Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo principal o estudo da não-participação de mulheres em situação de pobreza em cursos oferecidos por um Centro de Referência de Assistência Social (CRAS), localizado em município do Estado de São Paulo. Por meio de metodologia qualitativa baseada na psicologia sócio-histórica, foram entrevistadas três mulheres, buscando-se apreender os sentidos atribuídos por elas a tais cursos. Os resultados evidenciaram que as entrevistadas atribuem valor positivo aos cursos mas que não os relacionam com a possibilidade de obter melhorias significativas em suas vidas. Suas formas de agir parecem basear-se essencialmente em necessidades emergenciais, sem que sejam traçadas estratégias para o alcance de determinados objetivos a médio e longo prazo. Evidenciaram também a importância das relações sociais de gênero na determinação de suas escolhas. As falas das entrevistadas apontaram para a existência de acentuadas divisões de poder e de trabalho na esfera familiar, com o homem ocupando o lugar de autoridade, ficando reservado a elas, principalmente, o cuidado com os filhos, o marido e a casa. Mesmo quando trabalham fora, os fundamentos patriarcais familiares não parecem ser abalados. Esses resultados encontram ressonância com aqueles obtidos em pesquisas com temática semelhante. Invertendo a direção do olhar, também foi discutida a questão dos cursos, concluindo-se que o oferecimento dessas modalidades específicas não é condizente com aquilo que é preconizado pelo novo paradigma da Assistência Social. Concluiu-se que são necessários amplos debates e estudos sobre como devem ser organizados os serviços oferecidos pelos CRAS, para que estejam, de fato, em sintonia com os objetivos propostos. / The objective of this research was to study the non-participation of women from lower social classes in courses offered by a Social Service Assistance Reference Center (or CRAS, in Portuguese), in a municipality of the State of São Paulo. Using a qualitative methodology based on socio-historical psychology, interviews were conducted with three women aiming at learning the meanings attributed by them to those courses. Results pinpointed the positive aspect of those courses in the viewpoint of those women, though they dont relate them to an eventual possibility of attaining a significant improvement of their lives. Their behavior seems to be fundamentally based on urgent needs, not as evidence of planned strategies to achieve defined objectives in medium and long run. Another conclusion was the importance of social relations of gender in the determination of their choices. Their manifestations made clear the existence of profound sexual divisions of power and work in the family environment, with man occupying the authoritative place, resting to the women the role of caring for children, husband, and home. Even when these women have a place in the work market, family patriarchal elements dont seem to be challenged. Such results are supported by others obtained from studies of similar nature. From the opposite point of view, courses were also discussed and the conclusion was that the offer of such specific modalities is not in agreement with the new paradigm proposed by Social Assistance. The conclusion is that ample debate and studies on how the courses offered by CRAS should be organized are necessary, so that they could really attend their proposed objectives.

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo principal o estudo da não-participação de mulheres em situação de pobreza em cursos oferecidos por um Centro de Referência de Assistência Social (CRAS), localizado em município do Estado de São Paulo. Por meio de metodologia qualitativa baseada na psicologia sócio-histórica, foram entrevistadas três mulheres, buscando-se apreender os sentidos atribuídos por elas a tais cursos. Os resultados evidenciaram que as entrevistadas atribuem valor positivo aos cursos mas que não os relacionam com a possibilidade de obter melhorias significativas em suas vidas. Suas formas de agir parecem basear-se essencialmente em necessidades emergenciais, sem que sejam traçadas estratégias para o alcance de determinados objetivos a médio e longo prazo. Evidenciaram também a importância das relações sociais de gênero na determinação de suas escolhas. As falas das entrevistadas apontaram para a existência de acentuadas divisões de poder e de trabalho na esfera familiar, com o homem ocupando o lugar de autoridade, ficando reservado a elas, principalmente, o cuidado com os filhos, o marido e a casa. Mesmo quando trabalham fora, os fundamentos patriarcais familiares não parecem ser abalados. Esses resultados encontram ressonância com aqueles obtidos em pesquisas com temática semelhante. Invertendo a direção do olhar, também foi discutida a questão dos cursos, concluindo-se que o oferecimento dessas modalidades específicas não é condizente com aquilo que é preconizado pelo novo paradigma da Assistência Social. Concluiu-se que são necessários amplos debates e estudos sobre como devem ser organizados os serviços oferecidos pelos CRAS, para que estejam, de fato, em sintonia com os objetivos propostos. / The objective of this research was to study the non-participation of women from lower social classes in courses offered by a Social Service Assistance Reference Center (or CRAS, in Portuguese), in a municipality of the State of São Paulo. Using a qualitative methodology based on socio-historical psychology, interviews were conducted with three women aiming at learning the meanings attributed by them to those courses. Results pinpointed the positive aspect of those courses in the viewpoint of those women, though they dont relate them to an eventual possibility of attaining a significant improvement of their lives. Their behavior seems to be fundamentally based on urgent needs, not as evidence of planned strategies to achieve defined objectives in medium and long run. Another conclusion was the importance of social relations of gender in the determination of their choices. Their manifestations made clear the existence of profound sexual divisions of power and work in the family environment, with man occupying the authoritative place, resting to the women the role of caring for children, husband, and home. Even when these women have a place in the work market, family patriarchal elements dont seem to be challenged. Such results are supported by others obtained from studies of similar nature. From the opposite point of view, courses were also discussed and the conclusion was that the offer of such specific modalities is not in agreement with the new paradigm proposed by Social Assistance. The conclusion is that ample debate and studies on how the courses offered by CRAS should be organized are necessary, so that they could really attend their proposed objectives.

Greňová, Martina: Female translators as stakeholders in the contact between the Czech and German languages in the 19th century and at the beginning of the 20th century Abstract (in English): The purpose of this thesis in the field of history of translation is to describe the role of women in the Czech lands in the translation process from German to the Czech language. We focus on the period between the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. During this period, among other things, the status of women changed as well as the relationship between the Czech and German speaking population. When defining the new relationship between the two groups, translating into the Czech language played a crucial constitutive role. Our main research question is, whether and how women participated in this cultural process, and whether their involvement could eventually result in a professional career as a translator. Apart from that, there are also many other questions to be answered in relation to the historical context which had a major impact on the status and activities of women. For historical reconstruction of the period we apply the method of quantitative analysis of extant translations and directories. This data is supplemented by information from texts written by women themselves where they reflect on...

Power imbalances and gender-based violence (GBV) have increasingly been cited as important determinants putting women at risk of HIV infections. Studies have shown that globally one in every three women has been beaten, coerced into sex or otherwise abused in her lifetime. The study explored working women’s perceptions of power, gender-based violence and HIV-infection risks. A qualitative, explorative study was conducted among female employees in an airline business in Namibia. Five women participated in in-depth, face-to-face interviews. The findings show that all of the participants experienced power imbalances and GBV in their intimate relationships. All of the women reported emotional or psychological abuse, whilst the majority were subjected to economic abuse, followed by physical abuse, and two alleged having been sexually abused. The study concludes with specific recommendations for the development and successful implementation of workplace policy and programmes to protect and promote women’s rights. / Social Work / M.A. (Social Behaviour Studies in HIV/AIDS)

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:33:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana Cristina Magalhaes Fontes.pdf: 1430927 bytes, checksum: ae2dda16429c8bcf00a5e06f2be3bda1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-23 / The present study analyzes the role of the labor courts in Brazil regarding gender equality, to verify to what extent the social demands for equality are reflected in labor suits, and the results of these cases. For this purpose, the role of women in the world of work and the question of gender equality are examined from the perspective of gender awareness, with analysis of the forms of discrimination in the workplace. Finally, an analysis of court decisions in labor suits based on issues of gender equality is undertaken to note the difficulties faced and the results attained, to enable reaching conclusions on the role that can be played by the labor courts in promoting gender equality. / O presente estudo tem por objeto a análise do papel da Justiça do Trabalho relativamente à igualdade de gênero, de forma a verificar se as demandas sociais a ela relativas se transformam em litígios trabalhistas e, em caso positivo, qual tem sido o resultado destes. Para tanto, apresenta proposta de reflexão acerca do papel da mulher no mundo do trabalho, com base na teoria da divisão sexual do trabalho e relacionando a questão de igualdade de gênero sob a perspectiva da consciência de gênero, analisando, ainda, formas de discriminação no ambiente laboral. Por fim, propõe-se a analisar, mediante a realização de pesquisa jurisprudencial, a existência de reclamações trabalhistas com fundamento em igualdade de gênero, bem como as dificuldades e os resultados alcançados por estas, examinando a existência ou não de um papel a ser desempenhado pela Justiça do Trabalho na promoção da igualdade de gênero.

A cross-sectional survey was undertaken to examine the impact of organizational support on work-family conflict experienced by Taiwanese working women. A stress model of work and family interference was applied in the Taiwanese context; the current study examined whether the results of western studies of work-family conflict can be generalised to the Taiwanese population. The enactment of the Gender Equality of Employment Law in Taiwan in 2002 was a further impetus for the research. The study examined the effects of organizational family-friendly policies and cultural support of family responsibilities on work-family conflict and well-being. Women (aged between 15 and 64 years) in paid employment working in three public universities in northern Taiwan formed the sample population for this research. Stratified random sampling by occupation was used to enhance representativeness. The total sample consisted of 441 participants, made up of 288 general staff and 153 academic staff. The data was collected with several tested and widely used instruments (including the Family-Friendly Policies Usage and Satisfaction Questionnaires, Work-Family Culture Questionnaire, Work-Family Conflict Scale, Job Satisfaction Questionnaire, Family Satisfaction Questionnaire, Perceived Stress Scale, and Physical Symptoms Inventory). Descriptive analysis was used to examine demographic variables and all the measures; correlation analysis was used to examine the relationships between selected research variables; T-test, chi-square test and one-way ANOVA were used to characterize the differences between groups. Hierarchical multiple regression was performed to test the research hypotheses. The findings showed that work-family conflict was strongly linked with lower job and family satisfaction, greater stress and more severe physical ailments. Implementing family-friendly policies and creating a supportive work environment can help working women to manage their work-family conflict and improve their health outcomes. A supportive organizational culture has been confirmed by this research as important in preventing the negative consequences of work-family conflict. However, such conflict did not predict the levels of physical symptoms. Employer-supported dependant care policies were not associated with the level of work-family conflict. In addition, organizational cultural support did not predict the usage of family-friendly policies. This study has provided evidence that some relationships could be generalised, across western and Chinese societies, between organizational support and work-family conflict, and between work-family conflict and an individual's well-being, although specificities within each cultural remain and require different methods of assessment. In conclusion, a western theoretical model of work-family conflict was found to be acceptable and feasible to implement within the Taiwanese population, since the majority of the hypotheses were supported. This research provided valuable information for healthcare professionals, policy makers and organizations, presenting ways to help working women to manage the conflicting demands of work and family roles better.

Power imbalances and gender-based violence (GBV) have increasingly been cited as important determinants putting women at risk of HIV infections. Studies have shown that globally one in every three women has been beaten, coerced into sex or otherwise abused in her lifetime. The study explored working women’s perceptions of power, gender-based violence and HIV-infection risks. A qualitative, explorative study was conducted among female employees in an airline business in Namibia. Five women participated in in-depth, face-to-face interviews. The findings show that all of the participants experienced power imbalances and GBV in their intimate relationships. All of the women reported emotional or psychological abuse, whilst the majority were subjected to economic abuse, followed by physical abuse, and two alleged having been sexually abused. The study concludes with specific recommendations for the development and successful implementation of workplace policy and programmes to protect and promote women’s rights. / Social Work / M.A. (Social Behaviour Studies in HIV/AIDS)

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T18:33:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luciane Martini.pdf: 694899 bytes, checksum: 3d99e22acccfe2ab6bbbe052f65c5f6a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-06-07 / Women's participation in the labor market has expanded heavily in the latest decades, especially since the year 1970, this participation has generated several transformations in family structure and its traditional role of both in the family and society. Based on this new scenario, this study has to analyze the social and economic characteristics of the insertion of women affiliated with the units of the SESC in meso West Paranaense in tertiary sector in the period 2006 to 2010. The West was structured Paranaense initially by primary sector, but with the impact of technological changes and the displacement of rural population to urban area, the tertiary sector has been modernized to support the needs of new forms production organization, so the woman was included in this sector. By development of primary research with a sample of 638 women from the SESC, four units located in the municipalities of Cascavel, Foz do Iguacu, Toledo and Marechal Candido Rondon, we observed that most women in this age group between 30 to 39 years, with respect to marital prevalence refers to married women and the vast majority of them have only 01 and son the size of the family unit is concentrated among 02 to 04 people. Search revealed that the main reason for women entering the labor market is related to family financial need. We can also say that the predominance of women have secondary education, and that such a high rate attending higher education, and accumulates the execution of the double shift work, or home and abroad. It was noted the large number of women heads of households, responsible for the economic family unit. Already extensive secondary research revealed differences in earnings between men and women in this sector, which develop the same functions. It was also noted that in the volume was higher among male employees in this sector. / A participação da mulher no mercado de trabalho expandiu-se, e muito, nas ultimas décadas. Principalmente a partir do ano de 1970 essa participação gerou diversas transformações na estrutura familiar tradicional e no seu papel desempenhado tanto na família como na sociedade. Com base nesse novo cenário, o presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar as características sociais e econômicas da inserção das mulheres filiadas junto às unidades do SESC na mesorregião Oeste Paranaense, no setor terciário no período de 2006 a 2010. O Oeste Paranaense estruturou-se inicialmente pelo setor primário da economia, porém, com o impacto das transformações tecnológicas e o deslocamento da população rural para a zona urbana, os setor terciário modernizou-se para dar suporte às necessidades das novas formas da organização produtiva, desse modo a mulher foi inserida nesse setor. Através do desenvolvimento da pesquisa primária junto a uma amostra de 638 mulheres junto às quatro (4) unidades do SESC localizadas nos municípios de Cascavel, Foz do Iguaçu, Toledo e Marechal Cândido Rondon, observamos que a maioria das mulheres está na faixa etária compreendida entre 30 a 39 anos; que, com relação ao estado civil, a prevalência é de mulheres casadas e que a grande maioria delas possui apenas um (1) filho e, ainda, que o tamanho da unidade familiar está concentrado entre duas (2) a quatro (4) pessoas. A pesquisa revelou que o principal motivo para a inserção da mulher no mercado de trabalho està relacionado à necessidade financeira familiar. Quanto ao nível escolar dessas mulheres, podemos afirmar que o predomínio é de mulheres com ensino médio, e que um alto índice está freqüentando o ensino superior, e se acumula também a realização da dupla jornada de trabalho, ou seja, em casa e fora dele. Observou-se o grande número de mulheres chefes de família, responsáveis pela manutenção econômica da unidade familiar. Já a pesquisa secundária revelou intensas diferenças de rendimentos entre homens e mulheres nesse setor, mesmo quando desenvolvem as mesmas funções. Observa-se, por fim, que, em termos quantitativos, a prevalência maior é de empregados do sexo masculino nesse setor.

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