Sustainable urban design requires human wellbeing to be prioritized, considering all human senses (Torigoe, 2002). Sound, which is often overlooked in the municipalities planning offices, affects health in both positive and negative manner. The general approach for handling sounds in cities are through quantitative measurements such as noise abatements and decibel measurements, while the qualitative visual and audial perception; also known as psychoacoustics, is disregarded (Raimbault & Dubois, 2005; Steele et al., 2020; Cerwén, 2016). Research also show that urbanisation decreases pleasant sounds to the human ear(Steele et al., 2020; Beatly, 2012), and some scholars argue that people are losing their skill to identify and name what they are hearing (Schafer, 1994 & Westerkamp, 1974). In this thesis the Western harbour area in Malmö, flagged as exemplary sustainable urban development model, has been using soundscape methodology of soundwalks to contribute to a better understanding of sound perception and the functions of the identified sounds. The Western harbour has previously had troubles getting BREEAM-certifications in the past due to noise(ÅF, 2013), and previous surveys by the Malmö municipality present that the wind is a large unpleasant factor to both residents and visitors’ perception of the area (Kristensson, 2013).The results show similarities to presented studies, for example with birdsong being identified as a pleasant sound whilst traffic being an unpleasant sound. Moreover, most identified sounds by the soundwalk respondents were loud and intense, indicating a lack of listening to less-intense, more quiet sounds. The thesis show that qualitative soundscape methodologies can highlight further dimensions of sound beyond decibel levels, positions sound as a central dimension of sense of place. The thesis provides suggestions for the municipality to have updated information and state what sound actions is being made in each area in the city to include sound and acoustic wellbeing as a central dimension of their sustainable urban development, in order to be able to reach their own goal of having all stakeholders working in the same direction. Along with the fact that the Swedish noise abatement law’s approach is preventative, but does not include the aspect of social change in a space after it is built (Kling, 2013; Malmö comprehensive plan, 2013; Dalman, 2013), since the city of Malmö have grown quickly and is still facing a rapid expansion in demographics (SCB, 2021), as Raimbault & Dubois (2005) argue, denser cities are more noisy.

Thesis (M. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 1993. / "Workshop report." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 150-156).

Thesis (M.B.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 1996. / Includes bibliographical references (leaf 177-178).

Redeveloping centrally located waterfronts took of properly in the late 1990’s. Before that, the old brownfields were left untouched for years, often resulting in the connection between them and the city centre worsening. The thesis aims to explore strategies and approaches for waterfront developments. This was done by analysing the strategies used whilst planning the following three sites; Västra Hamnen in Malmö, Nordhavn in Copenhagen and Cardiff Bay in Cardiff. In addition to this, a waterfront site in Gothenburg was chosen and used to put the theoretical discoveries into practice. The theoretical foundation is made up of a literature and document study, where the three case studies and the designated site acted as the main topics of research along with general information about waterfronts and architectural and cultural heritage. The case studies were analysed using a combination of field studies and a literature study. A matrix consisting of ten columns and four rows was created and used as a base for analysing the approaches of the three cities. The site analysis was done with the help of a document study and field study. Both field studies were executed using the method of walk-throughs. The thesis resulted in six suggestions for future actions when redeveloping waterfronts as well as an urban framework proposal. The results are meant to work as a basis for future projects. / Utvecklingen av centralt belägna hamnområden tog fart ordentligt under det sena 1990-talet. De gamla industriområdena hade innan dess inte prioriterats, något som ofta resulterade i att förbindelserna mellan dem och stadskärnan försämrades. Syftet med uppsatsen är att utforska strategier och tillvägagångssätt som används vid utveckling av hamnområden. Detta gjordes genom att analysera de strategier som använts under planeringsfasen av tre olika stadsdelar; Västra Hamnen i Malmö, Nordhavn i Köpenhamn och Cardiff Bay i Cardiff. Utöver detta valdes ett hamnområde ut i Göteborg som användes för att använda den teoretiska informationen i praktiken. Den teoretiska basen är uppbyggd av en litteratur- och dokumentstudie, där de tre stadsdelarna och den utvalda projektplatsen figurerade som de huvudsakliga forskningsobjekten, tillsammans med generell information om vattennära områden tillsammans med arkitektoniskt och kulturellt arv. De tre stadsdelarna analyserades med hjälp av fältstudier i kombination med en litteraturstudie. En matris med 10 olika teman skapades även för att bättre utforska dem. Analysen av projektplatsen genomfördes även den med hjälp av en dokumentstudie och fältstudier. Alla fältstudierna genomfördes genom att följa metoden för gåturer. Forskningen resulterade i framtagningen av sex stycken förslag på framtida åtgärder vid förnyelse av hamnmiljöer tillsammans med ett förslag för en urban struktur för Gullbergsvass. Resultaten är tänkta att användas som bas för fortsatta studier.

Urbana områden har formats efter den bilnorm som råder i modern tid. Detta har belastat miljön och medfört att städer idag står inför det stora arbetet att ställa om till hållbara samhällen. Hållbara mobilitetslösningar har blivit ett aktuellt ämne som följd av denna problematik. Viktiga aktörer i arbetet med åtgärder för hållbar urban mobilitet är fastighetsutvecklare. Syftet med studien är att undersöka fastighetsutvecklares roll i arbetet med hållbart resande vid uppbyggnaden av en ny stadsdel. Tre områden i Västra Hamnen i Malmö har bedömts relevanta och fungerar som fallstudier. Med hjälp av teorier kring ämnet hållbar urban mobilitet samt semistrukturerade intervjuer och dokumentanalys har frågeställningarna undersökts och diskuterats. Studiens slutsatser visar att fastighetsutvecklare har en betydande roll i implementeringen av hållbar mobilitet vid nybyggnation. Vidare identifieras parkeringsnormen som ett viktigt verktyg. Studien belyser vidare vikten av åtgärder för beteendeförändring, samt planering anpassad för målgrupp. / Urban areas are shaped after the existing automobile dependency in modern time. This has burdened the environment and resulted in a need for cities to evolve into sustainable places. Sustainable mobility measures have become an urgent matter as a result of this problem. An important actor in the work with mobility measures for a sustainable urban mobility are developers. The purpose of this study is to examine developers’ role in the work with sustainable travel when a new city area is under development. Three areas in the Western Harbour in Malmö have been deemed relevant as case studies. Theories about sustainable urban mobility together with semi-structured interviews and document analyses served to examine and discuss the formulated questions. The conclusions of the study show that developers have a prominent role in the implementation of sustainable mobility in new city areas. Furthermore, the parking standards are identified as an important tool. The study illuminates the importance of measures for behavioral changes as well as planning for a targeted group

Denna uppsats utgör en explorativ fallstudie om certifieringssystemet BREEAM Communities och dess möjlighet att fungera som ett verktyg för svenska kommuner i plan- och exploateringsprocesser. Sedan ett par år tillbaka pågår de första projekten i Sverige där BREEAM Communities används. Företagen Diligentia och PEAB var först ut att använda verktyget vid utvecklingen av sina stadsdelar Masthusen och Varvsstaden i Västra Hamnen i Malmö. Uppsatsen utgörs i första hand av en kvalitativ intervjustudie med anställda vid Diligentia, PEAB och Malmö Stad, vilken genomfördes våren 2012. Studien kompletterades med två intervjuer med anställda vid Norrköpings kommun, detta eftersom Norrköpings kommun vid tidpunkten för intervjuerna, övervägde en användning av certifieringssystemet vid utvecklingen av stadsdelen Saltängen. Intervjustudien tar utgångspunkt i intervjupersonernas erfarenheter och tankar kring BREEAM Communities’ inverkan på arbetsprocessen och vilka hållbarhetsaspekter som hanteras inom de två projekten i Västra Hamnen. Därefter diskuteras om och hur en kommun skulle kunna använda verktyget i stadsutvecklingsprojekt. I Västra Hamnen kom initiativet att använda BREEAM Communities från de privata markägarna. Dessa uppger att verktyget fungerat som ett stöd i hanteringen av hållbarhetsaspekter i de pågående projekten. Uppsatsen pekar på att BREEAM Communities också kan bidra med fördelar i kommunala plan- och exploateringsprocesser. Vid dessa processer har verktyget potential att fungera som ett stöd och ge inspiration för att integrera hållbarhetsaspekter. Verktygets tillämpbarhet har påverkats av att det är ett relativt nytt verktyg som utvecklas kontinuerligt. Under hösten 2012 lanserades en omarbetad version av verktyget med ett nytt och förenklat upplägg. Utveckling av BREEAM Communities och det faktum att Sweden Green Building Council avser att svenskanpassa och översätta manualen kommer underlätta användningen framöver, oavsett om verktyget används i syfte att certifiera ett stadsutvecklingsprojekt eller endast som stöd och inspiration. / The study aims to explore BREEAM Communities’ potential to be used as a tool within municipal planning in Sweden. Since a few years BREEAM Communities is being applied in two development projects in the Western Harbour in Malmö. The use of the tool was initiated by the private landowners Diligentia and PEAB for the development of Masthusen and Varvstaden. By qualitative interviews with employees at Diligentia, PEAB and Malmö Municipality the experiences of using the tool are being explored. The interviews took place during the spring 2012 and focus on BREEAM Communities’ impacts on the process and the sustainability issues being addressed within the projects, followed by a discussion on the possibilities for a municipality to use BREEAM Communities. Additional interviews with civil servants at Norrköping Municipality gave supplementary perspectives on the possibilities to use BREEAM Communities as a tool within urban planning. Likewise the private landowners express that BREEEAM Communities has been a tool for addressing and integrating sustainability aspects in the development of Masthusen and Varvsstaden, this study indicates that BREEAM Communities has potential to benefit in municipal urban planning. The tool has potential to provide support and inspiration to integrate sustainability aspects from an early stage throughout the process. BREEAM Communities is a rather new tool, and it is continuously developing which has impacts on its applicability. In 2012 a new, simplified and more streamlined scheme was launched. The development of the scheme and the fact that Sweden Green Building Council will make a Swedish adjustment and translation of BREEAM Communities the will simplify the use of tool significantly.

This study examines the concept of sustainable lifestyles. It is concluded that the concept of sustainable lifestyles is derived from the bigger term sustainable development and that the concept sustainable lifestyles exists as an antipode to unsustainable lifestyles. Sustainable lifestyles are still a new concept within the academic field of urban planning and design and some confusion regarding the definition remains. Three case studies were made investigating urban planning for sustainable lifestyles. The sites were Houthaven in Amsterdam, Netherlands, Royal Seaport in Stockholm Sweden and Western Harbour in Malmö, Sweden. Urban planning for sustainable lifestyles was explicitly carried out in the Royal Seaport, in the other two cases the concept of sustainability was approached more generally but nonetheless the methods used were quite similar in all three cases. How people in the society of today are seen as responsible for e.g. buying ecological food, driving ecological vehicles and living a sustainable lifestyle, are analysed through the approaches of governmentality and biopower. There has been a shift from a centralised governing of sustainability implementations to a decentralised one where the individual responsibility stands in focus. There are different views of what a sustainable behaviour and lifestyle could incorporate. According to the technocentric approach, technical solutions to environmental problems are sufficient, but according to the ecocentric approach, behavioural changes are needed in order to obtain sustainability. This has implications for the planning of sustainable lifestyles. In some cases technical solutions are favoured in front of behavioural ones and the other way around. The two tracks of understanding leads to two different pathways of sustainability and a need to recognize and comprehend the differences are crucial in planning for sustainable lifestyles. Sustainable behaviour and habits relate to actions, which e.g. minimizes the use of natural resources or incorporates the switch from an unsustainable habit to a sustainable one. Sustainable behaviour is often referred to as pro-environmental behaviour and circles around consumption. There are several ways of replacing unsustainable habits with sustainable ones discussed in this study. / <p>email: bratel@kth.se</p>