O propósito deste trabalho é identificar, através da investigação de estudo de caso, como as características culturais melhor se relacionam a cada um dos princípios do TQM. Nas últimas décadas, a gestão da qualidade passou por uma mudança singular. Pela primeira vez, a diretoria executiva das empresas começou a demonstrar interesse por esta matéria. Sob o título de Total Quality Management (TQM), a gestão da qualidade passou a apresentar importância estratégica para as organizações. Como consequência, princípios gerenciais integraram a gestão da qualidade aumentando a relevância da Cultura Organizacional. Entretanto, apesar do reconhecimento acerca da importância do papel da Cultura Organizacional, faltam estudos que examinem profundamente os relacionamentos existentes entre Cultura Organizacional e gestão da qualidade. A partir de uma revisão sistemática sobre a interface entre gestão da qualidade e Cultura Organizacional foram identificadas como as abordagens mais utilizadas o Competing Values Framework (CVF) e as Dimensões Culturais de Hofstede. Desse modo, foi estabelecido o estudo de caso como procedimento técnico de abordagem qualitativa, a fim de buscar por resultados aprofundados. Como resultado foram constatadas divergências a partir comparações das Dimensões Culturais entre os ambientes escritório/fábrica e os quatro níveis hierárquicos. Evidenciando a existência de subculturas na empresa. Por fim, apresentou-se os relacionamentos observados entre cada um dos sete princípios do TQM e as Dimensões Culturais. Este trabalho contribui para propor novas perspectivas e insights a fim de elucidar as relações entre cultura e gestão da qualidade. / The purpose of this study is to indentify, through case study research, how cultural characteristics relate to each of TQM elements. In the last decades quality management went through a singular change, for the first time the executive board began to demonstrate concern about this quality. Under the title of Total Quality Management (TQM) the quality management started to present strategic importance for organizations. As a consequence, managerial elements became part of quality management, increasing the organizational culture relevance. Nevertheless, despite the knowledge about the importance of organizational culture role, there are few studies that examine deeply the links between organizational culture and quality management. From a systematic review on the interface between quality management and organizational culture we identified that Competing Values Framework (CVF) and Hofstede\'s cultural dimensions are the most common methods. Thereby, the case study was established as a technical procedure of qualitative approach, in order to search deeper results. As a result differences were found on Cultural Dimensions comparisons between office/factory environments and four hierarchical levels. Evidencing the subcultures existence at the company. Finally, the relationships observed between each of the seven TQM principles and the Cultural Dimensions were presented. This research contributes to propose new perspectives and insights in order to elucidate the relationship between culture and quality management.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T20:20:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Neofita Maria de Oliveira.pdf: 1295054 bytes, checksum: 8644cf0a896d9156901a893b57cc3391 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-06-09 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / We have seen gradually from the 1980s, replacing the model of organization of work processes based on mass production (Taylorismo / Fordismo) through model for flexible manufacturing (Toyota). Due to these changes, there is a strong demand for innovative enterprises by workers with a professional attitude associated with sensitivity to the visionary eye and natural predisposition towards their learning. Understanding this reality is our intention in this study, having as the problematic inclusion of youth in the labor market in the city of Mossoró (RN), seeking to understand if the professional training and technology of youngsters, egress from IFRN and SENAI meet market requirements work, leading them to compete vigorously and with chances of employment within various geographic locations. One segment that stood out in the productive process of Mossoró (RN) and the region was the increasing oil activity, which has become a raw material of major importance to the economic development of Brazil and local, ensuring the facilities of oil exploration, natural gas and has contributed significantly to oil exploration companies and services provided to Petrobrás were installed in Mossoró, including multinationals such as Schlumberger and Halliburton that are companies seeking highly qualified professionals to act on them. These facilities collaborated to create new businesses in the region and expanded the conditions for insertion in the employment of young graduates of IFRN and SENAI. The analysis of this problem will be effective to a study consisting of semi-structured interviews with the public that belong in the list of employees graduates in the IFRN and SENAI, students, teachers and principals of the selected companies. We hope reaffirm our hypothesis and to progress on further study of the Work Sociology in the field of professional qualification in the globalized labor world. We will have in the studies developed by Marx, Braverman, Coriat, Friedmann, Naville and Zarifian the theoretical basis of our investigations. Besides studies of national authors who have developed significant research on the proposed theme / Assistimos gradativamente, a partir dos anos de 1980, a substituição do modelo de organização dos processos de trabalho com base na produção em massa (taylorismo/fordismo) pelo modelo de produção flexível (toyotismo). Em decorrência dessas transformações, surge uma forte exigência das empresas inovadoras por trabalhadores com uma postura profissional associada à sensibilidade, ao olhar visionário e natural pré-disposição para com a sua aprendizagem. Compreender essa realidade é a nossa intensão nesse estudo, tendo como problemática a inserção dos jovens no mercado de trabalho na cidade de Mossoró (RN), procurando entender se a formação profissional e tecnológica dos jovens, egressos do IFRN e SENAI atendem as exigências do mercado de trabalho, levando-os a competir acirradamente e com changes de empregabilidade nas diversas localidades geográficas. Um dos segmentos que se destacaram no processo produtivo de Mossoró (RN) e região foi a crescente atividade petrolífera, que tornou-se uma matéria-prima de relevante importância para o desenvolvimento econômico do Brasil e local e possibilitou as instalações de exploração de petróleo e gás natural, além de ter e contribuído significativamente para que empresas de exploração petrolífera e de serviços prestados a Petrobrás fossem instaladas em Mossoró. Esse cenário colaborou para criação de novos ramos de negócios na região e ampliou as condições de inserção no mercado de emprego dos jovens egressos do IFRN e SENAI. A análise dessa problemática foi efetivada com um estudo composto por entrevistas semi-estruturadas com o público pertencente ao quadro de trabalhadores egressos do IFRN e SENAI, alunos, professores e diretores das empresas selecionadas

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T14:53:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Neofita Maria de Oliveira.pdf: 1295054 bytes, checksum: 8644cf0a896d9156901a893b57cc3391 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-06-09 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / We have seen gradually from the 1980s, replacing the model of organization of work processes based on mass production (Taylorismo / Fordismo) through model for flexible manufacturing (Toyota). Due to these changes, there is a strong demand for innovative enterprises by workers with a professional attitude associated with sensitivity to the visionary eye and natural predisposition towards their learning. Understanding this reality is our intention in this study, having as the problematic inclusion of youth in the labor market in the city of Mossoró (RN), seeking to understand if the professional training and technology of youngsters, egress from IFRN and SENAI meet market requirements work, leading them to compete vigorously and with chances of employment within various geographic locations. One segment that stood out in the productive process of Mossoró (RN) and the region was the increasing oil activity, which has become a raw material of major importance to the economic development of Brazil and local, ensuring the facilities of oil exploration, natural gas and has contributed significantly to oil exploration companies and services provided to Petrobrás were installed in Mossoró, including multinationals such as Schlumberger and Halliburton that are companies seeking highly qualified professionals to act on them. These facilities collaborated to create new businesses in the region and expanded the conditions for insertion in the employment of young graduates of IFRN and SENAI. The analysis of this problem will be effective to a study consisting of semi-structured interviews with the public that belong in the list of employees graduates in the IFRN and SENAI, students, teachers and principals of the selected companies. We hope reaffirm our hypothesis and to progress on further study of the Work Sociology in the field of professional qualification in the globalized labor world. We will have in the studies developed by Marx, Braverman, Coriat, Friedmann, Naville and Zarifian the theoretical basis of our investigations. Besides studies of national authors who have developed significant research on the proposed theme / Assistimos gradativamente, a partir dos anos de 1980, a substituição do modelo de organização dos processos de trabalho com base na produção em massa (taylorismo/fordismo) pelo modelo de produção flexível (toyotismo). Em decorrência dessas transformações, surge uma forte exigência das empresas inovadoras por trabalhadores com uma postura profissional associada à sensibilidade, ao olhar visionário e natural pré-disposição para com a sua aprendizagem. Compreender essa realidade é a nossa intensão nesse estudo, tendo como problemática a inserção dos jovens no mercado de trabalho na cidade de Mossoró (RN), procurando entender se a formação profissional e tecnológica dos jovens, egressos do IFRN e SENAI atendem as exigências do mercado de trabalho, levando-os a competir acirradamente e com changes de empregabilidade nas diversas localidades geográficas. Um dos segmentos que se destacaram no processo produtivo de Mossoró (RN) e região foi a crescente atividade petrolífera, que tornou-se uma matéria-prima de relevante importância para o desenvolvimento econômico do Brasil e local e possibilitou as instalações de exploração de petróleo e gás natural, além de ter e contribuído significativamente para que empresas de exploração petrolífera e de serviços prestados a Petrobrás fossem instaladas em Mossoró. Esse cenário colaborou para criação de novos ramos de negócios na região e ampliou as condições de inserção no mercado de emprego dos jovens egressos do IFRN e SENAI. A análise dessa problemática foi efetivada com um estudo composto por entrevistas semi-estruturadas com o público pertencente ao quadro de trabalhadores egressos do IFRN e SENAI, alunos, professores e diretores das empresas selecionadas

A gestão da Cadeia de Suprimentos (SCM) é hoje parte essencial do nosso dia a dia. Ela tem uma influência crescente sobre um grande número de atividades humanas e econômicas e, portanto, é um assunto crítico para a indústria e para a academia. Existe a necessidade de se entender como as pessoas podem ajudar no sucesso da Cadeia de Suprimentos. No entanto, há uma escassez de investigações empíricas das contribuições das variáveis humanas, em especial a cultura, para a Integração da Cadeia de Suprimentos (SCI). Este trabalho tem por objetivo investigar as relações entre as dimensões culturais e a SCI por meio de um estudo de caso exploratório em uma empresa do setor aeronáutico brasileiro. Estabeleceram-se considerações teóricas que determinadas práticas organizacionais contribuiriam para a maior integração de uma Cadeia de Suprimentos genérica (orientação a resultado, orientação a funcionário, sistema aberto, controle frouxo de trabalho, profissionalismo e pragmatismo) o que foi constatado na investigação empírica. Além disso, levou-se em conta a influência da cultura brasileira sobre as práticas organizacionais, de forma que a alta distância do poder e alta aversão à incerteza, por exemplo, dificultariam a orientação a resultado e de sistema aberto, enquanto o alto coletivismo e a relativa feminilidade facilitariam a orientação a funcionário e controle de trabalho frouxo. Este trabalho contribui para propor novas perspectivas e insights que possam levar ao aprofundamento dos estudos das relações entre a cultura e a Cadeia de Suprimentos, além da consideração de aspectos culturais locais no estudo das práticas gerenciais. / The Supply Chain management (SCM) is an essential part of our daily lives. It has a growing influence on a large number of human and economic activities and therefore is a critical issue for the industry and the academy. There is a need to understand how people can help the effectiveness of Supply Chain, however, there is a lack of empirical investigations of the human variables contributions, especially culture, for the Supply Chain Integration (SCI). This work aims to investigate the relations between cultural dimensions and SCI through an exploratory case study in a company in the aeronautical industry. Theoretical considerations were settled in which certain organizational practices contribute to the further integration of a generic Supply Chain (result orientation, employee orientation, open system, loose work control, professionalism and pragmatism) which was corroborated in the empirical research. In addition, we took into account the influence of Brazilian culture on organizational practices so that high power distance and high uncertainty avoidance, for example, hinder the results orientation and an open system, while the high collectivism and the relative femininity facilitate the employee orientation and the loose work control. This work contributes to propose new perspectives and insights that may lead to deeper studies of the relationship between culture and the Supply Chain, beyond the consideration of local cultural aspects in the study of management practices.

Investigou-se a presença de assédio moral no trabalho e suas inter-relações com dimensão psicossocial, bem-estar e adaptação psicossocial positiva. As bases teóricas compreenderam: Abordagem Ecológica, Saúde Mental e Trabalho e Psicologia Positiva. No Estudo I, participaram 598 bancários, que responderam questionário biosociodemográfico e laboral, Questionário de Atos Negativos, Job Content Questionnaire, Medidas de Bem-Estar no Trabalho e Escala de Adaptação Psicossocial Positiva. Os dados foram submetidos a estatísticas descritivas, exploratórias e inferenciais. No Estudo II, realizaram-se 4 estudos de casos, e os dados submetidos à análise de conteúdo. Houve alta prevalência de assédio moral e associação com baixo controle, altas demandas, baixo apoio e alta insegurança no emprego. Os níveis de bem-estar no trabalho foram menores para as vítimas. Diferentes fontes de dados (incidência, correlações, preditores e vivências concretas de trabalhadores) indicaram transições ecológicas entre os papéis de vítima, testemunha e agressor e natureza principalmente organizacional do fenômeno. / The aim of this study was to investigate workplace bullying and its relations to psychosocial dimension, well-being and positive psychosocial adaptation. Theoretical basis comprehended: Ecological Theory, Work and Mental Health and Positive Psychology. In the first study, 598 banking workers answered demographic and labor questionnaire, Negative Acts Questionnaire, Job Content Questionnaire, Measurements of Well-Being at Work and Positive Psychosocial Adaptation scale. Data were submitted to descriptive, exploratory and inferential statistics. In the second study, 4 multiple case studies were conducted. Data were submitted to qualitative content analysis. The prevalence of workplace bullying was high. It was observed association with low control, high demands, low social support and high job insecurity. The taxes of well-being at work were lower for the victims. Different data resources (incidence, correlations, predictors and concrete experiences of worker) indicate ecological transitions among victims, observers and perpetrators, as well as a mainly organizational nature of workplace bullying.

A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo compreender o cotidiano de trabalho de vendedoras e vendedores ambulantes da rua Teodoro Sampaio, localizada na cidade de São Paulo, através da perspectiva dos processos organizativos, considerando a forma através da qual o trabalho é pensado e realizado na prática diária das pessoas. Foi utilizada a abordagem qualitativa, a partir da realização de entrevistas compreensivas e incursões a campo, momento no qual a pesquisadora interagiu com as/os vendedoras/es da região e pôde observar seus cotidianos de trabalho. As entrevistas e interações tomaram como referência o ponto de vista das trabalhadoras e dos trabalhadores, atentando para suas vivências e percepções. Os resultados enfatizaram o caráter relacional da experiência de trabalho, que precisa ser analisada levando-se em consideração outras dimensões e relacionamentos da vida de cada pessoa, bem como o contexto social, cultural e econômico mais amplo, o que evidencia a importância das múltiplas redes de sociabilidade para a atividade de trabalho. Contrariamente ao que se depreende da palavra informalidade, este tipo de comércio possui normas, objetivos e modos de organização próprios, que envolvem desde a escolha dos produtos a serem vendidos, do local que estes serão comprados e do ponto em que será realizada a venda até as múltiplas formas de atrair a clientela a exemplo do uso de bordões ou das frequentes negociações por descontos. Assim, evidencia-se que qualidades como organização e planejamento não se restringem a gestoras/es de empresas: ao contrário, são características humanas, utilizadas com bastante frequência por trabalhadoras e trabalhadores que se mostram capazes, portanto, de gerir seu próprio trabalho. As formas organização do trabalho foram marcadas pela inventividade e heterogeneidade das práticas e arranjos possíveis, haja vista que cada ambulante faz suas escolhas levando em consideração a forma como o trabalho se articula com outras esferas da sua vida e tomando como base suas experiências cotidianas. Destacaram-se, ainda, diferenças entre mulheres e homens na organização de suas rotinas de trabalho: as primeiras têm jornadas mais flexíveis, sobretudo em decorrência da necessidade de se conciliar o trabalho fora de casa com o trabalho doméstico e/ou o cuidado com familiares / This study aims to understand the work of street vendors of Teodoro Sampaio street, in the city of São Paulo, focusing on the everyday processes that organize work in peoples lives. To this end, a qualitative approach was used, combining comprehensive interviews and incursions into this street when the researcher interacted with street vendors and observed their daily work lives. The interviews and other interactions emphasized the workers experiences and perceptions. The results point to the idea of work as a relational experience. Therefore, understanding peoples work lives requires considering that work is embedded in multiple relational contexts, which underlines the importance of the social networks related to the work activity. Moreover, the results also led to the acknowledgement that this kind of work has its own norms, goals and forms of organization. The processes that organize work involve the choice of the suppliers and products to be sold, as well as the multiple ways to attract and loyalize costumers such as catchphrases and frequent discount negotiations. Thus, qualities such as organization and planning are not restricted to company managers: they are, in fact, human qualities used regularly by street vendors which are capable of managing their own daily work routines. The forms of work organization are marked by the inventivity and heterogeneity of practices and arrangements, given that each street vendor makes their own choices taking into account the relation between work and other life domains, as well as their daily experiences. It was also possible to observe a difference between women and men regarding their daily work routines: women had more flexible routines than men, especially due to the need to conciliate the work in the streets with the domestic work and the care for family members

<p>Ongoing structural and financial changes in the health care sector have resulted in increased risks for ethical dilemmas and moral distress. It is purported that increased ethical competence will help staff manage ethical dilemmas and hence decrease moral distress. To enhance ethical competence several approaches may be used – theoretical education, and methods focusing on reflection and decision-making abilities.</p><p>Ethics rounds are a widespread systematic method hypothesized to improve ethical competence, nurture a reflective climate, and help in ethical decision-making. Despite its popularity, its effects on moral distress have hitherto never been evaluated in a controlled study.</p><p>The purpose of this thesis was to evaluate the impact of an intervention, including ethics rounds; the hypothesis being that the intervention would decrease perceived moral distress. An additional aim was exploring the concept of moral distress in various health care establishments, including pharmacies.</p><p>Focus groups were conducted to explore the concept of moral distress. To evaluate the intervention a scale assessing staff-perceived moral distress was designed, validated, and implemented.</p><p>Results showed that moral distress is evident in diverse health care settings. Some factors associated with this were lack of resources, conflicts of interest, and rules that are incompatible with practice. An expanded definition of moral distress was presented.</p><p>The training program was much appreciated by participants. However, no significant effects on perceived moral distress were found. Reasons could be that the intervention was too short or otherwise ineffective, there is no association between ethical competence and moral distress, the assessment scale was not sensitive enough, or management was not sufficiently involved.</p><p>There is a need to further refine the various aspects of ethical dilemmas in clinical settings, and to evaluate the most efficient means to enhance skills for dealing with ethical dilemmas, for the benefit of staff, patients, institutions, and society.</p>

This bachelor thesis looks at the organization of the production of chainsaws in three different Husqvarna AB plants; one in Sweden, one in Brazil and one in the USA. The field of production organization carries the mark of men like Adam Smith, Frederick Taylor and Henry Ford, and it is with reference to the approaches of these men, and others, that we ask how Husqvarna AB organizes its production of chainsaws. We found that production in the Swedish plant consisted of a worker philosophy influenced by the “group thinking” that was prominent in Sweden in the 1970s, coupled with a production philosophy sharing many traits with Ford’s mass production while incorporating elements of lean production. The production lines in Brazil are identical to the newer lines in the Swedish plant. The differences are fewer influences from “group” approaches such as the socio-technical view. The US plant provides a sharp contrast to the other two. It produces saws for the consumer market and not the professional market. Quality and longevity demands are radically different, which enables for another production approach to be used. With simple operations and very short times at each work station, the US plant is not many steps away from Ford’s mass production approach. / Denna kandidatuppsats studerar produktionsorganisationen inom Husqvarna AB:s motorsågstillverkning i tre olika fabriker; en i Sverige, en i Brasilien och en i USA. Området produktionsorganisation är influerat av män som Adam Smith, Frederick Taylor och Henry Ford, och det är i ljuset av bland annat dessas bidrag som vi frågar oss hur Huskvarna organiserar sin produktion. Vi fann att den svenska fabriken var en kombination mellan ”grupptänkandet” som aktualiserades i Sverige på 1970-talet, särskilt med avseende på arbetarna, och ett produktionssätt som i många delar är massproduktion av Fordiskt snitt som allt mer går emot lean production. De brasilianska produktionsbanorna är identiska med de nyare svenska. Skillnaderna ligger i arbetarnas roller, då den brasilianska fabriken bär färre tecken på att vara inspirerat av grupptänkandet i till exempel det socio-tekniska synsättet. Den amerikanska fabriken står i skarp kontrast till de övriga två. Den producerar för konsumentmarknaden och inte för den professionella marknaden. Lägre kvalitets- och livslängdskrav tillåter ett annat produktionssätt. Den amerikanska fabriken har många likheter med Fordisk massproduktion, med enkla handgrepp och mycket korta tider vid varje station.

Ongoing structural and financial changes in the health care sector have resulted in increased risks for ethical dilemmas and moral distress. It is purported that increased ethical competence will help staff manage ethical dilemmas and hence decrease moral distress. To enhance ethical competence several approaches may be used – theoretical education, and methods focusing on reflection and decision-making abilities. Ethics rounds are a widespread systematic method hypothesized to improve ethical competence, nurture a reflective climate, and help in ethical decision-making. Despite its popularity, its effects on moral distress have hitherto never been evaluated in a controlled study. The purpose of this thesis was to evaluate the impact of an intervention, including ethics rounds; the hypothesis being that the intervention would decrease perceived moral distress. An additional aim was exploring the concept of moral distress in various health care establishments, including pharmacies. Focus groups were conducted to explore the concept of moral distress. To evaluate the intervention a scale assessing staff-perceived moral distress was designed, validated, and implemented. Results showed that moral distress is evident in diverse health care settings. Some factors associated with this were lack of resources, conflicts of interest, and rules that are incompatible with practice. An expanded definition of moral distress was presented. The training program was much appreciated by participants. However, no significant effects on perceived moral distress were found. Reasons could be that the intervention was too short or otherwise ineffective, there is no association between ethical competence and moral distress, the assessment scale was not sensitive enough, or management was not sufficiently involved. There is a need to further refine the various aspects of ethical dilemmas in clinical settings, and to evaluate the most efficient means to enhance skills for dealing with ethical dilemmas, for the benefit of staff, patients, institutions, and society.

<p>This bachelor thesis looks at the organization of the production of chainsaws in three different Husqvarna AB plants; one in Sweden, one in Brazil and one in the USA. The field of production organization carries the mark of men like Adam Smith, Frederick Taylor and Henry Ford, and it is with reference to the approaches of these men, and others, that we ask how Husqvarna AB organizes its production of chainsaws.</p><p>We found that production in the Swedish plant consisted of a worker philosophy influenced by the “group thinking” that was prominent in Sweden in the 1970s, coupled with a production philosophy sharing many traits with Ford’s mass production while incorporating elements of lean production. The production lines in Brazil are identical to the newer lines in the Swedish plant. The differences are fewer influences from “group” approaches such as the socio-technical view. The US plant provides a sharp contrast to the other two. It produces saws for the consumer market and not the professional market. Quality and longevity demands are radically different, which enables for another production approach to be used. With simple operations and very short times at each work station, the US plant is not many steps away from Ford’s mass production approach.</p> / <p>Denna kandidatuppsats studerar produktionsorganisationen inom Husqvarna AB:s motorsågstillverkning i tre olika fabriker; en i Sverige, en i Brasilien och en i USA. Området produktionsorganisation är influerat av män som Adam Smith, Frederick Taylor och Henry Ford, och det är i ljuset av bland annat dessas bidrag som vi frågar oss hur Huskvarna organiserar sin produktion.</p><p>Vi fann att den svenska fabriken var en kombination mellan ”grupptänkandet” som aktualiserades i Sverige på 1970-talet, särskilt med avseende på arbetarna, och ett produktionssätt som i många delar är massproduktion av Fordiskt snitt som allt mer går emot lean production. De brasilianska produktionsbanorna är identiska med de nyare svenska. Skillnaderna ligger i arbetarnas roller, då den brasilianska fabriken bär färre tecken på att vara inspirerat av grupptänkandet i till exempel det socio-tekniska synsättet. Den amerikanska fabriken står i skarp kontrast till de övriga två. Den producerar för konsumentmarknaden och inte för den professionella marknaden. Lägre kvalitets- och livslängdskrav tillåter ett annat produktionssätt. Den amerikanska fabriken har många likheter med Fordisk massproduktion, med enkla handgrepp och mycket korta tider vid varje station.</p>