Forskning visar att genom flexibel arbetstid kan arbetsledare behålla kompetenser. Flexibel arbetstid kan skapa engagemang och bra arbetsförhållanden i verksamheter utifrån medarbetarens enskilda behov och organisationens krav på bemanning. Resultatet visar att genom teorin om KASAM kan arbetsledare skapa en attraktiv arbetsplats och behålla kompetenser trots det strama ekonomiska kravet från organisationen. Syftet med studien var att studera hur goda villkor för lärande kan skapas i flexibel arbetstid. Studien baseras på nio semistrukturerade intervjuer med arbetsledare inom vård och omsorg från tre städer i Sverige och utgick från en intervjuguide. Redovisningen av resultatet delades först in i två teman utifrån organisationsperspektivet och individperspektivet. Därefter analyserades resultatet utifrån teorin om KASAM i tre delar. Arbetsledare menar att genom kommunikation, motivation och delaktighet kan goda villkor för lärande skapas i flexibel arbetstid. Resultatet visar att det är en komplex uppgift för arbetsledare att behålla kompetenser för att skapa en bra arbetsmiljö.

A mulher ingressou no mercado de trabalho, mas não mudaram suas condições fisiológicas, e a gravidez e a maternidade são encargos biológicos das mulheres. Além das consequências individuais e familiares, devem-se observar as consequências sociais, econômicas e financeiras. É fundamental reconhecer-se a real necessidade de medidas protetivas e qual abrangência elas devem ter. Durante o período especial em que está em gestação, não pode ficar sujeita a condições de trabalho prejudiciais a sua pessoa e ao desenvolvimento do feto. A evolução do Direito do Trabalho demonstra preocupação com o meio ambiente laboral no sentido de desenvolver as condições oferecidas e de promover a adaptabilidade. O meio ambiente do trabalho está relacionado com a atuação humana e é o local onde o trabalhador exerce suas atividades profissionais e o afeta no exercício dessa ação. As condições desse ambiente são determinantes à saúde do trabalhador. Em vista disso, o Direito trata da sua proteção como direito fundamental no sentido de garantir uma vida digna e com qualidade aos trabalhadores. O ambiente de trabalho é determinante para a sadia qualidade de vida e uma faceta para a formação e a garantia da dignidade humana. Apesar da cultura de afastar a mulher do meio produtivo e mantê-la com nas obrigações familiares, hoje, a mulher tem plena igualdade de exercer a profissão que desejar. A Constituição Federal (CF/88) garante a igualdade entre gêneros, mas a realidade demonstra uma série de situações em que o trabalho da mulher é discriminado. Cabe ao Direito promover a igualdade. O tratamento diferenciado é justificado apenas em relação às condições peculiares da mulher e não é o de impor o papel de cada gênero à sociedade. Quando se trata da maternidade, que é um período especial, deve ela ser vista a partir de sua função social que é de a de dar origem às novas gerações. No entanto, não deve ser uma dificuldade para a mulher trabalhadora. O ônus pelo seu afastamento das atividades profissionais deve ser compartilhado por toda a sociedade. A legislação brasileira apresenta uma série de garantias como licençamaternidade e estabilidade à gestante. Durante esse período, deve ser-lhe garantida uma adaptabilidade especial no meio ambiente de trabalho, tendo em vista que ele poderá, em sendo inadequado, ser responsável por consequências sérias na gravidez. / Submitted by Marcelo Teixeira (mvteixeira@ucs.br) on 2014-05-23T13:56:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Paula Dalmas.pdf: 1240105 bytes, checksum: 9b2e53b0be6004534859adc2c027d6bc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-23T13:56:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Paula Dalmas.pdf: 1240105 bytes, checksum: 9b2e53b0be6004534859adc2c027d6bc (MD5) / Women joined labor market, but did not change their physiological conditions, and pregnancy and maternity are women’s biological burden. Besides the impact on individuals and families, should be noted the social, economic and financial. It is important to recognize the real need for protective measures and what coverage they must have. During the special period that she is pregnant, can’t be subjected to working conditions detrimental to her person and the development of the fetus. The evolution of Labor Law shows concern for the environment work to develop the terms offered and promote adaptability. Working environment is related to human activity and is place where employee performs his professional activities and affects him in exercise of that action. Conditions of this environment are crucial to health of workers as individuals. In view of this, Law deals with the protection of workers as fundamental right to ensure their dignity and quality of life. Work environment is key to a healthy quality of life and a facet of formation and ensuring human dignity. Despite a culture that keeps women away from work market and keeps them with family obligations, nowadays, women have full equality to practice as they wish. Federal Constitution guarantees gender equality but reality shows a series of situations in which women’s work is discriminated. It is for the law to promote equality. Different treatment is justified only in relation to conditions peculiar to women and not to impose role of each gender to society. When it comes to motherhood, which is a special period, should be viewed from its social function to preserve new generations. However, it should not be a difficulty for working women. Onus for the removal of her professional activities should be shared throughout society. Brazilian laws provide a series of guarantees such as maternity leave and stability to pregnant. During gestation period should be granted a special adaptability of working environment to women, in order that it, if inappropriate, may be responsible for serious consequences of pregnancy.

Bakgrund: En av hälso-och sjukvårdens största utmaningar idag är att leverera säker vård i takt med att mer avancerad vård finns att tillgå. Med avancerad vård ökar risker för patientsäkerheten. I takt med utvecklingen ställs högre krav på sjuksköterskans effektivitet, kliniska och praktiska kunskaper att hantera medicinsk teknik bedriva omvårdnad samt arbeta mot patientsäkerhet. Sjuksköterskans arbetsmiljö i relation till patientsäkerheten är därför av vikt att belysa. Syfte: Att, genom en litteraturöversikt, undersöka förhållandet mellan arbetsmiljö och patientsäkerhet. Metod: Litteraturöversikt. Vetenskapliga studier har sökts i databaserna CINAHL och PubMed. Resultatet baserades på 12 vetenskapliga studier, fyra kvalitativa studier och åtta kvantitativa studier. Resultat: Resultatet genererade i fyra huvudområden: Integrerat arbete för förbättrad arbetsmiljö och patientsäkerhet: Kvaliteten på sjuksköterskans arbetsmiljö och patientsäkerhet har ett samband, bristande arbetsmiljö resulterade i bristande patientsäkerhet. Arbetsbelastning och patientsäkerhet: För högt patientantal per sjuksköterska ledde till ökad arbetsbelastning vilket äventyrade patientsäkerheten. Arbetsrelaterad stress bidrog inte till god och säker omvårdnad då sjuksköterskornas förmåga att bedriva patientsäker omvårdnad försämrades. Avvikelserapportering och patientsäkerhet: Bristfällig rapportering av avvikelser korrelerade med kvaliteten på arbetsmiljön, flertalet studier påvisade att underrapporteringen berodde på tidsbrist och att avvikelserna kunde hållas emot sjuksköterskorna. Kollegialt stöd och patientsäkerhet: Goda relationer över professionsgränserna och strukturerad handledning genererade i förbättrad arbetsmiljö och ökad patientsäkerhet. Slutsats: Litteraturöversikten styrker att det finns samband mellan arbetsmiljö och patientsäkerhet, förbättrad arbetsmiljö ger ökad kostnadseffektivitet och ökad kvalitet på omvårdnaden samt minskat antal vårdskador. / Background: One of healthcare's biggest challenges today is to deliver safe care as a progressive development. The more complex healthcare care is performed, more risks for patient safety follow. In line with development, higher demands are placed on the nurse's effectiveness, clinical and practical knowledge, medical technology, nursing and patient safety. Nursing's work environment in relation to patient safety is therefore important to highlight. Aim: To study, through a literature review, the relationship between the working environment and patient safety. Method: literature review. Scientific articles have been searched in the CINAHL and PubMed databases. The result was based on 12 scientific studies, four qualitative studies and eight quantitative studies. Result: The result generated in four main areas: Integrated work for improved work environment and patient safety: The quality of the nurse's work environment and patient safety has a connection, lack of working environment resulted in insufficient patient safety. Workload and patient safety: Too high patient number per nurse led to increased workload which endangered patient safety. Work-related stress did not contribute to good and safe nursing when the nurses' ability to perform patient-safe nursing was impaired. Deviation reporting and patient safety: Inadequate reporting of discrepancies correlated with the quality of the work environment, most studies showed that the under reporting was due to lack of time and that the abnormalities could be held against the nurses. Collegial support and patient safety: Good relations across professional boundaries and structured tutoring generated in an improved work environment and increased patient safety. Conclusion: The literature review confirms that there is a correlation between work environment and patient safety, improved work environment, increased cost-effectiveness and increased quality of care and reduced number of healthcare injuries.

The submitted diploma thesis is focused on aspects of employee satisfaction and remuneration by means of motivation factors. The thesis analyses current company´s motivation system and evaluates the feed-back from employees. It also discloses some inadequacies and contains an enhancement suggestion for working environment.

On behalf of Skanska, the goal is to develop proposals for improving the work environment around the waste management to improve the sorting of construction waste to ultimately reduce costs and improve the order of the workplace. The study involves comparing two construction stages erected by Skanska with Riksbyggen contracting Sandåkern in Umeå. Why was there more residue in the second stage than in the first? What can be useful for future projects and what opportunities should we create in order to reach a continuous improvement on both the working environment and sorting of waste? Interviews are the basis for some of the conclusions about the differences in the amounts of waste at the two stages and are included as appendices, at the end of this thesis. A combined result from the questions asked during the introduction has resulted in an "Easy to do right" - template. Where the idea is that the template is to become a poster at the workplace in size A3. The poster will contain small, simple tips on how waste can be reduced and the work environment could be improved. This can be achieved by sorting through the materials available on site and keep the necessary things, which will improve the overview of what is available and fewer materials would break or disappear due to a messy environment. It is good to use both breaks and lunches to dispose of materials with the “feed-cart” and bring the cart back after the break. Let everyone participate in how to developing the workplace and what kind of daily routines it should have. It makes everyone become more committed to keep on doing it. A cable that hangs down from the ceiling or the floor could cause an injury, this need to be taken care of by securing it so no one will get hurt. Holes that may exist should also be covered so that no one will trip and fall. Sorting out the fractions will save money since then the waste company doesn’t have to charge extra for their sorting of the recycled materials. When everyone keeps a high level of cleanliness it reduces the spread of dust, clutter in the workplace and prevents materials from getting destroyed which would result in an increased amount of waste. The management of construction waste can be improved with simple and sound means, which will create a safer work environment and a quieter life. Through these small, simple means there is both the environment and money to save and a sense of coming home healthy and happy to ones family at the end of the work day. It is something that we all want to achieve, not only construction companies, but also individual to be happy with their work. Let's put our heads together and build a better and safer future for both nature and the individual. / Examensarbetet är utfört efter ett förslag från Skanska Hus med målsättningen att ta fram förslag till förbättringar av arbetsmiljön kring avfallshanteringen och med den kunna förbättra sorteringen av byggavfallet för att i slutändan kunna minska kostnader och få en bättre ordning på arbetsplatsen. Studien handlar om att jämföra två etapper som utfördes av Skanska med Riksbyggen som byggherre på Sandåkern i Umeå. Varför blev det mer avfall på den ena etappen än den andra? Vilka delar kan vi ta med oss till kommande projekt och vilka möjligheter bör vi hitta för att nå en ständig förbättring kring både arbetsmiljö och sortering av avfall? Intervjuer ligger till grund för några av de slutsatser kring skillnaderna i avfallsmängderna på de båda etapperna och finns med som bilagor. (Bilaga 1, 5, 6) Resultatet från de frågeställningar som ställs under inledningsdelen ligger till grund för ”Lätt att göra rätt” – mall. Tanken att mallen ska kunna bli en poster ute på arbetsplatsen i A3 storlek. Där presenteras små enkla tips om hur avfallsmängder kan reduceras och arbetsmiljön förbättras. Avfallsmängden kan minskas genom att sortera materialet på plats och endast försöka ha det mest nödvändiga kvar. Det ger en bättre överblick över vad som finns och material som går sönder eller minskas. Det är bra att använda tiden runt raster och luncher att frakta bort material i fodervagn Starke Arvid och ta med vagnen tillbaka efter rasten. Alla ska vara delaktiga i hur arbetsplatsen utformas och vilka rutiner som bör finnas. Det gör att alla blir mer engagerade för för gjorda överenskommelser. Att vara noga med säkerheten och arbetsmiljön, t.ex. genom att hänga upp kablar från golv och tak och täcka eventuella hål för undvikande av fallolyckor. Genom att sortera upp fraktioner väl sparar det pengar på eftersortering men även återanvändning av återvunnet material. Om alla håller städningen på en bra nivå minskar dammspridningen, oreda på arbetsplatsen och materialförstörelse som resulterar i ökad avfallsmängd. Hanteringen av byggavfall kan förbättras med enkla och sunda medel, vilket skapar en tryggare arbetsmiljö och en lugnare arbetsdag. Genom dessa enkla små medel finns det både pengar att hämta, en miljö att rädda och en känsla av att komma hem hel och glad till sin familj i slutet av arbetsdagen. Det är något som vi alla vill uppnå, inte bara byggföretaget utan även individen som ska trivas med sitt arbete. Om vi slår våra kloka huvuden ihop så bygger vi en bättre och tryggare framtid för såväl naturen som individen.

This thesis deals with an issue of employment of people with mental disorders. The goal of thesis is to describe and to map mental disorders and to point out their maladaptive behaviors. Also to show possibilities of communication in working environment with people with mental disorders and to highlight opportunities of employment in the labor market. The issue is subsequently evaluated with use of questionnaire surveys and interviews with experts in the topic. The thesis is divided into two parts, in theoretical part are explained concepts related to mental illnesses and in practical part is described cooperation with organization Green Doors.

This diploma work focuses on themes of psychic pressure, psychic health, mental hygiene and its exercise in the corporate practice. The main interest of the work is to survey the working conditions in the Czech Republic and to find main weaknesses in terms of stressful working environment. After analysing the main problems the work attempts to propose a solution -- the establishment of a Centre for Relaxation and Mental Hygiene for overstress bearing employees. The theoretical part of this work concentrates on the complex informational base of human psyche, work pressure and its all context, and also informs about principles of mental hygiene. The practical part tries to find out the level of awareness among the workforce in respect of mental hygiene as well as the prospective demand for services of the Centre for Relaxation and Mental Hygiene. The main contribution of this work is the attempt to inform the public about these issues and to propose a possible solution for mainly problematic working conditions in the Czech Republic.

Syftet med vår studie är att skapa förståelse för hur medarbetare upplever att självständighet och delaktighet påverkas vid en tillämpning av Lean Production. Metoden bygger på en hermeneutisk vetenskapstradition med en verklighetsbild som är från ett socialkonstruktivistiskt synsätt. Genom en abduktiv forskningsansats behandlas fallstudiens material mellan empirin och teorin. Studien bygger på ett kvalitativt förhållningssätt och bygger på elva semi-strukturerade intervjuer som ger grunden till det empiriska materialet, vilket vidare analyseras i en analys med tematiskt fokus. Studien tyder på att medarbetare upplever självständighet och delaktighet olika vid tillämpning av ett Lean Production koncept. Vi ser däremot att vissa komponenter av faktorerna självständighet och delaktighet påverkas både negativt och positivt. Anledningen till dessa effekter på komponenterna av självständighet och delaktighet härleder vi vara till stor del från hierarkiväggar och standardisering. Vi ser även att det till stor del kan vara situationsbetingat och bero på miljön och individen. Till vidare forskning ser vi ett behov av att mer grundligt undersöka hur organisationer kan förebygga negativa konsekvenser samt stimulera positiva effekter som ett Lean Production koncept medför. Vi föreslår vidare att det forskas kring hur väl standardisering passar i svenska organisationer, där medarbetare ofta sätts i fokus. Studien belyser hierarkiväggar och standardisering som påverkande faktorer för medarbetare vid implementering av Lean Production, till skillnad från tidigare forskning, samtidigt som självständighet och delaktighet beror på situation. / The aim of our study is to create an understanding of how employees experience that autonomy and participation are influenced by an application of Lean Production. The method builds on a hermeneutic science tradition and a social constructivist perspective on reality. The case study is carried out through an abductive approach between theoretical and empirical material. The study is based on a qualitative research design and is grounded on the empirical evidence that consists of eleven semi-structured interviews, which is further thematically analyzed. The study indicates that employees experience autonomy and participation differently when the concept Lean Production is applied. Although we do see some components of the factors autonomy and participation be affected both negatively and positively. The reason for these effects on the components of autonomy and participation, we derive mainly to be barriers of hierarchy and standardization. We also see that a big part is contingent on situation and can depend on environment and individual. For future research we see a need for more extensive analysis’ in how organizations can prevent the negative consequences and stimulate the positive effects that Lean Production bring. We also suggest that research is done concerning how well standardization fits in swedish organizations, where employees often are empowered. The study highlights barriers of hierarchy and standardization as influencing factors for employees when implementing Lean production, in contrast to previous research, while autonomy and participation also depends on situation.

A mulher ingressou no mercado de trabalho, mas não mudaram suas condições fisiológicas, e a gravidez e a maternidade são encargos biológicos das mulheres. Além das consequências individuais e familiares, devem-se observar as consequências sociais, econômicas e financeiras. É fundamental reconhecer-se a real necessidade de medidas protetivas e qual abrangência elas devem ter. Durante o período especial em que está em gestação, não pode ficar sujeita a condições de trabalho prejudiciais a sua pessoa e ao desenvolvimento do feto. A evolução do Direito do Trabalho demonstra preocupação com o meio ambiente laboral no sentido de desenvolver as condições oferecidas e de promover a adaptabilidade. O meio ambiente do trabalho está relacionado com a atuação humana e é o local onde o trabalhador exerce suas atividades profissionais e o afeta no exercício dessa ação. As condições desse ambiente são determinantes à saúde do trabalhador. Em vista disso, o Direito trata da sua proteção como direito fundamental no sentido de garantir uma vida digna e com qualidade aos trabalhadores. O ambiente de trabalho é determinante para a sadia qualidade de vida e uma faceta para a formação e a garantia da dignidade humana. Apesar da cultura de afastar a mulher do meio produtivo e mantê-la com nas obrigações familiares, hoje, a mulher tem plena igualdade de exercer a profissão que desejar. A Constituição Federal (CF/88) garante a igualdade entre gêneros, mas a realidade demonstra uma série de situações em que o trabalho da mulher é discriminado. Cabe ao Direito promover a igualdade. O tratamento diferenciado é justificado apenas em relação às condições peculiares da mulher e não é o de impor o papel de cada gênero à sociedade. Quando se trata da maternidade, que é um período especial, deve ela ser vista a partir de sua função social que é de a de dar origem às novas gerações. No entanto, não deve ser uma dificuldade para a mulher trabalhadora. O ônus pelo seu afastamento das atividades profissionais deve ser compartilhado por toda a sociedade. A legislação brasileira apresenta uma série de garantias como licençamaternidade e estabilidade à gestante. Durante esse período, deve ser-lhe garantida uma adaptabilidade especial no meio ambiente de trabalho, tendo em vista que ele poderá, em sendo inadequado, ser responsável por consequências sérias na gravidez. / Women joined labor market, but did not change their physiological conditions, and pregnancy and maternity are women’s biological burden. Besides the impact on individuals and families, should be noted the social, economic and financial. It is important to recognize the real need for protective measures and what coverage they must have. During the special period that she is pregnant, can’t be subjected to working conditions detrimental to her person and the development of the fetus. The evolution of Labor Law shows concern for the environment work to develop the terms offered and promote adaptability. Working environment is related to human activity and is place where employee performs his professional activities and affects him in exercise of that action. Conditions of this environment are crucial to health of workers as individuals. In view of this, Law deals with the protection of workers as fundamental right to ensure their dignity and quality of life. Work environment is key to a healthy quality of life and a facet of formation and ensuring human dignity. Despite a culture that keeps women away from work market and keeps them with family obligations, nowadays, women have full equality to practice as they wish. Federal Constitution guarantees gender equality but reality shows a series of situations in which women’s work is discriminated. It is for the law to promote equality. Different treatment is justified only in relation to conditions peculiar to women and not to impose role of each gender to society. When it comes to motherhood, which is a special period, should be viewed from its social function to preserve new generations. However, it should not be a difficulty for working women. Onus for the removal of her professional activities should be shared throughout society. Brazilian laws provide a series of guarantees such as maternity leave and stability to pregnant. During gestation period should be granted a special adaptability of working environment to women, in order that it, if inappropriate, may be responsible for serious consequences of pregnancy.

La presente investigación tuvo como finalidad evaluar la relación entre el clima laboral y el engagement del personal egresado del programa de capacitación laboral juvenil de Alicorp SAA, de los periodos 2017 y 2018. Debido a la importancia que tiene este programa de formación y su relevancia en cuanto a la generación de talento necesario para la compañía, se trató de analizar mediante la segmentación en dimensiones del clima laboral, siendo las dimensiones propuestas la autonomía, la motivación, la predisposición a cambios tecnológicos y la recompensa, esto debido al modelo de formación que tienen los egresados de este programa y que son actuales factores de medición para el personal activo mediante la aplicación anual de un indicador de clima laboral. Para ello, se tomó una muestra de 25 colaboradores que cumplían con este perfil de todas las áreas productivas, con la finalidad de buscar imparcialidad y diversidad de perspectiva del público de estudio. La metodología empleada fue la recopilación de datos mediante la aplicación de una encuesta, la cual mediante la escala de Likert recabó la información, para luego ingresar los datos en un programa estadístico que permite analizar y esclarecer si es que existe una relación directa y positiva entre el clima laboral y el engagement. Los resultados indican que existe una relación directa y positiva entre el clima laboral y el engagement de los egresados de la población de estudio, por esta razón se propuso algunas recomendaciones para afianzar este grado de relación. / The present investigation resulted in the relationship between the work climate and the personal commitment of the Alicorp SAA youth labor training program, for the periods 2017 and 2018. Due to the importance of this training program and the relevance in terms of the generation of talent necessary for the company, we tried to analyze by segmentation in dimensions of the work environment, taking into account the dimensions of autonomy, motivation, predisposition to technological changes and the reward, this is due to the training model that the graduates of this program have and that are the current factors of measurement for active personnel through the application of a work climate indicator. For this, we have seen a sample of 25 employees who have completed this profile of all productive areas, in order to seek impartiality and diversity of perspective of the study audience. the methodology applied was the compilation of data through the application of a survey, which using the Likert scale collected the information, and then enter the data in a statistical program to analyze and clarify if there is a direct and positive relationship between the work enviroment and engagement. The results indicate that there is a direct and positive relationship between the work climate and the commitment of the graduates of the study population, for this reason some recommendations were proposed to strengthen this degree of relationship. / Tesis