determinado contexto, e sua inserção em outro, no qual passa a receber novo sentido, gerando um tecido ambivalente entre o dito e o aludido. Tal é o que se dá com o contexto de um narrador arcaico, fundado na transmissão da experiência autêntica, quando transplantado para o contexto moderno, adverso à arte narrativa. Os resultados demonstram que o elemento alegórico, como método composicional da prosa buarqueana, além de assumir um caráter de denúncia sobre o tratamento da morte e da velhice na modernidade, desempenha, também, uma função preservadora da arte de dar conselhos na contemporaneidade

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:22:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Adriana Francisca Souza Pena.pdf: 915057 bytes, checksum: 307687ff81bf78819a09c40ee9083859 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-04-01 / The present work has the aims to bring to light evidences that the relationship between the dominant nation-states, dominated nation-states and human rights is today presented in a distorted way: the sovereign entity that was created to protect the interests of nations, in practice, when acts, does so as an agent of coercion. The situation is that we live in a state of emergency, a state of war in which the military and economic power dominates the world of fear. Using the writings of Walter Benjamin and his notion of Erfahrung (crossing) as well as the critique of mythologem of sovereignty and social contract theory we intend to show the need for behavioral change through education for peace with the aim of forming a culture of peace and not an institutional program that will regulate the war, as occurred with the production of peace treaties and institutions created from them, especially in the period of World War II / O presente trabalho tem como objetivo trazer à luz a evidência de que a relação entre estados-nações dominantes, estados-nações dominados e os direitos humanos está, hoje, apresentada de forma distorcida: o ente soberano que surgiu para tutelar os interesses das nações, na prática, quando atua, o faz como agente de coação. A constatação é a de que vivemos num estado de exceção, num estado de guerra, no qual o poder bélico e econômico domina o mundo do medo. Utilizando o pensamento de Walter Benjamin e a sua noção de Erfahrung (travessia), bem como a crítica ao mitologema da soberania e à teoria do contrato social pretendemos mostrar a necessidade de uma mudança comportamental por meio da educação para a paz, com o objetivo de formar uma cultura para paz e não um programa institucional que normatize a guerra, como ocorreu com a produção dos tratados de paz e as instituições a partir deles criadas, em especial, no período da segunda guerra mundial

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Submitted by Liliane Ferreira (ljuvencia30@gmail.com) on 2018-04-19T11:54:17Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Fernando Ferreira da Silva - 2018.pdf: 1654717 bytes, checksum: 74fc34f20a97fdb6cf5ee975cc6b9c3d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-04-19T12:28:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Fernando Ferreira da Silva - 2018.pdf: 1654717 bytes, checksum: 74fc34f20a97fdb6cf5ee975cc6b9c3d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-19T12:28:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Fernando Ferreira da Silva - 2018.pdf: 1654717 bytes, checksum: 74fc34f20a97fdb6cf5ee975cc6b9c3d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-29 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The present thesis proposes to investigate the aesthetic-philosophical programme developed by Walter Benjamin for the critique of art as outlined in his writings as a youth. The first part of this itinerary consists of the philosopher's doctoral dissertation entitled The Concept of Art Criticism in German Romanticism (Der Begriff der Kunstkritik in der deutschen Romantik). In this work, written between the years 1917 and 1919 and published in 1920, Benjamin reconstructs the concept of art criticism in the German first-romanticism [Frühromantik], according to the art theory of Friedrich Schlegel and Novalis. Although conceived as an analysis of romantic theory, the philosopher’s understanding in the context of his doctoral dissertation approximates the romantic assumptions of his own theoretical positioning, especially with regard to the requirement of objectivity in the task of artwork’s interpretation. At a later point in the essay Goethe's Elective Affinities [Goethes Wahlverwandtschaften], written during 1921 and 1922 and published in two parts in the years 1924 and 1925, Benjamin presents his own conceptual apparatus for the determination of that task, delineating more fully his conception of criticism. This essay is even defined as a philosophical critique of Goethe's novel The Elective Affinities, and thus his theory of art criticism is developed in parallel with the examination of the novel’s elements. Finally, his postdoctoral major academic work (Habilitation), Origin of the German Tragic Drama (Ursprung des deutschen Trauerspiels), written between 1916 and 1925 and published in 1928, presents in its preface a methodology of philosophical investigation directed to the representation (Darstellung) of the truth. As we shall try to show throughout this thesis, Benjamin's procedure for art criticism is characterized by a dialectical movement in which the interpreter delves deeper into the artistic object’s materiality, oscillating between its apparent beauty and its essential truth. Thus, Benjamin's conception of art criticism articulates, on a metaphysical plane, the ideas of truth and beauty, as well as determining the understanding of works of art through their historicity. / A presente dissertação propõe investigar o programa estético-filosófico desenvolvido por Walter Benjamin para a crítica de arte, conforme delineado em seus escritos de juventude. O primeiro momento deste percurso consiste na dissertação de doutoramento do filósofo, intitulada O conceito de crítica de arte no romantismo alemão [Der Begriff der Kunstkritik in der deutschen Romantik]. Nesta obra, escrita entre os anos de 1917 e 1919 e publicada em 1920, Benjamin reconstrói o conceito de crítica de arte do primeiro-romantismo [Frühromantik] alemão, segundo a teoria da arte de Friedrich Schlegel e Novalis. Embora concebido como uma análise da teoria romântica, a leitura efetuada pelo filósofo em sua dissertação de doutoramento aproxima os pressupostos românticos de seu próprio posicionamento teórico, especialmente no que se refere à exigência de objetividade no ofício de interpretação das obras de arte. Num momento posterior, no ensaio As afinidades eletivas de Goethe [Goethes Wahlverwandtschaften], escrito entre 1921 e 1922 e publicado em duas partes nos anos de 1924 e 1925, Benjamin apresenta seu próprio aparato conceitual para a determinação da tarefa de interpretação das obras de arte, delineando de modo mais completo sua concepção de crítica. Este ensaio define-se, inclusive, como uma crítica filosófica ao romance de Goethe, As afinidades eletivas, de modo que sua teoria da crítica de arte é desenvolvida em paralelo com o exame dos elementos do romance. Por fim, a tese de livredocência Origem do drama barroco alemão [Ursprung des deutschen Trauerspiels], elaborada entre 1916 e 1925 e publicada em 1928, traz em seu prefácio uma metodologia de investigação filosófica voltada para a apresentação da verdade. Como procuraremos mostrar ao longo deste trabalho, o procedimento atribuído por Benjamin à crítica de arte caracteriza-se por um movimento dialético, no qual o intérprete aprofunda-se na materialidade do objeto artístico, oscilando entre sua beleza aparente e sua verdade essencial. Desse modo, a concepção de crítica de arte do jovem Benjamin articula, num plano metafísico, as ideias de verdade e beleza, bem como determina a compreensão das obras de arte através de sua historicidade.

Dresden's historic reconstructions bring up questions that reach far beyond the city's new/old Neumarkt district. In this thesis, I would like to take a closer look at the current ideological discourse surrounding the reconstruction of destroyed historic buildings in Dresden and other cities in the former DDR. What seems at first to be a simple culture war between progressive and reactionary city planners is actually, I will argue, a unique historical moment that blurs the dogmatically held ideas of rationality and nostalgia, ornament and function, and high art and kitsch. From the uncanny shadow of a church recently raised from the dead, I will explore the aesthetic and ethical ramifications of the technologically reproduced building.

Syftet med uppsatsen är övergripande att undersöka hur den tekniska mekaniseringen av samhället kommit att påverka synen på konstens och kulturens värde, vilket rört sig från det ursprungliga rituella värdet till dagens ekonomiska bytesvärde. Den undersöker även hur detta kom att påverka synen på människan som subjekt, då det inte enbart är det tekniska som innebär en mekanisering utan även samhällssystemet i sig. För att utröna på vilket sätt detta kunde komma till uttryck redan i början av 1900-talet, då mekaniseringen ännu var tämligen ny, utgår analysen från romanen Kameran går (1915) av Luigi Pirandello vari han låter filmvärlden representera hela den framväxande kulturindustrin. Genom att analysera Kameran går mot bakgrund av den därefter framväxande industrialiseringen och de politiska faktorer som rådde, samt mot teorierna kring kulturindustrin och mekaniseringen framställda av Walter Benjamin och Theodor W. Adorno, har en slående likhet gått att skönja som tyder på att dessa idéer om bland annat naturbehärskning, objektifiering, värdeförlust och kulturindustrin är tydliga redan i mekaniseringens början. De maskiner som skapas för att vara till hjälp tar istället över produktionen och både människan och konsten objektifieras. Eftersom Kameran går är skriven av en dramatiker som står mellan den allvarliga konstens scen, teatern, och den roande kulturindustrin i form av den framväxande filmindustrin ger analysen även en mer subjektiv upplevelse av denna utveckling och därmed en intressant vinkel på konstens betydelse i samhället.

Walter Benjamin, in Thesis IX of his “Theses on the Philosophy of History,” wrote of the angel of history looking back at the past from the now-time of the present moment, at the historical wreckage, a single catastrophe as it were, piling in front of its feet, as it gets pulled forward facing back into the temporality of the future and the space of modernity’s violent excesses, heralded by the promise of apparent progress. As the title to my dissertation suggests, my study begins, following the angel’s look, with these three words, seeing what remains, and as such it is structured around the very nature of this arresting “look back” and that which is being regarded, the ruins, or the remains and remainders that exist after, and in the aftermath of, traumatic loss. Working with and across a variety of mediums, I conduct a series of exegetical studies of recent “texts” – literary, photographic, and cinematic – within which, I argue, this look back figures as central to the concern of how we might understand the simultaneous existence of the forces of remembrance and forgetting, and of mourning and melancholia in memory-work. The various “texts” within which I explore this look back are Anne Michaels’s novel Fugitive Pieces, the photographic series titled Library of Dust by David Maisel, the movies Hiroshima, mon amour by Marguerite Duras and Alain Resnais and Amour by Michael Haneke. I situate my exploration of the enigmatic nature of the look back in these different textual scenes alongside Sigmund Freud’s critical work on transference and transference love and Kaja Silverman’s rigorous expansion of the psychoanalytic objective of the “cure by love.” Here, it is my intention, as such, to work toward and expand on my thesis that this look, of the angel (or the materialist historian or the artist as witness), is a look of redemptive love, both against erasure and against the possibility of invisibility, “to awaken the dead” as it were, so as to address the loss inscribed in historical experiences with catastrophic temporality and to thereby redeem the ethical from within the scene of trauma.

Cette thèse de doctorat fournit une lecture cohérente de la théorie de l'art et de la théorie politique de Walter Benjamin, et elle montre que son idée de sécularisation est décisive. Par la lecture de Critique de la violence, le premier chapitre clarifie la méta-physique du droit selon laquelle dans la modernité, le droit est dialectiquement produit par la violence. Cette production s'appuie sur la sacralisation de la vie en tant que transfert du théologique dans la politique. Ce que veut Benjamin est la rupture de la dialectique de droit et de violence. Il clarifie que toute violence est hantée par sa dissolution lors de son exercice. Le second chapitre clarifie l'indissociabilité de la question du droit et de la question de l'art ou du langage chez Benjamin : dans la modernité, le langage ou l'œuvre d'art devient indissociable de la connaissance, laquelle est le jugement selon une loi extérieure. En refusant la sacralisation romantique de l'œuvre d'art, Benjamin trouve dans le Trauerspiel ce qui finit la dialectique du droit et de la violence. La sécularisation est alors redéfini comme l'exclusion absolue du théologique de la politique. Le troisième chapitre clarifie la vue de Benjamin sur le double mouvement de la modernité : le transfert du théologique dans la politique et l'exclusion du théologique de la politique. Ce que clarifie Benjamin est que l'œuvre d'art moderne est de nature à favoriser cette exclusion et à rendre le transcendant à sa place transcendante. La postmodernité sans le transcendant permet de rencontrer avec le transcendant en tant que l'autre.