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Creative Alternatives examines the intersections between cultural politics, experimental art, and the public sphere in late twentieth century Berlin. The work identifies how artists used interactive visual displays to engage with West Berlin publics, develop democratic subjectivities under state socialism in East Berlin, and reject the city’s neoliberal turn after German unification. The work also traces the role of the arts as an economic motor in late twentieth century Berlin, as city leaders responded to the pressures of globalization and interurban competition. This study of divided and unified Berlin transcends the political ruptures and geographical divisions that structure our understanding of modern Germany and hinder integrated histories of the two German states, even as it addresses issues common to major cities worldwide.

The diploma thesis deals with the depiction of West Berlin in the 1980s in a novel by Sven Regener Herr Lehmann written in 2001, which was published in Czech under the title Ještě jedno, pane Lehmanne. The aim of the thesis is to capture the everyday life and atmosphere of the Kreuzberg district of Berlin just before the fall of the Berlin Wall. Kreuzberg district has been still the center of an alternative cultural scene. In the shadow of the Berlin Wall, this district is famous for its boisterous nightlife, dense network of nightclubs and openness to the world. The thesis follows in the footsteps of the main character Frank Lehmann, called Mr. Lehmann by his friends, because in the novel, he will soon celebrate his thirtieth birthday. In the theoretical part, the thesis firstly deals with "literary space" as an important phenomenon of literary science. This theoretical part is followed by the presentation of the novel itself and its placement in the historical-literary context. The analysis of the novel itself gradually presents the time and scene of the story, the atmosphere of Kreuzberg in the 1980s, the characteristics of the characters and finally the displaying of political events. In its conclusion, the thesis also propose a comparison of the novel with the film adaptation of 2003.

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Die Arbeit erforscht das Politikfeld der Auswanderungspolitik in der DDR zwischen 1949 und 1989 in Form einer Policy-Analyse. Sie untergliedert sich in drei Fragstellungen: Lässt sich eine charakteristisch auswanderungspolitische Kombination von Steuerungsinstrumenten nachweisen? Welche Funktion erfüllten spezifische Policy-Akteure? In welchem Verhältnis standen sie zu den Policy-Phasen? Quellengrundlage ist die Aktenhinterlassenschaft der Ministerien des Inneren und für Staatssicherheit einerseits sowie die Protokolle von Politbüro und Ministerrat andererseits. Untersucht wird die Darstellung des Auswanderungsproblems, der eigenen Handlungsmotive, der Wirksamkeit der Steuerungsinstrumente und anderer Akteure. Die theoretischen Folien für die Politikfeldanalyse sind die Totalitarismustheorie von Carl Friedrich, die Theorie der Coercive Persuasion (Zwangspersuasion) von Edgar Schein, sowie der Begriff des Eigen-Sinn von Alf Lüdtke. Die Arbeit legt ihren innovativen Schwerpunkt auf das Steuerungsinstrument der „Einzelpersuasion“. Damit ist der hier als totalitär qualifizierte Aufwand gemeint, mit dem das Regime versuchte, die Abwanderung durch individuelles Zureden in den Griff zu bekommen. Die Arbeit zeigt, dass während der gesamten SED-Herrschaft ein spezifisches Set weiterer Steuerungsinstrumente – im Sinne der Theorie der Zwangspersuasion – zur Unterstützung der Einzelpersuasion eingesetzt wurden. Dazu gehörten die berühmt gewordenen auswanderungspolitischen Instrumente des Zwangs wie Berliner Mauer, Schießbefehl und Republikflucht-Paragraph einerseits und der negativen Anreize durch die Diskriminierung von Auswanderungswilligen andererseits. Policy-Zyklen werden mit den Zäsuren in den Jahren 1952, 1953, 1958, 1961, 1975 und 1989 identifiziert. Mit Blick auf die Einflussnahme diverser auswärtiger Akteure auf die Policyphase des Agendasetting für die Auswanderungspolitik wird eine auswanderungspolitische DDR-Außenpolitik identifiziert. / The dissertation explores the emigration policy in the GDR between 1949 and 1989 by means of a policy analysis. It breaks down into three questions: Is it possible to detect a characteristic set of emigration policy instruments? Which policy actors can be identified and what was their relevance in specific policy phases during the policy process? The policy history is examined through an archival analysis based on the huge body of files left over from the ministries of internal affairs and state security as well as minutes from Politbureau and Council of Ministers. The study examines the presentation and perception of the emigration problem, the subjective motives, the effectiveness of policy instruments and the perception of other players. This policy analysis is based on several theories – Carl Friedrich’s Totalitarianism, Edgar Schein’s Coercive Persuasion and Alf Lüdtke’s Eigen-Sinn. The study’s innovative emphasis lies on the policy instrument of „Einzelpersuasion“ (individual persuasion). This refers to the totalitarian effort with which the regime tried to prevent emigration attempts by personal cajolery. The study will show that during the entire SED rule a specific set of additional policy instruments were used to support the individual persuasion according to the theory of Coercive Persuasion. These included on the one hand the infamous coercive emigration policy instruments such as the Berlin Wall, the shoot-on-sight order and the criminal provisions for Republikflucht (escaping GDR). On the other hand, there were always negative incentive instruments discriminating against people intending to emigrate. Policy cycles with remarkable policy reformulation are identified in 1952, 1953, 1958, 1961 with the Berlin Wall, 1975 and 1989. Referring to the influence of various foreign actors on the policy phase of agenda setting for emigration policy the study identifies an “emigration-driven foreign policy”.